Anna Zenno, Ejike E. Nwosu, Syeda Z. Fatima, Evan P. Nadler, Nazrat M. Mirza, Sheila M. Brady, Sara A. Turner, Shanna B. Yang, Julia Lazareva, Jennifer A. Te-Vasquez, Kong Y. Chen, Stephanie T. Chung, Jack A. Yanovski
Background
Up to 50% of adolescents who undergo metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) have obesity 3 years post-MBS, placing them at continued risk for the consequences of obesity.
Objectives
We conducted an open-label, 16-week pilot study of liraglutide in adolescents with obesity after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) to investigate liraglutide effects on weight and body mass index (BMI) post-SG.
Methods
Adolescents aged 12–20.99 years with obesity and a history of SG ≥1 year prior were enrolled. Liraglutide was initiated at 0.6 mg/day, escalated weekly to a maximum of 3 mg/day, with treatment duration 16 weeks. Fasting laboratory assessments and an oral glucose tolerance test were performed at baseline and end-treatment.
Results
A total of 43 participants were screened, 34 initiated liraglutide (baseline BMI 41.2 ± 7.7 kg/m2), and 31 (91%) attended the end-treatment visit. BMI decreased by 4.3% (p < 0.001) with liraglutide. Adolescents who had poor initial response to SG (<20% BMI reduction at BMI nadir) had less weight loss with liraglutide. Fasting glucose and haemoglobin A1C concentrations significantly decreased. There were no serious treatment-emergent adverse events reported.
Conclusions
Liraglutide treatment was feasible and associated with a BMI reduction of 4.3% in adolescents who had previously undergone SG, quantitatively similar to results obtained in adolescents with obesity who have not undergone MBS.
{"title":"An open-label 16-week study of liraglutide in adolescents with obesity post-sleeve gastrectomy","authors":"Anna Zenno, Ejike E. Nwosu, Syeda Z. Fatima, Evan P. Nadler, Nazrat M. Mirza, Sheila M. Brady, Sara A. Turner, Shanna B. Yang, Julia Lazareva, Jennifer A. Te-Vasquez, Kong Y. Chen, Stephanie T. Chung, Jack A. Yanovski","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13154","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13154","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Up to 50% of adolescents who undergo metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) have obesity 3 years post-MBS, placing them at continued risk for the consequences of obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted an open-label, 16-week pilot study of liraglutide in adolescents with obesity after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) to investigate liraglutide effects on weight and body mass index (BMI) post-SG.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescents aged 12–20.99 years with obesity and a history of SG ≥1 year prior were enrolled. Liraglutide was initiated at 0.6 mg/day, escalated weekly to a maximum of 3 mg/day, with treatment duration 16 weeks. Fasting laboratory assessments and an oral glucose tolerance test were performed at baseline and end-treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 43 participants were screened, 34 initiated liraglutide (baseline BMI 41.2 ± 7.7 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), and 31 (91%) attended the end-treatment visit. BMI decreased by 4.3% (<i>p</i> < 0.001) with liraglutide. Adolescents who had poor initial response to SG (<20% BMI reduction at BMI nadir) had less weight loss with liraglutide. Fasting glucose and haemoglobin A1C concentrations significantly decreased. There were no serious treatment-emergent adverse events reported.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Liraglutide treatment was feasible and associated with a BMI reduction of 4.3% in adolescents who had previously undergone SG, quantitatively similar to results obtained in adolescents with obesity who have not undergone MBS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141892463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parents play a substantial role in improving adolescent dietary behaviours.
Objectives
To examine the interdependent relationships between motivations (autonomous and emotional motivation) and dietary behaviours (fruit and vegetable [F/V] and junk food and sugar-sweetened beverage [JF/SSB] intake) within parent–adolescent dyads.
Methods
This secondary data analysis was conducted on 1522 parent–adolescent dyads using a cross-sectional Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating (FLASHE) study. The ratio of boys to girls among the adolescents was approximately equal, and 74% of the parents were mothers. The adolescents were between 12 and 17 years old, and 85.5% of the parents were between 35 and 59 years old. Parents and adolescents completed an online survey on dietary motivations and behaviours. Actor–partner interdependence models were performed within parent–adolescent dyads.
Results
F/V and JF/SSB intake was influenced by parents' or adolescents' autonomous motivation (actor-only pattern), except among adolescents with obesity. A dyadic pattern was found in the relationship between autonomous motivation and F/V and JF/SSB intake, but only among adolescents with normal weight. No relationship was found between F/V and JF/SSB controlled motivation and F/V or JF/SSB intake among adolescents with overweight or obesity.
Conclusions
Autonomous motivation had a significant relationship with F/V and JF/SSB intake for both parents and adolescents, but the association varied depending on the adolescents' weight. Personalized programmes that foster autonomous motivation to change dietary behaviours should be provided based on the adolescents' weight status.
{"title":"Relationship between motivations and dietary behaviours within parent–adolescent dyads: Application of actor–partner interdependence models","authors":"So Hyun Park, Hanjong Park","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13153","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13153","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parents play a substantial role in improving adolescent dietary behaviours.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine the interdependent relationships between motivations (autonomous and emotional motivation) and dietary behaviours (fruit and vegetable [F/V] and junk food and sugar-sweetened beverage [JF/SSB] intake) within parent–adolescent dyads.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This secondary data analysis was conducted on 1522 parent–adolescent dyads using a cross-sectional Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating (FLASHE) study. The ratio of boys to girls among the adolescents was approximately equal, and 74% of the parents were mothers. The adolescents were between 12 and 17 years old, and 85.5% of the parents were between 35 and 59 years old. Parents and adolescents completed an online survey on dietary motivations and behaviours. Actor–partner interdependence models were performed within parent–adolescent dyads.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>F/V and JF/SSB intake was influenced by parents' or adolescents' autonomous motivation (actor-only pattern), except among adolescents with obesity. A dyadic pattern was found in the relationship between autonomous motivation and F/V and JF/SSB intake, but only among adolescents with normal weight. No relationship was found between F/V and JF/SSB controlled motivation and F/V or JF/SSB intake among adolescents with overweight or obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Autonomous motivation had a significant relationship with F/V and JF/SSB intake for both parents and adolescents, but the association varied depending on the adolescents' weight. Personalized programmes that foster autonomous motivation to change dietary behaviours should be provided based on the adolescents' weight status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141887768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Unai Miguel Andres, Beau L. Mansker, Shellye Suttles, Sara K. Naramore
Background
Childhood obesity is a growing worldwide epidemic that requires a biopsychosocial treatment approach to achieve a healthy lifestyle. This study on children in a weight management program examines the relationship between obesity, disease complications, and social determinants of health. We expect that children with higher degrees of obesity are more likely to live in areas lacking access to healthy food and have similar behavioural and socioeconomic characteristics.
Methods
Program participants were identified by neighbourhood food access status based on their home address. The prevalence of comorbidities in the participants was analyzed according to neighbourhood food accessibility. Multivariate regressions evaluated the association between participants' health outcomes and their sociodemographic and geographical characteristics.
Results
A total of 283 (98.3%) participants had a BMI ≥95th percentile for their age and sex and 68 (23.6%) lived in neighbourhoods with limited food access. Almost a third (Adj. R2 = 0.3302; p < 0.01) of the variability in study population's BMI was driven by sociodemographic factors, self-reported eating and physical activity behaviours, and had a positive relationship with access to healthy food. Nonetheless, HbA1c had a negative relationship with access to healthy food given the limited variation in the sample of participants with HbA1c levels indicating diabetes.
Conclusion
Children living in neighbourhoods with limited food access had higher BMIs than other program participants. Thus, it is critical to identify children with limited neighbourhood food accessibility and promote societal and legislative change to improve access to healthy food.
{"title":"Understanding the relationship between limited neighbourhood food access and health outcomes of children with obesity","authors":"Unai Miguel Andres, Beau L. Mansker, Shellye Suttles, Sara K. Naramore","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13151","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13151","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Childhood obesity is a growing worldwide epidemic that requires a biopsychosocial treatment approach to achieve a healthy lifestyle. This study on children in a weight management program examines the relationship between obesity, disease complications, and social determinants of health. We expect that children with higher degrees of obesity are more likely to live in areas lacking access to healthy food and have similar behavioural and socioeconomic characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Program participants were identified by neighbourhood food access status based on their home address. The prevalence of comorbidities in the participants was analyzed according to neighbourhood food accessibility. Multivariate regressions evaluated the association between participants' health outcomes and their sociodemographic and geographical characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 283 (98.3%) participants had a BMI ≥95th percentile for their age and sex and 68 (23.6%) lived in neighbourhoods with limited food access. Almost a third (Adj. <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.3302; <i>p</i> < 0.01) of the variability in study population's BMI was driven by sociodemographic factors, self-reported eating and physical activity behaviours, and had a positive relationship with access to healthy food. Nonetheless, HbA1c had a negative relationship with access to healthy food given the limited variation in the sample of participants with HbA1c levels indicating diabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children living in neighbourhoods with limited food access had higher BMIs than other program participants. Thus, it is critical to identify children with limited neighbourhood food accessibility and promote societal and legislative change to improve access to healthy food.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141873747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jose J. Gil-Cosano, Abel Plaza-Florido, Luis Gracia-Marco, Jairo H. Migueles, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Marcos Olvera-Rojas, Esther Ubago-Guisado, Idoia Labayen, Alejandro Lucia, Francisco B. Ortega
Background
We assessed the effects of a 20-week combined (aerobic and resistance) exercise training programme on the inflammatory profile of prepubertal children with overweight or obesity.
Methods
Totally 109 participants (10.1 ± 1.1 years, 41% girls) were randomly allocated to an exercise or control group. Adiponectin, C-reactive protein, epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, leptin, tumour necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) were analysed in plasma. Total white blood cell (WBC) count and immune subpopulations (eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes) were also determined.
Results
No intervention effect was found for any of the analysed biomarkers (all p ≥ 0.05). We observed a significant sex by intervention interaction for IL-1β (p = 0.03). When stratifying the sample by sex, the exercise programme induced a significant effect on IL-1β levels (mean Z-score difference, 0.66 [95% confidence interval 0.32–1.01]) in girls, but not in boys. A lower number of girls in the exercise group showed a meaningful reduction in IL-1β (i.e., ≥0.2 standard deviations) than in the control group (15% vs. 85%, p = 0.01).
Conclusions
This exercise programme failed to improve the inflammatory profile in prepubertal children with overweight/obesity. Future studies should explore the effect of longer exercise interventions and in combination with diet.
{"title":"Effects of combined aerobic and resistance training on the inflammatory profile of children with overweight/obesity: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Jose J. Gil-Cosano, Abel Plaza-Florido, Luis Gracia-Marco, Jairo H. Migueles, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Marcos Olvera-Rojas, Esther Ubago-Guisado, Idoia Labayen, Alejandro Lucia, Francisco B. Ortega","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13152","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13152","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We assessed the effects of a 20-week combined (aerobic and resistance) exercise training programme on the inflammatory profile of prepubertal children with overweight or obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Totally 109 participants (10.1 ± 1.1 years, 41% girls) were randomly allocated to an exercise or control group. Adiponectin, C-reactive protein, epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, leptin, tumour necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) were analysed in plasma. Total white blood cell (WBC) count and immune subpopulations (eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes) were also determined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No intervention effect was found for any of the analysed biomarkers (all <i>p</i> ≥ 0.05). We observed a significant sex by intervention interaction for IL-1β (<i>p</i> = 0.03). When stratifying the sample by sex, the exercise programme induced a significant effect on IL-1β levels (mean <i>Z</i>-score difference, 0.66 [95% confidence interval 0.32–1.01]) in girls, but not in boys. A lower number of girls in the exercise group showed a meaningful reduction in IL-1β (i.e., ≥0.2 standard deviations) than in the control group (15% vs. 85%, <i>p</i> = 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This exercise programme failed to improve the inflammatory profile in prepubertal children with overweight/obesity. Future studies should explore the effect of longer exercise interventions and in combination with diet.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13152","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141858462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander Lepe, Tamool A. S. Muhamed, Sijmen A. Reijneveld, Marlou L. A. de Kroon
Background
Socioeconomic inequalities contribute to childhood overweight. Identifying mediators could help reduce these inequalities.
Objective
We assessed to what extent and how parental health literacy and health behaviours mediate the relationship between parental socioeconomic status and childhood overweight.
Methods
Data were taken from the multigenerational prospective Dutch Lifelines Cohort Study. We included 6683 children, baseline age 9.8 years (SD = 2.6), with an average follow-up of 36.2 months (SD = 9.3). Overweight was defined using age- and sex-specific cut-offs. Three indicators of socioeconomic status were included: education, income and occupation. We assessed the mediating role of parental health literacy and health behaviours (smoking, diet, physical activity and alcohol) using causal mediation.
Results
Four additional years of education and an SD-increase in both income and occupation decreased the odds of childhood overweight by 42%, 12% and 20%, respectively. Only parental smoking independently mediated the relationship of both education (6.6%) and occupation (5.7%) with overweight. Parental health behaviours jointly explained 8.4% (education), 19.4% (income) and 9.8% (occupation) per relationship. Lastly, adding parental health literacy explained 10.8% (education), 27.4% (income) and 13.3% (occupation) of these relationships.
Conclusions
We found large socioeconomic inequalities in childhood overweight. Remarkably, parental smoking was a key mediator. Therefore, prevention targeting smoking may reduce socioeconomic inequalities in childhood overweight.
{"title":"Mediation by parent health literacy and behaviour of socioeconomic inequality in child overweight","authors":"Alexander Lepe, Tamool A. S. Muhamed, Sijmen A. Reijneveld, Marlou L. A. de Kroon","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13156","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13156","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Socioeconomic inequalities contribute to childhood overweight. Identifying mediators could help reduce these inequalities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We assessed to what extent and how parental health literacy and health behaviours mediate the relationship between parental socioeconomic status and childhood overweight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were taken from the multigenerational prospective Dutch Lifelines Cohort Study. We included 6683 children, baseline age 9.8 years (SD = 2.6), with an average follow-up of 36.2 months (SD = 9.3). Overweight was defined using age- and sex-specific cut-offs. Three indicators of socioeconomic status were included: education, income and occupation. We assessed the mediating role of parental health literacy and health behaviours (smoking, diet, physical activity and alcohol) using causal mediation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four additional years of education and an SD-increase in both income and occupation decreased the odds of childhood overweight by 42%, 12% and 20%, respectively. Only parental smoking independently mediated the relationship of both education (6.6%) and occupation (5.7%) with overweight. Parental health behaviours jointly explained 8.4% (education), 19.4% (income) and 9.8% (occupation) per relationship. Lastly, adding parental health literacy explained 10.8% (education), 27.4% (income) and 13.3% (occupation) of these relationships.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found large socioeconomic inequalities in childhood overweight. Remarkably, parental smoking was a key mediator. Therefore, prevention targeting smoking may reduce socioeconomic inequalities in childhood overweight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141791444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcos Olvera-Rojas, Abel Plaza-Florido, Patricio Solis-Urra, Francisco J. Osuna-Prieto, Francisco B. Ortega
Objective
Children with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) exhibit poor cardiometabolic health, yet mechanisms influencing brain health remain unclear. We examined the differences in neurological-related circulating proteins in plasma among children with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) and the association with metabolic syndrome markers.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we included 84 Caucasian children (39% girls), aged 10.1 ± 1.1 years, from the ActiveBrains project (NCT02295072). A ninety-two-protein targeted approach using Olink's® technology was used.
Results
We identified distinct concentrations of CD38, LAIR2, MANF and NRP2 proteins in MHO compared with MUO. Moreover, individual metabolic syndrome (MS) markers were linked to nine proteins (CD38, CPM, EDA2R, IL12, JAMB, KYNU, LAYN, MSR1 and SMOC2) in children with OW/OB. These proteins play crucial roles in diverse biological processes (e.g., angiogenesis, cholesterol transport, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) catalysis and maintenance of blood–brain barrier) related to brain health.
Conclusion
Our proteomics study suggests that cardiometabolic health (represented by MHO/MUO or individual MS markers) is associated with the concentration in plasma of several proteins involved in brain health. Larger-scale studies are needed to contrast/confirm these findings, with CD38 standing out as a particularly noteworthy and robust discovery.
{"title":"Neurological-related proteomic profiling in plasma of children with metabolic healthy and unhealthy overweight/obesity","authors":"Marcos Olvera-Rojas, Abel Plaza-Florido, Patricio Solis-Urra, Francisco J. Osuna-Prieto, Francisco B. Ortega","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13155","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13155","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) exhibit poor cardiometabolic health, yet mechanisms influencing brain health remain unclear. We examined the differences in neurological-related circulating proteins in plasma among children with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) and the association with metabolic syndrome markers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this cross-sectional study, we included 84 Caucasian children (39% girls), aged 10.1 ± 1.1 years, from the ActiveBrains project (NCT02295072). A ninety-two-protein targeted approach using Olink's® technology was used.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified distinct concentrations of CD38, LAIR2, MANF and NRP2 proteins in MHO compared with MUO. Moreover, individual metabolic syndrome (MS) markers were linked to nine proteins (CD38, CPM, EDA2R, IL12, JAMB, KYNU, LAYN, MSR1 and SMOC2) in children with OW/OB. These proteins play crucial roles in diverse biological processes (e.g., angiogenesis, cholesterol transport, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) catalysis and maintenance of blood–brain barrier) related to brain health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our proteomics study suggests that cardiometabolic health (represented by MHO/MUO or individual MS markers) is associated with the concentration in plasma of several proteins involved in brain health. Larger-scale studies are needed to contrast/confirm these findings, with CD38 standing out as a particularly noteworthy and robust discovery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13155","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141791484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pasquale E. Rummo, Carla Seet, Alexandria E. Reimold, Emily W. Duffy, Carmen E. Prestemon, Marissa G. Hall, Marie A. Bragg, Lindsey Smith Taillie
Background
Nudges offer a promising tool to reduce sugary drink intake among children who are most at risk for diet-related disease.
Objective
To examine the impact of online store nudges on purchases of sugary drinks for children in lower-income households.
Methods
Caregivers with lower-income were recruited to an online shopping experiment and instructed to spend $10–$30 on three beverages for their child aged 1–5 years. Participants were randomized to navigate an online supermarket in its standard version (n = 1106) or a version with nudges (n = 1135), including a product placement nudge (i.e. placing healthy beverages in prominent positions) and a swap nudge (i.e. offering a swap of water, plain milk and/or 100% fruit juice upon selection of sugary drinks).
Results
On average, participants purchased 1887 (SD = 2113) and 620 (SD = 1528) calories from sugary drinks per basket in the control and experimental conditions, respectively. Model-based results indicate that those in the experimental condition purchased 1267 (95% CI: 1419, 1114) fewer calories from sugary drinks, and fewer grams of total sugar (β = −253.5 g (95% CI: −286.3, −220.6)) and added sugar (β = −287.8 g (95% CI: −323.1, −252.5)) purchased from sugary drinks.
Conclusion
Nudges may be an effective, acceptable, scalable strategy for leading caregivers in lower-income households to purchase fewer sugary drinks for their children.
{"title":"Online retail nudges to help parents with lower-income choose healthy beverages for their children: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Pasquale E. Rummo, Carla Seet, Alexandria E. Reimold, Emily W. Duffy, Carmen E. Prestemon, Marissa G. Hall, Marie A. Bragg, Lindsey Smith Taillie","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13150","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13150","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nudges offer a promising tool to reduce sugary drink intake among children who are most at risk for diet-related disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine the impact of online store nudges on purchases of sugary drinks for children in lower-income households.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Caregivers with lower-income were recruited to an online shopping experiment and instructed to spend $10–$30 on three beverages for their child aged 1–5 years. Participants were randomized to navigate an online supermarket in its standard version (<i>n</i> = 1106) or a version with nudges (<i>n</i> = 1135), including a product placement nudge (i.e. placing healthy beverages in prominent positions) and a swap nudge (i.e. offering a swap of water, plain milk and/or 100% fruit juice upon selection of sugary drinks).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>On average, participants purchased 1887 (SD = 2113) and 620 (SD = 1528) calories from sugary drinks per basket in the control and experimental conditions, respectively. Model-based results indicate that those in the experimental condition purchased 1267 (95% CI: 1419, 1114) fewer calories from sugary drinks, and fewer grams of total sugar (<i>β</i> = −253.5 g (95% CI: −286.3, −220.6)) and added sugar (<i>β</i> = −287.8 g (95% CI: −323.1, −252.5)) purchased from sugary drinks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nudges may be an effective, acceptable, scalable strategy for leading caregivers in lower-income households to purchase fewer sugary drinks for their children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141589060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhila Semnani-Azad, Mohammad L. Rahman, Melina Arguin, Myriam Doyon, Patrice Perron, Luigi Bouchard, Marie-France Hivert
Objective
This study identified metabolite modules associated with adiposity and body fat distribution in childhood using gold-standard measurements.
Methods
We used cross-sectional data from 329 children at mid-childhood (age 5.3 ± 0.3 years; BMI 15.7 ± 1.5 kg/m2) from the Genetics of Glucose regulation in Gestation and Growth (Gen3G), a prospective pre-birth cohort. We quantified 1038 plasma metabolites and measured body composition using the gold-standard dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), in addition to skinfold, waist circumference, and BMI. We applied weighted-correlation network analysis to identify a network of highly correlated metabolite modules. Spearman's partial correlations were applied to determine the associations of adiposity with metabolite modules and individual metabolites with false discovery rate (FDR) correction.
Results
We identified a ‘green’ module of 120 metabolites, primarily comprised of lipids (mostly sphingomyelins and phosphatidylcholine), that showed positive correlations (all FDR p < 0.05) with DXA estimates of total and truncal fat (ρadjusted = 0.11–0.19), skinfold measures (ρadjusted = 0.09–0.26), and BMI and waist circumference (ρadjusted = 0.15 and 0.18, respectively). These correlations were similar when stratified by sex. Within this module, sphingomyelin (d18:2/14:0, d18:1/14:1)*, a sphingomyelin sub-specie that is an important component of cell membranes, showed the strongest associations.
Conclusions
A module of metabolites was associated with adiposity measures in childhood.
{"title":"Plasma metabolomic profile of adiposity and body composition in childhood: The Genetics of Glucose regulation in Gestation and Growth cohort","authors":"Zhila Semnani-Azad, Mohammad L. Rahman, Melina Arguin, Myriam Doyon, Patrice Perron, Luigi Bouchard, Marie-France Hivert","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13149","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13149","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identified metabolite modules associated with adiposity and body fat distribution in childhood using gold-standard measurements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used cross-sectional data from 329 children at mid-childhood (age 5.3 ± 0.3 years; BMI 15.7 ± 1.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) from the Genetics of Glucose regulation in Gestation and Growth (Gen3G), a prospective pre-birth cohort. We quantified 1038 plasma metabolites and measured body composition using the gold-standard dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), in addition to skinfold, waist circumference, and BMI. We applied weighted-correlation network analysis to identify a network of highly correlated metabolite modules. Spearman's partial correlations were applied to determine the associations of adiposity with metabolite modules and individual metabolites with false discovery rate (FDR) correction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified a ‘green’ module of 120 metabolites, primarily comprised of lipids (mostly sphingomyelins and phosphatidylcholine), that showed positive correlations (all FDR <i>p</i> < 0.05) with DXA estimates of total and truncal fat (<i>ρ</i><sub>adjusted</sub> = 0.11–0.19), skinfold measures (<i>ρ</i><sub>adjusted</sub> = 0.09–0.26), and BMI and waist circumference (<i>ρ</i><sub>adjusted</sub> = 0.15 and 0.18, respectively). These correlations were similar when stratified by sex. Within this module, sphingomyelin (d18:2/14:0, d18:1/14:1)*, a sphingomyelin sub-specie that is an important component of cell membranes, showed the strongest associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A module of metabolites was associated with adiposity measures in childhood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141490263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cara C. Tomaso, Tiffany D. James, Rebecca L. Brock, Amy L. Yaroch, Jennie L. Hill, Terry T. Huang, Jennifer M. Nelson, W. Alex Mason, Kimberly A. Espy, Timothy D. Nelson
Background
Executive control and temperament have been associated with pediatric obesity. However, interactions between these constructs in relation to future weight outcomes have not been investigated.
Objective
This longitudinal study examined early childhood executive control, early temperament (negative affectivity and surgency), and their interactions as predictors of adolescent BMI trajectories.
Methods
At age 5.25, children (N = 229) completed executive control tasks, and parents completed the Child Behavior Questionnaire to assess temperament. BMI was calculated annually between ages 14–17.
Results
Greater early negative affectivity predicted more positive BMI growth. Although early childhood executive control was not associated with BMI growth, greater negative affectivity predicted greater BMI escalation at average and below average executive control abilities.
Conclusions
For children without robust executive control abilities early in development, negative affectivity may be a risk factor for accelerated adolescent BMI growth. Targeted assessment of early risk factors may be useful for childhood obesity prevention efforts.
{"title":"Early childhood executive control modulates negative affectivity's role in increasing adolescent body mass index trajectories","authors":"Cara C. Tomaso, Tiffany D. James, Rebecca L. Brock, Amy L. Yaroch, Jennie L. Hill, Terry T. Huang, Jennifer M. Nelson, W. Alex Mason, Kimberly A. Espy, Timothy D. Nelson","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13144","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13144","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Executive control and temperament have been associated with pediatric obesity. However, interactions between these constructs in relation to future weight outcomes have not been investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This longitudinal study examined early childhood executive control, early temperament (negative affectivity and surgency), and their interactions as predictors of adolescent BMI trajectories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At age 5.25, children (<i>N</i> = 229) completed executive control tasks, and parents completed the Child Behavior Questionnaire to assess temperament. BMI was calculated annually between ages 14–17.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Greater early negative affectivity predicted more positive BMI growth. Although early childhood executive control was not associated with BMI growth, greater negative affectivity predicted greater BMI escalation at average and below average executive control abilities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For children without robust executive control abilities early in development, negative affectivity may be a risk factor for accelerated adolescent BMI growth. Targeted assessment of early risk factors may be useful for childhood obesity prevention efforts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141454212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emma Kenney, Edward A. Frongillo, Kerry L. McIver, Marsha Dowda, Russell R. Pate
Background
The prevalence of childhood obesity in the U.S. has increased, likely due to decreased physical activity, increased sedentary behaviour and unhealthy diets. Little is known about the relationships between these factors and weight gain in those under the age of three.
Objectives
This study aimed to understand the longitudinal associations of weight gain over 6-month intervals with child and parent characteristics as children develop from 6 to 36 months.
Methods
Mother and infant data were collected at 6-month intervals from 6 to 36 months. Weight (kg) was the primary outcome variable, and potential explanatory variables included child and parent characteristics, physical activity, motor development, diet and sleep. Structural equation modelling was used to assess associations between explanatory variables and 6-month weight gain.
Results
Weight increased ~1 kg per 6-month interval (p < 0.001) from 6 to 36 months. Childcare outside of the home at 12 months was associated with 0.272 kg (p = 0.002) greater weight gain at 18 months, while children's physical activity was associated with 0.228 kg (per 2 SD, p = 0.051) less weight gain during the same time period. Mother's TV and screen media use (0.102 kg per hour/day, p = 0.046) and child's intake of high-energy beverages at 18 months (0.387 kg, p = 0.037) were both associated with greater weight gain at 24 months.
Conclusion
Childcare, physical activity, screen media use and high-energy beverage consumption might affect weight gain at different time points in early childhood. These insights can inform efforts to prevent excessive weight gain and childhood obesity effectively.
{"title":"Child and mother characteristics associated with 6-month weight gain for infants and toddlers during 6 to 36 months","authors":"Emma Kenney, Edward A. Frongillo, Kerry L. McIver, Marsha Dowda, Russell R. Pate","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13148","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13148","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of childhood obesity in the U.S. has increased, likely due to decreased physical activity, increased sedentary behaviour and unhealthy diets. Little is known about the relationships between these factors and weight gain in those under the age of three.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to understand the longitudinal associations of weight gain over 6-month intervals with child and parent characteristics as children develop from 6 to 36 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mother and infant data were collected at 6-month intervals from 6 to 36 months. Weight (kg) was the primary outcome variable, and potential explanatory variables included child and parent characteristics, physical activity, motor development, diet and sleep. Structural equation modelling was used to assess associations between explanatory variables and 6-month weight gain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Weight increased ~1 kg per 6-month interval (<i>p</i> < 0.001) from 6 to 36 months. Childcare outside of the home at 12 months was associated with 0.272 kg (<i>p</i> = 0.002) greater weight gain at 18 months, while children's physical activity was associated with 0.228 kg (per 2 SD, <i>p</i> = 0.051) less weight gain during the same time period. Mother's TV and screen media use (0.102 kg per hour/day, <i>p</i> = 0.046) and child's intake of high-energy beverages at 18 months (0.387 kg, <i>p</i> = 0.037) were both associated with greater weight gain at 24 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Childcare, physical activity, screen media use and high-energy beverage consumption might affect weight gain at different time points in early childhood. These insights can inform efforts to prevent excessive weight gain and childhood obesity effectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141454211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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