Armando Peña, Micah L. Olson, Mary Beth Putz, Abu Bakkar Siddique, Elvia Lish, Monica Diaz, Stephanie L. Ayers, J. Mac McCullough, Allison Williams, Donald L. Patrick, Gabriel Q. Shaibi
Objective
Lifestyle intervention is a cost-effective approach for preventing type 2 diabetes among adults with prediabetes. The purpose of this study was to examine the cost and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of an intensive lifestyle intervention compared with usual care among youth with prediabetes.
Methods
Latino youth ages 12–16 years with obesity and prediabetes were randomised to a 6-month lifestyle intervention (INT, N = 79) or usual care (UC, N = 38). Between-group difference in change in 2-h post-challenge glucose was non-significant at 6 months (7.2 mg/dL; 95% CI, −5.3, 19.7) and 12 months (0.3 mg/dL; 95% CI, −14.1, 14.5). Cost and ICERs were calculated from health care, family and total societal (health care plus family) perspectives in 2019 US Dollars. The study was conducted from May 2016 to March 2020.
Results
The estimated societal cost per participant was $1935.21 (95% CI, $1583.12, $2315.05) for the INT and $234.20 ($190.71, $278.61) for the UC during the first 6 months. During the entire 12 months of the trial, the societal cost per participant increased to $468.40 ($379.19, $568.37) for the UC, but there were no additional costs for the INT. The ICER for 2-h glucose for the INT compared with the UC was $222.78 and $4816.57 per mg/dL at 6 and 12 months.
Conclusions
Among Latino youth with prediabetes, an intensive lifestyle intervention resulted in a nonsignificant reduction in 2-h glucose at a higher cost compared with usual care.
目的：生活方式干预是预防成人糖尿病前期2型糖尿病的一种经济有效的方法。本研究的目的是检查强化生活方式干预与常规护理在青少年糖尿病前期患者中的成本和增量成本-效果比（ICER）。方法：年龄12-16岁的拉美裔肥胖和前驱糖尿病青年被随机分为6个月的生活方式干预组（INT, N = 79）或常规护理组（UC, N = 38）。6个月时攻毒后2小时血糖变化组间差异无统计学意义(7.2 mg/dL；95% CI, -5.3, 19.7)和12个月(0.3 mg/dL；95% ci, -14.1, 14.5)。成本和ICERs以2019年美元为单位，从医疗保健、家庭和社会总（医疗保健加家庭）的角度计算。该研究于2016年5月至2020年3月进行。结果：在前6个月，每个参与者的估计社会成本为INT为1935.21美元（95% CI， 1583.12美元，2315.05美元），UC为234.20美元（190.71美元，278.61美元）。在整个12个月的试验中，UC的每个参与者的社会成本增加到468.40美元（379.19美元，568.37美元），但INT没有额外的成本。6个月和12个月时，与UC相比，INT组2小时葡萄糖的ICER为222.78美元/ mg/dL和4816.57美元/ mg/dL。结论：在患有前驱糖尿病的拉丁裔青年中，与常规护理相比，强化生活方式干预导致2小时血糖降低不显著，但成本较高。
{"title":"Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention Versus Usual Care for Latino Youth With Prediabetes","authors":"Armando Peña, Micah L. Olson, Mary Beth Putz, Abu Bakkar Siddique, Elvia Lish, Monica Diaz, Stephanie L. Ayers, J. Mac McCullough, Allison Williams, Donald L. Patrick, Gabriel Q. Shaibi","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70046","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lifestyle intervention is a cost-effective approach for preventing type 2 diabetes among adults with prediabetes. The purpose of this study was to examine the cost and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of an intensive lifestyle intervention compared with usual care among youth with prediabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Latino youth ages 12–16 years with obesity and prediabetes were randomised to a 6-month lifestyle intervention (INT, <i>N</i> = 79) or usual care (UC, <i>N</i> = 38). Between-group difference in change in 2-h post-challenge glucose was non-significant at 6 months (7.2 mg/dL; 95% CI, −5.3, 19.7) and 12 months (0.3 mg/dL; 95% CI, −14.1, 14.5). Cost and ICERs were calculated from health care, family and total societal (health care plus family) perspectives in 2019 US Dollars. The study was conducted from May 2016 to March 2020.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The estimated societal cost per participant was $1935.21 (95% CI, $1583.12, $2315.05) for the INT and $234.20 ($190.71, $278.61) for the UC during the first 6 months. During the entire 12 months of the trial, the societal cost per participant increased to $468.40 ($379.19, $568.37) for the UC, but there were no additional costs for the INT. The ICER for 2-h glucose for the INT compared with the UC was $222.78 and $4816.57 per mg/dL at 6 and 12 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among Latino youth with prediabetes, an intensive lifestyle intervention resulted in a nonsignificant reduction in 2-h glucose at a higher cost compared with usual care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.70046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cynthia L. Ogden, Samuel D. Emmerich, Bryan Stierman, Te-Ching Chen, Alan E. Simon, David S. Freedman, Matt Jans, Cheryl D. Fryar, Jason Clark, Minsun Riddles, Lara J. Akinbami
Background
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey provides nationally representative data on child obesity using measured height and weight. Due to COVID-19, the NHANES August 2021–August 2023 cycle had design changes and smaller sample sizes for certain race/Hispanic origin groups. The objective is to explore sex and race/Hispanic origin-specific childhood obesity trends.
Methods
Trends from 1999 or 2007 to August 2023 were evaluated in regression models. Obesity was defined as BMI-for-age ≥ 95th percentile.
Results
Analyses included 28 666 youth 2–19 years. From 2007 to August 2023, obesity prevalence increased among Hispanic girls (p = 0.03) but not Hispanic boys (p = 0.06). From 1999 to August 2023, obesity increased among non-Hispanic White (White) boys (p = 0.02) and non-Hispanic Black (Black) girls (p = 0.04), but not White girls (p = 0.10). Among Black boys only, a quadratic trend (p = 0.03) was found, driven by an obesity increase between 2017–2018 and August 2021–August 2023, from 19.4% to 38.1% (p < 0.01).
Conclusions
Obesity increased among Hispanic girls, White boys, and Black girls. The prevalence increased in Black boys too, but the magnitude of increase from 2017 to August 2023 appears implausible. Small August 2021–August 2023 sample sizes for Black youth could have exacerbated unmeasured sampling variation. Continued surveillance will provide context for interpreting estimates.
{"title":"Obesity Among Children and Adolescents in NHANES August 2021–August 2023: An Examination of Race/Hispanic Origin Subgroup Estimates","authors":"Cynthia L. Ogden, Samuel D. Emmerich, Bryan Stierman, Te-Ching Chen, Alan E. Simon, David S. Freedman, Matt Jans, Cheryl D. Fryar, Jason Clark, Minsun Riddles, Lara J. Akinbami","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey provides nationally representative data on child obesity using measured height and weight. Due to COVID-19, the NHANES August 2021–August 2023 cycle had design changes and smaller sample sizes for certain race/Hispanic origin groups. The objective is to explore sex and race/Hispanic origin-specific childhood obesity trends.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Trends from 1999 or 2007 to August 2023 were evaluated in regression models. Obesity was defined as BMI-for-age ≥ 95th percentile.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analyses included 28 666 youth 2–19 years. From 2007 to August 2023, obesity prevalence increased among Hispanic girls (<i>p</i> = 0.03) but not Hispanic boys (<i>p</i> = 0.06). From 1999 to August 2023, obesity increased among non-Hispanic White (White) boys (<i>p</i> = 0.02) and non-Hispanic Black (Black) girls (<i>p</i> = 0.04), but not White girls (<i>p</i> = 0.10). Among Black boys only, a quadratic trend (<i>p</i> = 0.03) was found, driven by an obesity increase between 2017–2018 and August 2021–August 2023, from 19.4% to 38.1% (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity increased among Hispanic girls, White boys, and Black girls. The prevalence increased in Black boys too, but the magnitude of increase from 2017 to August 2023 appears implausible. Small August 2021–August 2023 sample sizes for Black youth could have exacerbated unmeasured sampling variation. Continued surveillance will provide context for interpreting estimates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gail Woodward-Lopez, Alexander C. McLain, Edward A. Frongillo, Natalie Colabianchi, Vicki Collie-Akers, Lorrene D. Ritchie
Background
To reverse the epidemic of unhealthy eating and related chronic disease in the United States, intervening early in life is essential.
Objective
Identify features of community- and school-based programmes, policies and environments related to child intake of fruits and vegetables (FV) and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB).
Methods
Dietary intake of children 4–15 years old (n = 5138) from elementary and middle schools in 130 US communities was collected by survey (of parent and/or child) in 2013–2015. Features of community programs and policies (CPPs) and school environments were collected by staff surveys, direct observation, key informant interviews, and/or document review. Community characteristics included socioeconomic status and predominant race/ethnicity. Classification and regression trees identified CPP and school environment features related to child dietary intake.
Results
Community sociodemographic characteristics were the first-selected variables related to child intakes. Children in communities with lower socioeconomic status and larger proportions of African Americans tended to have lower FV and higher SSB intakes. Associations of dietary intake with race/ethnicity varied with SES. CPPs that addressed certain social determinants of health were related to higher FV intake among community race/ethnicity–SES sub-groups. Few other CPPs and no school environment characteristics were related to child FV or SSB intake.
Conclusion
Findings suggest the importance of addressing social determinants of health such as education, poverty and transportation to reduce disparities in dietary intake, and the need to tailor interventions to community characteristics. More research is needed to explore the interaction of race/ethnicity and SES on dietary intake and intervention effectiveness.
{"title":"Community and School Programs, Policies and Environments Related to Child Dietary Intake:The Healthy Communities Study","authors":"Gail Woodward-Lopez, Alexander C. McLain, Edward A. Frongillo, Natalie Colabianchi, Vicki Collie-Akers, Lorrene D. Ritchie","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70043","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To reverse the epidemic of unhealthy eating and related chronic disease in the United States, intervening early in life is essential.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Identify features of community- and school-based programmes, policies and environments related to child intake of fruits and vegetables (FV) and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dietary intake of children 4–15 years old (<i>n</i> = 5138) from elementary and middle schools in 130 US communities was collected by survey (of parent and/or child) in 2013–2015. Features of community programs and policies (CPPs) and school environments were collected by staff surveys, direct observation, key informant interviews, and/or document review. Community characteristics included socioeconomic status and predominant race/ethnicity. Classification and regression trees identified CPP and school environment features related to child dietary intake.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Community sociodemographic characteristics were the first-selected variables related to child intakes. Children in communities with lower socioeconomic status and larger proportions of African Americans tended to have lower FV and higher SSB intakes. Associations of dietary intake with race/ethnicity varied with SES. CPPs that addressed certain social determinants of health were related to higher FV intake among community race/ethnicity–SES sub-groups. Few other CPPs and no school environment characteristics were related to child FV or SSB intake.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings suggest the importance of addressing social determinants of health such as education, poverty and transportation to reduce disparities in dietary intake, and the need to tailor interventions to community characteristics. More research is needed to explore the interaction of race/ethnicity and SES on dietary intake and intervention effectiveness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.70043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zachary Ballinger, Jonathan Green, Muriel Cleary, Kaitlyn Wong, Nicole Cherng, Jeremy Aidlen
Objective
To evaluate disparities in paediatric metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) and examine the effects of recent policy changes on access and outcomes.
Study Design
Adolescents aged 10–18 who underwent MBS between 2017 and 2023 were identified using the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP) Participant Use Files. Trends by race and ethnicity and clinical outcomes were assessed using univariate comparisons and multivariable logistic regression.
Results
A total of 4940 paediatric patients underwent MBS from 2017 to 2023. The cohort was 71% female, 60% white, and had a mean age of 17.1 years. Female representation declined by approximately 1.1% annually. Hispanic patients comprised 32% of cases, with an average yearly increase of 1.1%. Black patient representation increased from 14% in 2017 to 24% in 2023. Asian, American Indian, and Pacific Islander patients accounted for only 1.5% of cases. Black patients were younger, had higher preoperative BMIs, and more frequently presented with comorbidities including diabetes and sleep apnoea. Hispanic patients had higher rates of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and sleep apnoea than non-Hispanics. Robotic procedures were more common among Black patients, while Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was more frequent among white patients. Surgical outcomes were similar across racial groups. However, multivariable analysis showed that female patients had increased odds of postoperative complications and emergency department (ED) visits (aOR 1.54 and 2.74, respectively), and Hispanic patients had higher odds of ED visits (aOR 1.32).
Conclusions
While MBS use is diversifying, disparities persist. Black and Hispanic youth face higher comorbidity burdens, indicating possible delayed access to surgery.
{"title":"Racial Disparities in Paediatric Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: An MBSAQIP Analysis","authors":"Zachary Ballinger, Jonathan Green, Muriel Cleary, Kaitlyn Wong, Nicole Cherng, Jeremy Aidlen","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70045","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate disparities in paediatric metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) and examine the effects of recent policy changes on access and outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescents aged 10–18 who underwent MBS between 2017 and 2023 were identified using the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP) Participant Use Files. Trends by race and ethnicity and clinical outcomes were assessed using univariate comparisons and multivariable logistic regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 4940 paediatric patients underwent MBS from 2017 to 2023. The cohort was 71% female, 60% white, and had a mean age of 17.1 years. Female representation declined by approximately 1.1% annually. Hispanic patients comprised 32% of cases, with an average yearly increase of 1.1%. Black patient representation increased from 14% in 2017 to 24% in 2023. Asian, American Indian, and Pacific Islander patients accounted for only 1.5% of cases. Black patients were younger, had higher preoperative BMIs, and more frequently presented with comorbidities including diabetes and sleep apnoea. Hispanic patients had higher rates of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and sleep apnoea than non-Hispanics. Robotic procedures were more common among Black patients, while Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was more frequent among white patients. Surgical outcomes were similar across racial groups. However, multivariable analysis showed that female patients had increased odds of postoperative complications and emergency department (ED) visits (aOR 1.54 and 2.74, respectively), and Hispanic patients had higher odds of ED visits (aOR 1.32).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While MBS use is diversifying, disparities persist. Black and Hispanic youth face higher comorbidity burdens, indicating possible delayed access to surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The weight impact of caffeine and nicotine use by adolescents, unlike adults, has not been conclusively determined. The prevalence of obesity among adolescents, especially in vulnerable populations such as refugee adolescents, is a crucial public health concern. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of central obesity and its associated risk factors among refugee adolescents.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 on refugee teenagers aged 11–15 in four refugee camps in West Bank. Data was collected through surveys and anthropometric measurements to assess waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index. Statistical analyses evaluated the relationship between caffeine and nicotine use and central obesity measures while accounting for potential confounders.
Results
A total of 454 participants (51.3% boys, 48.7% girls) were included in the study. The median age was 14.49 years, with a median BMI of 21.7. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 24% and 21.1%, respectively. 14.1% had high waist circumferences. The study found significant associations between central obesity and cigarette smoking (p = 0.03), waterpipe smoking (p = 0.008) and energy drink (p = 0.016) and coffee (p = 0.027) consumption. Adjusted multiple logistic regression revealed an association between overweight status and energy drink consumption (AOR = 3.035, p = 0.009) and the interaction between energy drink and coffee consumption (AOR = 3.924, p = 0.010). Obese status showed a significant association with waterpipe smoking (AOR = 2.975, p = 0.021).
Conclusion
Obesity is a significant health concern among Palestinian refugee adolescents, with various factors contributing to its prevalence. Central obesity, in particular, is associated with increased health risks, emphasising the importance of identifying its determinants, including caffeine and nicotine use among adolescents.
背景：与成年人不同，青少年使用咖啡因和尼古丁对体重的影响尚未得到最终确定。青少年，特别是难民青少年等弱势群体中肥胖的流行是一个重要的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在调查难民青少年中中心性肥胖的患病率及其相关危险因素。方法：本横断面研究于2022年对西岸四个难民营中11-15岁的难民青少年进行。数据收集通过调查和人体测量来评估腰围，腰臀比和身体质量指数。统计分析评估了咖啡因和尼古丁使用与中枢性肥胖测量之间的关系，同时考虑了潜在的混杂因素。结果：共纳入454名参与者（51.3%的男孩，48.7%的女孩）。中位年龄为14.49岁，中位BMI为21.7。超重和肥胖的患病率分别为24%和21.1%。14.1%的人腰围高。研究发现，中心性肥胖与吸烟（p = 0.03）、吸烟（p = 0.008）、饮用能量饮料（p = 0.016）和咖啡（p = 0.027）之间存在显著关联。调整后的多元logistic回归显示，超重状态与能量饮料消费之间存在相关性（AOR = 3.035, p = 0.009），能量饮料与咖啡消费之间存在交互作用（AOR = 3.924, p = 0.010）。肥胖状况与水烟吸烟有显著相关性（AOR = 2.975, p = 0.021）。结论：肥胖是巴勒斯坦难民青少年的一个重大健康问题，其流行有多种因素。特别是中心性肥胖与健康风险增加有关，强调了确定其决定因素的重要性，包括青少年对咖啡因和尼古丁的使用。
{"title":"Association Between Caffeine and Nicotine Use and Optimal Obesity Measures for Adolescents: A Refugee Adolescent Study","authors":"Basma Damiri, Hamza Abdul-Hafez, Motaz Saifi","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70042","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The weight impact of caffeine and nicotine use by adolescents, unlike adults, has not been conclusively determined. The prevalence of obesity among adolescents, especially in vulnerable populations such as refugee adolescents, is a crucial public health concern. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of central obesity and its associated risk factors among refugee adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 on refugee teenagers aged 11–15 in four refugee camps in West Bank. Data was collected through surveys and anthropometric measurements to assess waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index. Statistical analyses evaluated the relationship between caffeine and nicotine use and central obesity measures while accounting for potential confounders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 454 participants (51.3% boys, 48.7% girls) were included in the study. The median age was 14.49 years, with a median BMI of 21.7. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 24% and 21.1%, respectively. 14.1% had high waist circumferences. The study found significant associations between central obesity and cigarette smoking (<i>p</i> = 0.03), waterpipe smoking (<i>p</i> = 0.008) and energy drink (<i>p</i> = 0.016) and coffee (<i>p</i> = 0.027) consumption. Adjusted multiple logistic regression revealed an association between overweight status and energy drink consumption (AOR = 3.035, <i>p</i> = 0.009) and the interaction between energy drink and coffee consumption (AOR = 3.924, <i>p</i> = 0.010). Obese status showed a significant association with waterpipe smoking (AOR = 2.975, <i>p</i> = 0.021).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity is a significant health concern among Palestinian refugee adolescents, with various factors contributing to its prevalence. Central obesity, in particular, is associated with increased health risks, emphasising the importance of identifying its determinants, including caffeine and nicotine use among adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The epidemiological and sociocultural context of Indian adolescents is rapidly changing, thus affecting their eating behaviours and increasing overweight and obesity prevalence.
Objectives
The current study was aimed at exploring associations of problematic eating behaviours and self-concept with overweight/obesity in adolescents.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in six schools in Punjab, India, and enrolled 538 randomly selected adolescents aged 10–16 years. The cut-off of > 23rd adult equivalent BMI for overweight/obesity and < 23rd adult equivalent for healthy weight (IAP, 2015) was used. The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire Revised 18-item version and Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale were used. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to quantify linear relationships among eating behaviours, self-concept and BMI-based weight status. An independent t-test was applied to determine eating behaviour and self-concept variations.
Results
Eating behaviour such as cognitive restraint showed a statistically significant positive correlation with BMI in adolescents (p ≤ 0.001). Higher cognitive restraint significantly increased the probability of being overweight/obese (odds ratio [OR] = 1.153; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.097–1.211). Physical appearance (PHY) and happiness and satisfaction (HAP) domains of adolescents' self-concept showed a significant negative correlation with BMI. In girls, the domain of social acceptance (SOC) showed a significant negative correlation with BMI.
Conclusion
The study highlights the relationship of overweight/obesity with certain aspects of problematic eating behaviours as well as self-concept in adolescents. These findings warrant further longitudinal studies to establish causality, which may provide a comprehensive understanding of the epidemic of adolescent overweight/obesity in India.
背景：印度青少年的流行病学和社会文化背景正在迅速变化，从而影响了他们的饮食行为，增加了超重和肥胖的患病率。目的：本研究旨在探讨青少年问题饮食行为和自我概念与超重/肥胖的关系。方法：本横断面研究在印度旁遮普省的6所学校进行，随机抽取538名10-16岁的青少年。结果：青少年的饮食行为如认知约束与BMI呈统计学显著正相关（p≤0.001）。较高的认知约束显著增加超重/肥胖的概率(优势比[OR] = 1.153；95%置信区间[CI] 1.097-1.211)。青少年自我概念的外形（Physical appearance， PHY）和快乐与满意（happiness and satisfaction， HAP）域与BMI呈显著负相关。在女孩中，社会接受域（SOC）与BMI呈显著负相关。结论：该研究强调了超重/肥胖与青少年问题饮食行为的某些方面以及自我概念的关系。这些发现支持进一步的纵向研究，以确定因果关系，这可能提供对印度青少年超重/肥胖流行的全面了解。
{"title":"The Association of Eating Behaviours, and Self-Concept, With Weight Status of Indian Adolescents","authors":"Shivangi Choudhary, Anmol Bhandari, Suninder Tung, Gurcharan Kaur","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70044","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The epidemiological and sociocultural context of Indian adolescents is rapidly changing, thus affecting their eating behaviours and increasing overweight and obesity prevalence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study was aimed at exploring associations of problematic eating behaviours and self-concept with overweight/obesity in adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study was conducted in six schools in Punjab, India, and enrolled 538 randomly selected adolescents aged 10–16 years. The cut-off of > 23rd adult equivalent BMI for overweight/obesity and < 23rd adult equivalent for healthy weight (IAP, 2015) was used. The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire Revised 18-item version and Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale were used. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to quantify linear relationships among eating behaviours, self-concept and BMI-based weight status. An independent <i>t</i>-test was applied to determine eating behaviour and self-concept variations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eating behaviour such as cognitive restraint showed a statistically significant positive correlation with BMI in adolescents (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). Higher cognitive restraint significantly increased the probability of being overweight/obese (odds ratio [OR] = 1.153; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.097–1.211). Physical appearance (PHY) and happiness and satisfaction (HAP) domains of adolescents' self-concept showed a significant negative correlation with BMI. In girls, the domain of social acceptance (SOC) showed a significant negative correlation with BMI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study highlights the relationship of overweight/obesity with certain aspects of problematic eating behaviours as well as self-concept in adolescents. These findings warrant further longitudinal studies to establish causality, which may provide a comprehensive understanding of the epidemic of adolescent overweight/obesity in India.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Nagore González, Iris Iglesia Altaba, Cristina Guillén Sebastián, Maria Luisa Alvarez Sauras, Sheila García Enguita, Luis A. Moreno, Gerardo Rodríguez
Introduction
Obesity is a global health problem, with an impact on future health. Early factors such as infant feeding and rapid weight gain (RWG) may play a role in its development. However, their contribution is not fully understood.
Objective
To analyse associations and potential interactions between the type of infant feeding during the first 4 months of age, RWG and later development of obesity in children at 6 years of age.
Materials and Methods
This observational longitudinal study examines growth in 834 children born at term with adequate weight for their gestational age. Data were collected from birth to 6 years, focusing on weight, height and body mass index (BMI) z-scores. The relationships between infant feeding, RWG, and BMI at 6 years were explored using mediation models.
Results
Formula-fed infants showed higher BMI z-scores and obesity prevalence at 6 years compared to exclusively breastfed infants (p = 0.012 and p = 0.003 respectively). RWG also was associated with higher BMI z-scores and obesity (p < 0.001 in both cases), with formula-fed infants more likely to experience RWG (39.7% vs. 32.2%; p = 0.036). Mediation analysis revealed that the association between feeding type and BMI at 6 years is partly positively mediated by infant RWG up to 6 months.
Conclusions
Infant feeding practices, particularly exclusive breastfeeding in the first 4 months, are associated with weight and BMI trajectories up to 6 years. Rapid weight gain mediates this relationship in the first 6 months, but from 6 to 12 months.
{"title":"Mediating Effect of Infant Rapid Weight Gain on the Association Between Exclusive Breastfeeding and the Risk of Obesity Later in Life","authors":"Carlos Nagore González, Iris Iglesia Altaba, Cristina Guillén Sebastián, Maria Luisa Alvarez Sauras, Sheila García Enguita, Luis A. Moreno, Gerardo Rodríguez","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70039","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity is a global health problem, with an impact on future health. Early factors such as infant feeding and rapid weight gain (RWG) may play a role in its development. However, their contribution is not fully understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To analyse associations and potential interactions between the type of infant feeding during the first 4 months of age, RWG and later development of obesity in children at 6 years of age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This observational longitudinal study examines growth in 834 children born at term with adequate weight for their gestational age. Data were collected from birth to 6 years, focusing on weight, height and body mass index (BMI) z-scores. The relationships between infant feeding, RWG, and BMI at 6 years were explored using mediation models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Formula-fed infants showed higher BMI z-scores and obesity prevalence at 6 years compared to exclusively breastfed infants (<i>p</i> = 0.012 and <i>p</i> = 0.003 respectively). RWG also was associated with higher BMI z-scores and obesity (<i>p</i> < 0.001 in both cases), with formula-fed infants more likely to experience RWG (39.7% vs. 32.2%; <i>p</i> = 0.036). Mediation analysis revealed that the association between feeding type and BMI at 6 years is partly positively mediated by infant RWG up to 6 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Infant feeding practices, particularly exclusive breastfeeding in the first 4 months, are associated with weight and BMI trajectories up to 6 years. Rapid weight gain mediates this relationship in the first 6 months, but from 6 to 12 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are used as sugar alternatives in foods and beverages. However, their intake and dietary sources in toddlers and their association with total sugars intake have been scarcely explored. We aimed to characterise NNS intake (sucralose, acesulfame-K, aspartame, steviol glycosides, saccharin and cyclamate) and their individual association with dietary total sugars in a sample of Chilean toddlers. Participants of the Chilean Infant Nutrition Randomised Controlled Trial (N = 450, 50% girls) were assessed at 3 years of age with sociodemographic information from their families, anthropometry of the participants and their mothers and dietary intake (via a single 24-h recall). For reported packaged foods, we obtained the energy, nutrients and NNS information from nutrition facts panels (NFP). We estimated the dietary intake (total energy, macronutrients, total sugars and NNS intake) and NNS dietary sources for each participant. We used linear regression models to study crude and adjusted associations. Mean total energy intake was 1006 ± 351 kcal/day, with 27% of those calories coming from total sugars. Seventy-six percent of the toddlers consumed at least one NNS: 63% sucralose, 35% acesulfame-K, 32% aspartame, 27% steviol, < 1% saccharin and < 1% cyclamate. Beverages were the top contributors to NNS intake. NNS intake was not significantly associated with total sugars intake. In conclusion, we found a high prevalence of NNS intake among 3-year-old children, with sucralose being the most frequently consumed. NNS intake was not associated with lower sugars consumption. These results support new recommendations discouraging NNS intake among healthy populations, which can be even more relevant in young children.
{"title":"Non-Nutritive Sweeteners Intake and Its Association With Sugars Intake Among Chilean Toddlers","authors":"Paola Arévalo, Natalia Rebolledo, Marcela Reyes","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70036","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are used as sugar alternatives in foods and beverages. However, their intake and dietary sources in toddlers and their association with total sugars intake have been scarcely explored. We aimed to characterise NNS intake (sucralose, acesulfame-K, aspartame, steviol glycosides, saccharin and cyclamate) and their individual association with dietary total sugars in a sample of Chilean toddlers. Participants of the Chilean Infant Nutrition Randomised Controlled Trial (<i>N</i> = 450, 50% girls) were assessed at 3 years of age with sociodemographic information from their families, anthropometry of the participants and their mothers and dietary intake (via a single 24-h recall). For reported packaged foods, we obtained the energy, nutrients and NNS information from nutrition facts panels (NFP). We estimated the dietary intake (total energy, macronutrients, total sugars and NNS intake) and NNS dietary sources for each participant. We used linear regression models to study crude and adjusted associations. Mean total energy intake was 1006 ± 351 kcal/day, with 27% of those calories coming from total sugars. Seventy-six percent of the toddlers consumed at least one NNS: 63% sucralose, 35% acesulfame-K, 32% aspartame, 27% steviol, < 1% saccharin and < 1% cyclamate. Beverages were the top contributors to NNS intake. NNS intake was not significantly associated with total sugars intake. In conclusion, we found a high prevalence of NNS intake among 3-year-old children, with sucralose being the most frequently consumed. NNS intake was not associated with lower sugars consumption. These results support new recommendations discouraging NNS intake among healthy populations, which can be even more relevant in young children.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juan Pablo Rojas, Tamara Robles, Delma Salinas, Francisco Moraga, Verónica Mericq
Background
Visceral fat accumulation causes a low-grade chronic inflammatory state in individuals with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). MetS detection, with simple and non-invasive tests, is crucial.
Objective
To establish the sensitivity and specificity of the monocyte/HDL (MHR), neutrophils/lymphocytes (NLR), platelets/lymphocytes (PLR) and lymphocytes/monocytes (LMR) ratios to identify clinical characteristics of MetS in prepubertal children.
Methods
Prospective cross-sectional study comparing 79 children fulfilling MetS IDF criteria and 75 control children. A clinical history and physical examination were performed. Blood glucose levels, lipid profile, ESR, usCRP, and complete blood count were determined, and the different ratios were calculated manually. The sensitivity and specificity of each ratio were determined using ROC curves.
Results
MHR was the most sensitive and specific haematological index to determine clinical characteristics of MetS with a cut-off point of 8.62, allowing for the identification of low HDL, hypertriglyceridemia, large waist circumference, high blood pressure, sedentary lifestyle, and a family history of obesity as the main factors related to MetS in childhood.
Conclusion
MHR is the best proxy of MetS and reveals the early elevation of proinflammatory factors in childhood, suggesting that it serves as a diagnostic tool in patients under 10 years of age, where the identification of MetS is controversial.
{"title":"Identifying Children With Obesity at High Risk for Metabolic Syndrome: Sensitivity and Specificity of the Monocyte/HDL Index","authors":"Juan Pablo Rojas, Tamara Robles, Delma Salinas, Francisco Moraga, Verónica Mericq","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70040","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Visceral fat accumulation causes a low-grade chronic inflammatory state in individuals with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). MetS detection, with simple and non-invasive tests, is crucial.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To establish the sensitivity and specificity of the monocyte/HDL (MHR), neutrophils/lymphocytes (NLR), platelets/lymphocytes (PLR) and lymphocytes/monocytes (LMR) ratios to identify clinical characteristics of MetS in prepubertal children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective cross-sectional study comparing 79 children fulfilling MetS IDF criteria and 75 control children. A clinical history and physical examination were performed. Blood glucose levels, lipid profile, ESR, usCRP, and complete blood count were determined, and the different ratios were calculated manually. The sensitivity and specificity of each ratio were determined using ROC curves.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MHR was the most sensitive and specific haematological index to determine clinical characteristics of MetS with a cut-off point of 8.62, allowing for the identification of low HDL, hypertriglyceridemia, large waist circumference, high blood pressure, sedentary lifestyle, and a family history of obesity as the main factors related to MetS in childhood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MHR is the best proxy of MetS and reveals the early elevation of proinflammatory factors in childhood, suggesting that it serves as a diagnostic tool in patients under 10 years of age, where the identification of MetS is controversial.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144590046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christine Brichta, Ariel Porto, Mark Fishbein, Saeed Mohammad, Catherine A. Chapin
Background
Whether higher socioeconomic deprivation indices are associated with more severe paediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), remains unknown.
Objective
We aimed to evaluate differences in MASLD characteristics and social deprivation in a cohort of urban children.
Methods
Retrospective study of 277 paediatric patients ≤ 18 years old evaluated between January 2009 and December 2019 with a suspected diagnosis of MASLD who underwent liver biopsy. Patients were classified as having metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) based on their NAFLD Activity Score (NAS). Fibrosis was determined based on biopsy presence. Social deprivation index (SDI) scores were calculated using patient address.
Results
Patients were predominantly Hispanic males with obesity and a median age of 12 years. Median SDI score was 85 (65–93). Median ALT was significantly higher in patients with MASH compared with MASLD (136 vs. 92 IU/L, p < 0.001) or with fibrosis compared with no fibrosis (120 vs. 68 IU/L, p < 0.001). High SDI group patients had a significantly higher median AST (60 vs. 47 IU/L, p = 0.022), NAS score (4 vs. 3, p = 0.026) and rates of bridging fibrosis (24% vs. 10%, p = 0.023) compared with the lower SDI group.
Conclusion
Within a cohort of predominantly Hispanic children with MASLD and high socioeconomic disadvantage, there are significant laboratory and histologic differences in patients with higher SDI scores, suggesting increased MASLD severity.
背景：较高的社会经济剥夺指数是否与更严重的儿童代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪变性肝病（MASLD），即以前的非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）相关，尚不清楚。目的：我们旨在评估城市儿童MASLD特征和社会剥夺的差异。方法：回顾性研究2009年1月至2019年12月期间277例≤18岁的疑似MASLD的儿科患者，这些患者接受了肝活检。根据患者的NAFLD活动评分（NAS），将患者分类为代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎（MASH）。纤维化是根据活检的存在来确定的。社会剥夺指数（SDI）评分采用患者地址计算。结果：患者主要为西班牙裔男性，肥胖，中位年龄12岁。SDI评分中位数为85（65-93）。与MASLD相比，MASH患者的中位ALT显著高于MASLD （136 vs 92 IU/L, p）。结论：在以西班牙裔为主的MASLD和高社会经济劣势儿童队列中，SDI评分较高的患者存在显著的实验室和组织学差异，表明MASLD严重程度增加。
{"title":"Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in an Urban Paediatric Cohort With High Socioeconomic Deprivation","authors":"Christine Brichta, Ariel Porto, Mark Fishbein, Saeed Mohammad, Catherine A. Chapin","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70037","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whether higher socioeconomic deprivation indices are associated with more severe paediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), remains unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to evaluate differences in MASLD characteristics and social deprivation in a cohort of urban children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective study of 277 paediatric patients ≤ 18 years old evaluated between January 2009 and December 2019 with a suspected diagnosis of MASLD who underwent liver biopsy. Patients were classified as having metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) based on their NAFLD Activity Score (NAS). Fibrosis was determined based on biopsy presence. Social deprivation index (SDI) scores were calculated using patient address.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients were predominantly Hispanic males with obesity and a median age of 12 years. Median SDI score was 85 (65–93). Median ALT was significantly higher in patients with MASH compared with MASLD (136 vs. 92 IU/L, <i>p</i> < 0.001) or with fibrosis compared with no fibrosis (120 vs. 68 IU/L, <i>p</i> < 0.001). High SDI group patients had a significantly higher median AST (60 vs. 47 IU/L, <i>p</i> = 0.022), NAS score (4 vs. 3, <i>p</i> = 0.026) and rates of bridging fibrosis (24% vs. 10%, <i>p</i> = 0.023) compared with the lower SDI group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Within a cohort of predominantly Hispanic children with MASLD and high socioeconomic disadvantage, there are significant laboratory and histologic differences in patients with higher SDI scores, suggesting increased MASLD severity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144566865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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