Marcos Olvera-Rojas, Abel Plaza-Florido, Patricio Solis-Urra, Francisco J. Osuna-Prieto, Francisco B. Ortega
Objective
Children with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) exhibit poor cardiometabolic health, yet mechanisms influencing brain health remain unclear. We examined the differences in neurological-related circulating proteins in plasma among children with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) and the association with metabolic syndrome markers.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we included 84 Caucasian children (39% girls), aged 10.1 ± 1.1 years, from the ActiveBrains project (NCT02295072). A ninety-two-protein targeted approach using Olink's® technology was used.
Results
We identified distinct concentrations of CD38, LAIR2, MANF and NRP2 proteins in MHO compared with MUO. Moreover, individual metabolic syndrome (MS) markers were linked to nine proteins (CD38, CPM, EDA2R, IL12, JAMB, KYNU, LAYN, MSR1 and SMOC2) in children with OW/OB. These proteins play crucial roles in diverse biological processes (e.g., angiogenesis, cholesterol transport, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) catalysis and maintenance of blood–brain barrier) related to brain health.
Conclusion
Our proteomics study suggests that cardiometabolic health (represented by MHO/MUO or individual MS markers) is associated with the concentration in plasma of several proteins involved in brain health. Larger-scale studies are needed to contrast/confirm these findings, with CD38 standing out as a particularly noteworthy and robust discovery.
{"title":"Neurological-related proteomic profiling in plasma of children with metabolic healthy and unhealthy overweight/obesity","authors":"Marcos Olvera-Rojas, Abel Plaza-Florido, Patricio Solis-Urra, Francisco J. Osuna-Prieto, Francisco B. Ortega","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13155","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13155","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) exhibit poor cardiometabolic health, yet mechanisms influencing brain health remain unclear. We examined the differences in neurological-related circulating proteins in plasma among children with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) and the association with metabolic syndrome markers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this cross-sectional study, we included 84 Caucasian children (39% girls), aged 10.1 ± 1.1 years, from the ActiveBrains project (NCT02295072). A ninety-two-protein targeted approach using Olink's® technology was used.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified distinct concentrations of CD38, LAIR2, MANF and NRP2 proteins in MHO compared with MUO. Moreover, individual metabolic syndrome (MS) markers were linked to nine proteins (CD38, CPM, EDA2R, IL12, JAMB, KYNU, LAYN, MSR1 and SMOC2) in children with OW/OB. These proteins play crucial roles in diverse biological processes (e.g., angiogenesis, cholesterol transport, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) catalysis and maintenance of blood–brain barrier) related to brain health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our proteomics study suggests that cardiometabolic health (represented by MHO/MUO or individual MS markers) is associated with the concentration in plasma of several proteins involved in brain health. Larger-scale studies are needed to contrast/confirm these findings, with CD38 standing out as a particularly noteworthy and robust discovery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13155","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141791484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pasquale E. Rummo, Carla Seet, Alexandria E. Reimold, Emily W. Duffy, Carmen E. Prestemon, Marissa G. Hall, Marie A. Bragg, Lindsey Smith Taillie
Background
Nudges offer a promising tool to reduce sugary drink intake among children who are most at risk for diet-related disease.
Objective
To examine the impact of online store nudges on purchases of sugary drinks for children in lower-income households.
Methods
Caregivers with lower-income were recruited to an online shopping experiment and instructed to spend $10–$30 on three beverages for their child aged 1–5 years. Participants were randomized to navigate an online supermarket in its standard version (n = 1106) or a version with nudges (n = 1135), including a product placement nudge (i.e. placing healthy beverages in prominent positions) and a swap nudge (i.e. offering a swap of water, plain milk and/or 100% fruit juice upon selection of sugary drinks).
Results
On average, participants purchased 1887 (SD = 2113) and 620 (SD = 1528) calories from sugary drinks per basket in the control and experimental conditions, respectively. Model-based results indicate that those in the experimental condition purchased 1267 (95% CI: 1419, 1114) fewer calories from sugary drinks, and fewer grams of total sugar (β = −253.5 g (95% CI: −286.3, −220.6)) and added sugar (β = −287.8 g (95% CI: −323.1, −252.5)) purchased from sugary drinks.
Conclusion
Nudges may be an effective, acceptable, scalable strategy for leading caregivers in lower-income households to purchase fewer sugary drinks for their children.
{"title":"Online retail nudges to help parents with lower-income choose healthy beverages for their children: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Pasquale E. Rummo, Carla Seet, Alexandria E. Reimold, Emily W. Duffy, Carmen E. Prestemon, Marissa G. Hall, Marie A. Bragg, Lindsey Smith Taillie","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13150","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13150","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nudges offer a promising tool to reduce sugary drink intake among children who are most at risk for diet-related disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine the impact of online store nudges on purchases of sugary drinks for children in lower-income households.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Caregivers with lower-income were recruited to an online shopping experiment and instructed to spend $10–$30 on three beverages for their child aged 1–5 years. Participants were randomized to navigate an online supermarket in its standard version (<i>n</i> = 1106) or a version with nudges (<i>n</i> = 1135), including a product placement nudge (i.e. placing healthy beverages in prominent positions) and a swap nudge (i.e. offering a swap of water, plain milk and/or 100% fruit juice upon selection of sugary drinks).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>On average, participants purchased 1887 (SD = 2113) and 620 (SD = 1528) calories from sugary drinks per basket in the control and experimental conditions, respectively. Model-based results indicate that those in the experimental condition purchased 1267 (95% CI: 1419, 1114) fewer calories from sugary drinks, and fewer grams of total sugar (<i>β</i> = −253.5 g (95% CI: −286.3, −220.6)) and added sugar (<i>β</i> = −287.8 g (95% CI: −323.1, −252.5)) purchased from sugary drinks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nudges may be an effective, acceptable, scalable strategy for leading caregivers in lower-income households to purchase fewer sugary drinks for their children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141589060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhila Semnani-Azad, Mohammad L. Rahman, Melina Arguin, Myriam Doyon, Patrice Perron, Luigi Bouchard, Marie-France Hivert
Objective
This study identified metabolite modules associated with adiposity and body fat distribution in childhood using gold-standard measurements.
Methods
We used cross-sectional data from 329 children at mid-childhood (age 5.3 ± 0.3 years; BMI 15.7 ± 1.5 kg/m2) from the Genetics of Glucose regulation in Gestation and Growth (Gen3G), a prospective pre-birth cohort. We quantified 1038 plasma metabolites and measured body composition using the gold-standard dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), in addition to skinfold, waist circumference, and BMI. We applied weighted-correlation network analysis to identify a network of highly correlated metabolite modules. Spearman's partial correlations were applied to determine the associations of adiposity with metabolite modules and individual metabolites with false discovery rate (FDR) correction.
Results
We identified a ‘green’ module of 120 metabolites, primarily comprised of lipids (mostly sphingomyelins and phosphatidylcholine), that showed positive correlations (all FDR p < 0.05) with DXA estimates of total and truncal fat (ρadjusted = 0.11–0.19), skinfold measures (ρadjusted = 0.09–0.26), and BMI and waist circumference (ρadjusted = 0.15 and 0.18, respectively). These correlations were similar when stratified by sex. Within this module, sphingomyelin (d18:2/14:0, d18:1/14:1)*, a sphingomyelin sub-specie that is an important component of cell membranes, showed the strongest associations.
Conclusions
A module of metabolites was associated with adiposity measures in childhood.
{"title":"Plasma metabolomic profile of adiposity and body composition in childhood: The Genetics of Glucose regulation in Gestation and Growth cohort","authors":"Zhila Semnani-Azad, Mohammad L. Rahman, Melina Arguin, Myriam Doyon, Patrice Perron, Luigi Bouchard, Marie-France Hivert","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13149","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13149","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study identified metabolite modules associated with adiposity and body fat distribution in childhood using gold-standard measurements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used cross-sectional data from 329 children at mid-childhood (age 5.3 ± 0.3 years; BMI 15.7 ± 1.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) from the Genetics of Glucose regulation in Gestation and Growth (Gen3G), a prospective pre-birth cohort. We quantified 1038 plasma metabolites and measured body composition using the gold-standard dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), in addition to skinfold, waist circumference, and BMI. We applied weighted-correlation network analysis to identify a network of highly correlated metabolite modules. Spearman's partial correlations were applied to determine the associations of adiposity with metabolite modules and individual metabolites with false discovery rate (FDR) correction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified a ‘green’ module of 120 metabolites, primarily comprised of lipids (mostly sphingomyelins and phosphatidylcholine), that showed positive correlations (all FDR <i>p</i> < 0.05) with DXA estimates of total and truncal fat (<i>ρ</i><sub>adjusted</sub> = 0.11–0.19), skinfold measures (<i>ρ</i><sub>adjusted</sub> = 0.09–0.26), and BMI and waist circumference (<i>ρ</i><sub>adjusted</sub> = 0.15 and 0.18, respectively). These correlations were similar when stratified by sex. Within this module, sphingomyelin (d18:2/14:0, d18:1/14:1)*, a sphingomyelin sub-specie that is an important component of cell membranes, showed the strongest associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A module of metabolites was associated with adiposity measures in childhood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141490263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cara C. Tomaso, Tiffany D. James, Rebecca L. Brock, Amy L. Yaroch, Jennie L. Hill, Terry T. Huang, Jennifer M. Nelson, W. Alex Mason, Kimberly A. Espy, Timothy D. Nelson
Background
Executive control and temperament have been associated with pediatric obesity. However, interactions between these constructs in relation to future weight outcomes have not been investigated.
Objective
This longitudinal study examined early childhood executive control, early temperament (negative affectivity and surgency), and their interactions as predictors of adolescent BMI trajectories.
Methods
At age 5.25, children (N = 229) completed executive control tasks, and parents completed the Child Behavior Questionnaire to assess temperament. BMI was calculated annually between ages 14–17.
Results
Greater early negative affectivity predicted more positive BMI growth. Although early childhood executive control was not associated with BMI growth, greater negative affectivity predicted greater BMI escalation at average and below average executive control abilities.
Conclusions
For children without robust executive control abilities early in development, negative affectivity may be a risk factor for accelerated adolescent BMI growth. Targeted assessment of early risk factors may be useful for childhood obesity prevention efforts.
{"title":"Early childhood executive control modulates negative affectivity's role in increasing adolescent body mass index trajectories","authors":"Cara C. Tomaso, Tiffany D. James, Rebecca L. Brock, Amy L. Yaroch, Jennie L. Hill, Terry T. Huang, Jennifer M. Nelson, W. Alex Mason, Kimberly A. Espy, Timothy D. Nelson","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13144","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13144","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Executive control and temperament have been associated with pediatric obesity. However, interactions between these constructs in relation to future weight outcomes have not been investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This longitudinal study examined early childhood executive control, early temperament (negative affectivity and surgency), and their interactions as predictors of adolescent BMI trajectories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At age 5.25, children (<i>N</i> = 229) completed executive control tasks, and parents completed the Child Behavior Questionnaire to assess temperament. BMI was calculated annually between ages 14–17.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Greater early negative affectivity predicted more positive BMI growth. Although early childhood executive control was not associated with BMI growth, greater negative affectivity predicted greater BMI escalation at average and below average executive control abilities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For children without robust executive control abilities early in development, negative affectivity may be a risk factor for accelerated adolescent BMI growth. Targeted assessment of early risk factors may be useful for childhood obesity prevention efforts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141454212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emma Kenney, Edward A. Frongillo, Kerry L. McIver, Marsha Dowda, Russell R. Pate
Background
The prevalence of childhood obesity in the U.S. has increased, likely due to decreased physical activity, increased sedentary behaviour and unhealthy diets. Little is known about the relationships between these factors and weight gain in those under the age of three.
Objectives
This study aimed to understand the longitudinal associations of weight gain over 6-month intervals with child and parent characteristics as children develop from 6 to 36 months.
Methods
Mother and infant data were collected at 6-month intervals from 6 to 36 months. Weight (kg) was the primary outcome variable, and potential explanatory variables included child and parent characteristics, physical activity, motor development, diet and sleep. Structural equation modelling was used to assess associations between explanatory variables and 6-month weight gain.
Results
Weight increased ~1 kg per 6-month interval (p < 0.001) from 6 to 36 months. Childcare outside of the home at 12 months was associated with 0.272 kg (p = 0.002) greater weight gain at 18 months, while children's physical activity was associated with 0.228 kg (per 2 SD, p = 0.051) less weight gain during the same time period. Mother's TV and screen media use (0.102 kg per hour/day, p = 0.046) and child's intake of high-energy beverages at 18 months (0.387 kg, p = 0.037) were both associated with greater weight gain at 24 months.
Conclusion
Childcare, physical activity, screen media use and high-energy beverage consumption might affect weight gain at different time points in early childhood. These insights can inform efforts to prevent excessive weight gain and childhood obesity effectively.
{"title":"Child and mother characteristics associated with 6-month weight gain for infants and toddlers during 6 to 36 months","authors":"Emma Kenney, Edward A. Frongillo, Kerry L. McIver, Marsha Dowda, Russell R. Pate","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13148","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13148","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of childhood obesity in the U.S. has increased, likely due to decreased physical activity, increased sedentary behaviour and unhealthy diets. Little is known about the relationships between these factors and weight gain in those under the age of three.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to understand the longitudinal associations of weight gain over 6-month intervals with child and parent characteristics as children develop from 6 to 36 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mother and infant data were collected at 6-month intervals from 6 to 36 months. Weight (kg) was the primary outcome variable, and potential explanatory variables included child and parent characteristics, physical activity, motor development, diet and sleep. Structural equation modelling was used to assess associations between explanatory variables and 6-month weight gain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Weight increased ~1 kg per 6-month interval (<i>p</i> < 0.001) from 6 to 36 months. Childcare outside of the home at 12 months was associated with 0.272 kg (<i>p</i> = 0.002) greater weight gain at 18 months, while children's physical activity was associated with 0.228 kg (per 2 SD, <i>p</i> = 0.051) less weight gain during the same time period. Mother's TV and screen media use (0.102 kg per hour/day, <i>p</i> = 0.046) and child's intake of high-energy beverages at 18 months (0.387 kg, <i>p</i> = 0.037) were both associated with greater weight gain at 24 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Childcare, physical activity, screen media use and high-energy beverage consumption might affect weight gain at different time points in early childhood. These insights can inform efforts to prevent excessive weight gain and childhood obesity effectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141454211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brahim Allali, Bruno Pereira, Alicia Fillon, Lili Pouele, Julie Masurier, Charlotte Cardenoux, Laurie Isacco, Yves Boirie, Martine Duclos, David Thivel, Valérie Julian
Background
The identification of predictive parameters of the success of multidisciplinary weight loss interventions (MWLI) appears essential to optimize obesity management. The association between baseline cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and changes in anthropometric parameters and body composition during MWLI remains underexplored in adolescents with obesity.
Objectives
To assess whether baseline CRF was associated with the effectiveness of a 16-week MWLI measured through improved body mass, body mass index (BMI) and body composition (percentage of total fat mass (FM) as the main criterion).
Methods
Cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition were respectively measured by peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) during maximal exercise tests and dual-photon x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), before (T0) and after (T1) a 16-week MWLI in 165 adolescents (aged 13.3 ± 1.38 years, 61.2% female, BMI 35.11 ± 5.16 kg/m2).
Results
Reductions in BMI and total FM percentage between T0 and T1 were greater in subjects with a baseline VO2peak ≥ 3rd quartile compared to the first quartile (p < 0.001) and the interquartile range (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). Baseline VO2peak and VO2 at the first ventilator threshold were positively correlated with the reductions in body mass, BMI and total and visceral FM percentages and with the increase in lean mass (LM) percentage between T0 and T1 after adjustment for age and gender (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Initial CRF is associated with the success of MWLI in adolescents with obesity. Improving their aerobic fitness before starting a MWLI might be a promising strategy to optimize its benefits.
{"title":"The effectiveness of multidisciplinary weight loss interventions is associated with initial cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents with obesity","authors":"Brahim Allali, Bruno Pereira, Alicia Fillon, Lili Pouele, Julie Masurier, Charlotte Cardenoux, Laurie Isacco, Yves Boirie, Martine Duclos, David Thivel, Valérie Julian","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13147","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13147","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The identification of predictive parameters of the success of multidisciplinary weight loss interventions (MWLI) appears essential to optimize obesity management. The association between baseline cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and changes in anthropometric parameters and body composition during MWLI remains underexplored in adolescents with obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess whether baseline CRF was associated with the effectiveness of a 16-week MWLI measured through improved body mass, body mass index (BMI) and body composition (percentage of total fat mass (FM) as the main criterion).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition were respectively measured by peak oxygen consumption (VO<sub>2peak</sub>) during maximal exercise tests and dual-photon x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), before (T0) and after (T1) a 16-week MWLI in 165 adolescents (aged 13.3 ± 1.38 years, 61.2% female, BMI 35.11 ± 5.16 kg/m<sup>2</sup>).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reductions in BMI and total FM percentage between T0 and T1 were greater in subjects with a baseline VO<sub>2peak</sub> ≥ 3rd quartile compared to the first quartile (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and the interquartile range (<i>p</i> < 0.05 and <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). Baseline VO<sub>2peak</sub> and VO<sub>2</sub> at the first ventilator threshold were positively correlated with the reductions in body mass, BMI and total and visceral FM percentages and with the increase in lean mass (LM) percentage between T0 and T1 after adjustment for age and gender (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Initial CRF is associated with the success of MWLI in adolescents with obesity. Improving their aerobic fitness before starting a MWLI might be a promising strategy to optimize its benefits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141454213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wen Yuan, Jianuo Jiang, Sha-sha Song, Jieyu Liu, Manman Chen, Qiaoxin Shi, Yi Zhang, Li Chen, Yang Qin, Ruolin Wang, Tongjun Guo, Xinxin Wang, Qi Ma, Yanhui Dong, Jun Ma
Background and Objectives
This study aimed to examine the associations between breastfeeding duration and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescents and to further investigate the role of birth weight for gestational age (GA) on these associations.
Methods
A total of 10 275 participants aged 7 to 18 years were included applying multistage cluster random sampling from a Chinese national survey. Birth weight was classified into small for GA (SGA), appropriate for GA (AGA) and large for GA (LGA). Information was collected through a self-administered questionnaire, physical examination and blood biochemical examination. Multivariable linear regression, logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline models were applied to assess the relationships of breastfeeding duration and MetS with different birth weight for GA.
Results
The prevalence of non-breastfeeding, 0–5, 6–12 and >12 months groups were 16.2%, 23.1%, 42.5% and 18.2%, and the prevalence of SGA and LGA was 11.9% and 12.7%, respectively. Prolonged breastfeeding duration was associated with higher odds of MetS (β: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.13), WC (β: 3.49, 95% CI: 2.82, 4.16) and SBP (β: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.80, 2.89). SGA and prolonged breastfeeding synergistically increased MetS risks, but LGA appeared to offset the adverse effects of prolonged breastfeeding.
Conclusion
Prolonged breastfeeding may increase children's MetS risks. SGA synergies with prolonged breastfeeding increased MetS burden in children and adolescents, while LGA mitigated the risks. This reminds us that intensive attention should be paid to both early birth weight and subsequent living environment for children and adolescents' lifelong health.
{"title":"The association of breastfeeding duration on metabolic syndrome among children and adolescents, stratified by birth weight for gestational age","authors":"Wen Yuan, Jianuo Jiang, Sha-sha Song, Jieyu Liu, Manman Chen, Qiaoxin Shi, Yi Zhang, Li Chen, Yang Qin, Ruolin Wang, Tongjun Guo, Xinxin Wang, Qi Ma, Yanhui Dong, Jun Ma","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13145","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13145","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to examine the associations between breastfeeding duration and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescents and to further investigate the role of birth weight for gestational age (GA) on these associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 10 275 participants aged 7 to 18 years were included applying multistage cluster random sampling from a Chinese national survey. Birth weight was classified into small for GA (SGA), appropriate for GA (AGA) and large for GA (LGA). Information was collected through a self-administered questionnaire, physical examination and blood biochemical examination. Multivariable linear regression, logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline models were applied to assess the relationships of breastfeeding duration and MetS with different birth weight for GA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of non-breastfeeding, 0–5, 6–12 and >12 months groups were 16.2%, 23.1%, 42.5% and 18.2%, and the prevalence of SGA and LGA was 11.9% and 12.7%, respectively. Prolonged breastfeeding duration was associated with higher odds of MetS (β: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.13), WC (β: 3.49, 95% CI: 2.82, 4.16) and SBP (β: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.80, 2.89). SGA and prolonged breastfeeding synergistically increased MetS risks, but LGA appeared to offset the adverse effects of prolonged breastfeeding.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prolonged breastfeeding may increase children's MetS risks. SGA synergies with prolonged breastfeeding increased MetS burden in children and adolescents, while LGA mitigated the risks. This reminds us that intensive attention should be paid to both early birth weight and subsequent living environment for children and adolescents' lifelong health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141417068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eric M. Bomberg, Justin Clark, Kyle D. Rudser, Amy C. Gross, Aaron S. Kelly, Claudia K. Fox
Background
Anti-obesity medications (AOMs) are promising lifestyle modification (LSM) adjuncts for obesity treatment, and phentermine is commonly prescribed in paediatric weight management clinics. Determining ‘real-world’ AOM effectiveness and characteristics predicting response is important.
Objectives
We sought to describe phentermine plus LSM effectiveness and identify baseline characteristics predicting response.
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study among youth seen in a US academic-based weight management clinic from 2012 to 2020. Baseline characteristics (e.g., body mass index (BMI), liver transaminases, eating-related behaviours) and outcomes (%BMI of 95th percentile (%BMIp95), BMI, %BMI change, weight) were determined through electronic health records and intake surveys.
Results
Among 91 youth prescribed phentermine plus LSM over 8 years (mean %BMIp95 150%), %BMIp95 was statistically significantly reduced at 1.5, 3, 6 and 12 months (peak reduction 10.9 percentage points at 6 months; p < 0.001). Considering multiple comparisons, the presence of baseline elevated alanine aminotransferase was associated with statistically significant smaller 1.5-month %BMIp95 reductions (p = 0.001) and higher food responsiveness with smaller 3- (p = 0.001) and 6-month (p < 0.001) reductions.
Conclusions
Phentermine plus LSM reduced %BMIp95 among youth in a weight management clinic, and baseline characteristics may help determine those more or less likely to respond. Prospective studies are needed to further characterize effectiveness and confirm response predictors.
{"title":"Effectiveness and predictors of weight loss response to phentermine plus lifestyle modifications among youth in a paediatric weight management clinical setting","authors":"Eric M. Bomberg, Justin Clark, Kyle D. Rudser, Amy C. Gross, Aaron S. Kelly, Claudia K. Fox","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13143","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13143","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anti-obesity medications (AOMs) are promising lifestyle modification (LSM) adjuncts for obesity treatment, and phentermine is commonly prescribed in paediatric weight management clinics. Determining ‘real-world’ AOM effectiveness and characteristics predicting response is important.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We sought to describe phentermine plus LSM effectiveness and identify baseline characteristics predicting response.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a retrospective cohort study among youth seen in a US academic-based weight management clinic from 2012 to 2020. Baseline characteristics (e.g., body mass index (BMI), liver transaminases, eating-related behaviours) and outcomes (%BMI of 95th percentile (%BMIp95), BMI, %BMI change, weight) were determined through electronic health records and intake surveys.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 91 youth prescribed phentermine plus LSM over 8 years (mean %BMIp95 150%), %BMIp95 was statistically significantly reduced at 1.5, 3, 6 and 12 months (peak reduction 10.9 percentage points at 6 months; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Considering multiple comparisons, the presence of baseline elevated alanine aminotransferase was associated with statistically significant smaller 1.5-month %BMIp95 reductions (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and higher food responsiveness with smaller 3- (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and 6-month (<i>p</i> < 0.001) reductions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Phentermine plus LSM reduced %BMIp95 among youth in a weight management clinic, and baseline characteristics may help determine those more or less likely to respond. Prospective studies are needed to further characterize effectiveness and confirm response predictors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141417018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rutha Chivate, Pamela Schoemer, Maya I. Ragavan, Kristin Ray, Megan O. Bensignor, Andrea B. Goldschmidt, Mary Ellen Vajravelu
Background
Recent pediatric guidelines recommend clinicians offer anti-obesity medication (AOM) as an adjunct to intensive lifestyle intervention.
Objective
To investigate pediatricians' perspectives about prescribing AOM, including barriers and facilitators.
Methods
An investigator-developed survey was emailed to primary care pediatric physicians (n = 187) and advanced practice providers (n = 190) within an academic-affiliated network. The survey evaluated how willing clinicians were to prescribe AOM and their agreement with 25 statements about barriers and facilitators. Three vignettes explored AOM decision-making. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine relative risk ratios for willingness to prescribe by agreement with each statement.
Results
Among 74 respondents (20% response rate), 24% were willing, 42% uncertain and 34% unwilling to prescribe. Most (64%) agreed that AOM should be managed only by specialists. Willingness to prescribe was associated with clinician motivation and belief in guideline practicality and applicability. Unwillingness was associated with beliefs that patients would not continue AOM long enough for benefit and that there was insufficient time or resources to implement. In vignettes, 52% were willing to prescribe AOM for a patient with severe obesity and metabolic complications, versus 11% for a patient with obesity and possible disordered eating.
Conclusions
Willingness to prescribe AOM was low and was associated with perceived practicality and appropriateness for patients.
{"title":"Primary care perspectives on prescribing anti-obesity medication for adolescents","authors":"Rutha Chivate, Pamela Schoemer, Maya I. Ragavan, Kristin Ray, Megan O. Bensignor, Andrea B. Goldschmidt, Mary Ellen Vajravelu","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13146","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13146","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent pediatric guidelines recommend clinicians offer anti-obesity medication (AOM) as an adjunct to intensive lifestyle intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate pediatricians' perspectives about prescribing AOM, including barriers and facilitators.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An investigator-developed survey was emailed to primary care pediatric physicians (<i>n</i> = 187) and advanced practice providers (<i>n</i> = 190) within an academic-affiliated network. The survey evaluated how willing clinicians were to prescribe AOM and their agreement with 25 statements about barriers and facilitators. Three vignettes explored AOM decision-making. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine relative risk ratios for willingness to prescribe by agreement with each statement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 74 respondents (20% response rate), 24% were willing, 42% uncertain and 34% unwilling to prescribe. Most (64%) agreed that AOM should be managed only by specialists. Willingness to prescribe was associated with clinician motivation and belief in guideline practicality and applicability. Unwillingness was associated with beliefs that patients would not continue AOM long enough for benefit and that there was insufficient time or resources to implement. In vignettes, 52% were willing to prescribe AOM for a patient with severe obesity and metabolic complications, versus 11% for a patient with obesity and possible disordered eating.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Willingness to prescribe AOM was low and was associated with perceived practicality and appropriateness for patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141329883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rose Dugandzic, Natalia Konstantelos, Yamei Yu, Eric Lavigne, Sebastian Srugo, Justin J. Lang, Kristian Larsen, Tyler Pollock, Paul Villeneuve, Errol M. Thomson, Miranda MacPherson, Robert Dales, Sabit Cakmak
Background
Whilst single chemical exposures are suspected to be obesogenic, the combined role of chemical mixtures in paediatric obesity is not well understood.
Objectives
We aimed to evaluate the potential associations between chemical mixtures and obesity in a population-based sample of Canadian children.
Methods
We ascertained biomonitoring and health data for children aged 3–11 from the cross-sectional Canadian Health Measures Survey from 2007 to 2019. Several chemicals of interest were measured in blood or urine and paediatric obesity was defined based on measured anthropometrics. Using quantile-based G computational analysis, we quantified the effects of three chemical mixtures selected a priori. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic and environmental factors identified through a directed acyclic graph. Results are presented through adjusted relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Results
We included 9147 children. Of these, 24.1% were overweight or obese. Exposure to the mixture of bisphenol A, acrylamide, glycidamide, metals, parabens and arsenic increased the risk of childhood overweight or obesity by 45% (95% CI 1.09, 1.93), obesity by 109% (95% CI 1.27, 3.42) and central obesity by 82% (95% CI 1.30, 2.56).
Conclusions
Our findings support the role of early childhood chemical exposures in paediatric obesity and the potential combined effects of chemicals.
背景：虽然人们怀疑单一化学物质的暴露会导致肥胖，但对化学混合物在儿童肥胖中的综合作用却不甚了解：我们的目的是在加拿大儿童人群样本中评估化学混合物与肥胖之间的潜在关联：我们从 2007 年至 2019 年的加拿大健康措施横断面调查中确定了 3-11 岁儿童的生物监测和健康数据。对血液或尿液中的几种相关化学物质进行了测量，并根据测量的人体测量数据对小儿肥胖进行了定义。利用基于量子的 G 计算分析，我们量化了事先选定的三种化学混合物的影响。根据有向无环图确定的社会人口和环境因素对模型进行了调整。结果通过调整后的相对风险 (RR) 和 95% 置信区间 (95% CI) 显示：我们纳入了 9147 名儿童。其中，24.1%的儿童超重或肥胖。接触双酚 A、丙烯酰胺、缩水甘油醚、金属、对羟基苯甲酸酯和砷的混合物会使儿童超重或肥胖的风险增加 45% (95% CI 1.09, 1.93)，肥胖的风险增加 109% (95% CI 1.27, 3.42)，中心性肥胖的风险增加 82% (95% CI 1.30, 2.56)：我们的研究结果表明，儿童早期接触化学品会导致儿童肥胖，而且化学品可能会产生综合影响。
{"title":"Associations between paediatric obesity, chemical mixtures and environmental factors, in a national cross-sectional study of Canadian children","authors":"Rose Dugandzic, Natalia Konstantelos, Yamei Yu, Eric Lavigne, Sebastian Srugo, Justin J. Lang, Kristian Larsen, Tyler Pollock, Paul Villeneuve, Errol M. Thomson, Miranda MacPherson, Robert Dales, Sabit Cakmak","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13117","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13117","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whilst single chemical exposures are suspected to be obesogenic, the combined role of chemical mixtures in paediatric obesity is not well understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to evaluate the potential associations between chemical mixtures and obesity in a population-based sample of Canadian children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We ascertained biomonitoring and health data for children aged 3–11 from the cross-sectional Canadian Health Measures Survey from 2007 to 2019. Several chemicals of interest were measured in blood or urine and paediatric obesity was defined based on measured anthropometrics. Using quantile-based G computational analysis, we quantified the effects of three chemical mixtures selected a priori. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic and environmental factors identified through a directed acyclic graph. Results are presented through adjusted relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 9147 children. Of these, 24.1% were overweight or obese. Exposure to the mixture of bisphenol A, acrylamide, glycidamide, metals, parabens and arsenic increased the risk of childhood overweight or obesity by 45% (95% CI 1.09, 1.93), obesity by 109% (95% CI 1.27, 3.42) and central obesity by 82% (95% CI 1.30, 2.56).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings support the role of early childhood chemical exposures in paediatric obesity and the potential combined effects of chemicals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141316288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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