This approach seeks to formalize the study of impact of science on society, and institute it as a robust discipline within the social sciences. Among the fundamental constituent principles of this paper is that this approach could be gainfully employed for both science and technology, and the differentiation between the two could sometimes be razor thin. Secondly, it is important to note that not all technologies or scientific paradigms impact society in the same way, or different sections and segments of society in the same way. Therefore, the very nature of the technology, the vertical percolation of science within society needs to be studied along with its spatial spread. Furthermore, the percolation of science and technology across societies may vary, along with its spatial spread within a society. These factors must be juxtaposed with the very nature of a given culture, its more, norms, receptivity, along with a study of cults, ideologies, and dogmas associated with that culture. We hope and expect that this paper which extends the concepts of our previously published paper on the “sociology of science”, would become a vibrant and emergent field of study in social and cultural anthropology, and would also be allied inalienably with our globalization of science movement. Although similar programs exist (these are also reviewed), we believe our approach will take such studies one step further, because it is social science based, and extend its aims and objectives as well.
{"title":"Understanding the social and cultural dynamics of science and technology: A social sciences approach for understanding science and technology in relation to society and culture","authors":"Sujay Rao Mandavilli Mandavilli","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4896208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4896208","url":null,"abstract":"This approach seeks to formalize the study of impact of science on society, and institute it as a robust discipline within the social sciences. Among the fundamental constituent principles of this paper is that this approach could be gainfully employed for both science and technology, and the differentiation between the two could sometimes be razor thin. Secondly, it is important to note that not all technologies or scientific paradigms impact society in the same way, or different sections and segments of society in the same way. Therefore, the very nature of the technology, the vertical percolation of science within society needs to be studied along with its spatial spread. Furthermore, the percolation of science and technology across societies may vary, along with its spatial spread within a society. These factors must be juxtaposed with the very nature of a given culture, its more, norms, receptivity, along with a study of cults, ideologies, and dogmas associated with that culture. We hope and expect that this paper which extends the concepts of our previously published paper on the “sociology of science”, would become a vibrant and emergent field of study in social and cultural anthropology, and would also be allied inalienably with our globalization of science movement. Although similar programs exist (these are also reviewed), we believe our approach will take such studies one step further, because it is social science based, and extend its aims and objectives as well.","PeriodicalId":21855,"journal":{"name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141819415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The starting point of this paper is a very brief overview and review of the concepts and postulates of our previously published paper “Baking innovative and creative thinking techniques into scientific method: Towards innovative and creative techniques as an intrinsic part of scientific method for higher scientific and research output”, which was published by us in the early part of 2024. We then also review and summarize various existing innovative and creative research techniques such as the six hat thinking techniques and lateral thinking techniques, and then proceed to overview our approach which was called the “Structured innovative thinking techniques for Social Sciences Research”. This approach is suitably expanded upon and forms the logical basis of this entire paper. There are multiple points of interface with our earlier papers to varying degrees, and these include our papers on twenty-first century intellectualism, the eight pillars of social science research methods and techniques, and the theory of paradoxes, which we have published in the recent past, albeit to a much smaller extent and degree. We believe that this paper will add enormous value to science in general, and catapult scientific activity to a much higher league. It is as such in tandem with our broader globalization of science movement.
{"title":"Propounding \"Structured innovative thinking techniques for Social Sciences Research\": Why this can be a game changer in social sciences research","authors":"Sujay Rao Mandavilli Mandavilli","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4889628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4889628","url":null,"abstract":"The starting point of this paper is a very brief overview and review of the concepts and postulates of our previously published paper “Baking innovative and creative thinking techniques into scientific method: Towards innovative and creative techniques as an intrinsic part of scientific method for higher scientific and research output”, which was published by us in the early part of 2024. We then also review and summarize various existing innovative and creative research techniques such as the six hat thinking techniques and lateral thinking techniques, and then proceed to overview our approach which was called the “Structured innovative thinking techniques for Social Sciences Research”. This approach is suitably expanded upon and forms the logical basis of this entire paper. There are multiple points of interface with our earlier papers to varying degrees, and these include our papers on twenty-first century intellectualism, the eight pillars of social science research methods and techniques, and the theory of paradoxes, which we have published in the recent past, albeit to a much smaller extent and degree. We believe that this paper will add enormous value to science in general, and catapult scientific activity to a much higher league. It is as such in tandem with our broader globalization of science movement.","PeriodicalId":21855,"journal":{"name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Our model, which analyses multi‐decade annual data from the European Union, suggests that gender inequality mediates the relationship between institutional quality and economic outcomes. We find that institutional quality significantly influences these outcomes, with positive associations with trade and per capita GDP, and negative associations with innovation. Institutional quality positively (negatively) impacts labour force (educational) inequality. Institutions prioritize reducing labour force inequality to boost trade and per capita GDP but struggle to address educational inequality, which does not similarly contribute to economic growth. Whereas labour force inequality negligibly impacts innovation, educational inequality significantly impedes it.
我们的模型分析了欧盟几十年的年度数据，结果表明，性别不平等在制度质量和经济成果之间起着中介作用。我们发现，制度质量对这些结果有重大影响，与贸易和人均 GDP 呈正相关，与创新呈负相关。制度质量对劳动力（教育）不平等产生积极（消极）影响。制度优先考虑减少劳动力不平等，以促进贸易和人均 GDP，但却难以解决教育不平等问题，因为教育不平等同样不会促进经济增长。劳动力不平等对创新的影响可以忽略不计，而教育不平等则严重阻碍了创新。
{"title":"Gender Inequality, Institutional Quality, and Economic Outcomes in the European Union","authors":"Hyun-Jung Nam, Doojin Ryu, Peter G. Szilagyi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4801421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4801421","url":null,"abstract":"Our model, which analyses multi‐decade annual data from the European Union, suggests that gender inequality mediates the relationship between institutional quality and economic outcomes. We find that institutional quality significantly influences these outcomes, with positive associations with trade and per capita GDP, and negative associations with innovation. Institutional quality positively (negatively) impacts labour force (educational) inequality. Institutions prioritize reducing labour force inequality to boost trade and per capita GDP but struggle to address educational inequality, which does not similarly contribute to economic growth. Whereas labour force inequality negligibly impacts innovation, educational inequality significantly impedes it.","PeriodicalId":21855,"journal":{"name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We study behavioral responses to personal wealth taxes in Colombia. We utilize tax microdata from 1993 to 2016 linked with the leaked Panama Papers to investigate offshoring to the country’s key tax havens. We leverage variation from discrete jumps in tax liability and four major reforms to the wealth tax system, including changes in tax rates and duration, using bunching and difference-in-difference techniques. We find compelling evidence that taxpayers instantly reduce the wealth they declare in response to a wealth tax. Moreover, these effects can persist for years even after the wealth tax is no longer in place, providing the first evidence of a hysteresis effect for a temporary tax policy. The response is driven by misreporting items that authorities cannot cross-verify, such as overstating debt and understating non-third-party-reported business assets. Additionally, the wealthiest taxpayers respond to wealth tax increases by hiding assets in hard-to-track entities in tax havens.
{"title":"Behavioral Responses to Wealth Taxation: Evidence from Colombia","authors":"Juliana Londoño-Vélez, Javier Ávila Mahecha","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4722975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4722975","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We study behavioral responses to personal wealth taxes in Colombia. We utilize tax microdata from 1993 to 2016 linked with the leaked Panama Papers to investigate offshoring to the country’s key tax havens. We leverage variation from discrete jumps in tax liability and four major reforms to the wealth tax system, including changes in tax rates and duration, using bunching and difference-in-difference techniques. We find compelling evidence that taxpayers instantly reduce the wealth they declare in response to a wealth tax. Moreover, these effects can persist for years even after the wealth tax is no longer in place, providing the first evidence of a hysteresis effect for a temporary tax policy. The response is driven by misreporting items that authorities cannot cross-verify, such as overstating debt and understating non-third-party-reported business assets. Additionally, the wealthiest taxpayers respond to wealth tax increases by hiding assets in hard-to-track entities in tax havens.","PeriodicalId":21855,"journal":{"name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the influence of central bank private-sector quantitative easing (QE) policies on firms’ voluntary disclosures. While the effects of QE on borrowing costs and asset prices are well documented, spillovers in the disclosure realm remain understudied. This study specifically analyzes the effects of the Corporate Sector Purchase Program (CSPP), a private-sector QE policy implemented by the European Central Bank (ECB) in 2016 targeting corporate bonds in the euro area. Applying a difference-in-differences methodology to pre- and post-CSPP periods, I find that firms whose bonds the central bank purchased under the CSPP decreased their voluntary disclosures, particularly those related to cash flows and liabilities. My analysis attributes this decrease to reduced demand for firm-specific information from the central bank. My findings highlight the indirect consequences of QE monetary policy tools on corporate disclosure and contribute to the understanding of the transmission of monetary policy and investor-clientele dynamics.
{"title":"Voluntary disclosures and monetary policy: evidence from quantitative easing","authors":"Roberto Vincenzi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4879494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4879494","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the influence of central bank private-sector quantitative easing (QE) policies on firms’ voluntary disclosures. While the effects of QE on borrowing costs and asset prices are well documented, spillovers in the disclosure realm remain understudied. This study specifically analyzes the effects of the Corporate Sector Purchase Program (CSPP), a private-sector QE policy implemented by the European Central Bank (ECB) in 2016 targeting corporate bonds in the euro area. Applying a difference-in-differences methodology to pre- and post-CSPP periods, I find that firms whose bonds the central bank purchased under the CSPP decreased their voluntary disclosures, particularly those related to cash flows and liabilities. My analysis attributes this decrease to reduced demand for firm-specific information from the central bank. My findings highlight the indirect consequences of QE monetary policy tools on corporate disclosure and contribute to the understanding of the transmission of monetary policy and investor-clientele dynamics.","PeriodicalId":21855,"journal":{"name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruth V. Aguilera, Ryan Federo, Raquel Justo, Adrian L. Merida, B. Pascual-Fuster
Scholarly interest in business groups (BGs) has grown considerably over the years, as they emerged as important players in the global economy. Yet, there exist ample differences in the corporate governance, strategies, and performance of BG‐affiliated firms. Given that BGs differ substantially across national institutional contexts, previous studies provide inconclusive arguments and empirical evidence regarding the complex relationship between corporate governance and firm performance within BGs.Our review of 301 articles published in highly ranked journals between 1986 and 2023 establishes a mechanism‐based framework to explain the effect of BG affiliation, ownership structure, and corporate governance practices on firm performance. We also reveal that many relationships between these factors vary cross‐nationally and over time, contingent on the national institutional strength where BGs are domiciled and operate.We develop a mechanism‐based framework to unpack the relationship between corporate governance and firm performance within BGs and discuss previous studies' findings across different institutional settings. We find that some mechanisms are generally applicable to BGs in many contexts, whereas others only hold in particular institutional conditions. We then offer several research avenues for further scholarly attention.Managers and policy makers should consider cross‐national differences to fully understand BGs. Ultimately, our review demonstrates that there is no one‐size‐fits‐all approach to BGs because their roles, functioning, and outcomes differ across institutional settings.
{"title":"The Corporate Governance of Business Groups Around the World: A Review and Agenda for Future Research","authors":"Ruth V. Aguilera, Ryan Federo, Raquel Justo, Adrian L. Merida, B. Pascual-Fuster","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4885212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4885212","url":null,"abstract":"Scholarly interest in business groups (BGs) has grown considerably over the years, as they emerged as important players in the global economy. Yet, there exist ample differences in the corporate governance, strategies, and performance of BG‐affiliated firms. Given that BGs differ substantially across national institutional contexts, previous studies provide inconclusive arguments and empirical evidence regarding the complex relationship between corporate governance and firm performance within BGs.Our review of 301 articles published in highly ranked journals between 1986 and 2023 establishes a mechanism‐based framework to explain the effect of BG affiliation, ownership structure, and corporate governance practices on firm performance. We also reveal that many relationships between these factors vary cross‐nationally and over time, contingent on the national institutional strength where BGs are domiciled and operate.We develop a mechanism‐based framework to unpack the relationship between corporate governance and firm performance within BGs and discuss previous studies' findings across different institutional settings. We find that some mechanisms are generally applicable to BGs in many contexts, whereas others only hold in particular institutional conditions. We then offer several research avenues for further scholarly attention.Managers and policy makers should consider cross‐national differences to fully understand BGs. Ultimately, our review demonstrates that there is no one‐size‐fits‐all approach to BGs because their roles, functioning, and outcomes differ across institutional settings.","PeriodicalId":21855,"journal":{"name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141826649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article outlines measures to make automatic exchange of information more inclusive and efficient through a two-tiered system, while securing the effective protection of the rights of the private parties affected. It proposes incorporating such measures into a multilateral protocol of a future UN Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation.
{"title":"Automatic Exchange of Information and the Protection of Taxpayers’ Rights. Towards a New Multilateral Multi-Tiered Architecture","authors":"P. Pistone, Ivan Lazarov, A. Turina","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4760152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4760152","url":null,"abstract":"This article outlines measures to make automatic exchange of information more inclusive and efficient through a two-tiered system, while securing the effective protection of the rights of the private parties affected. It proposes incorporating such measures into a multilateral protocol of a future UN Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation.","PeriodicalId":21855,"journal":{"name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141826826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Decentralized Finance (DeFi) has reshaped the possibilities of reserve banking in the form of the Collateralized Debt Position (CDP). Key to the safety of CDPs is the money supply architecture that enables issued debt to maintain its value. In traditional markets, and with respect to the United States Dollar system, interest rates are set by the Federal Reserve in an attempt to influence the effects of excessive inflation. DeFi enables a more transparent approach that typically relies on interest rates or other debt recovery mechanisms being directly informed by asset price. This research investigates contemporary DeFi money supply and debt management strategies and their limitations. Furthermore, this paper introduces a time-weighted approach to interest rate management that implements a Proportional-Integral-Derivative control system to constantly adapt to market activities and protect the value of issued currency, while addressing observed limitations.
{"title":"Autonomous Money Supply Strategy Utilizing Control Theory","authors":"Yuval Boneh","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4844212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4844212","url":null,"abstract":"Decentralized Finance (DeFi) has reshaped the possibilities of reserve banking in the form of the Collateralized Debt Position (CDP). Key to the safety of CDPs is the money supply architecture that enables issued debt to maintain its value. In traditional markets, and with respect to the United States Dollar system, interest rates are set by the Federal Reserve in an attempt to influence the effects of excessive inflation. DeFi enables a more transparent approach that typically relies on interest rates or other debt recovery mechanisms being directly informed by asset price. This research investigates contemporary DeFi money supply and debt management strategies and their limitations. Furthermore, this paper introduces a time-weighted approach to interest rate management that implements a Proportional-Integral-Derivative control system to constantly adapt to market activities and protect the value of issued currency, while addressing observed limitations.","PeriodicalId":21855,"journal":{"name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141825252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Income Inequality in the Face of Climate Change: An Empirical Investigation on Unequal Nations, Vulnerable Regions and India","authors":"Swapnanil SenGupta, Aakansha Atal","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4831042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4831042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21855,"journal":{"name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141829104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brian Munyao Mulonzi, Mugambi Cyrus Ngumo, Lillian Kemunto Omoke
This study investigates the themes that discursively construct the COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya’s newspaper headlines, specifically focusing on their role in structuring communication related to the COVID-19 pandemic. While prior research has examined news discourse in various contexts, thematic analysis in Kenya’s news reporting has received limited attention. The study examines 59 COVID-19-related headlines drawn from The Standard and the Daily Nation newspapers. The methodology draws from the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) model, and specifically employs the Top-Down Approach of sampling texts as espoused by Mautner. Van Dijk argues that those who control discourse indirectly manipulate people’s thoughts and actions. This observation is corroborated by the study’s findings which reveal that Kenya’s print media shaped the COVID-19 discourse through the choice and framing of themes such as bondage, death, economy, education and COVID-19 research and search for vaccines. The analysis shows that Kenya’s print media largely constructed the themes in a negative way and this created a sense of crisis and fear among the populace. These feelings of fear and crisis were exacerbated because the themes encompassed aspects that are crucial to Kenyans, all of which were threatened by COVID-19. Proactive measures such as online learning during the pandemic were almost wholly excluded from the COVID-19 discourse. The media created unequal power relation with the readership by constructing itself as the reservoir of knowledge about COVID-19. The reader was positioned as subordinate and in dire need of guidance. This was an important discursive strategy for legitimizing the authority of the media about the pandemic. It is hoped that this study will make significant contribution to the fields of discourse, communication and media, as it reveals how media discourse plays a key role in shaping our understanding of pandemics.
{"title":"Themes Used to Discursively Construct the COVID-19 Pandemic in Kenya's Newspaper Headlines","authors":"Brian Munyao Mulonzi, Mugambi Cyrus Ngumo, Lillian Kemunto Omoke","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4898524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4898524","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the themes that discursively construct the COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya’s newspaper headlines, specifically focusing on their role in structuring communication related to the COVID-19 pandemic. While prior research has examined news discourse in various contexts, thematic analysis in Kenya’s news reporting has received limited attention. The study examines 59 COVID-19-related headlines drawn from The Standard and the Daily Nation newspapers. The methodology draws from the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) model, and specifically employs the Top-Down Approach of sampling texts as espoused by Mautner. Van Dijk argues that those who control discourse indirectly manipulate people’s thoughts and actions. This observation is corroborated by the study’s findings which reveal that Kenya’s print media shaped the COVID-19 discourse through the choice and framing of themes such as bondage, death, economy, education and COVID-19 research and search for vaccines. The analysis shows that Kenya’s print media largely constructed the themes in a negative way and this created a sense of crisis and fear among the populace. These feelings of fear and crisis were exacerbated because the themes encompassed aspects that are crucial to Kenyans, all of which were threatened by COVID-19. Proactive measures such as online learning during the pandemic were almost wholly excluded from the COVID-19 discourse. The media created unequal power relation with the readership by constructing itself as the reservoir of knowledge about COVID-19. The reader was positioned as subordinate and in dire need of guidance. This was an important discursive strategy for legitimizing the authority of the media about the pandemic. It is hoped that this study will make significant contribution to the fields of discourse, communication and media, as it reveals how media discourse plays a key role in shaping our understanding of pandemics.","PeriodicalId":21855,"journal":{"name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141829566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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