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Recent advances in lithiophilic materials: material design and prospects for lithium metal anode application 亲锂材料的最新进展:材料设计与锂金属阳极应用前景
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/energymater.2023.08
Jiaxiang Liu, Nanbiao Pei, Xueying Yang, Ruiyang Li, Haiming Hua, Peng Zhang, Jinbao Zhao
The rapid development of electronic technology and energy industry promotes the increasing desire for energy storage systems with high energy density, thus calling for the exploration of lithium metal anode. However, the enormous challenges, such as uncontrollable lithium deposition, side reaction, infinite volume change and dendrite generation, hinders its application. To address these problems, the deposition behavior of lithium must be exactly controlled and the anode/electrolyte interface must be stabilized. The deposition of lithium is a multi-step process influenced by multi-physical fields, where nucleation is the key to final morphology. Hence, increasing investigations have focused on the employment of lithiophilic materials that can regulate lithium nucleation in recent years. The lithiophilic materials introduced into the deposition hosts or solid electrolyte interphases can regulate the nucleation overpotential and facilitate uniform deposition. However, the concept of lithiophilicity is still undefined and the mechanism is still unrevealed. In this review, the recent advances in the regulation mechanisms of lithiophilicity are discussed, and the applications of lithiophilic materials in hosts and protective interphases are summarized. The in-depth exploration of lithiophilic materials can enhance our understanding of the deposition behavior of lithium and pave the way for practical lithium metal batteries.
电子技术和能源工业的快速发展,促使人们对高能量密度储能系统的需求日益增长,这就要求对锂金属阳极进行探索。然而,不可控的锂沉积、副反应、无限体积变化和枝晶生成等巨大挑战阻碍了其应用。为了解决这些问题,必须精确控制锂的沉积行为,并且必须稳定阳极/电解质界面。锂的沉积是一个受多物理场影响的多步骤过程,其中成核是最终形貌的关键。因此,近年来越来越多的研究集中在使用亲锂材料来调节锂的成核。在沉积基质或固体电解质界面中引入亲锂材料可以调节成核过电位,促进均匀沉积。然而,亲石性的概念仍未明确,其机制也尚未揭示。本文综述了近年来亲石性调控机制的研究进展,并对亲石材料在寄主和保护界面中的应用进行了综述。对亲锂材料的深入探索可以增强我们对锂沉积行为的认识,为实用的锂金属电池铺平道路。
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引用次数: 1
Advanced 3D-structured electrode for potassium metal anodes 用于金属钾阳极的先进3d结构电极
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/energymater.2023.05
Dongqing Liu, Jun Shen, Zelang Jian, Xingke Cai
The potassium (K) metal anode, following the "Holy Grail" Li metal anode, is one of the most promising anode materials for next-generation batteries. In comparison with Li, K exhibits even more pronounced energy storage properties. However, it suffers from similar challenges as most alkali metal anodes, such as safety and cyclability issues. Borrowing strategies from Li/Na metal anodes, the three-dimensional (3D)-structured current collector has proven to be a universal and effective strategy. This study examines the recent research progress of 3D-structured electrodes for K metal anodes, focusing on the most commonly used host materials, including carbon-, metal-, and MXene-related electrode materials. Finally, existing challenges, various perspectives on the rational design of K metal anodes, and the future development of K batteries are presented.
继“圣杯”锂金属阳极之后,钾(K)金属阳极是下一代电池最有前途的阳极材料之一。与Li相比,K表现出更明显的储能特性。然而,它面临着与大多数碱金属阳极类似的挑战,例如安全性和可循环性问题。借鉴Li/Na金属阳极的策略,三维(3D)结构集流器已被证明是一种普遍有效的策略。本研究考察了K金属阳极3d结构电极的最新研究进展,重点关注了最常用的主体材料,包括碳、金属和mxene相关电极材料。最后,对目前存在的挑战、合理设计K金属阳极的各种观点以及K电池的未来发展进行了展望。
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引用次数: 1
Iron phthalocyanine coupled with nickel-iron selenide layered hydroxide derivative as dual-functional oxygen electrocatalyst for rechargeable zinc-air batteries 酞菁铁与硒化镍铁层状氢氧衍生物偶联作为可充电锌空气电池双功能氧电催化剂
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/energymater.2023.09
Guang-Lan Li, Kuang Sheng, Yu Lei, Feng Zhang, Juan Yang, Baobao Chang, Liping Zheng, Xian-you Wang
The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for dual-functional non-precious metal electrocatalysts are promising alternatives for Pt/Ru-based materials in rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs). However, how to achieve dual-functional oxygen electrocatalytic activity on single-component catalysts and identify the sites responsible for ORR and OER still face many challenges. Herein, an efficient and stable dual-functional electrocatalyst is fabricated by a two-step hydrothermal method with iron phthalocyanine (FePc) π-π stacking on nickel-iron selenide layered hydroxide derivatives (Se/Ni3Se4/Fe3O4). The as-prepared multi-component catalyst (named as FePc/Se@NiFe) exhibits better oxygen electrocatalytic properties than Pt/Ru-based catalysts, with a half-wave potential (E1/2) of 0.90 V and an overpotential of 10 mA cm-2 (Ej10) of 320 mV. More importantly, chronoamperometry (I-T) and accelerated durability tests (ADT) show the unordinary stability of the catalyst. Both physical characterization and experimental results verify that the Fe-N4 moieties and Ni3Se4 crystalline phase are the main active sites for ORR and OER activities, respectively. The small potential gap (ΔE = Ej10 - E1/2 = 0.622 V) represents superior dual-functional activities of the FePc/Se@NiFe catalyst. Subsequently, the ZABs assembled using FePc/Se@NiFe exhibit excellent performances. This study offers a promising design concept for promoting further development of high-performance ORR and OER electrocatalysts and their application in ZAB.
双功能非贵金属电催化剂的氧还原反应(ORR)和析氧反应(OER)是铂/钌基材料在可充电锌空气电池(ZABs)中很有前途的替代品。然而,如何在单组分催化剂上实现双功能氧电催化活性,并确定ORR和OER位点仍面临诸多挑战。本文采用两步水热法制备了酞菁铁(FePc) π-π层积在硒化镍铁层状氢氧化物衍生物(Se/Ni3Se4/Fe3O4)上的高效、稳定的双功能电催化剂。制备的多组分催化剂FePc/Se@NiFe表现出比Pt/ ru基催化剂更好的氧电催化性能,其半波电位(E1/2)为0.90 V,过电位为10 mA cm-2 (Ej10)为320 mV。更重要的是,计时电流(I-T)和加速耐久性测试(ADT)显示了催化剂非同寻常的稳定性。物理表征和实验结果都证实了Fe-N4部分和Ni3Se4晶相分别是ORR和OER活性的主要活性位点。较小的电势间隙(ΔE = Ej10 - E1/2 = 0.622 V)表明FePc/Se@NiFe催化剂具有较好的双功能活性。随后,用FePc/Se@NiFe组装的ZABs表现出优异的性能。该研究为进一步开发高性能ORR和OER电催化剂及其在ZAB中的应用提供了一个有希望的设计理念。
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引用次数: 0
Revealing energy storage mechanism of CsPbBr3 perovskite for ultra-stable symmetric supercapacitors 揭示CsPbBr3钙钛矿用于超稳定对称超级电容器的储能机理
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/energymater.2022.81
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引用次数: 4
Energy Materials: Structure, Properties and Applications 能源材料:结构、性能和应用
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-3866-7
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引用次数: 1
The application of in situ liquid cell TEM in advanced battery research 原位液体电池透射电镜在先进电池研究中的应用
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/energymater.2023.14
Yi Yuan, S. Pu, Xiangwen Gao, A. Robertson
The fast development of modern battery research highly relies on advanced characterisation methods to unveil the fundamental mechanisms of their electrochemical processes. The continued development of in situ characterisation techniques allows the study of dynamic changes during battery cycling rather than just the initial and the final phase. Among these, in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is able to provide direct observation of the structural and morphological evolution in batteries at the nanoscale. Using a compact liquid cell configuration, which allows a fluid to be safely imaged in the high vacuum of the TEM, permits the study of a wide range of candidate liquid electrolytes. In this review, the experimental setup is outlined and the important points for reliable operation are summarised, which are critical to the safety and reproducibility of experiments. Furthermore, the application of in situ liquid cell TEM in understanding various aspects, including dendrite growth, the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation, and the electrode structural evolution in different battery systems, is systematically presented. Finally, challenges in the current application and perspectives of the future development of the in situ liquid cell TEM technique are briefly addressed.
现代电池研究的快速发展在很大程度上依赖于先进的表征方法来揭示其电化学过程的基本机制。原位表征技术的持续发展允许研究电池循环过程中的动态变化,而不仅仅是初始和最终阶段。其中,原位透射电子显微镜(TEM)能够在纳米尺度上直接观察电池的结构和形态演变。使用紧凑的液体电池结构,可以在TEM的高真空中安全地对流体进行成像,从而可以研究广泛的候选液体电解质。本文概述了实验设置,并总结了可靠操作的要点,这些要点对实验的安全性和可重复性至关重要。此外,系统地介绍了原位液体电池透射电镜在不同电池系统中枝晶生长、固体电解质界面(SEI)形成和电极结构演变等方面的应用。最后简要介绍了原位液体电池透射电镜技术目前应用中存在的挑战和未来发展的展望。
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引用次数: 1
Understanding of working mechanism of lithium difluoro(oxalato) borate in Li||NCM85 battery with enhanced cyclic stability 二氟(草酸)硼酸锂在Li| NCM85电池中增强循环稳定性的工作机理研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/energymater.2023.10
Xuerui Yang, Yaxin Huang, Jianhui Li, Weilin Huang, Wen Yang, Changquan Wu, Shijun Tang, F. Ren, Z. Gong, N. Zhou, Yong Yang
Despite the significant advances achieved in recent years, the development of efficient electrolyte additives to mitigate the performance degradation during long-term cycling of high-energy density lithium||nickel-rich (Li||Ni-rich) batteries remains a significant challenge. To achieve a rational design of electrolytes and avoid unnecessary waste of resources due to trial and error, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanism of key electrolyte components, including salts, solvents, and additives. Herein, we present the utilization of lithium difluoro(oxalate) borate (B) (LiDFOB), a B-containing lithium salt, as a functional additive for Li||LiNi0.85Co0.1Mn0.05O2 (NCM85) batteries, and comprehensively investigate its mechanism of action towards enhancing the stability of both anode and cathode interfaces. The preferential reduction and oxidation decomposition of DFOB- leads to the formation of a robust and highly electronically insulating boron-rich interfacial film on the surface of both the Li anode and NCM85 cathode. This film effectively suppresses the consumption of active lithium and the severe decomposition of the electrolyte. Furthermore, the presence of B elements in the cathode-electrolyte interfacial film, such as BF3, BF2OH, and BF2OBF2 compounds, can coordinate with the lattice oxygen of the cathode, forming strong coordination bonds. This can significantly alleviate lattice oxygen loss and mitigate detrimental structural degradation of the Ni-rich cathode. Consequently, the Li||NCM85 battery cycled in LiDFOB-containing electrolyte displays superior capacity retention of 74% after 300 cycles, even at a high charge cut-off voltage of 4.6 V. The comprehensive analysis of the working mechanisms of LiDFOB offers valuable insights for the rational design of electrolytes featuring multifunctional lithium salts or additives for high energy density lithium metal batteries.
尽管近年来取得了重大进展,但开发高效的电解质添加剂以减轻高能密度富镍锂电池在长期循环过程中的性能下降仍然是一个重大挑战。为了实现电解质的合理设计,避免因试错而造成不必要的资源浪费,全面了解盐、溶剂、添加剂等关键电解质成分的作用机理至关重要。本文利用含B的锂盐二氟(草酸)硼酸锂(LiDFOB)作为Li| LiNi0.85Co0.1Mn0.05O2 (NCM85)电池的功能添加剂,全面研究了其增强阳极和阴极界面稳定性的作用机理。DFOB-的优先还原和氧化分解导致在Li阳极和NCM85阴极表面形成坚固且高度电子绝缘的富硼界面膜。该薄膜有效地抑制了活性锂的消耗和电解质的严重分解。此外,阴极-电解质界面膜中B元素的存在,如BF3、BF2OH和BF2OBF2化合物,可以与阴极的晶格氧配位,形成强配键。这可以显著减轻晶格氧损失和减轻有害的结构退化的富镍阴极。因此,在含lidfob的电解液中循环的Li| NCM85电池在300次循环后,即使在4.6 V的高充电截止电压下,也显示出74%的优异容量保持率。全面分析锂离子电池的工作机理,为高能量密度锂金属电池的多功能锂盐或添加剂电解质的合理设计提供了有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 1
Enhanced all-climate sodium-ion batteries performance in a low-defect and Na-enriched Prussian blue analogue cathode by nickel substitution 用镍取代法在低缺陷富钠普鲁士蓝模拟阴极中提高全天候钠离子电池性能
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/energymater.2022.71
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引用次数: 3
Recent processing of interaction mechanisms of single metallic atom/clusters in energy electrocatalysis 能量电催化中单金属原子/团簇相互作用机理研究进展
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/energymater.2023.13
Yifan Wei, Huicong Xia, Wenfu Yan, Jia-Nan Zhang
Understanding the interactions between single metallic atom/clusters (SMACs) has been taken to an unprecedented level, due to the delicate conditions required to produce exotic phenomena in electrode materials, such as thermocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and energy storage devices. Recently, state-of-the-art synthesis methods, such as one-step pyrolysis and multistep pyrolysis, have been developed for SMACs. Herein the interactions between SMACs such as synergetic, charge redistribution effects, and mutual assistance effects, are studied. SMACs have the advantage of maximum utilization of atoms and scattered active sites compared to single metal atoms, and they also have flexible and tunable atom clusters. SMACs have been widely developed and have shown excellent catalytic performance in electrocatalysis. Herein, the self-interaction between SMACs and their catalytic mechanisms are systematically described. The challenges in current synthesis strategies, catalytic mechanisms, and industrial applications of SMACs are analyzed, and a possible synthesis method for SMACs is proposed.
由于在电极材料(如热催化、电催化和储能装置)中产生奇异现象所需的微妙条件,对单金属原子/簇(SMACs)之间相互作用的理解已经达到了前所未有的水平。近年来,SMACs的一步热解和多步热解等合成方法得到了发展。本文研究了smac之间的协同效应、电荷重分配效应和互助效应等相互作用。与单一金属原子相比,SMACs具有最大限度地利用原子和分散活性位点的优点,并且具有灵活可调的原子团簇。SMACs在电催化中表现出优异的催化性能,得到了广泛的发展。本文系统地描述了SMACs之间的自相互作用及其催化机理。分析了目前SMACs的合成策略、催化机理和工业应用中存在的挑战,并提出了SMACs的可能合成方法。
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引用次数: 2
Progress in the high-temperature synthesis of atomically dispersed metal on carbon and understanding of their formation mechanism 碳原子分散金属的高温合成及其形成机理的研究进展
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.20517/energymater.2022.77
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Solar Energy Materials
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