Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/03071022.2022.2044213
Lauren Banko
ABSTRACT Deportations of socio-economically marginal migrants are a form of quiet, non-brutal violence. This violence is not spectacular nor does it typically cause immediate injury or death. Building on histories of immigration and deportation, research on structural violence in colonial settings and critical studies of affect and emotion, this article considers how the deportation regime in the interwar Middle East and specifically in Palestine affected precarious migrants. During the interwar years in mandate Palestine, quiet colonial violence came to guide emotional and affective encounters between the British-run administration and the migrants it deemed illegible. Focusing on the condition of deportability, inscribed upon migrants who could not present identity documents or prove their legible existence in Palestine, this article foregrounds the framing of the colonial state as an object of emotional investment for these migrants. For refugees, the displaced, orphans, single women and labour migrants who were in Palestine without permission, deportability was an embodied and affectively charged condition of being. The article argues that existence in the colonial state was entirely contingent on being legible. Being illegible, then, was to be open to the quiet violence of colonialism. It considers how the archive presents the voices of deportable migrants and their often ordinary cross-border trajectories.
{"title":"The quiet violence of colonialism and the uncertainty of illegibility: emotions and experiences of the deportable in Mandate Palestine","authors":"Lauren Banko","doi":"10.1080/03071022.2022.2044213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071022.2022.2044213","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Deportations of socio-economically marginal migrants are a form of quiet, non-brutal violence. This violence is not spectacular nor does it typically cause immediate injury or death. Building on histories of immigration and deportation, research on structural violence in colonial settings and critical studies of affect and emotion, this article considers how the deportation regime in the interwar Middle East and specifically in Palestine affected precarious migrants. During the interwar years in mandate Palestine, quiet colonial violence came to guide emotional and affective encounters between the British-run administration and the migrants it deemed illegible. Focusing on the condition of deportability, inscribed upon migrants who could not present identity documents or prove their legible existence in Palestine, this article foregrounds the framing of the colonial state as an object of emotional investment for these migrants. For refugees, the displaced, orphans, single women and labour migrants who were in Palestine without permission, deportability was an embodied and affectively charged condition of being. The article argues that existence in the colonial state was entirely contingent on being legible. Being illegible, then, was to be open to the quiet violence of colonialism. It considers how the archive presents the voices of deportable migrants and their often ordinary cross-border trajectories.","PeriodicalId":21866,"journal":{"name":"Social History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88544507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/03071022.2022.2045746
M. Roberts
continually made the same point using slightly different language. Tighter editing would have addressed these issues. This is a decent book and is worth a read, but those approaching it should be aware that the central thesis so self-confidently presented in the author’s introduction sounds more exciting and interesting than the reality that has been delivered. Maladies of Empire will not transform understandings of the roots of modern epidemiology. It remains, nonetheless, an important, if incremental, step in the journey of broadening our contextual understanding of the topic. Downs presents a reminder, timely if not original, that historians will be well served to apply in other historical contexts, namely that it was the victims on ‘slave ships, plantations and battlefields’ (4) who too often unwittingly provided the data and experiences that underpinned the development of modern Western knowledge.
{"title":"Celebrities, Heroes and Champions: Popular politicians in the age of reform, 1810–67","authors":"M. Roberts","doi":"10.1080/03071022.2022.2045746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071022.2022.2045746","url":null,"abstract":"continually made the same point using slightly different language. Tighter editing would have addressed these issues. This is a decent book and is worth a read, but those approaching it should be aware that the central thesis so self-confidently presented in the author’s introduction sounds more exciting and interesting than the reality that has been delivered. Maladies of Empire will not transform understandings of the roots of modern epidemiology. It remains, nonetheless, an important, if incremental, step in the journey of broadening our contextual understanding of the topic. Downs presents a reminder, timely if not original, that historians will be well served to apply in other historical contexts, namely that it was the victims on ‘slave ships, plantations and battlefields’ (4) who too often unwittingly provided the data and experiences that underpinned the development of modern Western knowledge.","PeriodicalId":21866,"journal":{"name":"Social History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72882408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/03071022.2022.2045752
Helen Cowie
Dogopolis eloquently reveals how interactions with dogs, and ideas about our canine cohabi-tors, are powerful – they have shaped cityscapes and feelings, legislation
{"title":"Dogopolis: How dogs and humans made modern New York, London, and Paris","authors":"Helen Cowie","doi":"10.1080/03071022.2022.2045752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071022.2022.2045752","url":null,"abstract":"Dogopolis eloquently reveals how interactions with dogs, and ideas about our canine cohabi-tors, are powerful – they have shaped cityscapes and feelings, legislation","PeriodicalId":21866,"journal":{"name":"Social History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87758675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/03071022.2022.2045759
E. Loomis
{"title":"The Story of Work: A new history of humankind","authors":"E. Loomis","doi":"10.1080/03071022.2022.2045759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071022.2022.2045759","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21866,"journal":{"name":"Social History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81863157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-03DOI: 10.1080/03071022.2022.2044206
Martin Lutz, D. Sabean
ABSTRACT This article analyses the dynamic and frequently conflictual dimension of establishing transnational coordination in the Siemens kin group during an age of nationalism and imperialism. Recent historiography has emphasised the role of kinship in nineteenth-century globalisation. Scholars point to the role of entrepreneurial families in establishing transnational networks as a means to expand their business beyond regional or national settings. However, this literature considers kinship a priori as a foundation of entrepreneurial success and does not take the constructed character of kin relations into account. Three brothers and their families are at the core of this study: Werner in Berlin, William in London and Carl in St Petersburg. The analysis shows how the vast transnational Siemens enterprise was built on distinctly modern notions of kinship, when the originally Berlin-based firm expanded into a complex transnational entity united by a shared identity of familial connection. In this process, notions of kin were constantly reassessed and renegotiated, centring around the question of how ‘German’ the Siemens family and their enterprises were perceived to be. We argue that the ability to mediate these conflicts was crucial to the persistence, expansion and intergenerational continuity of Siemens’s globalisation strategy, where family and business logics were deeply intertwined.
{"title":"Kinship, conflict and transnational coordination: the Siemens family’s globalisation strategies in the nineteenth century","authors":"Martin Lutz, D. Sabean","doi":"10.1080/03071022.2022.2044206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071022.2022.2044206","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article analyses the dynamic and frequently conflictual dimension of establishing transnational coordination in the Siemens kin group during an age of nationalism and imperialism. Recent historiography has emphasised the role of kinship in nineteenth-century globalisation. Scholars point to the role of entrepreneurial families in establishing transnational networks as a means to expand their business beyond regional or national settings. However, this literature considers kinship a priori as a foundation of entrepreneurial success and does not take the constructed character of kin relations into account. Three brothers and their families are at the core of this study: Werner in Berlin, William in London and Carl in St Petersburg. The analysis shows how the vast transnational Siemens enterprise was built on distinctly modern notions of kinship, when the originally Berlin-based firm expanded into a complex transnational entity united by a shared identity of familial connection. In this process, notions of kin were constantly reassessed and renegotiated, centring around the question of how ‘German’ the Siemens family and their enterprises were perceived to be. We argue that the ability to mediate these conflicts was crucial to the persistence, expansion and intergenerational continuity of Siemens’s globalisation strategy, where family and business logics were deeply intertwined.","PeriodicalId":21866,"journal":{"name":"Social History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83121480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03071022.2022.2009693
C. Bonfiglioli
ABSTRACT State socialist women’s organizations were particularly active in Yugoslav industrial towns with a significant female workforce, as in the case of the Croatian mill town of Duga Resa. By exploring the local activities of the Conference for the Social Activity of Women (KDAŽ), this article contributes to historiographical debates regarding state socialist women’s organizations and women’s agency as well as to the recent revival of interest in the social history of the post-Yugoslav region. An analysis of reflexive and representative archival sources, namely minutes of party and municipal meetings as well as official publications, shows that working women’s double burden was not silenced but was frequently discussed by socialist authorities, women’s organizations and female workers themselves. Through the Yugoslav politics of self-management, local KDAŽ activists often lobbied for better working and welfare rights, especially the provision of housing and childcare facilities for working mothers. While KDAŽ activists’ agency was shaped by dominant social norms, the possibilities for voicing open criticism in socialist Yugoslavia meant that a certain degree of bottom-up initiative was possible. The archives of municipal and socio-political organizations, therefore, are of fundamental importance in understanding working women’s position at the intersection of gender and labour history.
{"title":"State socialist women’s organizations within Yugoslav factories: a case study of local activism in the Duga Resa cotton mill","authors":"C. Bonfiglioli","doi":"10.1080/03071022.2022.2009693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071022.2022.2009693","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT State socialist women’s organizations were particularly active in Yugoslav industrial towns with a significant female workforce, as in the case of the Croatian mill town of Duga Resa. By exploring the local activities of the Conference for the Social Activity of Women (KDAŽ), this article contributes to historiographical debates regarding state socialist women’s organizations and women’s agency as well as to the recent revival of interest in the social history of the post-Yugoslav region. An analysis of reflexive and representative archival sources, namely minutes of party and municipal meetings as well as official publications, shows that working women’s double burden was not silenced but was frequently discussed by socialist authorities, women’s organizations and female workers themselves. Through the Yugoslav politics of self-management, local KDAŽ activists often lobbied for better working and welfare rights, especially the provision of housing and childcare facilities for working mothers. While KDAŽ activists’ agency was shaped by dominant social norms, the possibilities for voicing open criticism in socialist Yugoslavia meant that a certain degree of bottom-up initiative was possible. The archives of municipal and socio-political organizations, therefore, are of fundamental importance in understanding working women’s position at the intersection of gender and labour history.","PeriodicalId":21866,"journal":{"name":"Social History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77672493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03071022.2022.2009698
Jeremiah Sladeck
and its favouring of free settlers; displacement and genocidal mass slaughter of the native population became the rule. Modern Australia as we know it began not in 1788, but in the third decade of the nineteenth century. Karskens describes many occasions when aborigines and settlers hunted, worked and lived together, native children were adopted, and aborigines worked for wages in kind on settlers’ farms. Until the 1820s, governors frequently pardoned (‘emancipated’) suitably qualified convicts and granted them land. But within three decades the rights of convicts had been reduced to those related to their condition as people in servitude. As Alan Atkinson put it, the status of convicts became more strictly defined than had been the case, first in the American colonies and then, after the American Revolution, in New South Wales and other Australian colonies (‘The free-born Englishman transported: convict rights as a measure of eighteenth-century empire’, Past and Present, 144, (1994) 88–115). Karskens’ learned, lucid book is an inspiring example of how history should be written.
{"title":"We Are the Land: a history of Native California","authors":"Jeremiah Sladeck","doi":"10.1080/03071022.2022.2009698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071022.2022.2009698","url":null,"abstract":"and its favouring of free settlers; displacement and genocidal mass slaughter of the native population became the rule. Modern Australia as we know it began not in 1788, but in the third decade of the nineteenth century. Karskens describes many occasions when aborigines and settlers hunted, worked and lived together, native children were adopted, and aborigines worked for wages in kind on settlers’ farms. Until the 1820s, governors frequently pardoned (‘emancipated’) suitably qualified convicts and granted them land. But within three decades the rights of convicts had been reduced to those related to their condition as people in servitude. As Alan Atkinson put it, the status of convicts became more strictly defined than had been the case, first in the American colonies and then, after the American Revolution, in New South Wales and other Australian colonies (‘The free-born Englishman transported: convict rights as a measure of eighteenth-century empire’, Past and Present, 144, (1994) 88–115). Karskens’ learned, lucid book is an inspiring example of how history should be written.","PeriodicalId":21866,"journal":{"name":"Social History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84790355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03071022.2022.2009692
Deirdre J Foley
ABSTRACT Until 1973, women in the Irish civil service were legally required to retire from employment after marriage. Certain lower grades were female only, and pay grades were demarked by both marital status and gender. The marriage bar was also observed informally in teaching and in the private sector. For women who remained single, it was difficult and unusual to achieve promotion in most fields. This article explores the complex history of the civil service marriage bar in independent Ireland, and in relation to marriage bars in teaching and certain spheres of private employment. It argues that the Catholic social concept of a ‘family wage’ was central to the prevalence of the marriage bar in twentieth-century Ireland. A single-income household was seen as the ideal, with female workers often viewed by a patriarchal government and religious hierarchy as a threat to male breadwinners. While protest and opposition to the marriage bar was not always widespread, the ‘family wage’ model of employment, although idealized from Irish independence, did not fit with economic reality and the lived experience of many women. Finally, this article highlights female activism associated with the marriage bar, its eventual abrogation, and its problematic legacy for women in Ireland.
{"title":"‘Their proper place’: women, work and the marriage bar in independent Ireland, c. 1924–1973","authors":"Deirdre J Foley","doi":"10.1080/03071022.2022.2009692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071022.2022.2009692","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Until 1973, women in the Irish civil service were legally required to retire from employment after marriage. Certain lower grades were female only, and pay grades were demarked by both marital status and gender. The marriage bar was also observed informally in teaching and in the private sector. For women who remained single, it was difficult and unusual to achieve promotion in most fields. This article explores the complex history of the civil service marriage bar in independent Ireland, and in relation to marriage bars in teaching and certain spheres of private employment. It argues that the Catholic social concept of a ‘family wage’ was central to the prevalence of the marriage bar in twentieth-century Ireland. A single-income household was seen as the ideal, with female workers often viewed by a patriarchal government and religious hierarchy as a threat to male breadwinners. While protest and opposition to the marriage bar was not always widespread, the ‘family wage’ model of employment, although idealized from Irish independence, did not fit with economic reality and the lived experience of many women. Finally, this article highlights female activism associated with the marriage bar, its eventual abrogation, and its problematic legacy for women in Ireland.","PeriodicalId":21866,"journal":{"name":"Social History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87454467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03071022.2022.2009691
Nikos Potamianos
ABSTRACT Moral economy has been conceived by E.P. Thompson as being inextricably linked to popular reactions to the emergence of the free market and the government policies promoting it. How useful can the concept be in the study of social groups that form an organic part of the capitalist market and benefit from its expansion – while simultaneously being part of the popular classes? In focusing on the small shopkeeper, can we identify elements of moral economy in their views that are contrary to the logic of the market and the conventional wisdom of liberal political economy? This article offers a thorough examination of the case of Greek shopkeepers between 1916 and 1945. It presents their views regarding issues of profiteering and fair profit; unfair competition and licensed professions; and black markets and the relationship of shopkeepers to the community. The main conclusion is that a broader definition of moral economy than Thompson’s is needed in order to incorporate shopkeepers’ perceptions, freed from the obligatory reference to customary practice and tradition and the element of direct action of the crowd. Therefore, a novel distinction is proposed between a narrow and a broad definition of the moral economy.
{"title":"Do shopkeepers have their own moral economy? Profiteering, unfair competition and the black market in Greece, 1916–1945","authors":"Nikos Potamianos","doi":"10.1080/03071022.2022.2009691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071022.2022.2009691","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Moral economy has been conceived by E.P. Thompson as being inextricably linked to popular reactions to the emergence of the free market and the government policies promoting it. How useful can the concept be in the study of social groups that form an organic part of the capitalist market and benefit from its expansion – while simultaneously being part of the popular classes? In focusing on the small shopkeeper, can we identify elements of moral economy in their views that are contrary to the logic of the market and the conventional wisdom of liberal political economy? This article offers a thorough examination of the case of Greek shopkeepers between 1916 and 1945. It presents their views regarding issues of profiteering and fair profit; unfair competition and licensed professions; and black markets and the relationship of shopkeepers to the community. The main conclusion is that a broader definition of moral economy than Thompson’s is needed in order to incorporate shopkeepers’ perceptions, freed from the obligatory reference to customary practice and tradition and the element of direct action of the crowd. Therefore, a novel distinction is proposed between a narrow and a broad definition of the moral economy.","PeriodicalId":21866,"journal":{"name":"Social History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91366383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03071022.2022.2009703
N. Mayhew
{"title":"Regulating Homosexuality in Soviet Russia, 1956–1991: a different history","authors":"N. Mayhew","doi":"10.1080/03071022.2022.2009703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03071022.2022.2009703","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21866,"journal":{"name":"Social History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90419848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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