South African Journal of Botany最新文献

{"title":"Methyl jasmonate elicitation improved growth, antioxidant enzymes, and artemisinin content in in vitro callus cultures of Artemisia maritima L.","authors":"Neelofer Nabi ,&nbsp;Seema Singh ,&nbsp;Peer Saffeullah","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, callus cultures of <em>Artemisia maritima</em> L. were established through optimization of culture conditions and subsequently elicited with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) to test for enhanced artemisinin production. The callus was cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L⁻¹ kinetin (KN) and 1.0 mg L⁻¹ naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). MeJA at concentrations of 0, 50, 75, and 100 µM was employed as an abiotic elicitor to enhance artemisinin content in <em>in vitro</em>-derived callus cultures. The elicitor-mediated changes in callus growth, biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzymes, and artemisinin content were evaluated. Maximum callus proliferation was obtained on stem explant fortified with KN and NAA (each 1.0 mg L⁻¹) yielding 4.095 g of callus biomass after 4 weeks of inoculation. Antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbate peroxidase) activity increased with increasing MeJA concentration and duration of elicitation and was found to maximum at 100 µM after 21 days of elicitation. . The artemisinin content was quantified in callus cultures by HPTLC and later validated by LCMS analysis. Artemisinin content depicted a significant enhancement in all tested cultures elicited with MeJA, as compared to non-elicited (control) and wild-grown plant. The artemisinin content increased with increasing MeJA treatments and was maximum (780.36 ng g⁻¹ d.w.) in MeJA (100 µM) treated cultures as revealed by HPTLC. The study suggests MeJA elicitation as an effective strategy to expedite the production of artemisinin in <em>in vitro</em> cultures of <em>A. maritima</em>, an under-utilized species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 729-741"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-vitro and in-vivo assessments of greenly synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles from Cascabela thevetia plant extract for the treatment of ventricular septal defect","authors":"Amina Abid ,&nbsp;Muhammad Naveed ,&nbsp;Tariq Aziz ,&nbsp;Muhammad Aqib Shabbir ,&nbsp;Hira Mubeen ,&nbsp;Ayaz Ali Khan ,&nbsp;Abdullah F Alsmari","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nanotechnology holds great potential in personalized medicine and provides innovative approaches for health challenges such as cancer treatment, infectious diseases, and regenerative medicine. Potentially, greenly synthesized Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticles from &lt;em&gt;Cascabela thevetia&lt;/em&gt; can be widely applied in various biomedical applications. The cardiac glycosides present in &lt;em&gt;C.thevetia&lt;/em&gt; enhance the therapeutic value, showing synergy between nanotechnology and phytochemical properties from nature toward biomedical development. This study highlights the in-vitro and in-vivo efficacy of green-synthesized Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticles from &lt;em&gt;C.thevetia&lt;/em&gt; plant extract for the treatment of Ventricular septal defect. The methodology of study demonstrates that the plant sample of &lt;em&gt;C.thevetia&lt;/em&gt; was collected from the botanical garden of the University of Punjab, Lahore, stored in a polythene bag, and sent to the Biotechnology lab of the University of Central Punjab for further experimentation. The plant leaves were properly washed with distilled water and shed-dried for 1 week then an extract of the plant was prepared using standard protocol. In-vivo studies were performed using the &lt;em&gt;albino&lt;/em&gt; rats model to determine the efficacy of synthesized nanoparticles. Plant extract and FeCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; were mixed using 25 mM of 1:9 concentration to synthesize Fe3O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticles using ecofriendly methods. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), SEM, and UV–visible spectroscopy were performed to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. Furthermore, Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;NPs (Magnetite) were confirmed using UV visible spectroscopy value range and EDX analysis thus, subjected for their hemolytic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and antioxidant properties using in vitro biological studies. The results proved an optimized synthesis of the Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticles with a size of 47 nm analyzed by SEM and size calculated by Image J software. The particle size distribution graph was conducted using Originpro software. The antioxidant activity confirmed 96 % of DPPH inhibition and the anti-inflammatory activity confirmed the 70 % inhibition of egg albumin protein. Additionally, the anti-diabetic activity confirmed the 85 % inhibition of alpha-amylase, and hemolytic peptide activity was confirmed by 93 % inhibition. In-vivo studies revealed that rat's heart slightly treated cardiac morphology with no observation of ventricular septal defect considered the therapeutic potential of synthesized Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticles confirmed by gross examination. Future studies include the performance of detailed cytotoxicity assays on selected cell types, the assessment of green synthesis scalability, and extended in-vivo safety. Each of these steps is intended to improve the nanoparticles for practical usability, and their sustainability in the healthcare industrie","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 363-376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary comparison of the short cell phytoliths from Zea mays, Pennisetum glaucum, and Sorghum bicolor subsp. bicolor leaves","authors":"Tanya Hattingh ,&nbsp;Marion K. Bamford ,&nbsp;Maria H. Schoeman","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While numerous studies have investigated the phytoliths produced by maize (<em>Zea mays</em>), an exotic crop introduced into southern Africa during the Columbian exchange (1492–1800), our research has the potential to impact the field significantly. No previous study has been published on whether maize phytoliths can be differentiated from those created by wild and domesticated plants from southern Africa. This research is crucial in understanding whether maize phytoliths can be used as a proxy for crop usage at archaeological sites in southern Africa. In this paper, we present the results of our analysis of the leaf phytoliths of landraces/cultivars of African domesticates, specifically pearl millet (<em>Pennisetum glaucum</em>) and sorghum (<em>Sorghum bicolor</em> subsp. <em>bicolor</em>)<em>,</em> and exotic crops, namely maize<em>.</em> We explore the similarities, and differences between the short cell phytoliths produced by these crops and the wild southern African grasses closely related to them. Our data show that based on size, variant 1 cross phytoliths can be used to distinguish between maize, the African grain crops used by pre-colonial farming communities and the wild southern African grasses related to them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 457-471"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring genetic diversity in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) populations using SSR markers","authors":"Bunty Shylla ,&nbsp;Dharam Paul Sharma ,&nbsp;Anil Handa ,&nbsp;Manisha Thakur ,&nbsp;Pooja Sharma ,&nbsp;Narender Negi","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.11.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.11.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genetic diversity of apricot (<em>Prunus armeniaca</em> L.) germplasm in mid-hills of Himachal Pradesh was investigated using Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers. Apricot, a fruit-bearing tree known for its high nutritional value, requires genetic diversity analysis for effective breeding and conservation efforts. Molecular characterization using 46 SSR markers produced a total of 974 alleles with an average of 33.59 alleles per locus and PIC values ranging from 0.16 to 0.50, indicating a high level of polymorphism. PCR products of 15 indigenous collections and ‘Shakarpara’ revealed unique bands that were sequenced and subjected to BLAST, showing a high degree of homology with <em>Prunus dulcis.</em> A high quality reference genome for apricot is still unavailable, thereby limiting the elucidation of phenotypic associations with genetic background. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the genetic diversity of apricot germplasm, crucial for sustainable breeding strategies, and need for integrating advanced genomic tools to further elucidate the genetic architecture of apricot.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 50-59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auxin-like potential of essential oils in strawberry micropropagation: A sustainable approach to root induction and photosynthetic performance","authors":"Rym Chaouch ,&nbsp;Sihem Soufi ,&nbsp;Zayneb Kthiri ,&nbsp;Taoufik Bettaieb","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to establish an efficient <em>in vitro</em> plant rooting for strawberry using essential oils (EOs) as substitutes for growth regulators in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. EOs from <em>Thymus capitatus</em> and <em>Rosmarinus officinalis</em>. The major components were carvacrol (33.78 %) and δ-terpinene (23.55 %) for T. capitatus, and 1,8-cineole (17.02 %), α-pinene (13.98 %), and camphor (12.11 %) for R. officinalis. Micro-shoots were transferred to MS auxin-free, with various concentrations of thyme (TEO) and rosemary EO (REO) to determine optimal concentrations for rooting. During the acclimatization, photosynthetic performance was assessed using the MultispeQ sensor, focusing on Maximum Quantum Efficiency of Photosystem II (FV/FM), Linear Electron Flow (LEF), and Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR). Results were compared to those obtained with exogenous indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) during the rooting stage. All treatments successfully induced root formation, indicating that IBA is not essential for root induction. The most effective rooting was achieved with REO at 100 ppm and TEO at 10 ppm after 30 days. Plants acclimatized with REO at 100 ppm exhibited the highest growth rate and optimal PSII performance, indicating superior plant health and survival. Both EOs are promising for providing sustainable alternatives to reduce reliance on chemical substances, particularly during the critical rooting phase in the micropropagation of edible crops such as strawberry. REO shows potential to mimic growth hormones like IBA and even cytokinin, stimulating auxiliary shoot growth and possibly reducing genetic instability, making it a promising area for future tissue culture research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 352-362"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of growth regulators and silicon nanoparticles on enhancing morpho-structural stability in Vitex agnus-castus L. plantlets","authors":"Cokuraj M ,&nbsp;Manokari M ,&nbsp;Mohammad Faisal ,&nbsp;Abdulrahman A. Alatar ,&nbsp;Mahipal S. Shekhawat","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to analyze the impact of silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) on the <em>in vitro</em> proliferation efficiency and micro-structural developments of the <em>Vitex agnus-castus</em> L. tree. Aerosil³⁰⁰, hydrophilic silica was used to create SiNPs suspension. It was found that Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 1.0 mg L⁻¹ kinetin (Kn) generated a maximum number of shoots (6.0 ± 0.58 shoots per node explants). Shifting these buds to 1.0 mg L⁻¹ Kn and 0.15 mg L⁻¹ Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) promoted shoot proliferation (14.7 ± 1.20 shoots with 5.00 ± 0.21 cm length per explant). Significant improvements in the morphology and number of shoots (21.0 ± 1.53 shoots with 7.5 ± 0.21 cm length per explant), leaf area (1.7 ± 0.17 cm length × 0.8 ± 0.15 cm width), and fresh weight (5.8 ± 0.17 g) were recorded when this media combination was enriched with 4.0 mg L⁻¹ SiNPs, surpassing the results reported with the control and other concentrations of SiNPs. The microscopic analysis of SiNPs treated leaf and stem revealed the successful formation of tissue systems including stomata, trichomes, dermal tissues, chlorophyllous palisade and spongy parenchyma, xylem and phloem, and increased lignification in sclerenchyma within 8-weeks of incubation, leading to the subsequent development of mature vegetative shoots. The cultures from the control treatment showed thin shoots, reduced leaf area, and underdeveloped tissue systems. The shoots were rooted (100 % rooting) using half-strength MS medium fortified with 1.0 mg L⁻¹ α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and 98.3 % survival was achieved during the acclimatization of these plantlets. It is determined that incorporating a small quantity of SiNPs into the nutrient medium can increase shoot production, improve micro-morpho-anatomical features, and enhance the survival rate of plantlets of <em>V. agnus-castus</em> during the hardening phase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 500-509"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of three rootstock sources on cucumber growth and yield performance under soil-borne disease conditions","authors":"Hmoud S. Al-Debei,&nbsp;Jamal Y. Ayad,&nbsp;Ayed M. Al-Abdallat","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effects of grafting cucumber scions '189′ and 'Jad' onto three rootstocks: 'Shintoza,' 'Shintoza Suprem,' and 'Strongtoza' with a focus on yield, yield components, fruit quality, physiological performance, vigor, and disease tolerance. Grafting significantly enhanced overall yield and yield components, including fruit number, size, and weight, compared to self-rooted plants. Fruit quality, in terms of texture, firmness, and taste, improved with grafting, and grafted plants exhibited greater uniformity in fruit size and shape. Physiologically, grafted plants demonstrated higher photosynthetic rates, improved stomatal conductance, and better water use efficiency, contributing to increased plant vigor. Among the rootstocks, 'Shintoza Suprem' often led to the most robust growth. Furthermore, grafting conferred enhanced tolerance to soil-borne diseases such as nematodes and Fusarium wilt. Despite a general increase in infection rates during the second growing season, grafted plants maintained superior disease tolerance compared to self-rooted plants. These findings underscore the benefits of grafting in cucumber cultivation, recommending its practice for improved productivity and disease management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 160-170"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycorrhizopshere bacteria alleviated arsenic toxicity by regulating organic acids, glyoxalase defense system, and metal transporters in soybean plants","authors":"Zeeshan Khan ,&nbsp;Shahrukh Khan ,&nbsp;Mansour I. Almansour ,&nbsp;Muhammad Asad ,&nbsp;Mohammad Javed Ansari ,&nbsp;Hamad Khan ,&nbsp;Ijaz Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.11.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.11.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arsenic (As) contamination poses significant challenges to plant physiology and productivity. Rhizospheric microbes contribute to phytoremediation and can shield plants from As stress. However, there is still much to know about the tolerance mechanism of these microbes to As toxicity. Under As stress, soybean exhibited adverse physiological effects, including reduced shoot fresh weight (SFW) (-2%) and enhanced root fresh weight (RFW) (+24%), alongside compromised photosynthetic efficiency (-12%) and decreased crop yield (-35%). However, the co-applied synthetic community (SynCom) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) resulted in significant improvements, with an increase in SFW (+71%) and RFW (+35%). Furthermore, colonization improved significantly, with an increase in root colonization rising and arbuscular abundance (+57%). This co-application not only increased nutrient intake but also built a strong root system, which improved stress tolerance. Furthermore, the negative impact of As on the antioxidative response was best counteracted with the co-application of AMF and SynCom which considerably increased the response of lipoxygenase (LOX) activity (+16.92%), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (-23.37%), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (+54.87%) and glutathione reductase (GR) (+23.97%). Metabolically, malate, succinate, and citrate levels were altered, showing the adaptive response of soybean to As stress, which was further increased by SynCom and AMF treatments. In addition, there were notable modifications in the relative expression of metal transporter genes in both shoot and root (<em>HMA13, HMA18,</em> and <em>HMA19</em>) via combined SynCom and AMF treatments to lessen the negative impact of As-induced stress. Overall, this study demonstrates the transformational potential of co-inoculation of SynCom and AMF in improving plant resistance to heavy metal stress particularly As-induced stress, providing useful insights into long-term remediation solutions for polluted areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 171-186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functions of boron in plant roots: Current insights","authors":"Aakriti Srivastava ,&nbsp;Monika Thakur ,&nbsp;Sangeeta Pandey ,&nbsp;Chitranjan Kumar ,&nbsp;Shivesh Sharma ,&nbsp;Rupesh Deshmukh ,&nbsp;Anket Sharma ,&nbsp;Vijay Pratap Singh ,&nbsp;Durgesh Kumar Tripathi","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.07.041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.07.041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the most important components in achieving increased crop productivity is a balanced supply of necessary macro- and micronutrients. Among the various nutrients Boron (B) is recognised as a vital nutrient for the plant's life. however, inadequate availability of B can affect root development, nitrogen absorption, the integrity and function of cell walls and ultimately reduce the crop yield. Over 90 % of B in plants is found in cell wall, signifying its relevance in the growth and development of the root system. Since B is crucial for indispensable plant processes, it is a necessary constituent of rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II), acting as a binding component in the cell wall, and as a result, it maintains membrane integrity, the indole acetic acid pathway, and cell wall synthesis. Therefore, this review aimed to assemble the novel information's of the function of boron in roots of the plant, deficiency symptoms, and the mechanisms of abiotic stresses management etc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 201-210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lupeol: Bioactivity-guided cytotoxic principle from Hymenocardia acida Tul. (Phyllantaceae) suppresses signaling pathways via polypharmacology antagonism","authors":"Oluwasegun Adedokun ,&nbsp;Buniyamin Ayinde ,&nbsp;Filippo Maggi ,&nbsp;Luciano Barboni","doi":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sajb.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of medicinal plants in the management of cancer and related ailments has been known since time immemorial among African people. <em>Hymenocardia acida</em> is one such plant. This research aimed at the determination of the cytotoxic bioactive principle(s) and mechanistic determination of its mechanism of action(s). Bench-top cytotoxicity screening was carried out using <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> (20 – 100 µg/mL) and <em>Raniceps ranninus</em> (20 – 400 µg/mL), while growth inhibitory assay was carried out using Sorghum bicolor (SB) (1 - 30 mg/mL) model, the bioactivity-guided isolation of cytotoxic principle(s) was carried out using a combination of different chromatographic techniques, and probable mechanism of action was determined using <em>in silico</em> model. The crude extract (HA) and aqueous fraction (HAQ) Hymenocardia acida exhibited 100 % mortality on the <em>Raniceps ranninus</em> (RR) at different concentrations (20 – 400 μg/mL), HA and HAQ produced a significant (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) reduction in the radicle length of <em>S. bicolor</em> in a concentration-dependent manner throughout the period of the experiment. The concentration range of 7.81 and 250 µg/mL in HA and HAQ, produced 71.70 ± 1.12 – 98.99 ± 1.96 % cytotoxicity range against <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>. HA possesses a 28.90 % improvement in cytotoxic activity against HCT 116 colon cancer upon solvent partitioning, HA exhibited the highest activity against human H460 lung cancer (IC₅₀ 20.80 ± 6.10). The most active fraction of HA produced lupeol, which showed remarkable cytotoxic effects on the human HCT116 colon cancer cell lines at low concentrations. Lupeol had antagonist influence on human tyrosine kinase (cytotoxic) and ERK2 receptors (cytostatic; MAPK signaling). Findings from this research justified the ethnomedicinal claim of <em>Hymenocardia acida</em> in the treatment of tumour-related ailments</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21919,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Botany","volume":"177 ","pages":"Pages 279-294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}