South African Journal of Botany最新文献_第3页

As nature's allies: Bee honey outperforms pomegranate and lemon juices in improving physio-biochemistry, antioxidants, RubisCO gene expression, and vase life of Calendula officinalis 作为大自然的盟友：在改善金盏花的生理生化、抗氧化剂、RubisCO 基因表达和花瓶寿命方面，蜂蜂蜜优于石榴汁和柠檬汁

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2024.10.042

Mostafa M. Rady , Marwa S.M. Habib , Ibrahim A.A. Mohamed , Hesham F. Alharby , Taia A.Abd El-Mageed , El‑Sayed M. Desoky , Alaa I.B. Abou-Sreea , Esmat F. Ali

Honey, pomegranate juice, and lemon juice are natural plant growth biostimulators that contain many bioactive substances that play essential roles in many plants’ physio-biochemical processes, and development. The objectives of this research were to explore how foliar spraying with a 5 % or 10 % diluted pomegranate juice solution (DPJS), a 5 % or 10 % diluted lemon juice solution (DLJS), or a 5 % or 10 % diluted honey solution (BHS), versus a control (distilled water; D-H₂O), positively influenced the growth, pharmaceutical, and ornamental qualities of calendula (Calendula officinalis L.) plants in both the 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 seasons. Foliar spraying with 5 %- or 10 %-DPJS, 5 %- or 10 %-DLJS, or 5 %- or 10 %-BHS significantly increased photosynthesis-related assessments (total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), and net CO₂ assimilation), water use efficiency, RubisCO content and activity, RubisCO gene expression, and sugar fraction (glucose, sucrose, and starch contents). Also, osmoregulatory compounds (K⁺, total soluble sugars, and glycine betaine contents), antioxidant capacity (in terms of total flavonoid, anthocyanin, proline, ascorbate, and glutathione contents), nutrient and hormonal contents were significantly increased by foliar spraying of all the above-mentioned treatments. These positive findings were noticeably reflected in improved growth (fresh and dry plant weights), inflorescence traits (number of inflorescences on plant, fresh and dry petal weights, petal content of soluble sugars, ß-carotene, and total carotenoids), and longevity of inflorescence (vase life and water uptake by inflorescences), while electrolyte leakage and abscisic acid were noticeably decreased compared to foliar spraying with D-H₂O. The second-best treatment was 5 %-DPJS or 10 %-BHS, and they were preceded by 5 %-BHS as the best treatment, which the research results recommended applying in the field to obtain the best pharmaceutical and ornamental qualities of calendula.

蜂蜜、石榴汁和柠檬汁是天然的植物生长生物刺激剂，含有多种生物活性物质，在许多植物的生理生化过程和生长发育中发挥着重要作用。本研究的目的是探讨在 2021/2022 和 2022/2023 两个季节，叶面喷洒 5 % 或 10 % 的稀释石榴汁液（DPJS）、5 % 或 10 % 的稀释柠檬汁液（DLJS）或 5 % 或 10 % 的稀释蜂蜜溶液（BHS）与对照组（蒸馏水；D-H2O）相比，如何对金盏花（Calendula officinalis L.）植物的生长、药效和观赏性产生积极影响。叶面喷洒 5 %- 或 10 %-DPJS、5 %- 或 10 %-DLJS，或 5 %- 或 10 %-BHS，可显著提高光合作用相关评估（总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量、光系统 II 的最大量子效率（Fv/Fm）和二氧化碳净同化）、水分利用效率、RubisCO 含量和活性、RubisCO 基因表达和糖分（葡萄糖、蔗糖和淀粉含量）。此外，叶面喷洒上述所有处理后，渗透调节化合物（K+、总可溶性糖和甘氨酸甜菜碱含量）、抗氧化能力（总黄酮、花青素、脯氨酸、抗坏血酸和谷胱甘肽含量）、养分和激素含量均显著增加。与叶面喷施 D-H2O 相比，电解质渗漏和赤霉酸含量明显减少。次优处理为 5 %-DPJS 或 10 %-BHS，在它们之前的最佳处理为 5 %-BHS，研究结果建议在田间应用这些处理，以获得金盏花的最佳药用和观赏品质。

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引用次数: 0

Therapeutic mechanism of Convolvulus pluricaulis against Alzheimer's disease: Network pharmacology and molecular dynamics approach 旋覆花对阿尔茨海默病的治疗机制：网络药理学和分子动力学方法

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2024.10.008

Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis , Laila Alshuraym , Nawaf Alshammari , Mohd Adnan , Mitesh Patel

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a type of dementia most prevalent in the elderly. A perennial herb, Convolvulus pluricaulis Choisy (C. pluricaulis) is used as a traditional folk medicine to treat AD and other neurodegenerative diseases, but the mechanism of action for its treatment has not been determined. This study attempts to clarify the mechanism of AD by investigating the phytochemical constituents of C. pluricaulis and their effect on it. In order to screen the active components of C. pluricaulis, values of oral bioavailability (OB) ≥ 30 % and Drug Like (DL) ≥ 0.18 was used. STRING and the Cytoscape platform have been used to construct an interactive network of targets and compounds. The network has been analyzed by Cytohubba, whereas GO functionality, KEGG pathways and metabolic pathway enrichment were performed using SRplot. The efficient targets were identified via Maximal Clique Centrality (MCC) and Degree using CytoHubba. The possible correlation between amyloid β-protein (Aβ), Tau pathology and identified efficient targets was determined via Alzdata database, and finally the core targets were analyzed. Molecular docking analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was further used in order to determine the binding affinity between the active ingredients and the core targets. Through a network pharmacological approach, we identified key genes in cytoscape. C. pluricaulis targets 30 signaling pathways and diseases associated with AD. Based on the overall results of the present study, it was found that all 4 bioactive compounds were identified to target GSK3β, and protein-ligand complex was shown to be stable for 100 ns in a molecular dynamics simulation and exhibited relativistic conformational dynamics on the trajectory. Thus, the present study suggests that modulating GSK3β with natural compounds is an attractive approach in treating AD and other neurodegenerative diseases after required validation.

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种痴呆症，在老年人中最为常见。作为一种多年生草本植物，Convolvulus pluricaulis Choisy（C. pluricaulis）被用作治疗阿尔茨海默病和其他神经退行性疾病的传统民间药物，但其治疗作用机制尚未确定。本研究试图通过研究白花蛇舌草的植物化学成分及其对AD的影响来阐明其作用机制。为了筛选 C. pluricaulis 的活性成分，采用了口服生物利用度 (OB) ≥ 30 % 和药物相似度 (DL) ≥ 0.18 的值。STRING 和 Cytoscape 平台被用来构建靶标和化合物的互动网络。该网络由 Cytohubba 进行分析，而 GO 功能、KEGG 通路和代谢通路富集则由 SRplot 进行分析。利用 CytoHubba 通过最大剪辑中心度（MCC）和度数确定了有效靶标。通过 Alzdata 数据库确定了淀粉样β蛋白（Aβ）、Tau 病理学与高效靶点之间可能存在的相关性，最后对核心靶点进行了分析。通过分子对接分析和分子动力学（MD）模拟，进一步确定了活性成分与核心靶点的结合亲和力。通过网络药理学方法，我们确定了细胞图谱中的关键基因。C. pluricaulis针对30种信号通路和与AD相关的疾病。根据本研究的总体结果，我们发现所有 4 种生物活性化合物都以 GSK3β 为靶标，在分子动力学模拟中，蛋白质配体复合物在 100 ns 内稳定，并在轨迹上表现出相对论构象动力学。因此，本研究表明，在经过必要的验证后，用天然化合物调节GSK3β是治疗AD和其他神经退行性疾病的一种有吸引力的方法。

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引用次数: 0

The nitrogenous metabolites of pea (Pisum sativum L.): A phytochemical and pharmacological overview 豌豆（Pisum sativum L.）的含氮代谢物：植物化学和药理学概述

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2024.10.027

John Refaat Fahim

Pisum sativum L. (pea) is a rich leguminous source of many primary and secondary metabolites that underpin its nutritional, health-promoting, and medicinal traits. This plant flourishes in a symbiotic relationship with rhizobia that inhabit its root nodules, giving rise to biological nitrogen fixation aptitude. In exchange for sugars produced by pea, such soil bacteria help convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonium compounds that are then utilized by pea plants. This nitrogen-fixing capacity has therefore allowed different parts of P. sativum to accumulate structurally diverse nitrogenous principles, including proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic amino acids, oligopeptides, polypeptides, lectins, biogenic amines, alkaloids, nitrogenous bases, indoles, phospholipids, and cerebrosides. A considerable amount of research has also unveiled the protective and therapeutic potential of many of these metabolites against microbial infections, oxidative stress-related disorders, inflammation, and metabolic diseases (e.g. diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, hypertension, and renal fibrosis), while some others revealed allelopathic, antifeedant, and insect repellent properties. Therefore, this review offers a comprehensive overview on the chemical diversity and pharmacological aspects of various nitrogen-containing metabolites produced by P. sativum; highlighting their contribution to the health outcomes of this valued herb and its possible application in future phytotherapy and drug development.

Pisum sativum L.（豌豆）是一种豆科植物，含有丰富的初级和次级代谢物，是其营养、促进健康和药用特性的基础。这种植物与栖息在其根瘤中的根瘤菌建立了共生关系，从而产生了生物固氮能力。作为对豌豆产生的糖的交换，这种土壤细菌帮助将大气中的氮转化为铵化合物，然后被豌豆植物利用。因此，这种固氮能力使豌豆的不同部位积累了结构多样的含氮原理，包括蛋白源和非蛋白源氨基酸、寡肽、多肽、凝集素、生物胺、生物碱、含氮碱基、吲哚、磷脂和脑苷脂。大量研究还揭示了其中许多代谢物对微生物感染、氧化应激相关疾病、炎症和代谢性疾病（如糖尿病、高脂血症、高胆固醇血症、肥胖症、高血压和肾脏纤维化）的保护和治疗潜力，而其他一些代谢物则揭示了等位病理学、抗致病性和驱虫特性。因此，这篇综述全面概述了荠菜产生的各种含氮代谢物的化学多样性和药理学方面；强调了这些代谢物对这种珍贵草药的保健作用及其在未来植物疗法和药物开发中的可能应用。

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引用次数: 0

Domestication of ornamental plants: Breeding innovations and molecular breakthroughs to bring wild into limelight 观赏植物的驯化：育种创新和分子突破让野生植物备受瞩目

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2024.10.011

Vipasha Verma , Megha Katoch , Payal Kapoor , Aparna Misra , Bhavya Bhargava

Wild ornamental plants offer a rich reservoir of genetic resources, essential for developing new, improved cultivars. Domestication of wild ornamental plant species transforms them into distinct cultivars with enhanced attributes, imperative for enhancing the diversity, adaptability of cultivated plants and addressing the evolving demands of the floriculture industry. This review offers a novel perspective on the domestication of wild ornamentals by highlighting advancements in breeding methods, genomics, genetic engineering, and cutting-edge technologies like CRISPR-Cas9. The review underscores the importance of breeding techniques such as selection, hybridization, and QTL mapping in developing ornamental plants with desirable traits, providing a strong foundation for successful domestication. Also, it emphasizes the role of tissue culture techniques in accelerating the breeding process under controlled conditions, ensuring rapid propagation and consistency in plant quality. A significant focus is placed on the use of advanced genomic approaches, including de novo assembly and annotation, comparative genomics and transcriptomics, pangenomics, and epigenomics, in identifying and characterizing domestication related genes. The review also discusses the transformative potential of genetic engineering in developing superior ornamental cultivars with enhanced traits. Furthermore, the application of CRISPR-Cas9 is highlighted as a powerful tool for de novo domestication, enabling precise gene modifications that can accelerate the development of ornamental plants with improved aesthetics, stress resistance, and other desirable attributes. Taken together, integrating these innovative tools represent a significant leap forward, offering new possibilities for domestication of wild ornamentals.

野生观赏植物提供了丰富的遗传资源库，对开发新的改良栽培品种至关重要。驯化野生观赏植物物种可将其转化为具有更强特性的独特栽培品种，这对于提高栽培植物的多样性和适应性以及满足花卉业不断变化的需求至关重要。本综述通过强调育种方法、基因组学、基因工程和 CRISPR-Cas9 等尖端技术的进步，为野生观赏植物的驯化提供了一个新的视角。综述强调了选育、杂交和 QTL 图谱等育种技术在培育具有理想性状的观赏植物方面的重要性，为成功驯化奠定了坚实的基础。此外，它还强调了组织培养技术在受控条件下加速育种过程、确保快速繁殖和植物质量一致性方面的作用。文章重点介绍了先进基因组学方法的使用，包括从头组装和注释、比较基因组学和转录组学、泛基因组学和表观基因组学，以确定驯化相关基因并描述其特征。综述还讨论了基因工程在开发具有增强性状的优良观赏栽培品种方面的变革潜力。此外，还重点介绍了 CRISPR-Cas9 的应用，它是一种强大的新驯化工具，可实现精确的基因修饰，从而加快观赏植物的发展，提高美观度、抗逆性和其他理想特性。综合来看，整合这些创新工具代表了一个重大飞跃，为野生观赏植物的驯化提供了新的可能性。

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引用次数: 0

The genus Lepidium L. (Brassicaceae), A comprehensive review of botany, traditional uses, pharmacology, phytochemistry and the possible toxicities 芸苔属植物，植物学、传统用途、药理学、植物化学和可能毒性的全面回顾

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2024.09.068

Hossein Bakhshi Jouybari , Tayebeh Amini , Fatemeh Mirzaee

Lepidium L. an important weedy plant of Brassicaceae family, comprises approximately 265species which are endemic to all continents. Since ancient time, the therapeutic potential of Lepidium species were fully recognized and traditionally used in different parts of the world such as Asian, African and American countries. This review aimed to provide comprehensive information about the botanical characteristics, traditional uses, pharmacology, phytochemistry and toxicology of Lepidium, to discover therapeutic potentials of different Lepidium species for further research. The information available on Lepidium species were collected from scientific databases such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and some traditional texts. There are several promising bioactivities for this genus that some of them have long been recognized in traditional medicine such as coagulant, biofumigant, hepato-renal protective activities and fertility enhancement. To date, several types of phytochemicals isolated and identified from Lepidium species including glucosinolate, alkaloid, alkamide, macamide, mucilage, phytosterol, flavonoid and essential oil. A significant number of glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products (isothiocyanates), have been isolated from Lepidium species with potential pharmacological activities including anti-carcinogenic and chemoprotective activities with different mechanism of actions. Some studies on the safety assessment of L. sativum L., a common used Lepidium species, indicated some degree of toxicities in animal fetus which supposed to be related to its hydrolysis product constituents, named benzyl isothiocyanates (BITC). Moreover, exposure to goitrin, a glucosinolate degradation product from certain Lepidium species, may exert some adverse effects on thyroid glands, through the competitive inhibition of iodine uptake. It should be notice that despite the beneficial effects of Brassicaceae plants for reducing risk of different types of disease especially cancer, limit of the consumption of some Lepidium species as a routine meal should be considered.

莴苣（Lepidium L.）是十字花科（Brassicaceae）的一种重要杂草植物，约有 265 种，是各大洲的特有物种。自古以来，鳞茎类植物的治疗潜力就得到了充分认可，并在世界不同地区（如亚洲、非洲和美洲国家）得到传统使用。本综述旨在提供有关鳞叶属植物的植物学特征、传统用途、药理学、植物化学和毒理学的全面信息，以发现不同鳞叶属植物的治疗潜力，供进一步研究。有关鳞叶属植物的信息来自科学数据库，如 Science Direct、Google Scholar、Scopus、Web of Science、PubMed 和一些传统文献。该属植物有几种很有前景的生物活性，其中一些在传统医学中早已得到认可，如凝结剂、生物熏蒸剂、肝肾保护活性和提高生育能力。迄今为止，已从鳞茎属植物中分离和鉴定出多种植物化学物质，包括葡萄糖苷酸、生物碱、生物酰胺、大酰胺、粘液质、植物甾醇、黄酮类化合物和精油。已从鳞叶草中分离出大量具有潜在药理活性的葡萄糖苷酸盐及其水解产物（异硫氰酸盐），包括具有不同作用机制的抗癌和化学保护活性。一些关于常用鳞茎类植物 L. sativum L. 安全性评估的研究表明，该植物对动物胎儿有一定程度的毒性，这可能与其水解产物成分（异硫氰酸苄酯（BITC））有关。此外，某些鳞茎类植物的葡萄糖苷酸降解产物鹅膏菌素可能会通过竞争性抑制碘吸收而对甲状腺产生不利影响。应该注意的是，尽管十字花科植物对降低各种疾病尤其是癌症的风险有益，但仍应考虑限制将某些鳞叶类植物作为日常膳食食用。

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引用次数: 0

Azospirillum brasilense and Azospirillum argentinense inoculation and salt stress modify antioxidant enzymes profile during in vitro rooting of jojoba 接种巴西鹅膏菌（Azospirillum brasilense）和阿根廷鹅膏菌（Azospirillum argentinense）以及盐胁迫改变荷荷巴离体生根过程中的抗氧化酶谱

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2024.10.017

Ana J. Gonzalez , Mauro E. Yarte , Berta E. Llorente , Ezequiel E. Larraburu

Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) is an evergreen dioecious shrub widely grown in many countries to obtain a liquid wax with several uses. Salt stress is one of the main abiotic stresses that negatively affects plant growth and development and reduces crop yield. Salt stress causes oxidative stress that leads to the formation of ROS (reactive oxygen species), which causes severe damage to cell structures by oxidation of cell membranes. However, the antioxidant enzyme system is also triggered as a defense mechanism during stress conditions. The antioxidant enzymes, such as peroxidase (PO), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and catalase (CAT), are regularly engaged in controlling the ROS quantities. This work analyzes the effect of bacterization with Azospirillum brasilense Cd and Azospirillum argentinense Az39 on the adventitious rooting of jojoba under salinity stress. PO, PAL, PPO, and CAT activities were determined on days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 of culture. A. brasilense Cd and A. argentinense Az39 promoted jojoba shoots rhizogenesis in salt stress conditions and modified the activity of antioxidant enzymes during the in vitro rooting process. The changes in enzymatic profiles observed could explain the better rooting abilities of jojoba-inoculated plants under salt stress conditions and the higher abiotic stress tolerance.

荷荷巴（Simmondsia chinensis）是一种雌雄异株的常绿灌木，在许多国家被广泛种植，以获得一种具有多种用途的液态蜡。盐胁迫是主要的非生物胁迫之一，会对植物的生长和发育产生负面影响，并降低作物产量。盐胁迫会引起氧化胁迫，从而形成 ROS（活性氧），通过氧化细胞膜对细胞结构造成严重破坏。不过，在胁迫条件下，抗氧化酶系统也会作为一种防御机制被触发。过氧化物酶（PO）、苯丙氨酸氨解酶（PAL）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）等抗氧化酶经常参与控制 ROS 的数量。本研究分析了在盐度胁迫下，巴西喙嘧菌Azospirillum brasilense Cd和阿根廷喙嘧菌Azospirillum argentinense Az39对荷荷巴不定根的影响。在培养的第 0、3、6、9、12 和 15 天测定 PO、PAL、PPO 和 CAT 活性。A. brasilense Cd 和 A. argentinense Az39 在盐胁迫条件下促进了荷荷巴嫩枝的根瘤发生，并在离体生根过程中改变了抗氧化酶的活性。观察到的酶谱变化可以解释荷荷巴接种植物在盐胁迫条件下更好的生根能力和更高的非生物胁迫耐受性。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of differential exposure of UV-C and melatonin stress on the therapeutic potential of bioactive compounds in Moringa oleifera 紫外线-C 和褪黑激素应激的不同暴露对油辣木生物活性化合物治疗潜力的影响

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2024.10.024

Muhammad Naeem Bajwa , Gouhar Zaman , Muhammad Asad Ullah , Muhammad Uzair Javed , Anisa Andleeb , Christophe Hano , Bilal Haider Abbasi

Introduction

Moringa oleifera, widely recognized as a miracle tree, boasts a rich repository of bioactive metabolites and nutraceuticals. This study explores a biotechnological approach utilizing UV-C and melatonin elicitation for enhancing pharmaceutically significant secondary metabolites in M. oleifera callus cultures.

Methods

callus cultures were exposed to different UV-C exposure durations and various melatonin concentrations to assess their combined impacts on biomass, secondary metabolite synthesis, and antioxidant ability. Biomass yields for fresh weight (F.W) were measured for 10 μM melatonin (176. 18 g/L) and UV-C 60 min (172.17 g/L). Total phenolic production (TPP: 25.83 mg/L D.W) and total flavonoids production (TFP: 157.07 mg/L D.W) peaked at 15 μM melatonin. High-performance liquid chromatography facilitated metabolite quantification.

Results

Significant increases in total phytochemical production were observed, reaching 12.98 mg g^-1 D.W with 15 μM melatonin—an approximately 2.5-fold rise. UV-C exposure for 60 min yielded a two-fold increase (10.847 mg g^-1 D.W) compared to the control (5.155 mg g^-1 D.W). Metabolic profiling identified four phytochemicals (p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin, and apigenin) through HPLC. Melatonin at 15 μM demonstrated superior DPPH free radical scavenging activity (93.32 %) compared to the control (82.05 %). Additionally, FRAP (382.52 TAEC μM) and ABTS (535.8 TAEC μM) exhibited maximum values under 15 μM melatonin concentration.

Conclusions

This study provides a comprehensive approach for enhanced phytochemical production, offering insights into the comparative impacts of UV-C and melatonin elicitation on secondary metabolite pathways in M. oleifera callus cultures.

引言油橄榄被广泛认为是一种神奇的树木，拥有丰富的生物活性代谢物和营养保健品。本研究探索了一种生物技术方法，即利用紫外线-C 和褪黑激素诱导来提高油橄榄胼胝体培养物中具有重要药用价值的次生代谢物。方法将胼胝体培养物暴露于不同的紫外线-C 暴露持续时间和不同浓度的褪黑激素，以评估它们对生物量、次生代谢物合成和抗氧化能力的综合影响。测定了 10 μM 褪黑激素（176.18 克/升）和紫外线-C 60 分钟（172.17 克/升）的生物量产量（鲜重）。总酚产量（TPP：25.83 mg/L D.W）和总黄酮产量（TFP：157.07 mg/L D.W）在 15 μM 褪黑激素时达到峰值。结果观察到植物化学物质总产量显著增加，15 μM 褪黑激素时达到 12.98 mg g-1 D.W，大约增加了 2.5 倍。与对照组（5.155 mg g-1 D.W）相比，紫外线-C 照射 60 分钟产生的植物化学物质增加了两倍（10.847 mg g-1 D.W）。通过高效液相色谱法，代谢分析确定了四种植物化学物质（对香豆酸、绿原酸、芦丁和芹菜素）。与对照组（82.05%）相比，15 μM 的褪黑素具有更高的 DPPH 自由基清除活性（93.32%）。此外，在 15 μM 的褪黑激素浓度下，FRAP（382.52 TAEC μM）和 ABTS（535.8 TAEC μM）显示出最大值。

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引用次数: 0

In vitro propagation, SEM analysis, and genetic fidelity assessment using SCoT markers in Decalepis salicifolia, an endangered medicinal plant 利用 SCoT 标记对濒危药用植物十里香（Decalepis salicifolia）进行体外繁殖、SEM 分析和遗传保真度评估

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2024.10.036

Adla Wasi, Anwar Shahzad, Sabaha Tahseen

Decalepis salicifolia (Bedd. ex Hook.f.) Venter is an important medicinal plant endemic to south Western Ghats of India. The immense pharmacological properties of the plant is due to presence of number of biologically active compound especially 2‑hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (2H4MB) which is a vanillin isomer. 2H4MB is used in the preparation of various bakery products. Due to the multiple uses of the plant, its commercial demand has increased significantly which has led to its over-exploitation. Because of over-exploitation, the natural population of D. salicifolia is rapidly disappearing, and is listed as critically endangered plant by IUCN. Therefore to meet the demand of the plant for commercial purposes as well as ensure the natural population is conserved, the in vitro propagation approach provides an efficient alternative. In the present study, maximum in vitro shoot proliferation was obtained by culturing the shoot tip on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with a combination of 5 μM benzyladenine, 1.0 μM indole butyric acid, and 20.0 μM adenine sulphate. Microshoots were rooted effectively on half strength MS medium augmented with 2.5 μM indole-3-butyric acid. Various physiological parameters along with scanning electron microscopic analysis of leaves confirmed the successful adaptation of the plantlets to the natural environmental condition. Presence of 2H4MB in vitro raised plant was confirmed with the help of FTIR. SCoT marker analysis of mother and in vitro regenerated plant produced a high percentage of monomorphic bands hence establishing a clonal fidelity between the both. Thus in vitro propagation protocol developed for D. salicifolia can help us to reduce the exploitation pressure on the natural population of the plant and contributes in the ecorestoration, conservation, and cultivation of the plant.

Decalepis salicifolia (Bedd. ex Hook.f.) Venter 是印度西高止山南麓特有的一种重要药用植物。该植物具有巨大的药理作用，因为它含有多种生物活性化合物，特别是 2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛（2H4MB），这是一种香兰素异构体。2H4MB 可用于制作各种烘焙食品。由于该植物的多种用途，其商业需求大幅增加，导致过度开发。由于过度开发，D. salicifolia 的自然种群正在迅速消失，并被世界自然保护联盟列为极度濒危植物。因此，为了满足商业目的对该植物的需求，同时确保自然种群得到保护，体外繁殖方法提供了一种有效的替代方法。在本研究中，通过在添加了 5 μM 苄基腺嘌呤、1.0 μM 吲哚丁酸和 20.0 μM 硫酸腺嘌呤的 Murashige 和 Skoog（MS）培养基上培养芽尖，获得了最大的离体芽增殖。小芽在添加了 2.5 μM 吲哚-3-丁酸的半强度 MS 培养基上有效生根。各种生理参数以及叶片的扫描电子显微镜分析证实，小植株成功地适应了自然环境条件。傅立叶变换红外光谱分析证实了离体培养植株中存在 2H4MB。对母株和离体再生植株进行的 SCoT 标记分析产生了高比例的单形带，从而确定了两者之间的克隆保真度。因此，为盐肤木开发的体外繁殖方案可以帮助我们减轻对该植物自然种群的开发压力，并有助于该植物的生态恢复、保护和栽培。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptome analysis and transcription factors response to transplanting and topping time of upper leaf in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) 烟草（Nicotiana tabacum L.）转录组分析及转录因子对移栽和上部叶片打顶时间的响应

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2024.10.013

Xianbo Zhao , Feiyue Yuan , Yiqiang Chen , Ye Zhang , Yiqi Zhang , Yongan Zhang , Shunhua Ji , Zhuangyi Zhang , Li Gu , Lijuan Liao , Tiedong Liu

Tobacco, as an annual industrial crop, is significantly affected by agronomic practices such as transplanting and topping, which can influence the yield and quality of the upper leaves. However, the processes by which transcription factors integrate both agronomic practices remain unclear. In this study, eight treatments were designed based on varying transplanting and topping periods. RNA-seq was employed to analyze the transcriptional expression and identify key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and transcription factors (TFs). Subsequently, a rigorous quality inspection and data cleaning process yielded 1,302,152,358 high-quality reads. The comparative analysis of 8 treatments identified a total of 4265 DEGs. Utilizing K-means analysis, these DEGs demonstrated 9 distinct expression patterns. GO and KEGG annotation revealed a significant association of these DEGs with photosynthesis and secondary metabolism. 10 hub genes including AFC2, SIGB, PGSIP8, BIG5, OSP1, RL13, PDC1, NtORF and EBG were identified through WGCNA analysis. 41 differentially expressed TFs were identified through transcription factor analysis. Among them, 10 TFs namely ABR1, ERF26, HAT5, HSF24, LUH, AGL8, TIFY5A, TIFY10A, WRKY4, and WRKY40 are directly associated with plant stress resistance. 5 TFs such as ERF110, IDD7, ATB40, NAC81, and NAC83 have been identified as positive regulators of growth and development, while 3 TFs such as BH130, TCP4, and WRKY53 have been found to negatively impact growth and development. Furthermore, 4 TFs have been implicated in hormone and light signaling pathways, namely CIGR1, BLH1, WRKY42, and EIN4. The identified hub genes and TFs suggest that early transplanting and topping (B1D1C) contribute to enhanced stress resistance in tobacco. This may result in more developed stomata on tobacco leaves, as well as an increase in leaf thickness and a reduction in leaf size.

烟草作为一年生工业作物，受移栽和打顶等农艺措施的影响很大，这些措施会影响上部叶片的产量和质量。然而，转录因子整合这两种农艺措施的过程仍不清楚。本研究根据不同的移栽期和打顶期设计了八个处理。采用 RNA-seq 分析转录表达，并确定关键的差异表达基因 (DEG) 和转录因子 (TF)。随后，经过严格的质量检查和数据清洗过程，获得了 1,302,152,358 个高质量读数。通过对 8 种处理进行比较分析，共鉴定出 4265 个 DEGs。通过 K-means 分析，这些 DEGs 呈现出 9 种不同的表达模式。GO 和 KEGG 注释显示，这些 DEGs 与光合作用和次生代谢有显著关联。通过 WGCNA 分析，确定了 10 个中心基因，包括 AFC2、SIGB、PGSIP8、BIG5、OSP1、RL13、PDC1、NtORF 和 EBG。通过转录因子分析，确定了 41 个差异表达的转录因子。其中，ABR1、ERF26、HAT5、HSF24、LUH、AGL8、TIFY5A、TIFY10A、WRKY4 和 WRKY40 等 10 个转录因子与植物抗逆性直接相关。ERF110、IDD7、ATB40、NAC81 和 NAC83 等 5 个 TFs 被确定为生长和发育的正向调节因子，而 BH130、TCP4 和 WRKY53 等 3 个 TFs 被发现对生长和发育有负面影响。此外，有 4 个 TFs 与激素和光信号通路有关，即 CIGR1、BLH1、WRKY42 和 EIN4。已确定的枢纽基因和 TFs 表明，早期移栽和打顶（B1D1C）有助于增强烟草的抗逆性。这可能导致烟草叶片上的气孔更加发达，以及叶片厚度增加和叶片大小减小。

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引用次数: 0

Aqueous extracts of Physalis peruviana L. fruit promote apoptosis by overexpression of caspases 9/3 and balancing the redox profile of cutaneous melanoma cells Physalis peruviana L. 果实的水提取物通过过表达 Caspases 9/3 和平衡皮肤黑色素瘤细胞的氧化还原谱促进细胞凋亡

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2024.10.015

Alana Patrícia da Silva , Gilnei Bruno da Silva , Daiane Manica , Filomena Marafon , Rafael Antonio Narzetti , Paula Dallagnol , Letícia de Souza Matias , Jullye Gavioli , Greicy Cristine Kosvoski , Sabine De Rocco Donassolo , Francielle do Rocio da Luz , Gilbrair Paulo de Carvalho , Ariane Zamoner Pacheco de Souza , Clevison Luiz Giacobbo , João Paulo Bender , Odinei Fogolari , Luciano Tormen , Margarete Dulce Bagatini

Physalis peruviana L. (PP), commonly known as golden berry, is a fruit renowned for its nutritional and medicinal properties. This study explores the antineoplastic potential of PP fruit extracts at varying stages of maturation, focusing on their impact on cutaneous melanoma cells. We analysed aqueous extracts from PP fruits at three distinct ripening phases, emphasizing their phenolic composition and antioxidant properties. Our in vitro assessments reveal that these extracts not only induce apoptosis in melanoma cells but also significantly upregulate caspase 9 and caspase 3 expression, leading to reduced cell viability. Moreover, the extracts inhibit melanoma cell migration and effectively modulate redox balance, suggesting an intricate interplay with cellular oxidative processes. These findings highlight the potential of PP fruit extracts as adjuvant agents in melanoma treatment or as a foundation for novel anticancer drug development, targeting specific pathways in cutaneous melanoma. Given these promising results, we advocate for subsequent in vivo studies and clinical trials to further elucidate the therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of these PP extracts, thereby advancing future cancer therapeutic strategies.

Physalis peruviana L.（PP）俗称金浆果，是一种以营养和药用价值著称的水果。本研究探讨了PP果实萃取物在不同成熟阶段的抗肿瘤潜力，重点关注其对皮肤黑色素瘤细胞的影响。我们分析了 PP 果实在三个不同成熟阶段的水萃取物，重点关注其酚类成分和抗氧化特性。体外评估显示，这些提取物不仅能诱导黑色素瘤细胞凋亡，还能显著上调 caspase 9 和 caspase 3 的表达，从而降低细胞活力。此外，这些提取物还能抑制黑色素瘤细胞的迁移，并有效调节氧化还原平衡，表明它们与细胞氧化过程之间存在着错综复杂的相互作用。这些发现凸显了 PP 果实提取物作为黑色素瘤治疗的辅助药物或作为新型抗癌药物开发的基础的潜力，其目标是皮肤黑色素瘤的特定通路。鉴于这些令人鼓舞的结果，我们主张开展后续的体内研究和临床试验，以进一步阐明这些 PP 提取物的疗效和机制，从而推进未来的癌症治疗策略。

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引用次数: 0