South African Journal of Botany最新文献_第5页

Unlocking anti-scabies potential of amaryllidaceae alkaloids through integrated network pharmacology and experimental validation 通过综合网络药理学和实验验证解锁香栀子科生物碱的抗疥疮潜能

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.030

Shaymaa M. Mohamed , Soad A.L. Bayoumi , Salwa F. Farag , Mahmoud A. Ramadan , Sara A.A. Mohamed , Asmaa A.E. Nasr , Islam M. Abdel-Rahman , Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen

Human scabies, a highly contagious parasitic skin infestation caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis mites, spreads rapidly through interpersonal contact. This study employed an integrated network pharmacology and molecular docking approach to identify shared therapeutic targets of seven structurally diverse Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (1–7) and evaluate their anti-scabies potential. A scabies-associated protein network was constructed, revealing interleukin-6 as the highest-degree node and a pivotal therapeutic target, alongside caspase-3. Subsequent molecular docking analyses assessed the binding affinities and interaction stability of two promising alkaloids, narcissidine methyl ether (2) and crinine (3), with IL-6 and glutathione S-transferase (GST). Narcissidine methyl ether demonstrated the strongest binding affinity to IL-6 (ΔG = –4.618 kcal/mol), while both compounds exhibited notable interactions with GST (ΔG = –5.917 and −4.885 kcal/mol, respectively). Computational screening confirmed their adherence to Lipinski’s and Veber’s rules, indicating favorable druglikeness properties. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed significant acaricidal activity, with narcissidine methyl ether showing potent scabicidal effects. Histopathological evaluation of treated rabbit models demonstrated marked improvement in ear auricle skin architecture three weeks post-treatment, supporting the therapeutic efficacy of both compounds. These findings highlight narcissidine methyl ether and crinine as promising anti-scabietic drugs, offering a foundation for future preclinical studies.

人类疥疮是一种由疥螨引起的高度传染性皮肤寄生虫感染，可通过人际接触迅速传播。本研究采用综合网络药理学和分子对接的方法，鉴定了7种结构不同的Amaryllidaceae生物碱的共同治疗靶点（1-7），并评估了它们的抗疥疮潜力。研究人员构建了疥疮相关蛋白网络，发现白介素-6与caspase-3一起是疥疮相关蛋白的最高级别节点和关键治疗靶点。随后的分子对接分析评估了水仙花苷甲基醚(2)和谷胱甘肽s -转移酶（GST）与IL-6和谷胱甘肽s -转移酶（GST）的结合亲和力和相互作用稳定性。水仙苷甲醚与IL-6的结合亲和性最强（ΔG = -4.618 kcal/mol），与GST的相互作用显著（ΔG = -5.917和- 4.885 kcal/mol）。计算机筛选证实了它们符合Lipinski和Veber的规则，表明它们具有良好的药物相似性。体外和体内实验均显示出显著的杀螨活性，水仙苷甲基醚具有较强的杀螨作用。治疗兔模型的组织病理学评估显示，治疗三周后耳廓皮肤结构明显改善，支持两种化合物的治疗效果。这些发现突出了水仙苷甲基醚和克里宁是有前景的抗疥疮药物，为今后的临床前研究奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Vegetation composition change on a small Mediterranean-type South African offshore island following control of invasive European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 入侵欧洲兔控制后地中海型南非近海小岛植被组成的变化

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.006

Thabisisani Ndhlovu , Zivanai Tsvuura , Karen J. Esler

European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), thought to have been eradicated in 2019, have inhabited Robben Island for over 370 years, significantly altering vegetation through sustained herbivory. An attempted eradication in 2009–2010 provided an opportunity to assess vegetation recovery and the influence of rainfall and habitat heterogeneity on post-control dynamics. From 2010 to 2013, vegetation composition was monitored annually across strand, Eucalyptus plantation, and inland dune habitats. Community change was analysed using ordination and similarity measures. Following rabbit control, statistically significant vegetation change occurred at strand and inland dune sites, but not in Eucalyptus plantations. Increases in Tetragonia fruticosa, Ehrharta longiflora, Cynodon dactylon, and Ehrharta villosa—palatable species resilient to prolonged herbivory—coincided with declines in less palatable or unpalatable species and weaker competitors such as Oncosiphon suffruticosum, Conicosia pugioniformis, and Bromus diandrus. Interannual rainfall explained substantial background variation in community composition before statistical control, while soil depth modulated species-level responses. No herbivory-sensitive species (i.e., those lacking resistance or resilience to rabbit herbivory) re-established, suggesting losses from both standing vegetation and the propagule bank (seeds and vegetative propagules). Robben Island’s vegetation may have crossed a critical ecological threshold into a degraded state dominated by a narrow subset of herbivory-resilient and resistant species. Natural recovery to the Cape Flats Dune Strandveld, the island’s reference ecosystem, now seems unlikely without active restoration, including reintroduction of extirpated herbivory-sensitive taxa.

欧洲兔（Oryctolagus cuniculus）被认为已于2019年灭绝，它们在罗本岛居住了370多年，通过持续的食草性显著改变了植被。2009-2010年的根除尝试为评估植被恢复以及降雨和生境异质性对控制后动态的影响提供了机会。2010 - 2013年，每年对陆地、桉树人工林和内陆沙丘生境的植被组成进行监测。采用排序法和相似性法分析群落变化。在家兔控制后，滨滩和内陆沙丘的植被发生了统计学上显著的变化，而桉树人工林则没有。对长时间食草有抵抗力的美味物种——果四毛鼠、长花四毛鼠、短爪龙和绒毛四毛鼠的数量增加，与不那么美味或不美味的物种和较弱的竞争对手，如刺毛鼠、刺毛鼠和凤尾鼠的数量减少同时发生。在统计控制之前，年际降雨解释了群落组成的实质性背景变化，而土壤深度调节了物种水平的响应。没有草食敏感物种（即那些对兔子的草食缺乏抵抗力或恢复力的物种）重新建立，这表明直立植被和繁殖体库（种子和营养繁殖体）都有损失。罗本岛的植被可能已经越过了一个关键的生态阈值，进入了一个退化的状态，由一小部分具有食草性和抗性的物种主导。如果没有积极的恢复，包括重新引入已灭绝的草食敏感分类群，该岛的参考生态系统——海角滩沙丘斯特兰德维尔德的自然恢复似乎不太可能。

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引用次数: 0

Extraction, encapsulation, and the antiparasitic effect of Verbascum thapsus against Trichinella spiralis infected mice 马齿苋的提取、包封及对旋毛虫感染小鼠的抗寄生作用

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.022

Aml S. Saleh , Heba M. Amer , Mohamed E. Hassan , Mona A. Farah

This study evaluated the effectiveness of encapsulated Verbascum thapsus extract against Trichinella spiralis larvae in mice. Thirty-six male Swiss albino mice were divided into six groups: negative control, positive control, mebendazole (MBZ), V. thapsus, alginate nanocarrier (Alg), and V. thapsus-Alg/NPs. After 36 days post-infection, the mice were sacrificed for various analyses. V. thapsus-Alg/NPs group showed the most significant results, achieving a 96 % reduction in larval count and nearly restoring normal diaphragmatic muscle fibers. This group also exhibited reduced inflammation, lower COX-2 expression, and decreased collagen type IV staining. In contrast, the MBZ, V. thapsus, and Alg/NPs groups caused moderate muscle damage, necrosis, and elevated COX-2 and collagen type IV levels. Biochemically, all treated groups showed reduced levels of AST, ALT, total protein, LDH, CPK, MDA, nitric oxide, and MMP-9, with the most pronounced improvements in the V. thapsus and V. thapsus-Alg/NPs groups. These findings suggested that Alg/NPs enhance the larvicidal activity of V. thapsus, indicating its potential as a therapeutic alternative for trichinellosis.

本研究评价了包封荆芥提取物对小鼠旋毛虫幼虫的抑制作用。将36只雄性瑞士白化小鼠分为阴性对照组、阳性对照组、甲苯达唑（MBZ）、海藻酸盐纳米载体（Alg）、海藻酸盐纳米载体（Alg）和海藻酸盐纳米载体（Alg /NPs） 6组。感染后36天后，处死小鼠进行各种分析。V. thapsus-Alg/NPs组表现出最显著的效果，幼虫数量减少96%，膈肌纤维几乎恢复正常。该组还表现出炎症减轻，COX-2表达降低，胶原IV型染色降低。相比之下，MBZ、V. thapsus和Alg/NPs组引起中度肌肉损伤、坏死、COX-2和IV型胶原蛋白水平升高。生物化学方面，所有处理组均表现出AST、ALT、总蛋白、LDH、CPK、MDA、一氧化氮和MMP-9水平的降低，其中以V. thapsus和V. thapsus- alg /NPs组改善最为明显。这些结果表明，Alg/NPs增强了旋毛虫的杀虫活性，表明其有可能成为旋毛虫病的治疗选择。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of in vitro anticancer and antioxidant activities of various extracts of Bayramiç Beyazı nectarine, and molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and protein-protein interaction network Bayramiç贝亚扎尔油桃不同提取物体外抗肿瘤、抗氧化活性研究，分子对接、分子动力学模拟、蛋白-蛋白相互作用网络研究

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.021

Özlem Maraba , Mehmet Ay , Ferah Comert Onder

Nectarine (Prunus persica var. nucipersica), due to its high phenolic content and antioxidant properties, holds significance for human health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anticancer and antioxidant effects of the extracts obtained from the fruit and kernel of "Bayramiç Beyazı" nectarine, a geographically indicated fruit grown in Bayramiç district of Çanakkale. The anticancer effects of the methanol and aqueous ethanol extracts were evaluated on breast and colon cancer cell lines. Apoptotic fragmentation and mitochondrial membrane potential of fruit and kernel extracts were examined under fluorescence microscopy. Antioxidant activity and phenolic content were determined using DPPH, ABTS, and Folin-Ciocalteu (F-C) methods, respectively. Kernel extract has the highest antioxidant activity (DPPH IC₅₀= 0.15 ± 0.001 mg/mL). The fruit methanol, aqueous ethanol, and kernel aqueous ethanol extracts significantly reduced the fluorescent intensity of the cells. A combination study was conducted between the extracts and doxorubicin. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies of some of the identified components were performed using the Glide/SP and Desmond against a drug target PRK1. The highest binding affinity with quercetin for targeting PRK1 was calculated as -8.789 kcal/mol. The average RMSD values were calculated between 3.43 ± 0.31 and 2.22 ± 0.30 Å throughout 500 ns MD simulations. A protein-protein interaction network analysis was performed for PRK1 using a systems biology approach to identify the highest scoring predicted proteins such as RHOA, MAP2K3, and MEFV. The investigation of the in vitro anticancer effects of “Bayramiç Beyazı” extracts and combined in silico analyses were carried out for the first time, and the outcomes of this study have promising potential for future studies.

油桃（Prunus persica var. nucipersica）因其高酚含量和抗氧化特性，对人体健康具有重要意义。本研究的目的是评价生长在Çanakkale Bayramiç地区的地理标志水果“Bayramiç贝亚泽尔”油桃果实和核提取物的体外抗癌和抗氧化作用。研究了甲醇和水乙醇提取物对乳腺癌和结肠癌细胞株的抗癌作用。荧光显微镜下观察果仁提取物的细胞凋亡和线粒体膜电位。采用DPPH法、ABTS法和F-C法测定其抗氧化活性和酚类含量。果仁提取物的抗氧化活性最高（DPPH IC50= 0.15±0.001 mg/mL）。果实甲醇、水乙醇和果仁水乙醇提取物显著降低了细胞的荧光强度。对其提取物与阿霉素进行了联合研究。利用Glide/SP和Desmond对药物靶点PRK1进行了分子对接和分子动力学（MD）模拟研究。与槲皮素结合PRK1的最高亲和力为-8.789 kcal/mol。在500 ns MD模拟中，平均RMSD值在3.43±0.31和2.22±0.30 Å之间。使用系统生物学方法对PRK1进行蛋白相互作用网络分析，以确定评分最高的预测蛋白，如RHOA、MAP2K3和MEFV。本文首次开展了“Bayramiç beyazza”提取物的体外抗癌作用研究，并进行了计算机联合分析，本研究结果具有良好的研究前景。

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引用次数: 0

Network pharmacology and animal experiments reveal the mechanism of action of hydroxysafflower yellow a against liver fibrosis 网络药理学和动物实验揭示了羟基红花黄a抗肝纤维化的作用机制

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.016

Qing Liu , Rui Wang , Zhenbo Li , Yihan Liu , Lei Wu , Jing Yang

Objective

To investigate the molecular mechanism of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) against liver fibrosis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques, and to verify its effect through animal experiments.

Methods

HSYA-related and liver fibrosis targets were retrieved from databases; intersection targets were identified and analyzed for PPI network, GO and KEGG enrichment; molecular docking and animal experiments were performed.

Results

Network pharmacology analysis indicates that proto-oncogene (SRC), interleukin-6 (IL6), mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are key core targets(degree values all > 60). GO functional enrichment analysis involved biological processes such as regulation of inflammatory response and regulation of cell apoptosis; KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that HSYA may exert its effect through signaling pathways including PI3K/Akt, MAPK and RAS. In animal experiments, HE and Masson staining showed that compared with the model group, the area of liver tissue fibrosis proliferation in the HSYA administration group was reduced by 42.3% (P < 0.01), the collagen deposition was decreased by 38.6% (P < 0.01), and the number of inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced by 51.2% (P < 0.01); Western blot results showed that the expression levels of PI3K and Akt proteins in the liver tissue of the administration group were down-regulated by 35.7% and 32.1% compared with the model group, respectively (all P < 0.01).

Conclusion

HSYA may exert anti-liver fibrosis effects by regulating key targets such as SRC, IL6, MAPK3 and EGFR, mediating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and inhibiting liver tissue inflammatory response and collagen deposition.

目的基于网络药理学和分子对接技术探讨羟基afflor yellow A （HSYA）抗肝纤维化的分子机制，并通过动物实验验证其作用。方法从数据库中检索shsya相关靶点和肝纤维化靶点；确定并分析了PPI网络、GO和KEGG富集的交叉目标；进行分子对接和动物实验。结果网络药理学分析表明，原癌基因（SRC）、白细胞介素-6 （IL6）、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶3 （MAPK3）和表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）是关键的核心靶点（度均为>； 60）。氧化石墨烯功能富集分析涉及炎症反应调控和细胞凋亡调控等生物学过程；KEGG富集分析表明，HSYA可能通过PI3K/Akt、MAPK和RAS等信号通路发挥作用。动物实验中HE、Masson染色显示，与模型组比较，HSYA给药组大鼠肝组织纤维化增殖面积减少42.3% (P < 0.01)，胶原沉积减少38.6% (P < 0.01)，炎症细胞浸润数量减少51.2% (P < 0.01)；Western blot结果显示，与模型组比较，给药组大鼠肝组织中PI3K、Akt蛋白表达水平分别下调35.7%、32.1% （P < 0.01）。结论hsya可能通过调节SRC、IL6、MAPK3、EGFR等关键靶点，介导PI3K/Akt信号通路，抑制肝组织炎症反应和胶原沉积，发挥抗肝纤维化作用。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the potential mechanism of IME-9 ayurvedic formulation in the treatment of diabetes mellitus based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation 基于网络药理学、分子对接、实验验证，探索阿育吠陀配方IME-9治疗糖尿病的潜在机制

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.011

Shubhangi Sutar , Rachana Bhimanwar , Aniket Aute , Babaso Udugade

The current study evaluates the antidiabetic potential of IME-9, a polyherbal formulation, using combination of network pharmacology, molecular docking, dynamics (MD) simulations and in vitro α-amylase inhibition assays. Even though IME-9 has been traditionally used to treat diabetes mellitus (DM), the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been elucidated previously. The phytochemical screening of IME-9 showed that there are 164 identified compounds in the IME-9 formulation using the IMPPAT database. Based on the isolated phytochemicals, we underwent further studies, selecting 82 bioactive molecules based on the SwissADME analysis criteria. Upon target predictions and subsequently mapping the targets to disease-gene where the genes related to DM had a direct association, we identified 26 common targets. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) and enrichment analysis indicate that IME-9 has the potential to act on multiple signaling pathways. The molecular docking studies highlighted strong binding affinities for Beta-sitosterol–ERBB2 (−11.7 kcal/mol) and Gymnemasaponin V–SCD (−11.4 kcal/mol) compared to Pioglitazone (−9.8 kcal/mol) reference standard drug. The MD simulations suggested stable ligand–protein interactions suggestive of potential biological importance. In addition to the network pharmacology approach, validation of the potential antidiabetic activity was established with in vitro α-amylase inhibition study indicating 73.8% inhibition for IME-9 at 1000 µg/mL. In summary, this investigation demonstrates that IME-9 profiles have a promising multi-targeted action in the management of diabetes through the modulation of key gene and pathways related to glucose and lipid metabolism processes.

本研究采用网络药理学、分子对接、动力学（MD）模拟和体外α-淀粉酶抑制试验相结合的方法，评估了多草药制剂IME-9的降糖潜力。尽管IME-9传统上用于治疗糖尿病（DM），但其潜在的分子机制尚未阐明。利用IMPPAT数据库对IME-9进行植物化学筛选，共鉴定出164个化合物。基于分离的植物化学物质，我们进行了进一步的研究，根据SwissADME分析标准选择了82个生物活性分子。根据靶标预测并随后将靶标定位到与糖尿病相关的基因有直接关联的疾病基因，我们确定了26个共同靶标。蛋白-蛋白相互作用（PPI）和富集分析表明，IME-9可能作用于多种信号通路。分子对接研究表明，与吡格列酮（- 9.8 kcal/mol）相比，β -谷甾醇- erbb2 （- 11.7 kcal/mol）和Gymnemasaponin V-SCD （- 11.4 kcal/mol）具有较强的结合亲和力。MD模拟表明，稳定的配体-蛋白相互作用提示潜在的生物学重要性。除网络药理学方法外，通过体外α-淀粉酶抑制研究验证了其潜在的抗糖尿病活性，表明1000µg/mL对IME-9的抑制作用为73.8%。综上所述，本研究表明，IME-9基因通过调节糖脂代谢过程的关键基因和通路，在糖尿病的治疗中具有多靶点作用。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of fertilizer levels on rhizosphere microbial diversity and functional genes in maize intercropping 施肥水平对玉米间作根际微生物多样性及功能基因的影响

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.014

Kodidhala Vaishnavi , Kumari Punam Sinha , Hemanthkumar Manne , Subir Dutta , Ayon Roy , Prateek M Bhattacharya , Apurba K Chowdhury , Abbu Zaid

Maize intercropping systems are ecologically sustainable agricultural practices that optimizes land use efficiency and soil microbial communities. In current study shortgun metagenomic sequencing strategy was applied to investigate the taxonomic composition, microbial diversity and functional potential of rhizosphere bacterial communities in sole maize (Pioneer 3526) and maize-cabbage (Green express) intercropping systems under varying fertilizer doses (0 %, 20 %, 40 %, 60 % recommended dosage of fertilizer (RDF)) as band placement. Among the tested combinations, the maize cabbage (MCB) under 60 % RDF (60MCB) showed highest bacterial richness and functional gene abundance compared to sole maize and 20MCB.Taxonomic profiling revealed dominance of Actinomycetes, Proteobacteria and other beneficial phyla with genera such as Streptomyces, Pseudomonas and Bradyrhizobium prevalent in fertilized treatments. Functional annotation revealed the enrichment of genes involved in nitrogen metabolism, carbon degradation, sulfur transformation and iron cycling particularly high in 60MCB treatment. Alpha diversity including Shannon, Simpson and Chao1, consistently highlightened improved microbial diversity under intercropping (60 % MCB) with moderate fertilization. Overall, 60 % MCB and sole maize supported higher functional gene diversity compared to sole maize and 20 % MCB. These findings highlight the synergistic effect of intercropping and 60 % recommended dosage fertilization in fostering a diverse and metabolically versatile rhizosphere microbial community, with implications for sustainable agriculture and improved soil health management by increasing microbial communities.

玉米间作制度是生态可持续的农业做法，可优化土地利用效率和土壤微生物群落。本研究采用短枪宏基因组测序方法，研究了不同施肥剂量（0%、20%、40%、60%推荐施肥量（RDF））下单玉米（Pioneer 3526）和玉米-白菜（Green express）间作体系根际细菌群落的分类组成、微生物多样性和功能潜力。在试验组合中，60% RDF （60MCB）下的玉米白菜（MCB）细菌丰富度和功能基因丰度均高于单玉米和20MCB。分类分析显示放线菌、变形菌和其他有益菌门在施肥处理中占主导地位，链霉菌、假单胞菌和慢生根瘤菌等属普遍存在。功能注释显示60MCB处理中氮代谢、碳降解、硫转化和铁循环相关基因的富集程度特别高。包括Shannon、Simpson和Chao1在内的α多样性在适度施肥的间作（60% MCB）下持续显示出微生物多样性的改善。总体而言，60%的MCB和单独玉米比单独玉米和20%的MCB支持更高的功能基因多样性。这些发现强调了间作和60%推荐用量施肥在培养多样化和代谢多样化的根际微生物群落方面的协同效应，这对可持续农业和通过增加微生物群落改善土壤健康管理具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the therapeutic potential of secondary metabolites from edible and non-edible Crotalaria species in combating nosocomial infections and lifestyle disorders 探索食用和非食用Crotalaria种次生代谢物在对抗医院感染和生活方式障碍方面的治疗潜力

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.015

Ramya M. Subramani , Steffi Priya Jayaseelan , Avinaash A Saravanan, Arvind Sivasubramanian

Nosocomial infections and lifestyle-related disorders are major global health issues, prompting the search for new and effective therapeutic agents. The genus Crotalaria (family: Fabaceae) includes both edible and inedible species known for producing diverse secondary metabolites with promising pharmacological properties. This review examines the therapeutic potential of compounds derived from Crotalaria—particularly phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids highlighting their broad spectrum of biological activities. Multiple studies have shown the antibacterial effectiveness of these metabolites against multidrug-resistant pathogens, suggesting their potential in combating hospital-acquired infections. Additionally, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Crotalaria compounds have therapeutic value in managing lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disorders and nosocomial infections. Preclinical research indicates that some metabolites exert hypoglycemic effects by modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. These attributes support their development as plant-based therapies or as leads for synthetic drug creation. An extensive review of literature was conducted using databases such as PubMed, google scholar and ScienceDirect to assess their pharmacological relevance. While existing data support their potential, further research is needed to isolate, characterize, and validate bioactive constituents for clinical application. The rich phytochemistry of Crotalaria makes it a valuable, yet underexplored genus for drug discovery and development targeting complex human diseases.

医院感染和与生活方式相关的疾病是主要的全球健康问题，促使人们寻找新的有效的治疗药物。Crotalaria属（科：豆科）包括可食用和不可食用的物种，以产生多种具有良好药理特性的次生代谢物而闻名。本文综述了从芥蓝中提取的化合物的治疗潜力，特别是酚类物质、黄酮类化合物、萜类化合物和生物碱，它们具有广泛的生物活性。多项研究表明，这些代谢物对耐多药病原体具有抗菌效果，这表明它们在对抗医院获得性感染方面具有潜力。此外，Crotalaria化合物的抗氧化和抗炎特性在治疗生活方式疾病（如糖尿病、心血管疾病和医院感染）方面具有治疗价值。临床前研究表明，一些代谢物通过调节氧化应激和炎症途径发挥降糖作用。这些特性支持它们作为基于植物的疗法或作为合成药物创造的先导物发展。利用PubMed、b谷歌scholar和ScienceDirect等数据库对文献进行了广泛的回顾，以评估其药理相关性。虽然现有数据支持其潜力，但需要进一步的研究来分离、表征和验证临床应用的生物活性成分。Crotalaria丰富的植物化学成分使其成为一种有价值的，但尚未开发的属，可用于针对复杂人类疾病的药物发现和开发。

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引用次数: 0

Physiological and biochemical adjustments in soybean induced by biostimulants application under water deficit stress 水分亏缺胁迫下生物刺激素对大豆生理生化的影响

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.004

Andres Felipe Gaona Acevedo , Juliana Nascimento Rodrigues

Water deficit stress (WDS) is a major abiotic factor limiting soybean yield by affecting key physiological and biochemical processes. The application of plant biostimulants has emerged as a promising strategy to mitigate the deleterious effects of water deficit. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and biochemical responses of soybean plants subjected to water deficit and treated with different biostimulants applied to seeds. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions using a randomized block design with subdivided plots. Two water regimes were imposed: field capacity (−10 kPa) and drought stress (−25 kPa), and eight seed-applied biostimulant treatments were evaluated. Water deficit negatively affected photosynthetic activity, relative water content, leaf water potential, and chlorophyll concentration, while increasing electrolyte leakage and proline accumulation. In contrast, the application of specific biostimulants, particularly those based on Rhizophagus irregularis, Lactobacillus spp., and seaweed extracts, significantly mitigated stress effects, enhancing membrane stability, osmotic adjustment, and enzymatic antioxidant activity (SOD and CAT). Moreover, improvements in nitrogen metabolism were observed, including higher nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity under water deficit. These results highlight the potential of seed-applied biostimulants as a sustainable strategy to enhance soybean yield and resilience under water deficit stress. Future applications of this approach may contribute to the development of more drought-tolerant cultivars and to improving the stability of soybean yield systems under changing climatic conditions.

水分亏缺胁迫通过影响大豆关键生理生化过程，是制约大豆产量的主要非生物因子。植物生物刺激素的应用已成为减轻水分亏缺有害影响的一种有前途的策略。本研究旨在探讨大豆种子在不同生物刺激剂处理下对水分亏缺的生理生化反应。试验在温室条件下进行，采用随机区组设计，小区划分。施加了两种水制度：田间容量（- 10 kPa）和干旱胁迫（- 25 kPa），并评估了8种种子施用生物刺激素处理。水分亏缺对光合活性、相对含水量、叶片水势和叶绿素浓度有负面影响，同时增加了电解质泄漏和脯氨酸积累。相比之下，应用特定的生物刺激剂，特别是基于不规则食根菌、乳酸杆菌和海藻提取物的生物刺激剂，可以显著减轻应激效应，增强膜稳定性、渗透调节和酶抗氧化活性（SOD和CAT）。此外，氮素代谢也有所改善，包括缺水条件下硝酸盐还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性升高。这些结果强调了种子施用生物刺激素作为一种可持续策略的潜力，可以提高大豆在水分亏缺胁迫下的产量和抗逆性。这种方法的未来应用可能有助于开发更多的耐旱品种，并提高大豆产量系统在变化的气候条件下的稳定性。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of selenium in biomass accumulation, stress tolerance and metabolite production in the callus cultures of Oldenlandia umbellata L. under different light regimes 不同光照条件下硒对黄榆愈伤组织生物量积累、抗逆性和代谢物产生的影响

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.008

L.V. Aswanilal , Antony Tom , E.A. Siril

The study focuses on the effect of a Selenium (Se) salt, sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃; 0, 2.5, 5, or 7 µM) with 2.5 µM Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on callus growth and anthraquinone (AQ) production in Oldenlandia umbellata, under light (50 µmolm⁻²s⁻¹ 16 h/8 h dark) and dark (24 h) conditions. The highest fresh weight was obtained in 5 µM sodium selenite-treated dark and light-raised callus. Dry weight followed a similar pattern. Total AQ production was higher in 5 µM treated callus, incubated in light. AQ production from dark incubated, sodium selenite treated callus was lower than the control, showing the influence of incubation conditions and the altered role of Se under light regimes. HPLC quantification of alizarin type AQ recorded the highest content in 7 and 5 µM treated light-raised callus. Alizarin content in dark-raised control was higher than treatment. Proline content was higher in controls from both culture conditions, whereas Se treated, light or dark incubated callus showed lower levels, indicating the stress-protective role of Se. Antioxidant enzyme levels of dark incubated treated callus were two-fold higher, indicating the antioxidant profile enhancing role of Se. Se promoted callus growth, enhanced antioxidant profile to cope against stress, and under favourable conditions increased AQ production. The callus cultures are the source of valuable compounds, and an increase in their biomass can increase metabolite production. The study was successful in exploring the potential of sodium selenite as a growth promoter in callus cultures, which can be extended to cell cultures of other important plant species for metabolite production. In addition, sodium selenite can be used to enhance AQ production in suspension, hairy root, adventitious root cultures and bioreactor based culture systems.

研究了硒（Se）盐亚硒酸钠（Na2SeO3; 0、2.5、5或7µM）与2.5µM萘乙酸（NAA）在光照（50µmolm−2s−1 16 h/8 h暗）和暗（24 h）条件下对大黄栎愈伤组织生长和蒽醌（AQ）产生的影响。5µM亚硒酸钠处理的愈伤组织鲜重最高。干重也有类似的规律。在光照条件下，5µM处理的愈伤组织总AQ产量较高。暗培养亚硒酸钠处理愈伤组织的AQ产量低于对照，说明了培养条件的影响以及光照条件下硒的作用发生了改变。HPLC定量分析显示，7µM和5µM处理的愈伤组织中茜素含量最高。暗养对照茜素含量高于处理。两种培养条件下，脯氨酸含量均高于对照，而硒处理后的愈伤组织中脯氨酸含量较低，说明硒的胁迫保护作用。暗培养处理的愈伤组织的抗氧化酶水平提高了2倍，表明硒具有增强抗氧化能力的作用。硒促进愈伤组织生长，增强抗氧化能力，在有利条件下增加AQ产量。愈伤组织培养物是有价值化合物的来源，其生物量的增加可以增加代谢物的产生。该研究成功地探索了亚硒酸钠在愈伤组织培养中作为生长促进剂的潜力，并可将其推广到其他重要植物物种的细胞培养中以产生代谢物。此外，亚硒酸钠可以提高悬浮、毛状根、不定根和生物反应器培养体系中AQ的产量。

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引用次数: 0