South African Journal of Botany最新文献_第4页

Physiological and biochemical adjustments in soybean induced by biostimulants application under water deficit stress 水分亏缺胁迫下生物刺激素对大豆生理生化的影响

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.004

Andres Felipe Gaona Acevedo , Juliana Nascimento Rodrigues

Water deficit stress (WDS) is a major abiotic factor limiting soybean yield by affecting key physiological and biochemical processes. The application of plant biostimulants has emerged as a promising strategy to mitigate the deleterious effects of water deficit. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and biochemical responses of soybean plants subjected to water deficit and treated with different biostimulants applied to seeds. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions using a randomized block design with subdivided plots. Two water regimes were imposed: field capacity (−10 kPa) and drought stress (−25 kPa), and eight seed-applied biostimulant treatments were evaluated. Water deficit negatively affected photosynthetic activity, relative water content, leaf water potential, and chlorophyll concentration, while increasing electrolyte leakage and proline accumulation. In contrast, the application of specific biostimulants, particularly those based on Rhizophagus irregularis, Lactobacillus spp., and seaweed extracts, significantly mitigated stress effects, enhancing membrane stability, osmotic adjustment, and enzymatic antioxidant activity (SOD and CAT). Moreover, improvements in nitrogen metabolism were observed, including higher nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity under water deficit. These results highlight the potential of seed-applied biostimulants as a sustainable strategy to enhance soybean yield and resilience under water deficit stress. Future applications of this approach may contribute to the development of more drought-tolerant cultivars and to improving the stability of soybean yield systems under changing climatic conditions.

水分亏缺胁迫通过影响大豆关键生理生化过程，是制约大豆产量的主要非生物因子。植物生物刺激素的应用已成为减轻水分亏缺有害影响的一种有前途的策略。本研究旨在探讨大豆种子在不同生物刺激剂处理下对水分亏缺的生理生化反应。试验在温室条件下进行，采用随机区组设计，小区划分。施加了两种水制度：田间容量（- 10 kPa）和干旱胁迫（- 25 kPa），并评估了8种种子施用生物刺激素处理。水分亏缺对光合活性、相对含水量、叶片水势和叶绿素浓度有负面影响，同时增加了电解质泄漏和脯氨酸积累。相比之下，应用特定的生物刺激剂，特别是基于不规则食根菌、乳酸杆菌和海藻提取物的生物刺激剂，可以显著减轻应激效应，增强膜稳定性、渗透调节和酶抗氧化活性（SOD和CAT）。此外，氮素代谢也有所改善，包括缺水条件下硝酸盐还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性升高。这些结果强调了种子施用生物刺激素作为一种可持续策略的潜力，可以提高大豆在水分亏缺胁迫下的产量和抗逆性。这种方法的未来应用可能有助于开发更多的耐旱品种，并提高大豆产量系统在变化的气候条件下的稳定性。

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引用次数: 0

Species composition shifts across quartz island boundaries in the summer rainfall Nama-Karoo 在Nama-Karoo夏季降雨中，物种组成跨越石英岛边界

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.043

Katharina Meyer , Alexander M. Bürger , Pia M. Eibes , Jens Oldeland , Severin D.H. Irl , Ute Schmiedel

Quartz islands of southern Africa represent an ecologically unique habitat. In the winter-rainfall Succulent Karoo biome, quartz islands exhibit sharp boundaries with the surrounding zonal habitats, which contribute to an abrupt species turnover. However, whether quartz islands in the summer-rainfall Nama-Karoo biome show different patterns has not yet been investigated. Therefore, we ask how species composition and environmental gradients change across the boundary from the surrounding habitat to the quartz islands of the Nama-Karoo.

We sampled 10 transects placed perpendicularly across the habitat boundaries between quartz islands and zonal habitats. The transects were subdivided into 15 plots of 5 m x 1 m in size. We analysed species richness and community weighted means of plant traits by using generalized additive modelling and beta diversity by using beta regression. Environmental drivers were identified using generalized additive modelling and canonical correspondence analysis.

Species richness slightly increased over the boundary between the two habitats. Vegetation cover decreased, but cover of succulents, quartz specialists, and nano-chamaephytes increased constantly from zonal habitats to quartz islands, revealing a gradual transition and no abrupt change across the boundary. Species turnover increased with increasing plot distance along the transect. Species change over the transect was mainly driven by gradients in soil texture, quartz cover and soil organic carbon.

Our study showed for the first time that in the Nama-Karoo the habitat boundaries around quartz islands are not as abrupt as in the Succulent Karoo. However, we were able to observe significant changes in environmental gradients and plant traits within 15 m transects, reflecting the ecological distinctiveness of the quartz islands. The potential role of rainfall seasonality on soil patterns are discussed.

非洲南部的石英岛是一个生态独特的栖息地。在冬季降雨多肉的卡鲁生物群系中，石英岛与周围的地带性栖息地表现出明显的边界，这有助于物种的突然更替。然而，在夏季降雨的Nama-Karoo生物群系中，石英岛是否表现出不同的模式尚未被调查。因此，我们想知道物种组成和环境梯度是如何从周围栖息地到纳玛-卡鲁石英岛的边界变化的。我们在石英岛和地带性栖息地之间垂直放置了10个样带。样带被细分为15个地块，面积为5 m x 1 m。利用广义加性模型分析了物种丰富度和群落加权平均值，利用beta回归分析了物种多样性。使用广义加性建模和规范对应分析确定了环境驱动因素。物种丰富度在两种生境的边界上略有增加。从地带性生境到石英岛，多肉植物、石英专家和纳米变色体的覆盖面积不断增加，呈现渐变的过渡，跨界无突变。物种周转随样带样地距离的增加而增加。样带物种变化主要受土壤质地、石英覆盖和土壤有机碳的梯度驱动。我们的研究首次表明，在纳玛-卡鲁，石英岛周围的栖息地边界不像在多肉卡鲁那样突然。然而，我们能够观察到15 m样带内环境梯度和植物性状的显著变化，反映了石英岛的生态独特性。讨论了降雨季节性对土壤格局的潜在影响。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of in vitro anticancer and antioxidant activities of various extracts of Bayramiç Beyazı nectarine, and molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and protein-protein interaction network Bayramiç贝亚扎尔油桃不同提取物体外抗肿瘤、抗氧化活性研究，分子对接、分子动力学模拟、蛋白-蛋白相互作用网络研究

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.021

Özlem Maraba , Mehmet Ay , Ferah Comert Onder

Nectarine (Prunus persica var. nucipersica), due to its high phenolic content and antioxidant properties, holds significance for human health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anticancer and antioxidant effects of the extracts obtained from the fruit and kernel of "Bayramiç Beyazı" nectarine, a geographically indicated fruit grown in Bayramiç district of Çanakkale. The anticancer effects of the methanol and aqueous ethanol extracts were evaluated on breast and colon cancer cell lines. Apoptotic fragmentation and mitochondrial membrane potential of fruit and kernel extracts were examined under fluorescence microscopy. Antioxidant activity and phenolic content were determined using DPPH, ABTS, and Folin-Ciocalteu (F-C) methods, respectively. Kernel extract has the highest antioxidant activity (DPPH IC₅₀= 0.15 ± 0.001 mg/mL). The fruit methanol, aqueous ethanol, and kernel aqueous ethanol extracts significantly reduced the fluorescent intensity of the cells. A combination study was conducted between the extracts and doxorubicin. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies of some of the identified components were performed using the Glide/SP and Desmond against a drug target PRK1. The highest binding affinity with quercetin for targeting PRK1 was calculated as -8.789 kcal/mol. The average RMSD values were calculated between 3.43 ± 0.31 and 2.22 ± 0.30 Å throughout 500 ns MD simulations. A protein-protein interaction network analysis was performed for PRK1 using a systems biology approach to identify the highest scoring predicted proteins such as RHOA, MAP2K3, and MEFV. The investigation of the in vitro anticancer effects of “Bayramiç Beyazı” extracts and combined in silico analyses were carried out for the first time, and the outcomes of this study have promising potential for future studies.

油桃（Prunus persica var. nucipersica）因其高酚含量和抗氧化特性，对人体健康具有重要意义。本研究的目的是评价生长在Çanakkale Bayramiç地区的地理标志水果“Bayramiç贝亚泽尔”油桃果实和核提取物的体外抗癌和抗氧化作用。研究了甲醇和水乙醇提取物对乳腺癌和结肠癌细胞株的抗癌作用。荧光显微镜下观察果仁提取物的细胞凋亡和线粒体膜电位。采用DPPH法、ABTS法和F-C法测定其抗氧化活性和酚类含量。果仁提取物的抗氧化活性最高（DPPH IC50= 0.15±0.001 mg/mL）。果实甲醇、水乙醇和果仁水乙醇提取物显著降低了细胞的荧光强度。对其提取物与阿霉素进行了联合研究。利用Glide/SP和Desmond对药物靶点PRK1进行了分子对接和分子动力学（MD）模拟研究。与槲皮素结合PRK1的最高亲和力为-8.789 kcal/mol。在500 ns MD模拟中，平均RMSD值在3.43±0.31和2.22±0.30 Å之间。使用系统生物学方法对PRK1进行蛋白相互作用网络分析，以确定评分最高的预测蛋白，如RHOA、MAP2K3和MEFV。本文首次开展了“Bayramiç beyazza”提取物的体外抗癌作用研究，并进行了计算机联合分析，本研究结果具有良好的研究前景。

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引用次数: 0

Flavonoids and iridoids in the aerial parts of Vaccinium secundiflorum Hook. (Ericaceae): Insights into their antioxidant and antidiabetic activities 二恶英地上部黄酮类和环烯醚萜类化合物的研究。（Ericaceae）：对其抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性的研究

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.028

Nantenaina Tombozara , Minjie Zhao , Rinah Zoarilala Razafindrakoto , Eric Marchioni , David Ramanitrahasimbola , Charles Andrianjara , Reine Dorothée Ramilison-Razafimahefa , Dina Andriamahavola Rakotondramanana , Diane Julien-David

The aerial parts of Vaccinium secundiflorum Hook. (Ericaceae) are traditionally used by communities living near the Tapia forests of Madagascar to treat diabetes, diarrhoea, and stomach aches. Our previous research demonstrated that the methanolic extract this plant possesses both antioxidant and hypoglycaemic activities. To further investigate these preliminary findings, the present study aimed to isolate and identify the major bioactive compounds responsible for these pharmacological effects. Six compounds were isolated, including four flavonoids – quercetin (A), isoquercetin (B), hyperoside (C) and rutin (D) – and two iridoids – vaccinoside (E) and 10-O-trans-p-coumaroyl-6α-hydroxydihydromonotropein (F). Their chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques (UV, HRMS and NMR). Flavonoids A-D exhibited notable antioxidant activity against DPPH free radical, with IC₅₀ values of 34.37 ± 0.79, 50.47 ± 0.32, 49.48 ± 0.54, and 56.43 ± 0.52 µM, respectively. In contrast, iridoids E and F showed significant inhibitory activity against dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), a key enzyme involved in incretin degradation and established therapeutic target in diabetes, with IC₅₀ values of 52.24 ± 4.03 and 43.17 ± 1.19 µM, respectively. Additionally, phytochemical profiling of the methanolic extract using UHPLC-UV-HRMS-MS/MS tentatively identified twenty-nine compounds, including A-F, belonging to various chemical classes such as flavonoids, iridoids, tannins, lignans, organic acids, and other phenolic compounds. This study reports for the first time the DPP-4 inhibitory activity of vaccinoside (E) and 10-O-trans-p-coumaroyl-6α-hydroxydihydromonotropein (F), highlighting the therapeutic potential of V. secundiflorum as a natural source of antidiabetic agents.

次生花莲的地上部分。生活在马达加斯加Tapia森林附近的社区传统上使用这种植物来治疗糖尿病、腹泻和胃痛。我们之前的研究表明，这种植物的甲醇提取物具有抗氧化和降糖活性。为了进一步研究这些初步发现，本研究旨在分离和鉴定这些药理作用的主要生物活性化合物。共分离得到槲皮素(A)、异槲皮素(B)、金丝桃苷(C)、芦丁(D) 4种黄酮类化合物和疫苗苷(E)、10- o -反式-对香豆醇-6α-羟基二氢单肌蛋白(F) 2种环烯醚萜类化合物。通过紫外、质谱和核磁共振等光谱技术对其化学结构进行了表征。黄酮类化合物A-D对DPPH自由基具有显著的抗氧化活性，IC50值分别为34.37±0.79、50.47±0.32、49.48±0.54和56.43±0.52µM。环烯醚萜E和F对二肽基肽酶-4 （DPP-4）具有显著的抑制活性，其IC50值分别为52.24±4.03和43.17±1.19µM。二肽基肽酶-4是参与肠促胰岛素降解的关键酶，也是糖尿病的治疗靶点。此外，利用UHPLC-UV-HRMS-MS/MS对甲醇提取物进行植物化学分析，初步鉴定出29种化合物，包括A-F，属于不同的化学类别，如黄酮类、环烯醚萜类、单宁类、木脂素类、有机酸类和其他酚类化合物。本研究首次报道了疫苗苷(E)和10- o -反式-对-coumaroyl-6α-羟基二氢单肌蛋白(F)的DPP-4抑制活性，突出了二花莲作为抗糖尿病药物的天然来源的治疗潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic diversity and population structure analysis of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) using agronomic and SSR markers for breeding high-yielding, early-maturing, and stress-resilient genotypes 利用农艺和SSR标记选育绿豆高产、早熟和抗逆性基因型的遗传多样性和群体结构分析

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.017

Versha Rohilla , Hirdayesh Anuragi , Rajesh Yadav , Ravika Sheoran , Atman Poonia , Amit Sharma

Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) is a short-duration, nutritionally rich legume with high-quality proteins and micronutrients, making it an important dietary component for combating malnutrition and diversifying cereal-dominated cropping systems. However, its genetic improvement is constrained by a narrow genetic base and vulnerability to biotic and abiotic stresses. This study assessed the genetic diversity of 80 mungbean genotypes, comprising advanced breeding lines and released cultivars, across four environments (kharif, 2018; summer, 2019; kharif, 2019; summer, 2020) using 30 morphological and yield traits coupled with 164 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Principal factor analysis identified eight components explaining >73 % of phenotypic variation, with yield-related traits loading strongly on PF3 in summer and PF2 in kharif and pooled analyses. Yellow mosaic disease (YMD) exhibited a consistent negative association with yield. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) grouped genotypes into ten morphological clusters, whereas SSR-based unweighted neighbor-joining analysis revealed three major molecular clusters, with limited correspondence between phenotypic and molecular groupings. Average estimates of heritability and Fst were >60 % and 0.071. Population structure analyses showed similar groupings, indicating a shared ancestry among advanced genotypes, with SP1–SP3 pure and SP4 admixture. Genotypes MH 421, MH 318, MH 1314, IPM 409–4, and IPM 205–7 emerged as high-yielding and early-maturing across environments with stress-resilience. Also, this study novelly pinpoint divergent parents for heterosis and resilient cultivar breeding. Integration of multi-environment phenotyping and molecular profiling provided a robust framework for selecting genetically divergent parents to maximize heterosis and accelerate mungbean improvement. Future genomic-assisted and multi-omics approaches can exploit the identified diversity to develop high-yielding, climate-resilient, and nutritionally enhanced cultivars in legumes.

绿豆（Vigna radiata L. Wilczek）是一种持续时间短、营养丰富的豆科植物，含有优质蛋白质和微量营养素，是对抗营养不良和实现谷物为主的种植系统多样化的重要膳食成分。然而，其遗传改良受到遗传基础狭窄和易受生物和非生物胁迫的限制。本研究利用30个形态和产量性状，以及164个SSR标记，评估了80个绿豆基因型的遗传多样性，包括高级育种系和发布品种，跨越4个环境（kharif, 2018; summer, 2019; kharif, 2019; summer, 2020）。主因子分析确定了8个因素解释了73%的表型变异，其中产量相关性状在夏季和秋季对PF3和PF2的影响较大。黄花叶病（YMD）与产量呈负相关。层次聚类分析（HCA）将基因型分为10个形态聚类，而基于ssr的非加权邻居连接分析显示了3个主要的分子聚类，表型和分子聚类之间的对应关系有限。遗传力和Fst的平均估计值分别为60%和0.071。种群结构分析显示相似的分组，表明高级基因型具有共同的祖先，具有SP1-SP3纯型和SP4混合型。基因型MH 421、MH 318、MH 1314、IPM 409-4和IPM 205-7在具有应激恢复能力的环境中表现出高产早熟。此外，本研究还为杂种优势和抗逆性育种找到了新的分化亲本。多环境表型和分子图谱的整合为选择遗传差异亲本提供了强有力的框架，以最大限度地提高杂种优势和加速绿豆改良。未来的基因组辅助和多组学方法可以利用已确定的多样性来开发高产、气候适应型和营养增强型豆科作物品种。

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引用次数: 0

Allelopathic and antioxidant potentials associated with major secondary metabolites of Canna x generalis L.H. Bailey & E.Z. Bailey and Equisetum giganteum L 美人蕉（L.H. Bailey & E.Z. Bailey）和木贼草（Equisetum giganteum L.）主要次生代谢产物的化感作用和抗氧化潜能

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2025.12.026

Leticia. Z.S. Caputo , Jéssica. S.N. Lima , Nathália S. Rocha , Bruno A. Caputo , Karen. M. Takahashi , Valéria S. Gonçalves , Ana Carina S.C. Seron , Nídia C. Yoshida , Marize Terezinha L.P. Peres , Paula L. Paulo

Plants play fundamental roles in nature that inspire various biotechnological applications, especially those related to allelopathic and antioxidant activities mediated by secondary metabolites. This study evaluated the allelopathic and antioxidant potentials of extracts from Canna x generalis (canna lily) and Equisetum giganteum (giant horsetail), as well as to identify their major secondary metabolites. Allelopathic activities were assessed through germination and growth bioassays using Lactuca sativa and Allium cepa as target species. Antioxidant potential was determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging potential. Secondary metabolites were identified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and validated by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS. The extract from the underground parts of C. x generalis exhibited significant efficacy in inhibiting the germination and growth of L. sativa. In contrast, the foliar extract from both species inhibited the germination of A. cepa. The underground extract of C. x generalis exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity (99.21 % DPPH inhibition). Flavonoids were identified as the main contributors to the allelopathic activity, while quercetin and salvianolic acid B were the principal antioxidant agents. The results indicate that these species have potential for biotechnological applications, especially in biological control and environmental remediation, and can potentially facilitate the development of effective measures to control the growth of unwanted plant species in agricultural fields.

植物在自然界中发挥着重要的作用，激发了各种生物技术的应用，特别是与次生代谢物介导的化感作用和抗氧化活性有关的生物技术。本研究评价了美人蕉（美人蕉百合）和木犀草（巨型马尾）提取物的化感作用和抗氧化作用，并鉴定了它们的主要次生代谢产物。以油菜和韭菜为靶种，通过萌发和生长生物测定法评价化感作用。采用DPPH（2,2-二苯基-1-吡啶肼基）自由基清除电位测定抗氧化能力。二级代谢物采用薄层色谱（TLC）鉴定，HPLC-DAD-MS/MS验证。菝葜地下部分提取物对苜蓿的萌发和生长有显著的抑制作用。相反，两种植物的叶面提取物均抑制了cepa的萌发。地下提取物抗氧化能力最强，DPPH抑制率达99.21%。黄酮类化合物是主要的化感剂，槲皮素和丹酚酸B是主要的抗氧化剂。结果表明，这些物种具有潜在的生物技术应用潜力，特别是在生物防治和环境修复方面，并有可能促进制定有效措施来控制农田有害植物的生长。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating the bioactive phytoconstituents of Cocculus hirsutus (L.) W.Theob.: UHPLC-PDA-based quantification, UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS-based qualitative analysis and network pharmacology-based target prediction 毛毛球（Cocculus hirsutus， L.）植物活性成分的研究基于uhplc - pda的定量分析、基于UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/ ms的定性分析和基于网络药理学的靶点预测

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.001

Shivani , Anmol , Shiv Kumar , Prateek Singh Bora , Upendra Sharma

Cocculus hirsutus (L.) W.Theob. is a perennial shrub used as ethnomedicine for treating fever, constipation, gonorrhea, snakebite, joint pain, and skin diseases. Despite its ethnomedicinal importance, qualitative and quantitative studies of its phytoconstituents, particularly erythrina, protoberberine, and oxyprotoberberine-type alkaloids, remain limited. Therefore, a new Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography with a Photo-Diode Array detector (UHPLC-PDA) based method was developed to quantify eight specialized metabolites. The developed UHPLC-PDA method demonstrated excellent linearity (r² ≥0.990), precision (intra-day RSDs ≤ 2.95 and inter-day RSDs ≤ 3.58), accuracy (83.41–116.33 %), and sensitivity (limits of detection (LOD) 0.97–1.95 μg/mL; and limits of quantification (LOQ) 3.20–6.43 μg/mL). The developed method was applied for the quantitative analysis of extracts/fractions of root, stem, and leaves, revealing higher chemical diversity in roots, showing the presence of five alkaloids [15-carboxydihydroerysotrine, magnoflorine, tetrahydropalmatine, 8-oxytetrahydropalmatine, and (14R)-4‑methoxy-13,14-dihydrooxypalmatine] along with two ecdysteroids [turkesterone and 20-hydroxyecdysone]. In contrast, leaves and stems were enriched with magnoflorine and 20-hydroxyecdysone, respectively. Moreover, the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) based chemical profiling of roots revealed the presence of twenty-five compounds based on their MS spectra and MS/MS fragmentation. Additionally, the eco-friendliness of the developed method was determined using Analytical GREEnness (AGREE) and complementary green analytical procedure index (Complex GAPI) software. Furthermore, the network pharmacology analysis revealed the potential pharmacodynamic effect of C. hirsutus phytoconstituents. Overall, this study analyzes the phytoconstituents of C. hirsutus qualitatively and quantitatively, revealing diverse metabolite compositions and identifying potential pharmacological targets, supporting its medicinal potential.

毛毛球（L.）W.Theob。是一种多年生灌木，用于治疗发烧、便秘、淋病、蛇咬伤、关节痛和皮肤病。尽管其具有重要的民族医学意义，但对其植物成分，特别是赤藓属、原小檗碱和氧原小檗碱类生物碱的定性和定量研究仍然有限。因此，建立了一种基于光电二极管阵列检测器（UHPLC-PDA）的超高效液相色谱（UHPLC-PDA）方法来定量8种特殊代谢物。该方法线性度（r2≥0.990）、精密度（日内rsd≤2.95、日内rsd≤3.58）、准确度（83.41 ~ 116.33%）、灵敏度(检出限（LOD） 0.97 ~ 1.95 μg/mL；定量限（LOQ） 3.20 ~ 6.43 μg/mL。将该方法应用于根、茎和叶的提取物/组分的定量分析，揭示了根中较高的化学多样性，显示出五种生物碱[15-羧基二氢丹参碱、木犀草碱、四氢棕榈碱、8-氧四氢棕榈碱和(14R)-4 -甲氧基-13,14-二氢棕榈碱]以及两种外皮甾体[turkesterone和20-hydroxyecdysone]的存在。叶片和茎分别富含木兰花碱和20-羟基蜕皮素。此外，基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱（UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS）的根化学谱分析显示，根据其MS谱和MS/MS碎片，存在25种化合物。此外，采用分析绿色度（Analytical GREEnness， AGREE）和互补绿色分析程序指数（complementary green Analytical procedure index, Complex GAPI）软件对所开发方法的生态友好性进行了测定。此外，网络药理学分析揭示了毛毛草植物成分潜在的药效学作用。总的来说，本研究定性和定量地分析了毛毛草的植物成分，揭示了其多种代谢产物的组成，并确定了潜在的药理靶点，支持了其药用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Phytochemical and biological traits of Crinum x powellii hort ex. Baker (Family Amaryllidaceae): A review 长春菊（amarylliaceae）植物化学和生物学特性研究进展

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.029

Esraa Ahmed Abas , Amany Hamouda Mahmoud , John Refaat Fahim , Ahmed Abdel-Lateff

Crinum x powellii hort ex. Baker, commonly known as 'swamp lily' or 'Cape lily', is a bulbous species within the plant family Amaryllidaceae. It has common geographical distribution throughout the subtropical and tropical regions, especially South Africa. Besides its well-known ornamental and economic significance, C. powellii is a medicinal plant species thanks to the abundance of several bioactive constituents. So far, a variety of structurally diverse Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have been identified from C. powellii, typically dominated by crinine- and lycorine-type alkaloids, along with some representatives of the tazettine-, galanthamine-, lycorenine-, cherylline-, cripowelline-, belladine-, ismine-types. This plant species has been also shown to produce non-alkaloidal metabolites, mostly represented by flavonoids, phenolic acids, fatty acid derivatives, and alcohols that have attracted lesser attention than alkaloids. Moreover, various extracts of different organs of C. powellii have been reported to show a range of biological and pharmacological properties, including anticholinesterase, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and insecticidal activities. Therefore, this work was undertaken to provide a comprehensive overview of the current phytochemical and biological features of C. powellii, outlining the current gaps and future research perspectives to help expand its applications in the medicinal and pharmaceutical domains.

Crinum x powellii short ex. Baker，通常被称为“沼泽百合”或“角百合”，是植物科Amaryllidaceae中的一个球茎物种。它有共同的地理分布在整个亚热带和热带地区，特别是南非。除了其众所周知的观赏和经济意义外，由于其丰富的几种生物活性成分，苦参是一种药用植物。到目前为止，已经从苦参中鉴定出了多种结构多样的Amaryllidaceae生物碱，主要以creinine -型和石蒜碱型生物碱为主，同时也有tazettine-型、galanthamine-型、lycorenine-型、cherylline-型、cripowelline-型、belladine-型、ismine-型的代表。该植物也被证明产生非生物碱代谢物，主要以类黄酮、酚酸、脂肪酸衍生物和醇为代表，这些代谢物比生物碱引起的关注要少。此外，据报道，苦参不同器官的各种提取物显示出一系列的生物学和药理学特性，包括抗胆碱酯酶、细胞毒、抗氧化、降糖和杀虫活性。因此，本研究旨在对棘豆属植物化学和生物学特性的研究现状进行综述，并提出目前存在的不足和未来的研究方向，以帮助其在医药和制药领域的应用。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of selenium in biomass accumulation, stress tolerance and metabolite production in the callus cultures of Oldenlandia umbellata L. under different light regimes 不同光照条件下硒对黄榆愈伤组织生物量积累、抗逆性和代谢物产生的影响

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.008

L.V. Aswanilal , Antony Tom , E.A. Siril

The study focuses on the effect of a Selenium (Se) salt, sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃; 0, 2.5, 5, or 7 µM) with 2.5 µM Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on callus growth and anthraquinone (AQ) production in Oldenlandia umbellata, under light (50 µmolm⁻²s⁻¹ 16 h/8 h dark) and dark (24 h) conditions. The highest fresh weight was obtained in 5 µM sodium selenite-treated dark and light-raised callus. Dry weight followed a similar pattern. Total AQ production was higher in 5 µM treated callus, incubated in light. AQ production from dark incubated, sodium selenite treated callus was lower than the control, showing the influence of incubation conditions and the altered role of Se under light regimes. HPLC quantification of alizarin type AQ recorded the highest content in 7 and 5 µM treated light-raised callus. Alizarin content in dark-raised control was higher than treatment. Proline content was higher in controls from both culture conditions, whereas Se treated, light or dark incubated callus showed lower levels, indicating the stress-protective role of Se. Antioxidant enzyme levels of dark incubated treated callus were two-fold higher, indicating the antioxidant profile enhancing role of Se. Se promoted callus growth, enhanced antioxidant profile to cope against stress, and under favourable conditions increased AQ production. The callus cultures are the source of valuable compounds, and an increase in their biomass can increase metabolite production. The study was successful in exploring the potential of sodium selenite as a growth promoter in callus cultures, which can be extended to cell cultures of other important plant species for metabolite production. In addition, sodium selenite can be used to enhance AQ production in suspension, hairy root, adventitious root cultures and bioreactor based culture systems.

研究了硒（Se）盐亚硒酸钠（Na2SeO3; 0、2.5、5或7µM）与2.5µM萘乙酸（NAA）在光照（50µmolm−2s−1 16 h/8 h暗）和暗（24 h）条件下对大黄栎愈伤组织生长和蒽醌（AQ）产生的影响。5µM亚硒酸钠处理的愈伤组织鲜重最高。干重也有类似的规律。在光照条件下，5µM处理的愈伤组织总AQ产量较高。暗培养亚硒酸钠处理愈伤组织的AQ产量低于对照，说明了培养条件的影响以及光照条件下硒的作用发生了改变。HPLC定量分析显示，7µM和5µM处理的愈伤组织中茜素含量最高。暗养对照茜素含量高于处理。两种培养条件下，脯氨酸含量均高于对照，而硒处理后的愈伤组织中脯氨酸含量较低，说明硒的胁迫保护作用。暗培养处理的愈伤组织的抗氧化酶水平提高了2倍，表明硒具有增强抗氧化能力的作用。硒促进愈伤组织生长，增强抗氧化能力，在有利条件下增加AQ产量。愈伤组织培养物是有价值化合物的来源，其生物量的增加可以增加代谢物的产生。该研究成功地探索了亚硒酸钠在愈伤组织培养中作为生长促进剂的潜力，并可将其推广到其他重要植物物种的细胞培养中以产生代谢物。此外，亚硒酸钠可以提高悬浮、毛状根、不定根和生物反应器培养体系中AQ的产量。

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引用次数: 0

Network pharmacology and animal experiments reveal the mechanism of action of hydroxysafflower yellow a against liver fibrosis 网络药理学和动物实验揭示了羟基红花黄a抗肝纤维化的作用机制

IF 2.7 3区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

South African Journal of Botany

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2026.01.016

Qing Liu , Rui Wang , Zhenbo Li , Yihan Liu , Lei Wu , Jing Yang

Objective

To investigate the molecular mechanism of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) against liver fibrosis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques, and to verify its effect through animal experiments.

Methods

HSYA-related and liver fibrosis targets were retrieved from databases; intersection targets were identified and analyzed for PPI network, GO and KEGG enrichment; molecular docking and animal experiments were performed.

Results

Network pharmacology analysis indicates that proto-oncogene (SRC), interleukin-6 (IL6), mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are key core targets(degree values all > 60). GO functional enrichment analysis involved biological processes such as regulation of inflammatory response and regulation of cell apoptosis; KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that HSYA may exert its effect through signaling pathways including PI3K/Akt, MAPK and RAS. In animal experiments, HE and Masson staining showed that compared with the model group, the area of liver tissue fibrosis proliferation in the HSYA administration group was reduced by 42.3% (P < 0.01), the collagen deposition was decreased by 38.6% (P < 0.01), and the number of inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced by 51.2% (P < 0.01); Western blot results showed that the expression levels of PI3K and Akt proteins in the liver tissue of the administration group were down-regulated by 35.7% and 32.1% compared with the model group, respectively (all P < 0.01).

Conclusion

HSYA may exert anti-liver fibrosis effects by regulating key targets such as SRC, IL6, MAPK3 and EGFR, mediating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and inhibiting liver tissue inflammatory response and collagen deposition.

目的基于网络药理学和分子对接技术探讨羟基afflor yellow A （HSYA）抗肝纤维化的分子机制，并通过动物实验验证其作用。方法从数据库中检索shsya相关靶点和肝纤维化靶点；确定并分析了PPI网络、GO和KEGG富集的交叉目标；进行分子对接和动物实验。结果网络药理学分析表明，原癌基因（SRC）、白细胞介素-6 （IL6）、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶3 （MAPK3）和表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）是关键的核心靶点（度均为>； 60）。氧化石墨烯功能富集分析涉及炎症反应调控和细胞凋亡调控等生物学过程；KEGG富集分析表明，HSYA可能通过PI3K/Akt、MAPK和RAS等信号通路发挥作用。动物实验中HE、Masson染色显示，与模型组比较，HSYA给药组大鼠肝组织纤维化增殖面积减少42.3% (P < 0.01)，胶原沉积减少38.6% (P < 0.01)，炎症细胞浸润数量减少51.2% (P < 0.01)；Western blot结果显示，与模型组比较，给药组大鼠肝组织中PI3K、Akt蛋白表达水平分别下调35.7%、32.1% （P < 0.01）。结论hsya可能通过调节SRC、IL6、MAPK3、EGFR等关键靶点，介导PI3K/Akt信号通路，抑制肝组织炎症反应和胶原沉积，发挥抗肝纤维化作用。

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引用次数: 0