Pub Date : 2024-02-27DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p315
R. S. Teixeira, Maria Carolina Narval de Araújo, A. Barbosa, Rodrigo de Almeida, Milene Lopes dos Santos, Letícia Alves Martins Duarte, Vanessa Masson Honorio, M. N. Corrêa, F. Pino
This study evaluated the effect of two commercial forms of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST; Later® and Fast®; 500 mg) on feed variability, feeding behavior, zootechnical parameters, and milk production of Holstein cows after peak production. Eighteen cows were randomly divided into two groups and treated with injectable of rbST every 14 days for 70 days. Blood samples were collected on day 1, 4, and 7 of each cycle, to assess circulating levels of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA). Weight and body condition score (BCS) assessments were performed. Milk yields were measured daily using the DelPro™ software (DeLaval®). Feed consumption and feeding behavior was obtained daily using automatic individual feeders (Intergado®). No difference was observed in dry matter intake (DMI) between groups (P=0.07), and no impact was noted on dietary variability (P=0.64). In addition, animals treated with rbST-Fast exhibited more frequent visits to feeders, longer time in consumption, and higher relative DMI (per percentage of live weight) (P<0.01). Animals in the rbST-Fast group produced more milk than those in the rbST-Later group (P=0.03). Furthermore, the weight of the cows was significantly different (P=0.05) between groups. The weight of the rbST-Fast animals was smaller and varied more than thot of the rbST-Later animals (P <0.01). Nonetheless, no difference was noted in BCS (P=0.30) between the groups. The animals in the rbST-Fast group had higher concentrations of NEFA than those in the rbST-Later group (P<0.01). In conclusion, behavioral and metabolic shifts that sustained greater milk production in the cows receiving rbST-Fast. Nonetheless, these shifts are likely linked to lipomobilization and not dietary variability or consumption, as evidenced by the increase in NEFA and greater weight loss in that group.
{"title":"Effect of two recombinant bovine somatotropin formulations on feeding behavior and metabolism of Holstein cows","authors":"R. S. Teixeira, Maria Carolina Narval de Araújo, A. Barbosa, Rodrigo de Almeida, Milene Lopes dos Santos, Letícia Alves Martins Duarte, Vanessa Masson Honorio, M. N. Corrêa, F. Pino","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p315","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the effect of two commercial forms of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST; Later® and Fast®; 500 mg) on feed variability, feeding behavior, zootechnical parameters, and milk production of Holstein cows after peak production. Eighteen cows were randomly divided into two groups and treated with injectable of rbST every 14 days for 70 days. Blood samples were collected on day 1, 4, and 7 of each cycle, to assess circulating levels of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA). Weight and body condition score (BCS) assessments were performed. Milk yields were measured daily using the DelPro™ software (DeLaval®). Feed consumption and feeding behavior was obtained daily using automatic individual feeders (Intergado®). No difference was observed in dry matter intake (DMI) between groups (P=0.07), and no impact was noted on dietary variability (P=0.64). In addition, animals treated with rbST-Fast exhibited more frequent visits to feeders, longer time in consumption, and higher relative DMI (per percentage of live weight) (P<0.01). Animals in the rbST-Fast group produced more milk than those in the rbST-Later group (P=0.03). Furthermore, the weight of the cows was significantly different (P=0.05) between groups. The weight of the rbST-Fast animals was smaller and varied more than thot of the rbST-Later animals (P <0.01). Nonetheless, no difference was noted in BCS (P=0.30) between the groups. The animals in the rbST-Fast group had higher concentrations of NEFA than those in the rbST-Later group (P<0.01). In conclusion, behavioral and metabolic shifts that sustained greater milk production in the cows receiving rbST-Fast. Nonetheless, these shifts are likely linked to lipomobilization and not dietary variability or consumption, as evidenced by the increase in NEFA and greater weight loss in that group.","PeriodicalId":21921,"journal":{"name":"Semina: Ciências Agrárias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140426486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p305
Jorge Avelino Rodriguez Lozada, Klever Cristiano Silveira, R. O. Melo, Marihus Altoé Baldotto, Lílian Estrela Borges Baldotto
In the farming, increasing demands for higher yields has put pressure on land resources which eventually increased demand for phosphate fertilizers (non-renewable resource), given that low availability of phosphorus in many soils is often compensated by the application high doses phosphate fertilizers. Complementary, studies have been made with a view to select phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. The purpose of his study was to: (i) isolate and characterization potential phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from sludge from the wastewater treatment plant of a poultry slaughterhouse; (ii) evaluate the ability of bacteria to solubilize phosphate rock and promoting plant growth. The bacteria were isolated in culture medium containing calcium phosphate. Morphological characterization consisted in cell shape, Gram staining and the characteristics of the colonies. To assess natural phosphate (NPh) solubilization, maize seeds were inoculated together with Araxá phosphate. The experiment consisted of 10 treatments: eight bacterial isolates + NPh, NPh and a control. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse for 45 days, in a randomized block design, with six replications. The variables measured were the growth characteristics of the maize. Eight strains were isolated, all stained gram-positive, and 90% were rod-shaped and 10% coccoid-shaped. Inoculation with isolate LSOF-7 (Sphinghomonas sp.) combined with NPh induced increased maize dry matter by 20% compared to the treatment containing only NPh and by 67% compared to the control. It was concluded that sludge from wastewater treatment plants of poultry slaughterhouses contains bacterial strains with potential to phosphate-solubilizing and them also probably present promoting plant growth and promote maize plant growth.
{"title":"Selection and agricultural use of potential phosphate-solubilizing bacteria isolated from poultry slaughterhouse sludge in maize","authors":"Jorge Avelino Rodriguez Lozada, Klever Cristiano Silveira, R. O. Melo, Marihus Altoé Baldotto, Lílian Estrela Borges Baldotto","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p305","url":null,"abstract":"In the farming, increasing demands for higher yields has put pressure on land resources which eventually increased demand for phosphate fertilizers (non-renewable resource), given that low availability of phosphorus in many soils is often compensated by the application high doses phosphate fertilizers. Complementary, studies have been made with a view to select phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. The purpose of his study was to: (i) isolate and characterization potential phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from sludge from the wastewater treatment plant of a poultry slaughterhouse; (ii) evaluate the ability of bacteria to solubilize phosphate rock and promoting plant growth. The bacteria were isolated in culture medium containing calcium phosphate. Morphological characterization consisted in cell shape, Gram staining and the characteristics of the colonies. To assess natural phosphate (NPh) solubilization, maize seeds were inoculated together with Araxá phosphate. The experiment consisted of 10 treatments: eight bacterial isolates + NPh, NPh and a control. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse for 45 days, in a randomized block design, with six replications. The variables measured were the growth characteristics of the maize. Eight strains were isolated, all stained gram-positive, and 90% were rod-shaped and 10% coccoid-shaped. Inoculation with isolate LSOF-7 (Sphinghomonas sp.) combined with NPh induced increased maize dry matter by 20% compared to the treatment containing only NPh and by 67% compared to the control. It was concluded that sludge from wastewater treatment plants of poultry slaughterhouses contains bacterial strains with potential to phosphate-solubilizing and them also probably present promoting plant growth and promote maize plant growth.","PeriodicalId":21921,"journal":{"name":"Semina: Ciências Agrárias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140429805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p287
Rafaela Bueno Loreto, J. Delfim, L. S. Dameto, João Gustavo Alves Oliveira, L. Moraes, Adônis Moreira
The selection of an appropriate nitrogen (N) source can mitigate the negative effect of root-knot nematodes on the yield of common beans. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the application efficiency of four N sources (urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and sodium nitrate) and inoculation with Rhizobium tropici on the yield components, chlorophyll, and total nitrogen (N) leaf contents of four common bean cultivars (IDR Curió, IDR Sabiá, IDR Tuiuiú, and IDR Bem-te-vi). These beans were cultivated in substrates both infected and uninfected with Meloidogyne incognita. In the soil containing phytonematodes, the IDR Curió cultivar exhibited the highest shoot and root dry weight yield, resulting in the greatest root volume, total N content, and grain yield. Among the N sources, the application of either urea or ammonium sulfate proved the most effective in enhancing common bean productivity in soil, irrespective of the cultivar or whether the soil was infected with Meloidogyne incognita.
{"title":"Nitrogen management in common bean cultivars in soil infected by Meloidogyne incognita","authors":"Rafaela Bueno Loreto, J. Delfim, L. S. Dameto, João Gustavo Alves Oliveira, L. Moraes, Adônis Moreira","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p287","url":null,"abstract":"The selection of an appropriate nitrogen (N) source can mitigate the negative effect of root-knot nematodes on the yield of common beans. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the application efficiency of four N sources (urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, and sodium nitrate) and inoculation with Rhizobium tropici on the yield components, chlorophyll, and total nitrogen (N) leaf contents of four common bean cultivars (IDR Curió, IDR Sabiá, IDR Tuiuiú, and IDR Bem-te-vi). These beans were cultivated in substrates both infected and uninfected with Meloidogyne incognita. In the soil containing phytonematodes, the IDR Curió cultivar exhibited the highest shoot and root dry weight yield, resulting in the greatest root volume, total N content, and grain yield. Among the N sources, the application of either urea or ammonium sulfate proved the most effective in enhancing common bean productivity in soil, irrespective of the cultivar or whether the soil was infected with Meloidogyne incognita.","PeriodicalId":21921,"journal":{"name":"Semina: Ciências Agrárias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p271
Jéssica Alves de Oliveira, Flávia Mendes dos Santos Lourenço, D. G. Feitosa, Paulo Cézar Ceresini, Kátia Luciene Maltoni, A. M. R. Cassiolato
As bactérias solubilizadoras de fosfato (BSF) possuem capacidade para liberar o fósforo (P) que está adsorvido no solo, convertendo fosfato insolúvel em formas solúveis, tornando-o disponível para a absorção pelas plantas. Estas bactérias podem ser encontradas naturalmente no ambiente, tendo o solo como maior reservatório. Além de serem consideradas benéficas e seguras, as BSF representam uma alternativa viável para uso agrícola, pois podem ser multiplicadas e devolvidas à rizosfera (inoculantes, bioestimulantes, biofertilizantes, biopesticidas) para estimular o crescimento das plantas por meio de mecanismos diretos e/ou indiretos. No entanto, encontrar isolados eficientes e adaptados às diversas culturas e sistemas de cultivo permanece um grande desafio. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo prospectar BSF a partir do solo de diferentes áreas e selecionar, por meio de ensaios in vitro, cepas eficientes e com maior potencial para uso agrícola, bem como, avaliar os efeitos da inoculação em sementes de arroz de terras altas. A partir de amostras de solo coletadas em área conservada do bioma Amazônia, área agrícola produtiva do bioma Cerrado e área degradada com subsolo exposto do bioma Cerrado, foram obtidos 32 isolados solubilizadores. Destes, três foram selecionados pela capacidade de solubilização in vitro para fosfato de cálcio e/ou fosfato de ferro, e com início de solubilização precoce. Identificados como Pantoea sp., Enterobacter sp. e Klebsiella sp., os mesmos não apresentaram danos à sanidade das sementes de arroz, ou à germinação e emergência das plântulas, além de promoverem aumento do comprimento das raízes.
{"title":"Bioprospecção de bactérias solubilizadoras de fosfato em solos com diferentes fertilidades","authors":"Jéssica Alves de Oliveira, Flávia Mendes dos Santos Lourenço, D. G. Feitosa, Paulo Cézar Ceresini, Kátia Luciene Maltoni, A. M. R. Cassiolato","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p271","url":null,"abstract":"As bactérias solubilizadoras de fosfato (BSF) possuem capacidade para liberar o fósforo (P) que está adsorvido no solo, convertendo fosfato insolúvel em formas solúveis, tornando-o disponível para a absorção pelas plantas. Estas bactérias podem ser encontradas naturalmente no ambiente, tendo o solo como maior reservatório. Além de serem consideradas benéficas e seguras, as BSF representam uma alternativa viável para uso agrícola, pois podem ser multiplicadas e devolvidas à rizosfera (inoculantes, bioestimulantes, biofertilizantes, biopesticidas) para estimular o crescimento das plantas por meio de mecanismos diretos e/ou indiretos. No entanto, encontrar isolados eficientes e adaptados às diversas culturas e sistemas de cultivo permanece um grande desafio. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo prospectar BSF a partir do solo de diferentes áreas e selecionar, por meio de ensaios in vitro, cepas eficientes e com maior potencial para uso agrícola, bem como, avaliar os efeitos da inoculação em sementes de arroz de terras altas. A partir de amostras de solo coletadas em área conservada do bioma Amazônia, área agrícola produtiva do bioma Cerrado e área degradada com subsolo exposto do bioma Cerrado, foram obtidos 32 isolados solubilizadores. Destes, três foram selecionados pela capacidade de solubilização in vitro para fosfato de cálcio e/ou fosfato de ferro, e com início de solubilização precoce. Identificados como Pantoea sp., Enterobacter sp. e Klebsiella sp., os mesmos não apresentaram danos à sanidade das sementes de arroz, ou à germinação e emergência das plântulas, além de promoverem aumento do comprimento das raízes.","PeriodicalId":21921,"journal":{"name":"Semina: Ciências Agrárias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p251
Reginaldo Martins de Sousa, J. Zervoudakis, Bruno Pietsch Cunha Mendonça, Flávio Geraldo Ferreira Castro, Dandara Andersen de Oliveira Campos, Gabriela Fernandes dos Santos Teodoro, Luany Cristine Barbosa Martini, Edjane Pereira da Silva, Mozart Alves Fonseca, N. F. De Paula
Diets composed of whole flint corn grain (WCG) without any roughage source are often used in South American countries. The primary source of protein in theses diets is soybean meal. We hypothesized that the combination of different protein sources improves ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestibility. This study was carried out to assess the impacts of replacing 50% of the soybean meal by other protein sources on voluntary dry matter intake (DMI), digestibility, efficiency of N utilization, efficiency of grain use, metabolic characteristics, and ingestive behavior of Nellore cattle fed WCG diets. Five rumen-cannulated Nellore Bulls (average BW = 651.6 ± 31.83 kg) were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square design, randomly assigned to five diets consisting of 85% of WCG and 15% of pellet supplement with combination of different protein sources: SM - pellet supplement with soybean meal only; CM - soybean meal and cottonseed meal; SFM - soybean meal and sunflower meal; DDG - soybean meal and DDG; DDGS - soybean meal and DDGS. The replacement of 50% of soybean meal by DDG increased (P<0.05) DMI and organic matter intake (OMI), both DMI and OMI were lower with CM. Digestibility, ruminal pH (mean = 5.7), efficiency of N utilization, and diurnal ingestive behavior were not affected (P>0.05) by protein sources. Protein sources also did not affect the grain-use efficiency (P>0.05), with an average value of 96.6% and only 3.4% of the corn grains recovered in the feces. The concentration of GGT enzyme was greatest (P<0.05) for CM and DDGS. The inclusion of DDG increased the DMI but did not improve the nutrients’ digestibility or N metabolism. The results suggest that 50% of the [1]soybean meal can be replaced by sunflower meal, DDG, and DDGS without affecting the nutritional and metabolic parameters of Nellore cattle fed whole flint corn grain diets, providing opportunities for reducing costs in feedlot systems.
{"title":"Partial replacement of soybean meal by other protein sources on nutritional characteristics of beef cattle fed a whole corn grain diet","authors":"Reginaldo Martins de Sousa, J. Zervoudakis, Bruno Pietsch Cunha Mendonça, Flávio Geraldo Ferreira Castro, Dandara Andersen de Oliveira Campos, Gabriela Fernandes dos Santos Teodoro, Luany Cristine Barbosa Martini, Edjane Pereira da Silva, Mozart Alves Fonseca, N. F. De Paula","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p251","url":null,"abstract":"Diets composed of whole flint corn grain (WCG) without any roughage source are often used in South American countries. The primary source of protein in theses diets is soybean meal. We hypothesized that the combination of different protein sources improves ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestibility. This study was carried out to assess the impacts of replacing 50% of the soybean meal by other protein sources on voluntary dry matter intake (DMI), digestibility, efficiency of N utilization, efficiency of grain use, metabolic characteristics, and ingestive behavior of Nellore cattle fed WCG diets. Five rumen-cannulated Nellore Bulls (average BW = 651.6 ± 31.83 kg) were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square design, randomly assigned to five diets consisting of 85% of WCG and 15% of pellet supplement with combination of different protein sources: SM - pellet supplement with soybean meal only; CM - soybean meal and cottonseed meal; SFM - soybean meal and sunflower meal; DDG - soybean meal and DDG; DDGS - soybean meal and DDGS. The replacement of 50% of soybean meal by DDG increased (P<0.05) DMI and organic matter intake (OMI), both DMI and OMI were lower with CM. Digestibility, ruminal pH (mean = 5.7), efficiency of N utilization, and diurnal ingestive behavior were not affected (P>0.05) by protein sources. Protein sources also did not affect the grain-use efficiency (P>0.05), with an average value of 96.6% and only 3.4% of the corn grains recovered in the feces. The concentration of GGT enzyme was greatest (P<0.05) for CM and DDGS. The inclusion of DDG increased the DMI but did not improve the nutrients’ digestibility or N metabolism. The results suggest that 50% of the [1]soybean meal can be replaced by sunflower meal, DDG, and DDGS without affecting the nutritional and metabolic parameters of Nellore cattle fed whole flint corn grain diets, providing opportunities for reducing costs in feedlot systems.\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":21921,"journal":{"name":"Semina: Ciências Agrárias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140430429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p239
U. P. Pereira, Francisco Eduardo Pereira Rocha, N. A. Ferrari, Leonardo Mantovani Favero, R. M. Mainardi, Mayza Brandão da Silva, A. Alfieri, P. Viadanna, Thomas Waltzek, A. M. Dall Agnol
Peacock bass (syn.: tucunaré, Cichla ocellaris) and the pearl cichlids (syn.: acará, Geophagus brasiliensis) are South American cichlids that are highly valued in both the ornamental and sport fish industries. Since 2017, a number of outbreaks of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) have been reported on Brazilian food and ornamental fish farms. In this study, we detected ISKNV in farmed peacock bass and pearl cichlid by PCR and sequence analysis of the partial major capsid protein (MCP) gene. Moribund peacock bass (n=10) and pearl cichlids (2) from a farm experiencing elevated mortality among juveniles and adults of these species, were submitted for bacteriological and molecular diagnostics. Spleen, liver, brain, and kidney tissues were cultured on 5% sheep blood agar and cystine heart agar with 1% glucose and bovine haemoglobin. No bacteria were isolated from the 12 fish. Additionally, DNA extracts from the liver and spleen of all animals were tested for ISKNV using two conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR) assays and two nested PCR (nPCR) assays. ISKNV DNA was amplified in all 12 fish DNA extracts tested, in two or more of the PCR assays. Selected ISKNV amplicons were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The nucleotide sequences derived from these animals were identical to ISKNV strains previously detected in food (e.g., tilapia and carp) and ornamental species, including strains previously detected in fish from Brazil. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of ISKNV in these native Brazilian cichlids.
{"title":"First report of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) in two native cichlids cultured in Brazil","authors":"U. P. Pereira, Francisco Eduardo Pereira Rocha, N. A. Ferrari, Leonardo Mantovani Favero, R. M. Mainardi, Mayza Brandão da Silva, A. Alfieri, P. Viadanna, Thomas Waltzek, A. M. Dall Agnol","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p239","url":null,"abstract":"Peacock bass (syn.: tucunaré, Cichla ocellaris) and the pearl cichlids (syn.: acará, Geophagus brasiliensis) are South American cichlids that are highly valued in both the ornamental and sport fish industries. Since 2017, a number of outbreaks of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) have been reported on Brazilian food and ornamental fish farms. In this study, we detected ISKNV in farmed peacock bass and pearl cichlid by PCR and sequence analysis of the partial major capsid protein (MCP) gene. Moribund peacock bass (n=10) and pearl cichlids (2) from a farm experiencing elevated mortality among juveniles and adults of these species, were submitted for bacteriological and molecular diagnostics. Spleen, liver, brain, and kidney tissues were cultured on 5% sheep blood agar and cystine heart agar with 1% glucose and bovine haemoglobin. No bacteria were isolated from the 12 fish. Additionally, DNA extracts from the liver and spleen of all animals were tested for ISKNV using two conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR) assays and two nested PCR (nPCR) assays. ISKNV DNA was amplified in all 12 fish DNA extracts tested, in two or more of the PCR assays. Selected ISKNV amplicons were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The nucleotide sequences derived from these animals were identical to ISKNV strains previously detected in food (e.g., tilapia and carp) and ornamental species, including strains previously detected in fish from Brazil. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of ISKNV in these native Brazilian cichlids.","PeriodicalId":21921,"journal":{"name":"Semina: Ciências Agrárias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p207
M. G. G. Torres, Kíscyla Oliveira de Andrade, Regina Lucia dos Santos Silva, A. Monte, Valéria da Silva Guimarães, Joãozito Liandro Oliveira Junior, Luanna Mendes Souza, Gabriela Silva dos Santos, Anna Thaylla Venceslau França, M. Matos
Os objetivos deste estudo foram verificar o efeito da rutina sobre a maturação in vitro (MIV) de oócitos provenientes de folículos secundários de ovelhas cultivados in vitro e analisar o possível envolvimento da via mTOR na MIV, sob influência da rutina. Os folículos secundários foram cultivados por 18 dias em meio α-Mínimo Essencial (α-MEM) suplementado com albumina sérica bovina (BSA), insulina, glutamina, hipoxantina, transferrina, selênio, ácido ascórbico e leptina (meio controle: α-MEM+). Em seguida, os folículos foram avaliados quanto à morfologia, formação do antro e diâmetro folicular e taxa de oócitos totalmente crescidos (≥110 µm). Oócitos totalmente crescidos foram submetidos à MIV em meio de cultivo de tecidos 199 (TCM199) suplementado com soro fetal bovino (FBS), hormônio luteinizante (LH), hormônio folículo estimulante recombinante (rFSH) (meio controle MIV) ou neste meio com 0,1, 1 ou 10 µg.mL-1 de rutina. Ao final da MIV, os oócitos foram avaliados quanto à atividade mitocondrial, concentração de espécies reativas de oxigênio (ERO) e glutationa (GSH), porcentagem de retomada de meiose, fragmentação de DNA e envolvimento da via mTOR. Após 18 dias de cultivo in vitro, 77,5% dos folículos estavam normais e 77,7% tornaram-se folículos antrais, com 380,41 µm de diâmetro. Além disso, 70% dos oócitos que cresceram in vitro atingiram diâmetro ≥110 µm e foram submetidos à MIV. A concentração de 10 µg.mL-1 de rutina aumentou significativamente a porcentagem de oócitos que retomaram a meiose (47,27%) em comparação ao meio controle (30,43%). Houve um aumento significativo nas concentrações de ROS e GSH em oócitos maturados com 0.1 µg.mL-1 de rutina em comparação com os outros tratamentos com rutina (p < 0,05). Além disso, a maturação de oócitos em TCM199+ aumentou (p<0,05) o percentual de fragmentação de DNA (30%) comparado ao tratamento com 10 µg.mL-1 de rutina (0%). Após MIV, ambos os tratamentos maturados na presença ou ausência de rapamicina apresentaram porcentagem semelhante de retomada meiótica (61,76% para TCM199 + 10 µg.mL-1 de rutina e 70,73% para TCM199 + 10 µg.mL-1 de rutina + rapamicina) (p>0,05). Em conclusão, a concentração de 10 µg.mL-1 de rutina aumentou a retomada da meiose e reduziu os danos ao DNA.
{"title":"Efeito da rutina sobre a maturação in vitro de oócitos de ovelhas obtidos de folículos pré-antrais cultivados in vitro","authors":"M. G. G. Torres, Kíscyla Oliveira de Andrade, Regina Lucia dos Santos Silva, A. Monte, Valéria da Silva Guimarães, Joãozito Liandro Oliveira Junior, Luanna Mendes Souza, Gabriela Silva dos Santos, Anna Thaylla Venceslau França, M. Matos","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p207","url":null,"abstract":" \u0000Os objetivos deste estudo foram verificar o efeito da rutina sobre a maturação in vitro (MIV) de oócitos provenientes de folículos secundários de ovelhas cultivados in vitro e analisar o possível envolvimento da via mTOR na MIV, sob influência da rutina. Os folículos secundários foram cultivados por 18 dias em meio α-Mínimo Essencial (α-MEM) suplementado com albumina sérica bovina (BSA), insulina, glutamina, hipoxantina, transferrina, selênio, ácido ascórbico e leptina (meio controle: α-MEM+). Em seguida, os folículos foram avaliados quanto à morfologia, formação do antro e diâmetro folicular e taxa de oócitos totalmente crescidos (≥110 µm). Oócitos totalmente crescidos foram submetidos à MIV em meio de cultivo de tecidos 199 (TCM199) suplementado com soro fetal bovino (FBS), hormônio luteinizante (LH), hormônio folículo estimulante recombinante (rFSH) (meio controle MIV) ou neste meio com 0,1, 1 ou 10 µg.mL-1 de rutina. Ao final da MIV, os oócitos foram avaliados quanto à atividade mitocondrial, concentração de espécies reativas de oxigênio (ERO) e glutationa (GSH), porcentagem de retomada de meiose, fragmentação de DNA e envolvimento da via mTOR. Após 18 dias de cultivo in vitro, 77,5% dos folículos estavam normais e 77,7% tornaram-se folículos antrais, com 380,41 µm de diâmetro. Além disso, 70% dos oócitos que cresceram in vitro atingiram diâmetro ≥110 µm e foram submetidos à MIV. A concentração de 10 µg.mL-1 de rutina aumentou significativamente a porcentagem de oócitos que retomaram a meiose (47,27%) em comparação ao meio controle (30,43%). Houve um aumento significativo nas concentrações de ROS e GSH em oócitos maturados com 0.1 µg.mL-1 de rutina em comparação com os outros tratamentos com rutina (p < 0,05). Além disso, a maturação de oócitos em TCM199+ aumentou (p<0,05) o percentual de fragmentação de DNA (30%) comparado ao tratamento com 10 µg.mL-1 de rutina (0%). Após MIV, ambos os tratamentos maturados na presença ou ausência de rapamicina apresentaram porcentagem semelhante de retomada meiótica (61,76% para TCM199 + 10 µg.mL-1 de rutina e 70,73% para TCM199 + 10 µg.mL-1 de rutina + rapamicina) (p>0,05). Em conclusão, a concentração de 10 µg.mL-1 de rutina aumentou a retomada da meiose e reduziu os danos ao DNA.","PeriodicalId":21921,"journal":{"name":"Semina: Ciências Agrárias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p227
Alana Maria Menezes Di Calaça, V. Couto, Leonardo Frederico N Souza, É. G. Moraes, T. P. Guimarães, Juliano José de Resende Fernandes
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between energy, protein, enzymatic metabolism, and residual feed intake (RFI) in purebred Nellore bulls. A total of 120 Nellore bulls, individually housed, underwent performance trials while being fed a high-concentrate diet. The study utilized data from the 10 most efficient, least efficient, and moderately efficient animals. Blood samples were collected via venipuncture for a complete blood count, and serum was analyzed for albumin, total protein, urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, gamma GT, AST, and alkaline phosphatase. The data were subjected to a completely randomized design with three treatments and 10 replicates, and treatment means were compared using the Tukey test. Pearson's linear correlation analysis was performed. The most efficient animals demonstrated a 27.62% reduction in feed intake compared to the least efficient ones. No significant differences were observed in the serum biochemistry between different RFI classes. Inefficient animals exhibited elevated mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), a red blood cell index, which correlated with RFI, gain-to-feed ratio, and dry matter intake (r = 0.46, 0.42, and -0.42, respectively). Hemoglobin concentration showed correlations with RFI and gain-to-feed ratio (r = 0.36, -0.41, respectively). These findings suggest potential variations in oxygen-carrying capacity. Red blood cell parameters could serve as biomarkers for identifying inefficient animals.
{"title":"Blood parameters as a possible indicator of feed efficiency in Nellore bulls","authors":"Alana Maria Menezes Di Calaça, V. Couto, Leonardo Frederico N Souza, É. G. Moraes, T. P. Guimarães, Juliano José de Resende Fernandes","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p227","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between energy, protein, enzymatic metabolism, and residual feed intake (RFI) in purebred Nellore bulls. A total of 120 Nellore bulls, individually housed, underwent performance trials while being fed a high-concentrate diet. The study utilized data from the 10 most efficient, least efficient, and moderately efficient animals. Blood samples were collected via venipuncture for a complete blood count, and serum was analyzed for albumin, total protein, urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, gamma GT, AST, and alkaline phosphatase. The data were subjected to a completely randomized design with three treatments and 10 replicates, and treatment means were compared using the Tukey test. Pearson's linear correlation analysis was performed. The most efficient animals demonstrated a 27.62% reduction in feed intake compared to the least efficient ones. No significant differences were observed in the serum biochemistry between different RFI classes. Inefficient animals exhibited elevated mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), a red blood cell index, which correlated with RFI, gain-to-feed ratio, and dry matter intake (r = 0.46, 0.42, and -0.42, respectively). Hemoglobin concentration showed correlations with RFI and gain-to-feed ratio (r = 0.36, -0.41, respectively). These findings suggest potential variations in oxygen-carrying capacity. Red blood cell parameters could serve as biomarkers for identifying inefficient animals.","PeriodicalId":21921,"journal":{"name":"Semina: Ciências Agrárias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p193
M. D. Paris, S. Stivanin, G. Heisler, I. D. V. Angelo, Arthur Fernandes Bettencourt, Cristiane Matté, C. Klein, M. B. Zanela, Vivian Fischer
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the separate provision of green and oregano tea extracts on the biomarkers of the redox state and health condition in pre-weaned Jersey calves from birth to 60 days of life. Two experiments following the complete randomized design with measures repeated in time were carried out using 38 Jersey calves (17 and 21 calves in experiments 1 and 2, respectively). Calves were distributed according to date of birth into one of three groups: control (CON) - with no addition of extracts; oregano extract (OE) - addition of 70 mg of oregano extract/kg of body weight (BW) and green tea extract (GT) - addition of 35 mg of green tea extract/kg of BW. Eight biomarkers of the redox state were evaluated on days 1, 30, and 60 after birth, and variables measured on day 1 were used as covariates. Body temperature and occurrence of diarrhea were evaluated every two days. Regarding the main results, the supply of oregano extract reduced the concentration of oxidizing biomarkers, such as DCFP (oxidation of dichlorofluorescein in plasma) and carbonyl, and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as GPx and catalase. Green tea extract only reduced DCFP and tended to improve catalase activity. Calves remained healthy (no fever and only a few days with diarrhea), and plant extracts did not improve their health condition. The addition of green tea and oregano extracts into the diet has a positive effect on redox status in pre-weaned Jersey calves.
{"title":"Plant extracts supplied to pre-weaned dairy calves influence their redox status","authors":"M. D. Paris, S. Stivanin, G. Heisler, I. D. V. Angelo, Arthur Fernandes Bettencourt, Cristiane Matté, C. Klein, M. B. Zanela, Vivian Fischer","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p193","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the separate provision of green and oregano tea extracts on the biomarkers of the redox state and health condition in pre-weaned Jersey calves from birth to 60 days of life. Two experiments following the complete randomized design with measures repeated in time were carried out using 38 Jersey calves (17 and 21 calves in experiments 1 and 2, respectively). Calves were distributed according to date of birth into one of three groups: control (CON) - with no addition of extracts; oregano extract (OE) - addition of 70 mg of oregano extract/kg of body weight (BW) and green tea extract (GT) - addition of 35 mg of green tea extract/kg of BW. Eight biomarkers of the redox state were evaluated on days 1, 30, and 60 after birth, and variables measured on day 1 were used as covariates. Body temperature and occurrence of diarrhea were evaluated every two days. Regarding the main results, the supply of oregano extract reduced the concentration of oxidizing biomarkers, such as DCFP (oxidation of dichlorofluorescein in plasma) and carbonyl, and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as GPx and catalase. Green tea extract only reduced DCFP and tended to improve catalase activity. Calves remained healthy (no fever and only a few days with diarrhea), and plant extracts did not improve their health condition. The addition of green tea and oregano extracts into the diet has a positive effect on redox status in pre-weaned Jersey calves.","PeriodicalId":21921,"journal":{"name":"Semina: Ciências Agrárias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140449510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p177
Fernando Luis Cemenci Gnoatto, Estela Dall'Agnol Gianezini, Tainá Minuzzo, T. Champion
O eletrocardiograma representa o registro gráfico das fases do ciclo cardíaco e é utilizado para o diagnóstico de arritmias ou distúrbios de condução. No entanto, a confiabilidade dos resultados pode ser influenciada pelo grau de experiência dos avaliadores. Devido à possibilidade de variação de resultados de um mesmo exame entre os ciclos cardíacos e entre analisadores de diferentes níveis de experiência, o estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a variabilidade interobservador e entre ciclos cardíacos durante a avaliação de exames eletrocardiográficos de cães. A pesquisa foi conduzida de forma retrospectiva na Superintendência Unidade Hospitalar Veterinária Universitária da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Campus Realeza – PR. Para a análise eletrocardiográfica foram selecionados aleatoriamente exames de 50 cães, gravados em arquivos computadorizados durante o período de setembro de 2018 a dezembro de 2019, independente da raça, sexo, idade e peso. Foram avaliados frequência e ritmo cardíaco, durações de onda P, complexo QRS, intervalo PR e intervalo QT, amplitudes de onda P, R e T, e eixo elétrico atrial e ventricular. Os dados foram analisados por teste de normalidade de Shapiro-Wilk, sendo os dados paramétricos analisados por análise de variância seguido por Teste de Tukey e os dados não paramétricos pelo Teste de Kruskal-Wallis, seguido pelo Teste de Dunn. Como última etapa, os dados foram submetidos ao Teste de Coeficiente de Concordância de Kappa. Evidenciou-se variabilidade na interpretação de ritmos cardíacos com discordância de avaliadores de nível baixo e intermediário, diferença da frequência cardíaca máxima do avaliador de baixo nível de experiência que subestimou os valores, obtendo mediana de 105, enquanto o de alto nível obteve mediana de 122 (p=0,0100). Ainda, evidenciou-se superestimação da duração da onda P pelos avaliadores de nível baixo e intermediário, que encontraram medianas de 52 e 51 respectivamente, enquanto o de alto nível obteve mediana de 48 (p=0,0064). Em relação a diferentes ciclos cardíacos, não houve diferenças entre a análise de apenas um ciclo em relação a três ciclos ou a média de três ciclos. Por meio do estudo foi possível evidenciar a variabilidade na interpretação entre avaliadores com diferentes níveis de experiência, em relação a duração da onda P, em que os avaliadores superestimaram os valores e em relação aos graus de concordância que não representaram os níveis de experiência dos avaliadores na análise do todas as variáveis, ressaltando a importância do treinamento e rotina de exames eletrocardiográficos para evitar interpretações e análises equivocadas.
心电图是心动周期各阶段的图形记录，用于诊断心律失常或传导障碍。然而，结果的可靠性会受到评估人员经验水平的影响。由于同一测试结果在不同心动周期和不同经验水平的分析师之间可能存在差异，因此本研究旨在评估狗心电图测试评估过程中观察者之间的变异性和不同心动周期之间的变异性。研究在南部边疆联邦大学 Realeza 校区大学兽医院部以回顾性方式进行。为了进行心电图分析，在2018年9月至2019年12月期间，随机选取了50只狗进行检查，并记录在电脑档案中，不分品种、性别、年龄和体重。对心率和心律、P 波持续时间、QRS 波群、PR 间期和 QT 间期、P 波、R 波和 T 波振幅以及心房和心室电轴进行了评估。数据采用 Shapiro-Wilk 正态性检验进行分析，参数数据采用方差分析，然后进行 Tukey 检验，非参数数据采用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验，然后进行 Dunn 检验。最后，对数据进行卡帕一致性系数检验。低级和中级评估员对心律的解释存在差异，存在分歧，低级评估员低估了最大心率值，得出的中位数为 105，而高级评估员得出的中位数为 122（P=0.0100）。低级和中级评估员也高估了 P 波持续时间，他们得出的中位数分别为 52 和 51，而高级评估员得出的中位数为 48（P=0.0064）。关于不同的心动周期，只分析一个周期与分析三个周期或三个周期的平均值之间没有差异。该研究强调了具有不同经验水平的评估员之间在 P 波持续时间方面的解释差异，评估员高估了 P 波持续时间的数值，以及在一致程度方面的差异，而一致程度并不代表评估员分析所有变量的经验水平，这突出了培训和常规心电图检查对避免误读和误分析的重要性。
{"title":"Variabilidade interobservador e entre ciclos cardíacos na avaliação eletrocardiográfica de cães","authors":"Fernando Luis Cemenci Gnoatto, Estela Dall'Agnol Gianezini, Tainá Minuzzo, T. Champion","doi":"10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p177","url":null,"abstract":"O eletrocardiograma representa o registro gráfico das fases do ciclo cardíaco e é utilizado para o diagnóstico de arritmias ou distúrbios de condução. No entanto, a confiabilidade dos resultados pode ser influenciada pelo grau de experiência dos avaliadores. Devido à possibilidade de variação de resultados de um mesmo exame entre os ciclos cardíacos e entre analisadores de diferentes níveis de experiência, o estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a variabilidade interobservador e entre ciclos cardíacos durante a avaliação de exames eletrocardiográficos de cães. A pesquisa foi conduzida de forma retrospectiva na Superintendência Unidade Hospitalar Veterinária Universitária da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Campus Realeza – PR. Para a análise eletrocardiográfica foram selecionados aleatoriamente exames de 50 cães, gravados em arquivos computadorizados durante o período de setembro de 2018 a dezembro de 2019, independente da raça, sexo, idade e peso. Foram avaliados frequência e ritmo cardíaco, durações de onda P, complexo QRS, intervalo PR e intervalo QT, amplitudes de onda P, R e T, e eixo elétrico atrial e ventricular. Os dados foram analisados por teste de normalidade de Shapiro-Wilk, sendo os dados paramétricos analisados por análise de variância seguido por Teste de Tukey e os dados não paramétricos pelo Teste de Kruskal-Wallis, seguido pelo Teste de Dunn. Como última etapa, os dados foram submetidos ao Teste de Coeficiente de Concordância de Kappa. Evidenciou-se variabilidade na interpretação de ritmos cardíacos com discordância de avaliadores de nível baixo e intermediário, diferença da frequência cardíaca máxima do avaliador de baixo nível de experiência que subestimou os valores, obtendo mediana de 105, enquanto o de alto nível obteve mediana de 122 (p=0,0100). Ainda, evidenciou-se superestimação da duração da onda P pelos avaliadores de nível baixo e intermediário, que encontraram medianas de 52 e 51 respectivamente, enquanto o de alto nível obteve mediana de 48 (p=0,0064). Em relação a diferentes ciclos cardíacos, não houve diferenças entre a análise de apenas um ciclo em relação a três ciclos ou a média de três ciclos. Por meio do estudo foi possível evidenciar a variabilidade na interpretação entre avaliadores com diferentes níveis de experiência, em relação a duração da onda P, em que os avaliadores superestimaram os valores e em relação aos graus de concordância que não representaram os níveis de experiência dos avaliadores na análise do todas as variáveis, ressaltando a importância do treinamento e rotina de exames eletrocardiográficos para evitar interpretações e análises equivocadas.","PeriodicalId":21921,"journal":{"name":"Semina: Ciências Agrárias","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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