Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v70i2.8309
T. A. Oliveira, Virginia Janeísa Castro Mendes, Luciana T. D. Cappelini, J. V. Alberice, M. M. Morais, Mayara Faleiros-Quevedo, T. Francoy, L. G. R. Diniz, Ozelito Possidonio Amarante Junior, E. M. Vieira, T. Franco
Honey from the Apis mellifera bee (Hymenoptera, Apidae) is one of the most consumed beehive products in the world, mainly due to its nutritional and therapeutic value. In poorer regions, its commercialization can be an essential source of income for families and communities. However, the quality of honey can change both during harvesting and processing, as well as by climatic conditionsand the type of vegetation. Therefore, implementing good production practices, with quality control in collection and processing, can add value to this product, promoting the development of the region in which it is produced. Thus, the objectives of this work were to characterize the honey of Africanized honeybees produced in the Eastern Amazon region in the cities of Nova Olinda do Maranhão(NO), Santa Luzia do Paruá (SL) and verify its correlation with a commercial honey sample (CH) – from São Luiz-MA. The physicochemical properties (color, moisture, solids insoluble in water, minerals, and ash, hydroxymethylfurfural, acidity, anddiastatic activity) were analyzed according to the methods of CODEX Alimentarius and the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, and these data were evaluated by the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed that commercial honey presented higher levels of insoluble solids, HMF, minerals, and ash than samples from NO and SL. Variables that differentiated NO and SL honey were HMF, moisture, and diastase index. Although the samples have different characteristics, the data comply with Brazilian legislation, which can strengthen the development of apiculture in the region.
蜜蜂的蜂蜜(膜翅目，蜜蜂科)是世界上消费最多的蜂巢产品之一，主要是因为它的营养和治疗价值。在较贫穷地区，其商业化可成为家庭和社区的重要收入来源。然而，蜂蜜的质量会在收获和加工过程中发生变化，也会受到气候条件和植被类型的影响。因此，实施良好的生产规范，在收集和加工过程中进行质量控制，可以增加这种产品的价值，促进生产该产品的地区的发展。因此，这项工作的目的是表征在东亚马逊地区Nova Olinda do maranh (NO)， Santa Luzia do paru (SL)等城市生产的非洲化蜜蜂的蜂蜜，并验证其与来自 o Luiz-MA的商业蜂蜜样本(CH) -的相关性。理化性质(颜色、水分、不溶于水的固体、矿物质和灰分、羟甲基糠醛、酸度和脂散活性)根据食品法典和官方分析化学家协会的方法进行分析，并采用主成分分析(PCA)对这些数据进行评价。结果表明，商品蜂蜜的不溶性固形物、HMF、矿物质和灰分含量高于NO和SL样品。区分NO和SL蜂蜜的变量是HMF、水分和淀粉酶指数。虽然样本具有不同的特征，但数据符合巴西立法，可以加强该地区养蜂业的发展。
{"title":"Physico-Chemical Properties of Brazilian Eastern Amazon Honey Assessed by Multivariate Principal Components Analysis","authors":"T. A. Oliveira, Virginia Janeísa Castro Mendes, Luciana T. D. Cappelini, J. V. Alberice, M. M. Morais, Mayara Faleiros-Quevedo, T. Francoy, L. G. R. Diniz, Ozelito Possidonio Amarante Junior, E. M. Vieira, T. Franco","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v70i2.8309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v70i2.8309","url":null,"abstract":"Honey from the Apis mellifera bee (Hymenoptera, Apidae) is one of the most consumed beehive products in the world, mainly due to its nutritional and therapeutic value. In poorer regions, its commercialization can be an essential source of income for families and communities. However, the quality of honey can change both during harvesting and processing, as well as by climatic conditionsand the type of vegetation. Therefore, implementing good production practices, with quality control in collection and processing, can add value to this product, promoting the development of the region in which it is produced. Thus, the objectives of this work were to characterize the honey of Africanized honeybees produced in the Eastern Amazon region in the cities of Nova Olinda do Maranhão(NO), Santa Luzia do Paruá (SL) and verify its correlation with a commercial honey sample (CH) – from São Luiz-MA. The physicochemical properties (color, moisture, solids insoluble in water, minerals, and ash, hydroxymethylfurfural, acidity, anddiastatic activity) were analyzed according to the methods of CODEX Alimentarius and the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, and these data were evaluated by the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed that commercial honey presented higher levels of insoluble solids, HMF, minerals, and ash than samples from NO and SL. Variables that differentiated NO and SL honey were HMF, moisture, and diastase index. Although the samples have different characteristics, the data comply with Brazilian legislation, which can strengthen the development of apiculture in the region.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47798807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v70i2.8374
G. N. Doering, M. Prebus
The ant genus Formicoxenus is notable for the fact that all its species are xenobiotic and live inside or in close association with the nests of other ant species. Here, we report the occurrence of a colony of Formicoxenus quebecensis and its host, Myrmica alaskensis from the eastern side of the Door peninsula in Wisconsin. Both species are new records for the state, and F. quebecensis was previously known only from boreal habitats much farther north in Canada. We also provide some observations on this colony’s nest demography, morphology, and feeding behavior and discuss the ant community of this biogeographically interesting location.
{"title":"Southern Record of the Xenobiotic Ant Formicoxenus quebecensis from Eastern Wisconsin","authors":"G. N. Doering, M. Prebus","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v70i2.8374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v70i2.8374","url":null,"abstract":"The ant genus Formicoxenus is notable for the fact that all its species are xenobiotic and live inside or in close association with the nests of other ant species. Here, we report the occurrence of a colony of Formicoxenus quebecensis and its host, Myrmica alaskensis from the eastern side of the Door peninsula in Wisconsin. Both species are new records for the state, and F. quebecensis was previously known only from boreal habitats much farther north in Canada. We also provide some observations on this colony’s nest demography, morphology, and feeding behavior and discuss the ant community of this biogeographically interesting location.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48923660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-05DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v70i2.8544
Dibyajyoti Ghosh, Shelley Acharya, K. A. Subramanian
Mites have long been associated with bees, often showing a close relationship with particular taxa, probably due to a co-evolutionary process. The present study is the first confirmation on the occurrence of the mite species Calvolia summersi (Mostafa, 1970) in India and its association with Xylocopa fenestrata (Fabricius, 1798), a large carpenter bee species. The mite species was previously reported from Brazil in association with Zethus, a neotropical potter wasp genus. C. summersi is isolated and studied from different populations of X. fenestrata in Sagar Islands, West Bengal, the biggest island of mangrove Sundarban deltaic complex. A literature-based review of the Xylocopa-mite associations from India is provided herewith to understand the diversity and pattern of mite species on Xylocopa host selection in the country. Instigating a baseline study of Xylocopa-mite association is recommended to demark the status of dynamism for better conservation and protection.
{"title":"The First Record of Calvolia summersi (Mostafa, 1970) (Acari: Winterschmidtiidae) from the Oriental Region and a new record of host association with Xylocopa (Ctenoxylocopa) fenestrata (Fabricius, 1798) with a review on Xylocopa-mite associations in India","authors":"Dibyajyoti Ghosh, Shelley Acharya, K. A. Subramanian","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v70i2.8544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v70i2.8544","url":null,"abstract":"Mites have long been associated with bees, often showing a close relationship with particular taxa, probably due to a co-evolutionary process. The present study is the first confirmation on the occurrence of the mite species Calvolia summersi (Mostafa, 1970) in India and its association with Xylocopa fenestrata (Fabricius, 1798), a large carpenter bee species. The mite species was previously reported from Brazil in association with Zethus, a neotropical potter wasp genus. C. summersi is isolated and studied from different populations of X. fenestrata in Sagar Islands, West Bengal, the biggest island of mangrove Sundarban deltaic complex. A literature-based review of the Xylocopa-mite associations from India is provided herewith to understand the diversity and pattern of mite species on Xylocopa host selection in the country. Instigating a baseline study of Xylocopa-mite association is recommended to demark the status of dynamism for better conservation and protection.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48050102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-05DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v70i2.8678
R. Catania
The African species Xylocopa pubescens Spinola (Hymenoptera, Apidae) has recently stabilized in some European countries such as Cyprus, Greece, and Spain. Wood transportation and climate change are the main hypotheses for the spread of this non-native bee in Europe. I present the first record in the literature from Santorini and the Aegean Archipelago, confirming the Citizen Science data from different websites. The presence and the spread of this species in Europe are discussed.
{"title":"The Recent Spread of the Carpenter Bee Xylocopa pubescens (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in Europe, and First Record for the Aegean Archipelago","authors":"R. Catania","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v70i2.8678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v70i2.8678","url":null,"abstract":"The African species Xylocopa pubescens Spinola (Hymenoptera, Apidae) has recently stabilized in some European countries such as Cyprus, Greece, and Spain. Wood transportation and climate change are the main hypotheses for the spread of this non-native bee in Europe. I present the first record in the literature from Santorini and the Aegean Archipelago, confirming the Citizen Science data from different websites. The presence and the spread of this species in Europe are discussed.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44043251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v70i1.8778
Catarina Correia, R. Pérez-Maluf, M. Costa
Nannotrigona testaceicornis (Lepeletier, 1836) is a stingless bee with wide distribution in the Brazilian territory. Despite its importance in meliponiculture and pollination, there are still few behavioral studies related to the species. The aim of this work was to characterize the recognition and defense behaviors in intraspecific bioassays carried out in N. testaceicornis colonies. Intra and inter-colonial bioassays were carried out with six colonies from different locations. The number of occurrences of each behavioral act, latency measures, and duration of confrontations were quantified. An ethogram with eight behavioral acts and two categories was elaborated. The acceptance rate was significantly higher in intra-colonial confrontations and the rejection rate was higher in inter-colonial confrontations. The rejection process was significantly higher than the acceptance process, which may be related to the specific behavioral repertoire of each process. Results indicate that the presence of an intraspecific intruder triggers an aggressive response from guards positioned in the colony access tube.
{"title":"Recognition and Defensive Behavior of Nannotrigona testaceicornis Workers (Lepeletier, 1836) (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in Intra and Inter-colonial Bioassays","authors":"Catarina Correia, R. Pérez-Maluf, M. Costa","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v70i1.8778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v70i1.8778","url":null,"abstract":"Nannotrigona testaceicornis (Lepeletier, 1836) is a stingless bee with wide distribution in the Brazilian territory. Despite its importance in meliponiculture and pollination, there are still few behavioral studies related to the species. The aim of this work was to characterize the recognition and defense behaviors in intraspecific bioassays carried out in N. testaceicornis colonies. Intra and inter-colonial bioassays were carried out with six colonies from different locations. The number of occurrences of each behavioral act, latency measures, and duration of confrontations were quantified. An ethogram with eight behavioral acts and two categories was elaborated. The acceptance rate was significantly higher in intra-colonial confrontations and the rejection rate was higher in inter-colonial confrontations. The rejection process was significantly higher than the acceptance process, which may be related to the specific behavioral repertoire of each process. Results indicate that the presence of an intraspecific intruder triggers an aggressive response from guards positioned in the colony access tube.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42969716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v70i1.7657
T. F. D. Santos, Vanessa Pontes Mesquita, J. Araújo, F. Baccaro
The process of human-induced forest fragmentation increases the degree of isolation and causes biodiversity loss. Abrupt changes occur mainly near the edge of the fragment, where the average temperature is relatively higher and the humidity is lower. However, some natural environmental characteristics, such as higher air moisture in riparian areas, may buffer or minimize the edge effects. Here, we studied how the edge effect may affect ant species diversity and functional composition on valleys dissected by small streams (mesic areas). We categorized ant assemblages into the functional groups based on foraging, nesting habits, natural history information, and phylogeny. Ants were sampled using pitfalls and the Winkler extractor in ten riparian plots in a fragment of the Central Amazon. We individually fit the ant species richness, occurrence, and composition against two edge measures: forest edge distance and road-building distance. We recorded 99 species/morphospecies. Forest edge distance and road-building distance did not influence the occurrence and number of ant species per plot but were related to ant species composition. Moreover, there was not a clear pattern between functional groups distribution, except by leaf-cutters and generalist omnivorous species. Our results suggest a limited effect of forest edge distance and road-building distance on ant diversity
{"title":"Edge effects on ant diversity and functional composition in a forest fragment in the Central Amazon","authors":"T. F. D. Santos, Vanessa Pontes Mesquita, J. Araújo, F. Baccaro","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v70i1.7657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v70i1.7657","url":null,"abstract":"The process of human-induced forest fragmentation increases the degree of isolation and causes biodiversity loss. Abrupt changes occur mainly near the edge of the fragment, where the average temperature is relatively higher and the humidity is lower. However, some natural environmental characteristics, such as higher air moisture in riparian areas, may buffer or minimize the edge effects. Here, we studied how the edge effect may affect ant species diversity and functional composition on valleys dissected by small streams (mesic areas). We categorized ant assemblages into the functional groups based on foraging, nesting habits, natural history information, and phylogeny. Ants were sampled using pitfalls and the Winkler extractor in ten riparian plots in a fragment of the Central Amazon. We individually fit the ant species richness, occurrence, and composition against two edge measures: forest edge distance and road-building distance. We recorded 99 species/morphospecies. Forest edge distance and road-building distance did not influence the occurrence and number of ant species per plot but were related to ant species composition. Moreover, there was not a clear pattern between functional groups distribution, except by leaf-cutters and generalist omnivorous species. Our results suggest a limited effect of forest edge distance and road-building distance on ant diversity","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46725362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v70i1.8547
E. Schifani, Antonio Alicata
Among ants, plesiobiotic associations are defined as occasional or regular nesting of heterospecific colonies in close proximity and without any biological interdependence. Habitats with a scarcity of available nesting microhabitats and ecological dissimilarity between the involved species are supposed to favor the frequency of plesiobiosis. In the last review published on this topic, the authors summarized all the plesiobiotic species pairs reported in the literature for the Holarctic region, listing 48 species pairs. On the basis of our field investigation in the Mediterranean island of Sicily (Italy), we are able to report additional 81 plesiobiotic ant-ant species pairs, two associations of three ant species, and four ant-termite pair associations. We suggest plesiobiosis to be severely underreported rather than rare, at least in the Mediterranean region.
{"title":"Plesiobiotic Associations Between Ants: A Common Yet Underreported Phenomenon in the Mediterranean Region?","authors":"E. Schifani, Antonio Alicata","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v70i1.8547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v70i1.8547","url":null,"abstract":"Among ants, plesiobiotic associations are defined as occasional or regular nesting of heterospecific colonies in close proximity and without any biological interdependence. Habitats with a scarcity of available nesting microhabitats and ecological dissimilarity between the involved species are supposed to favor the frequency of plesiobiosis. In the last review published on this topic, the authors summarized all the plesiobiotic species pairs reported in the literature for the Holarctic region, listing 48 species pairs. On the basis of our field investigation in the Mediterranean island of Sicily (Italy), we are able to report additional 81 plesiobiotic ant-ant species pairs, two associations of three ant species, and four ant-termite pair associations. We suggest plesiobiosis to be severely underreported rather than rare, at least in the Mediterranean region.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45466042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v70i1.8541
A. Somavilla, T. Mahlmann, B. C. Barbosa, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, J. A. Rafael
We studied the seasonality and made notes about the nesting habits of the endemic social wasp Polistes ridleyi Kirby, 1890 of the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago. We collected 427 adult paper wasp P. ridleyi specimens for nine months using Malaise interception traps. The highest abundance of wasps was observed in October, November, and December, a fact most likely explained by the lowest precipitation levels on the island. We recorded 38 P. ridleyi nests. However, most of them were collected in a single Cynophalla flexuosa (L.) plant. This agglomeration may suggest multi-combs behavior, as reported for another species of Polistes spp.
我们研究了Fernando de Noronha群岛1890年特有的群居黄蜂Polites ridleyi Kirby的季节性，并记录了它们的筑巢习惯。我们使用Malaise拦截陷阱收集了427只成年纸黄蜂P.ridleyi标本，为期9个月。10月、11月和12月观察到黄蜂数量最高，这一事实很可能是由岛上最低的降水水平解释的。我们记录了38个里德扁蝶巢穴。然而，它们中的大多数都是在一个单一的Cynophalla flexuosa（L.）植物中收集的。这种团聚可能表明了多梳行为，正如另一种Polites spp.所报道的那样。
{"title":"Seasonality and nesting habits of the endemic social wasp Polistes ridleyi Kirby, 1890 in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Northeast Brazil","authors":"A. Somavilla, T. Mahlmann, B. C. Barbosa, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, J. A. Rafael","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v70i1.8541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v70i1.8541","url":null,"abstract":"We studied the seasonality and made notes about the nesting habits of the endemic social wasp Polistes ridleyi Kirby, 1890 of the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago. We collected 427 adult paper wasp P. ridleyi specimens for nine months using Malaise interception traps. The highest abundance of wasps was observed in October, November, and December, a fact most likely explained by the lowest precipitation levels on the island. We recorded 38 P. ridleyi nests. However, most of them were collected in a single Cynophalla flexuosa (L.) plant. This agglomeration may suggest multi-combs behavior, as reported for another species of Polistes spp.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43909254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v70i1.9085
Cândida Anitta Pereira Rodrigues, Jean Carlos dos Santos Lima, Rony Peterson Santos Almeida, Francieli Carlos de Oliveira, W. Antonialli-Júnior
The foraging activity can be defined as the search for food resources and is an activity of utmost importance for ant colony maintenance. Workers can be exposed to adverse environmental conditions during foraging, and because of it, some species can adjust their foraging behavior to achieve greater success in the search for resources. The foraging behavior has been studied in other ant species; however, studies with the Cephalotini tribe are still scarce in the literature. In this study, we evaluated how Cephalotes borgmeieri (Kempf) foragers adjust their foraging activity to variations in abiotic factors. Throughout the day, the flow of foragers is positively influenced by temperature and luminosity and negatively affected by relative air humidity. Wind speed does not affect the flow of foragers. During the day, we can observe four groups of activity intensity: very low, low, medium, and high. The foraging peak occurs at the hottest and least humid times of the day
{"title":"Influence of abiotic factors on the foraging activity of Cephalotes borgmeieri (Kempf, 1951)","authors":"Cândida Anitta Pereira Rodrigues, Jean Carlos dos Santos Lima, Rony Peterson Santos Almeida, Francieli Carlos de Oliveira, W. Antonialli-Júnior","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v70i1.9085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v70i1.9085","url":null,"abstract":"The foraging activity can be defined as the search for food resources and is an activity of utmost importance for ant colony maintenance. Workers can be exposed to adverse environmental conditions during foraging, and because of it, some species can adjust their foraging behavior to achieve greater success in the search for resources. The foraging behavior has been studied in other ant species; however, studies with the Cephalotini tribe are still scarce in the literature. In this study, we evaluated how Cephalotes borgmeieri (Kempf) foragers adjust their foraging activity to variations in abiotic factors. Throughout the day, the flow of foragers is positively influenced by temperature and luminosity and negatively affected by relative air humidity. Wind speed does not affect the flow of foragers. During the day, we can observe four groups of activity intensity: very low, low, medium, and high. The foraging peak occurs at the hottest and least humid times of the day","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42578821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v69i4.7894
M. R. Menezes, B. F. S. Laviski, Adriano P. L. Dos Santos, Eder C. B. De França, Mariane S. Moreira, Ricardino Conceição-Neto, J. M. Queiroz
The Hymnoptera order includes several flower-visiting insects (e.g. ants, bees, and wasps) and the coexistence of many different species in the same community can generate interspecific competition. Notwithstanding shared communities, research which evaluates how these taxonomic groups influence a whole community of flower-visiting Hymenoptera is lacking. Moreover, abiotic factors can also impact these floral visits, because each organism responds differently to climatic variations. The goal of this study is to evaluate abiotic factors, specifically relative air humidity and air temperature, which may be able to impact the number and the frequency of interactions between hymenopterans and flowers and to assess the composition and niche organization, by making use of interaction networks, of the entire community of flower-visiting Hymenoptera at the botanical garden of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. For the duration of a year, we took samples in that botanical garden, compartmentalizing the collections temporally in accordance with the time of the insects’ shift (morning or afternoon). We observed a positive influence of air temperature on the number of ant interactions and visits. It is also possible to observe that most of these interaction networks exhibited a nested and non-modular pattern and an average level of network specialization. In addition, bees stood out as the species with the highest frequency of visits and with the most generalist behavior. This study demonstrates how a botanical garden can sustain a diverse community of floral visiting Hymenoptera in an urban environment and why it consists in an important tool for biodiversity conservation.
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