Pub Date : 2022-07-05DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7422
Josieia Teixeira dos Santos, Emanuelle Luiz Da Silva Brito, Gilberto Marcos De Mendonça Santos
The study of foraging dynamics is essential to understanding the way organisms arrange themselves to reduce the effects of competition in the most diverse natural systems. The analysis of temporal foraging patterns is an important tool for understanding how ant communities respond to different environmental conditions. Thus, to verify how complexity of the vegetation and abiotic factors can influence ground-dwelling ants communities, we evaluated the foraging temporal patterns in three types of landscapes (Grassland, Arboreal Caatinga, Shrub Caatinga) in an área of dry seasonal rainforest. These environments were characterized by abundance of plant life forms. The ants were collected by pitfall trap, arranged in six rows each with five traps. The pitfalls were inspected every hour from 7:00 am to 6:00 pm, and temperature and humidity data were taken at the same time. The foraging structure of ant communities presented a nested pattern between the phytophysiognomies, but with variation in the observed metric values. For less complex environments, foraging activity was restricted to preferential times, demonstrating a temporal niche partition. Despite more complex environments have a greater richness of species foraging throughout the day, we found greater diversity in environment with intermediate complexity. Temperature influences the richness of foraging ants throughout the day, but we found no effect on diversity. Our results indicate that, although temperature may influence the temporal dynamics of ground-dwelling ant communities, changes in the structural complexity of the environment affect the foraging activity among species, influencing ant-mediated ecological processes.
{"title":"role of vegetation structure and abiotic factors affecting the temporal dynamics of ant foraging","authors":"Josieia Teixeira dos Santos, Emanuelle Luiz Da Silva Brito, Gilberto Marcos De Mendonça Santos","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7422","url":null,"abstract":"The study of foraging dynamics is essential to understanding the way organisms arrange themselves to reduce the effects of competition in the most diverse natural systems. The analysis of temporal foraging patterns is an important tool for understanding how ant communities respond to different environmental conditions. Thus, to verify how complexity of the vegetation and abiotic factors can influence ground-dwelling ants communities, we evaluated the foraging temporal patterns in three types of landscapes (Grassland, Arboreal Caatinga, Shrub Caatinga) in an área of dry seasonal rainforest. These environments were characterized by abundance of plant life forms. The ants were collected by pitfall trap, arranged in six rows each with five traps. The pitfalls were inspected every hour from 7:00 am to 6:00 pm, and temperature and humidity data were taken at the same time. The foraging structure of ant communities presented a nested pattern between the phytophysiognomies, but with variation in the observed metric values. For less complex environments, foraging activity was restricted to preferential times, demonstrating a temporal niche partition. Despite more complex environments have a greater richness of species foraging throughout the day, we found greater diversity in environment with intermediate complexity. Temperature influences the richness of foraging ants throughout the day, but we found no effect on diversity. Our results indicate that, although temperature may influence the temporal dynamics of ground-dwelling ant communities, changes in the structural complexity of the environment affect the foraging activity among species, influencing ant-mediated ecological processes.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43933632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7883
Marcos Magalhães de Souza, Lidiane Augusta Junqueira, G. C. Jacques, G. Teófilo-Guedes, José Cola Zanuncio
Ants prey on social wasps affecting the evolution of nest architecture, defense behaviors, and selection of nesting sites of these insects. The importance of social wasps in natural and agricultural ecosystems, especially in biological control, justifies studies on predation of these insects by ants. The objective of this work is to report the colony predation of the social wasp Agelaia vicina (de Saussure, 1854) and the nest occupation of Parachartergus pseudapicalis Willinck, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) by the ant Camponotus renggeri Emery, 1894 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Atlantic Forest biome. The records occurred in 2015 and 2018 in southern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. This is the first record of C. renggeri preying on and occupying social wasp nests. This relationship between social wasps and ants constitutes an adaptation for the survival of these latter insects, and the limited number of records increases the need for research on the relevance of this phenomenon to the ecology of Atlantic Forest Hymenoptera.
{"title":"Camponotus renggeri (Formicidae) predated Agelaia vicina (Vespidae) nest and occupied Parachartergus pseudapicalis (Vespidae) nest","authors":"Marcos Magalhães de Souza, Lidiane Augusta Junqueira, G. C. Jacques, G. Teófilo-Guedes, José Cola Zanuncio","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7883","url":null,"abstract":"Ants prey on social wasps affecting the evolution of nest architecture, defense behaviors, and selection of nesting sites of these insects. The importance of social wasps in natural and agricultural ecosystems, especially in biological control, justifies studies on predation of these insects by ants. The objective of this work is to report the colony predation of the social wasp Agelaia vicina (de Saussure, 1854) and the nest occupation of Parachartergus pseudapicalis Willinck, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) by the ant Camponotus renggeri Emery, 1894 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Atlantic Forest biome. The records occurred in 2015 and 2018 in southern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. This is the first record of C. renggeri preying on and occupying social wasp nests. This relationship between social wasps and ants constitutes an adaptation for the survival of these latter insects, and the limited number of records increases the need for research on the relevance of this phenomenon to the ecology of Atlantic Forest Hymenoptera.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49559339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7746
Khalid A. E. Eisawi, I. Subedi, C. Yodé, H. He
Organic farming is becoming more popular as there is a greater demand for pesticide-free food. Pest control in organic agricultural production requires a set of skills, including the identification of effective predators and land-use practices. Predation by selected Coleopteran, Dipteran, and Hemipteran insects and Araneae is well established, whereas the predatory role of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) has received little attention in the Rashad district, Sudan. This study was carried out to assess the predation rates of Belenois solilucis eggs and the impact of the land use type around the properties on these rates. An experimente involving predation tests on Belenois solilucis eggs and fauna sampling were conducted in 18 areas of organic agriculture in the Rashad district. The study showed that ants can reduce the eggs population by 26.8% per day. At the same time, other predator taxa, primarily Coleoptera, from Coccinellidae and Staphylinidae families, removed only 13% of the eggs. Ant species with the most significant recruiting power were Axinidris acholli, Tapinoma carininotum, and Technomyrmex moerens. Ant genera such as Linepithema, Dorymyrmex, and Camponotus ants were also frequently observed. The proportion of the planted area within a 500-meter radius, in addition to the interaction of other landscape categories, had a minor influence on predation, but only when the predators were not ants. The landscape does not affect predation by predators in general, including ants, or on ant predation in particular.
{"title":"Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) increase predation of Belenois solilucis (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) eggs in organic agriculture production systems: a multiple-site field study at Rashad, Sudan","authors":"Khalid A. E. Eisawi, I. Subedi, C. Yodé, H. He","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7746","url":null,"abstract":"Organic farming is becoming more popular as there is a greater demand for pesticide-free food. Pest control in organic agricultural production requires a set of skills, including the identification of effective predators and land-use practices. Predation by selected Coleopteran, Dipteran, and Hemipteran insects and Araneae is well established, whereas the predatory role of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) has received little attention in the Rashad district, Sudan. This study was carried out to assess the predation rates of Belenois solilucis eggs and the impact of the land use type around the properties on these rates. An experimente involving predation tests on Belenois solilucis eggs and fauna sampling were conducted in 18 areas of organic agriculture in the Rashad district. The study showed that ants can reduce the eggs population by 26.8% per day. At the same time, other predator taxa, primarily Coleoptera, from Coccinellidae and Staphylinidae families, removed only 13% of the eggs. Ant species with the most significant recruiting power were Axinidris acholli, Tapinoma carininotum, and Technomyrmex moerens. Ant genera such as Linepithema, Dorymyrmex, and Camponotus ants were also frequently observed. The proportion of the planted area within a 500-meter radius, in addition to the interaction of other landscape categories, had a minor influence on predation, but only when the predators were not ants. The landscape does not affect predation by predators in general, including ants, or on ant predation in particular.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44114203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7691
Paola Aparecida Moura, Gabriel de Castro Jacques, Gabriel Silva Teofilo-Guedes, Marcos Magalhães de Souza
Social wasps use different substrates for nesting, such as plants, rocks, and human buildings, and may adopt different strategies to protect their colony and brood. Here, we report the nesting behavior of Polistes versicolor in the deciduous forest, Northern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The occurrences were recorded during fieldwork from February to December 2021. We found 30 colonies in eight plant species. The statistics demonstrate a preference of this social wasp for the plant Cereus jamacaru Cactaceae, which is used for nestings over a large area. Also, we report the first known record of P. versicolor colonies on the Acacia plumosa, Commiphora leptophloeos, Quiabentia zehntneri, and Ziziphus joazeiro, all of them with thorns. From the preference of P. versicolor for plants with thorns, we conclude this study to reinforce the role of these vegetal structures in protecting the colonies.
{"title":"Polistes versicolor (Olivier, 1791) nesting in deciduous forest, Northern Minas Gerais State, Brazil (Vespidae, Polistinae)","authors":"Paola Aparecida Moura, Gabriel de Castro Jacques, Gabriel Silva Teofilo-Guedes, Marcos Magalhães de Souza","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7691","url":null,"abstract":"Social wasps use different substrates for nesting, such as plants, rocks, and human buildings, and may adopt different strategies to protect their colony and brood. Here, we report the nesting behavior of Polistes versicolor in the deciduous forest, Northern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The occurrences were recorded during fieldwork from February to December 2021. We found 30 colonies in eight plant species. The statistics demonstrate a preference of this social wasp for the plant Cereus jamacaru Cactaceae, which is used for nestings over a large area. Also, we report the first known record of P. versicolor colonies on the Acacia plumosa, Commiphora leptophloeos, Quiabentia zehntneri, and Ziziphus joazeiro, all of them with thorns. From the preference of P. versicolor for plants with thorns, we conclude this study to reinforce the role of these vegetal structures in protecting the colonies.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43105601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-24DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.5459
W. P. Silva, Rogério Rodrigues De Andrade
Bee males are sometimes found forming sleeping aggregations on stems of bushes or trees to sleep at night, but there is no complete understanding of the reasons for this behaviour. This note describes the behavior of Melissodes (Ecplectica) nigroaenea (Smith, 1854) males forming temporary sleeping aggregations in dry inflorescences of Bidens pilosa L. The sleeping aggregations of M. nigroaenea were observed for approximately 15 days in an area of Cerrado, Brasília, DF. During the day M. nigroaenea males visit flowers of Cosmos sulphureus Cav. near the sleeping aggregations, where the females collect pollen. In the late afternoon, the males return to the sleeping aggregations, where they sleep at night. These data provide new information about the behavior of M. nigroaenea males.
{"title":"Male Sleeping Aggregation of Melissodes (Ecplectica) nigroaenea (Smith, 1854) (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Eucerini) in Brazilian Cerrado","authors":"W. P. Silva, Rogério Rodrigues De Andrade","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.5459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.5459","url":null,"abstract":"Bee males are sometimes found forming sleeping aggregations on stems of bushes or trees to sleep at night, but there is no complete understanding of the reasons for this behaviour. This note describes the behavior of Melissodes (Ecplectica) nigroaenea (Smith, 1854) males forming temporary sleeping aggregations in dry inflorescences of Bidens pilosa L. The sleeping aggregations of M. nigroaenea were observed for approximately 15 days in an area of Cerrado, Brasília, DF. During the day M. nigroaenea males visit flowers of Cosmos sulphureus Cav. near the sleeping aggregations, where the females collect pollen. In the late afternoon, the males return to the sleeping aggregations, where they sleep at night. These data provide new information about the behavior of M. nigroaenea males.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49440675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7620
Amanda Prato, Rafael Carvalho da Silva, S. Mateus, Fábio Santos Do Nascimento
Social wasps are model organisms in studies related to evolution and social behavior origin. They show high degree of sinanthropism and due to their feeding habits, they play important ecological roles. However, wasps are considered dangerous, hence their nests are destroyed by humans. The aim of this study was to develop a technique for transferring the nests of some Polybia (Lepeletier, 1836) species located in human constructions to protected places. Nests were removed in the morning blowing ether into the nest entrance and closing them with cotton. They were separatedfrom the substrate with a spatula. Nests were immediately attached to the new substrate with hot silicone glue and installed in the new place. Transferred nests were monitored for one month to verify the efficiency of the technique. Following the transference, individuals kept foraging and repairing/constructing new cells. Workers performing colony tasks are evidence that the technique was efficient and that the colony was adapted to the new local.
{"title":"A Technique for Transferring Nests of Polybia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Epiponini) Wasps in Anthropized Environment","authors":"Amanda Prato, Rafael Carvalho da Silva, S. Mateus, Fábio Santos Do Nascimento","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7620","url":null,"abstract":"Social wasps are model organisms in studies related to evolution and social behavior origin. They show high degree of sinanthropism and due to their feeding habits, they play important ecological roles. However, wasps are considered dangerous, hence their nests are destroyed by humans. The aim of this study was to develop a technique for transferring the nests of some Polybia (Lepeletier, 1836) species located in human constructions to protected places. Nests were removed in the morning blowing ether into the nest entrance and closing them with cotton. They were separatedfrom the substrate with a spatula. Nests were immediately attached to the new substrate with hot silicone glue and installed in the new place. Transferred nests were monitored for one month to verify the efficiency of the technique. Following the transference, individuals kept foraging and repairing/constructing new cells. Workers performing colony tasks are evidence that the technique was efficient and that the colony was adapted to the new local.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42576948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7343
J. K. Wetterer
The robust crazy ant, Nylanderia bourbonica (Forel) (formerly Paratrechina bourbonica), is native to the Old-World tropics and subtropics. Its earliest known record in the New World was collected in 1924 in Miami, Florida. Here, I examine the subsequent spread of this species to other parts of North America and the West Indies. I compiled published and unpublished New World N. bourbonica specimen records from 446 sites, documenting the earliest known records for 24 geographic areas (countries, island groups, major islands, and US states), including nine for which I found no previously published records: Anguilla, Antigua, Barbuda, British Virgin Islands, Jamaica, Turks and Caicos Islands, Missouri, New York, and Washington. The vast majority of New World site records for N. bourbonica (89%) come from Florida, where this species is now known from 37 counties. Most, if not all, of the 14 site records of N. bourbonica in North American north of 30.5°N come from indoors. Although the earliest record of N. bourbonica from Cuba dates to 1933, the spread of N. bourbonica to many West Indian islands appears to be much more recent. In Florida, N. bourbonica is a widespread, though relatively minor household and agricultural pest, and also is common in some more natural environments. It remains to be seen whether N. bourbonica will become a significant pest in the West Indies or elsewhere in the New World.
{"title":"New-World Spread of the Old-World Robust Crazy Ant, Nylanderia bourbonica (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)","authors":"J. K. Wetterer","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7343","url":null,"abstract":" The robust crazy ant, Nylanderia bourbonica (Forel) (formerly Paratrechina bourbonica), is native to the Old-World tropics and subtropics. Its earliest known record in the New World was collected in 1924 in Miami, Florida. Here, I examine the subsequent spread of this species to other parts of North America and the West Indies. I compiled published and unpublished New World N. bourbonica specimen records from 446 sites, documenting the earliest known records for 24 geographic areas (countries, island groups, major islands, and US states), including nine for which I found no previously published records: Anguilla, Antigua, Barbuda, British Virgin Islands, Jamaica, Turks and Caicos Islands, Missouri, New York, and Washington. The vast majority of New World site records for N. bourbonica (89%) come from Florida, where this species is now known from 37 counties. Most, if not all, of the 14 site records of N. bourbonica in North American north of 30.5°N come from indoors. Although the earliest record of N. bourbonica from Cuba dates to 1933, the spread of N. bourbonica to many West Indian islands appears to be much more recent. In Florida, N. bourbonica is a widespread, though relatively minor household and agricultural pest, and also is common in some more natural environments. It remains to be seen whether N. bourbonica will become a significant pest in the West Indies or elsewhere in the New World.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46357488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7339
K. Vijayakumar, Nayimabanu Taredahalli, Arati Pannure
We describe here nesting biology of Hoplonomia westwoodi, a common ground nesting solitary bee in India. A typical nest consisted of a straight main tunnel with the cells arranged horizontally at the end. Number of cells per nest ranged from 2 to 4 (x̄ = 2.67). Polypropylene bag and pot culture studies, to evaluate soil types preferred by the bees for nesting, showed that red soil + FYM (1:1) was the most preferred substrate with an average of 12.67 nests/bag. Maximum foraging activity was between 8:00 -13:00 hours. Though H. westwoodi bees were active throughout the year, higher foraging activity was observed between March to June. The species being polylectic, foraged on flowers of several families including Myrtaceae, Lamiaceae, Portulacaceae, Convolvulaceae, Lythraceae, Meliaceae, Rubiaceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Malvaceae. A cleptoparasite, Eupetersia sp. was observed in the nests of H. westwoodi, which is the first record of Eupetersia sp. parasitisation on the genus Hoplonomia.
{"title":"Bioecology and Domiciliation of the Alkali Bee, Hoplonomia westwoodi (Gribodo, 1894) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Nomiinae) from India","authors":"K. Vijayakumar, Nayimabanu Taredahalli, Arati Pannure","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v69i2.7339","url":null,"abstract":"We describe here nesting biology of Hoplonomia westwoodi, a common ground nesting solitary bee in India. A typical nest consisted of a straight main tunnel with the cells arranged horizontally at the end. Number of cells per nest ranged from 2 to 4 (x̄ = 2.67). Polypropylene bag and pot culture studies, to evaluate soil types preferred by the bees for nesting, showed that red soil + FYM (1:1) was the most preferred substrate with an average of 12.67 nests/bag. Maximum foraging activity was between 8:00 -13:00 hours. Though H. westwoodi bees were active throughout the year, higher foraging activity was observed between March to June. The species being polylectic, foraged on flowers of several families including Myrtaceae, Lamiaceae, Portulacaceae, Convolvulaceae, Lythraceae, Meliaceae, Rubiaceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Malvaceae. A cleptoparasite, Eupetersia sp. was observed in the nests of H. westwoodi, which is the first record of Eupetersia sp. parasitisation on the genus Hoplonomia. ","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46575993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-22DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v69i1.7340
Lubiane Guimarães Cestaro, F. A. Pinto, É. Teixeira, M. Martins, M. L. T. M. F. Alves, D. Message
The mite Varroa destructor is one of the most studied parasites in apiculture, and its genotype variation is a key factor for the severity of infestation in bee colonies. Here we report the genetic and reproductive profile of mites from 14 Brazilian states with different geographic and climatic conditions. We performed PCR to amplify a fragment of the COI gene and differentiate the haplotypes using restriction enzymes. The K haplotype was widely prevalent in the studied sites, while the J haplotype was found only in four municipalities. We also observed both haplotypes (J and K) coexisting in the same colony, a fact unprecedented in Brazil. Infestation levels were low (0.33 to 15.3%). The reproductive potential showed wide variation (0 to 1.5), indicating that even with the massive presence of K haplotype, environmental and biotic factors related to Africanized honeybees may be responsible for maintaining the mite under low levels in Brazil.
{"title":"Varroa destructor in Africanized honey bees in Brazil: genetic and reproductive profile","authors":"Lubiane Guimarães Cestaro, F. A. Pinto, É. Teixeira, M. Martins, M. L. T. M. F. Alves, D. Message","doi":"10.13102/sociobiology.v69i1.7340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v69i1.7340","url":null,"abstract":"The mite Varroa destructor is one of the most studied parasites in apiculture, and its genotype variation is a key factor for the severity of infestation in bee colonies. Here we report the genetic and reproductive profile of mites from 14 Brazilian states with different geographic and climatic conditions. We performed PCR to amplify a fragment of the COI gene and differentiate the haplotypes using restriction enzymes. The K haplotype was widely prevalent in the studied sites, while the J haplotype was found only in four municipalities. We also observed both haplotypes (J and K) coexisting in the same colony, a fact unprecedented in Brazil. Infestation levels were low (0.33 to 15.3%). The reproductive potential showed wide variation (0 to 1.5), indicating that even with the massive presence of K haplotype, environmental and biotic factors related to Africanized honeybees may be responsible for maintaining the mite under low levels in Brazil.","PeriodicalId":21971,"journal":{"name":"Sociobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46175700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-22DOI: 10.13102/sociobiology.v69i1.7678
G. C. Jacques, S. C. C. Francisco, L. C. P. Silveira
The social wasps of the order Hymenoptera, family Vespidae and subfamily Polistinae, perform important ecological functions such as pollination and predation, including pest insects, and can be an important resource in biological control. Some species of parasitoids attack nests of social wasps causing mortality in the early stages of development, thus impairing the biological control exercised by these insects. This study aimed to verify the occurrence and identify parasitoids in nests of Polistes versicolor Olivier, 1971, at the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Minas Gerais (IFMG) - Campus Bambuí, Brazil. In total, 14 nests of P. versicolor were collected. The parasitism rate was 28.57%, and parasitoids were recorded in four of the 14 nests collected. The presence of parasitized nests may be due to the absence of a protective envelope, typical of the nest of P. versicolor. The emerged parasitoid belongs to the species Elasmus polistis Burks, 1971 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a species identified in nests of social wasps only in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. To the best our knowledge, this is the first study that shows the occurrence of E. polistis parasitizing social wasps in the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil.
膜翅目、蜂科、蜂亚科的寄生蜂具有传粉、捕食等重要生态功能，是防治害虫的重要资源。某些种类的拟寄生蜂攻击群居黄蜂的巢穴，在黄蜂发育的早期阶段造成死亡，从而削弱了这些昆虫的生物控制作用。本研究旨在验证巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州联邦教育学院Ciência e tecologia de Minas Gerais (IFMG) - Campus Bambuí 1971年的Polistes versicolololivier巢穴中寄生性昆虫的发生和鉴定。共采集到14个花斑蝶巢。寄生率为28.57%，14个巢中有4个巢中有寄生蜂。被寄生的巢的存在可能是由于缺乏保护外壳，这是典型的花斑蝶巢。新发现的寄生蜂属依拉木蜂，1971(膜翅目:蜂科)，该种仅在巴西南部大德州里约热内卢的群居黄蜂巢中发现。据我们所知，这是第一次在巴西东南部的米纳斯吉拉斯州发现寄生于群居黄蜂的E. polistis的研究。
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