Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22618/tp.pjcv.20226.1.127.003
A. Türpe
My article focuses on Clausewitz’s actual statements regarding the political changes of his time. It highlights his understanding of the notions of ‘revolution,’ ‘reform,’ ‘monarchy,’ ‘republic’ and ‘nation state.’ Using a concrete historical analysis, I aim to show that the Prussian philosopher of war is best characterized as a supporter of reforms, monarchy and as a representative of national patriotism. In a nutshell, Clausewitz was a supporter of reform in order to prevent revolution or suppress revolutionary inclinations.
{"title":"The Thoughts of Clausewitz on Society and State in Times of European Upheaval","authors":"A. Türpe","doi":"10.22618/tp.pjcv.20226.1.127.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22618/tp.pjcv.20226.1.127.003","url":null,"abstract":"My article focuses on Clausewitz’s actual statements regarding the political changes of his time. It highlights his understanding of the notions of ‘revolution,’ ‘reform,’ ‘monarchy,’ ‘republic’ and ‘nation state.’ Using a concrete historical analysis, I aim to show that the Prussian philosopher of war is best characterized as a supporter of reforms, monarchy and as a representative of national patriotism. In a nutshell, Clausewitz was a supporter of reform in order to prevent revolution or suppress revolutionary inclinations.","PeriodicalId":220201,"journal":{"name":"The Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130765204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22618/tp.pjcv.020204.1.203006
D. Finkelde
Non-wakefulness proves to be a basic condition of experience, since human beings, living in webs of supernumerary information processes, can only build social relations through unacknowledged forms of passive or “interpassive” (Pfaller) structures of transference due to limited forms of being non-awake toward the properties of all kinds of things. This can cause multiple conflicts both for the individual human being reaching out to facts, as well as for political communities where one sees another as blinded by some kind of “dogmatic slumber”. The article tries to show how the concept non-wakefulness explains in what way mental states are – individually as well as collectively – in relation with objects that are necessarily “withdrawn” (Harman) from us as presented especially in contemporary debates on Speculative Realism. Furthermore, the text develops an understanding of waking-up as the latter marks the moment when a mental state of epistemic deficiency is temporarily left behind. Reality exists only insofar as it is smoothed out via unconscious structures of non-wakefulness, while in dreams objects may unconceal themselves for a short period of time when ‘secondary process’ functions (Freud) of our judgmental capacities are dropped.
{"title":"Non-Wakefulness: On the Parallax between Dreaming and Awakening","authors":"D. Finkelde","doi":"10.22618/tp.pjcv.020204.1.203006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22618/tp.pjcv.020204.1.203006","url":null,"abstract":"Non-wakefulness proves to be a basic condition of experience, since human beings, living in webs of supernumerary information processes, can only build social relations through unacknowledged forms of passive or “interpassive” (Pfaller) structures of transference due to limited forms of being non-awake toward the properties of all kinds of things. This can cause multiple conflicts both for the individual human being reaching out to facts, as well as for political communities where one sees another as blinded by some kind of “dogmatic slumber”. The article tries to show how the concept non-wakefulness explains in what way mental states are – individually as well as collectively – in relation with objects that are necessarily “withdrawn” (Harman) from us as presented especially in contemporary debates on Speculative Realism. Furthermore, the text develops an understanding of waking-up as the latter marks the moment when a mental state of epistemic deficiency is temporarily left behind. Reality exists only insofar as it is smoothed out via unconscious structures of non-wakefulness, while in dreams objects may unconceal themselves for a short period of time when ‘secondary process’ functions (Freud) of our judgmental capacities are dropped.","PeriodicalId":220201,"journal":{"name":"The Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116957198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22618/tp.pjcv.20226.1.127.002
T. M. Holmes
By contrast with the Holy Trinity, Clausewitz’s “strange trinity” is an unstable system, whose three “dominant tendencies” compete for mastery over the realm of war. One tendency is the subordination of war to the aims of policy, but that is constantly challenged by the other two—blind hatred and the enjoyment of adventure. The political tendency is the only one that treats war as the function of a purpose beyond war, but only intermittently does that tendency predominate, meaning that war is more often than not a dysfunctional undertaking and always a highly dubious instrument of policy.
{"title":"Clausewitz’s “Strange Trinity” and the Dysfunctionality of War","authors":"T. M. Holmes","doi":"10.22618/tp.pjcv.20226.1.127.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22618/tp.pjcv.20226.1.127.002","url":null,"abstract":"By contrast with the Holy Trinity, Clausewitz’s “strange trinity” is an unstable system, whose three “dominant tendencies” compete for mastery over the realm of war. One tendency is the subordination of war to the aims of policy, but that is constantly challenged by the other two—blind hatred and the enjoyment of adventure. The political tendency is the only one that treats war as the function of a purpose beyond war, but only intermittently does that tendency predominate, meaning that war is more often than not a dysfunctional undertaking and always a highly dubious instrument of policy.","PeriodicalId":220201,"journal":{"name":"The Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128999640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22618/tp.pjcv.20215.2.114006
Fulcran Teisserenc
Notwithstanding the lack of explicit references to Plato’s works in Clausewitz’s writings, this article argues that the Prussian General may have been influenced by the Greek philosopher. First, Clausewitz's concept of “absolute war” has an ideality close to that of a Platonic form, and some of its elements are already present in the Republic. Second, there are strong analogies between Clausewitz’s trinitarian definition of war and the psychosocial features of Plato’s city. Lastly, the article draws a comparison between Clausewitz’s analysis of “martial genius” and Plato’s concept of thumos.
{"title":"Three Platonic Themes in Clausewitz: A Forgotten Legacy","authors":"Fulcran Teisserenc","doi":"10.22618/tp.pjcv.20215.2.114006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22618/tp.pjcv.20215.2.114006","url":null,"abstract":"Notwithstanding the lack of explicit references to Plato’s works in Clausewitz’s writings, this article argues that the Prussian General may have been influenced by the Greek philosopher. First, Clausewitz's concept of “absolute war” has an ideality close to that of a Platonic form, and some of its elements are already present in the Republic. Second, there are strong analogies between Clausewitz’s trinitarian definition of war and the psychosocial features of Plato’s city. Lastly, the article draws a comparison between Clausewitz’s analysis of “martial genius” and Plato’s concept of thumos.","PeriodicalId":220201,"journal":{"name":"The Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence","volume":"33 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114126674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22618/tp.pjcv.20226.2.144.002
David Engels
For Oswald Spengler, the dwindling power of resistance against any physical or psychical threat is a typical symptom of the late stage of every civilisation. Strangely at odds with the obvious violence of the World Wars, Spengler’s predictions seem to concord oddly enough with today’s phenomenon of “post-heroism.” In the following, we will examine this question from the angle of the work of the German writer Monika Maron, whose novel Artur Lanz (2020) is not only devoted to the crisis of heroism and masculinity in the modern West, but also explicitly refers to Oswald Spengler’s The Decline of the West as a key source.
在奥斯瓦尔德·斯宾格勒看来，抵抗任何身体或精神威胁的能力日益减弱，是每一种文明进入晚期的典型症状。奇怪的是，斯宾格勒的预言与世界大战中明显的暴力冲突格格不入，却似乎与今天的“后英雄主义”现象十分吻合。接下来，我们将从德国作家莫妮卡·马龙(Monika Maron)的作品角度来审视这个问题，她的小说《阿图尔·兰兹》(Artur Lanz, 2020)不仅致力于现代西方的英雄主义和男子气概危机，而且明确地将奥斯瓦尔德·斯宾格勒(Oswald Spengler)的《西方的衰落》(the Decline of the West)作为关键来源。
{"title":"Spengler’s The Decline of the West and Monika Maron’s Novel Artur Lanz","authors":"David Engels","doi":"10.22618/tp.pjcv.20226.2.144.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22618/tp.pjcv.20226.2.144.002","url":null,"abstract":"For Oswald Spengler, the dwindling power of resistance against any physical or psychical threat is a typical symptom of the late stage of every civilisation. Strangely at odds with the obvious violence of the World Wars, Spengler’s predictions seem to concord oddly enough with today’s phenomenon of “post-heroism.” In the following, we will examine this question from the angle of the work of the German writer Monika Maron, whose novel Artur Lanz (2020) is not only devoted to the crisis of heroism and masculinity in the modern West, but also explicitly refers to Oswald Spengler’s The Decline of the West as a key source.","PeriodicalId":220201,"journal":{"name":"The Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122741596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22618/tp.pjcv.20204.2.1763008
E. von Essen, Michael Allen, L. Tickle
The seeming absence of mutual consent in interspecies sports makes it difficult to justify non-human animals participating on equal terms with humans in for example sport hunting. Nevertheless, hunted animals might appear to be ‘playing the game’ to the extent they resort to counter-deceptions, which often fool the hunters or their dogs. In this paper, we consider whether counter-deception by hunted animals is evidence that they are not playing the hunter’s game at all, or rather playing a different serious game of survival, one in which they repudiate the role of ‘worthy opponent’ instead by playing the role of trickster-resistors.
{"title":"Game of Drones: On the Moral Significance of Deception in Modern Sport Hunting","authors":"E. von Essen, Michael Allen, L. Tickle","doi":"10.22618/tp.pjcv.20204.2.1763008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22618/tp.pjcv.20204.2.1763008","url":null,"abstract":"The seeming absence of mutual consent in interspecies sports makes it difficult to justify non-human animals participating on equal terms with humans in for example sport hunting. Nevertheless, hunted animals might appear to be ‘playing the game’ to the extent they resort to counter-deceptions, which often fool the hunters or their dogs. In this paper, we consider whether counter-deception by hunted animals is evidence that they are not playing the hunter’s game at all, or rather playing a different serious game of survival, one in which they repudiate the role of ‘worthy opponent’ instead by playing the role of trickster-resistors.","PeriodicalId":220201,"journal":{"name":"The Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128339111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22618/tp.pjcv.20204.2.1763009
C. Roy
A pioneer of political ecology, Bernard Charbonneau (1910-1996) viewed freedom and nature as jointly threatened by the “second nature” of technological society (whose critique by his friend Jacques Ellul owed much to him), defined by total mobilization as revealed in world wars as in industrial development. Its roots intertwine with those of the modern State made possible by the Christian distinction of the spiritual from the sacred violence inherent in religion and politics, returning unchecked in both guises. Charbonneau’s thought thus provides an ecological counterpoint to René Girard’s mimetic theory.
{"title":"Bernard Charbonneau’s Ecological Reflection on Violence and War in Society, the State and Revolution","authors":"C. Roy","doi":"10.22618/tp.pjcv.20204.2.1763009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22618/tp.pjcv.20204.2.1763009","url":null,"abstract":"A pioneer of political ecology, Bernard Charbonneau (1910-1996) viewed freedom and nature as jointly threatened by the “second nature” of technological society (whose critique by his friend Jacques Ellul owed much to him), defined by total mobilization as revealed in world wars as in industrial development. Its roots intertwine with those of the modern State made possible by the Christian distinction of the spiritual from the sacred violence inherent in religion and politics, returning unchecked in both guises. Charbonneau’s thought thus provides an ecological counterpoint to René Girard’s mimetic theory.","PeriodicalId":220201,"journal":{"name":"The Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132204508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22618/tp.pjcv.020204.1.203001
L. Di Blasi
This paper analyzes Benedict XVI’s disputed text “Grace and Vocation Without Remorse: Comments on the Treatise ‘De Iudaeis’” from 2018 not only as the specification and, in part, restoration of a traditional Christian understanding of God's covenant with Israel, but implicitly also as an attempt both to re-evaluate the Christian tradition of treatises on Jews and to revitalize a dispute between Christianity and Judaism on theological questions. Through this attempt, the limits of the idea of inter-religious dialogue between (Catholic) Christianity and (Rabbinic) Judaism become abundantly clear.
{"title":"Resuming Conflict: Benedict’s “Grace and Vocation” and the Limit of Dialogue","authors":"L. Di Blasi","doi":"10.22618/tp.pjcv.020204.1.203001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22618/tp.pjcv.020204.1.203001","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes Benedict XVI’s disputed text “Grace and Vocation Without Remorse: Comments on the Treatise ‘De Iudaeis’” from 2018 not only as the specification and, in part, restoration of a traditional Christian understanding of God's covenant with Israel, but implicitly also as an attempt both to re-evaluate the Christian tradition of treatises on Jews and to revitalize a dispute between Christianity and Judaism on theological questions. Through this attempt, the limits of the idea of inter-religious dialogue between (Catholic) Christianity and (Rabbinic) Judaism become abundantly clear.","PeriodicalId":220201,"journal":{"name":"The Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134452769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22618/tp.pjcv.20215.2.114001
Magali Année
“To speak in a harmful way (τὸ μὴ καλῶς λέγειν) is not only a false note towards language itself (εἰς αὐτὸ τοῦτο πλημμελές), it is also to infuse some evil within souls.” This worrisome statement in the Phaedo (115 e 5–7) should be considered as a key of Plato’s dialogues. But how shall we understand the harmfulness of a “false note” inside the very language thought of as having its own autonomy? Does it have to do with “stasis between names” (Cratylus 438 d 2), and if so, where to find, inside language, the “right note” capable of preventing the disaster of souls?
“用一种有害的方式说话(τ - μ - καλ λ ς λ)不仅是对语言本身的一种错误的注意(ε - ς α - τ - τ το το πλημμε)，也是在灵魂中注入一些邪恶。”《斐多篇》(115 e 5-7)中这段令人担忧的陈述应该被视为柏拉图对话录的关键。但是，我们该如何理解一种被认为具有自身自主性的语言内部的“假音符”的危害呢?它是否与“名字之间的停滞”(克拉提罗斯438 d 2)有关，如果是这样，在语言内部，哪里可以找到能够防止灵魂灾难的“正确音符”?
{"title":"Plato’s Sound Language against the Harm done to Language","authors":"Magali Année","doi":"10.22618/tp.pjcv.20215.2.114001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22618/tp.pjcv.20215.2.114001","url":null,"abstract":"“To speak in a harmful way (τὸ μὴ καλῶς λέγειν) is not only a false note towards language itself (εἰς αὐτὸ τοῦτο πλημμελές), it is also to infuse some evil within souls.” This worrisome statement in the Phaedo (115 e 5–7) should be considered as a key of Plato’s dialogues. But how shall we understand the harmfulness of a “false note” inside the very language thought of as having its own autonomy? Does it have to do with “stasis between names” (Cratylus 438 d 2), and if so, where to find, inside language, the “right note” capable of preventing the disaster of souls?","PeriodicalId":220201,"journal":{"name":"The Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115027779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22618/tp.pjcv.20226.1.127.004
Bilgehan Emeklier, Nihal Emeklier
Clausewitz introduced an inclusive equation between emotionality and rationality with regards to the debates on the causality and practice of war in modern strategic thought. In Clausewitz’s theory of war, war is a process of governmentality composed by three types of actors: states directing war (leaders and decision-makers), armies executing war (combatants), and people supporting war financially and morally (societies). In this trinitarian scheme, war is a continuous, mutually constitutive interactional process with emotional and rational components both between conflicting parties, and within each side. The aim of this article is to discuss how Clausewitz integrated the emotion-reason equation in his theory of war, to explain through an actor-level analysis how emotions affect, change, and transform war, and lastly to discuss the mutual constitutive relationship between wars and emotions in the contemporary global durable disorder.
{"title":"Emotions in War: The Emotionality-Rationality Equation in Clausewitz’s Theory of War","authors":"Bilgehan Emeklier, Nihal Emeklier","doi":"10.22618/tp.pjcv.20226.1.127.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22618/tp.pjcv.20226.1.127.004","url":null,"abstract":"Clausewitz introduced an inclusive equation between emotionality and rationality with regards to the debates on the causality and practice of war in modern strategic thought. In Clausewitz’s theory of war, war is a process of governmentality composed by three types of actors: states directing war (leaders and decision-makers), armies executing war (combatants), and people supporting war financially and morally (societies). In this trinitarian scheme, war is a continuous, mutually constitutive interactional process with emotional and rational components both between conflicting parties, and within each side. The aim of this article is to discuss how Clausewitz integrated the emotion-reason equation in his theory of war, to explain through an actor-level analysis how emotions affect, change, and transform war, and lastly to discuss the mutual constitutive relationship between wars and emotions in the contemporary global durable disorder.","PeriodicalId":220201,"journal":{"name":"The Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121739414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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