Socio-economic Planning Sciences最新文献_第10页

How does horizontal ecological compensation promote the coupled development of ecological environment protection and high-quality economy growth? Evidence from China's circular economy practices 横向生态补偿如何促进生态环境保护与经济高质量增长的耦合发展？中国循环经济实践的证据

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102320

Qingyuan Shen , Jintao Lu , Ilaria Tutore , Nicola Cucari , Qingbin Guo

The horizontal ecological compensation system is a concrete practical arrangement for the development of a circular economy and an important driving force for promoting the win-win situation of protection and development. We used the Yellow River Basin (Henan–Shandong section) horizontal ecological protection compensation pilot project as a quasi-natural experiment and employed the difference-in-differences method to empirically test the direct impact and mediating effects of horizontal ecological compensation on ecological and environmental protection and high-quality economic development. Results reveal that the implementation of the pilot policy for horizontal ecological compensation can promote the coupled development of ecological environment protection and high-quality economy growth, with a greater impact on ecological environment protection (0.0326) than on high-quality economic growth (0.0171). The three variables of building digital infrastructure, adjusting industrial structure, and improving land resource utilization have a significant positive mediating effect, while the mediating effect of improving water resource utilization has not yet become apparent. The effect of the pilot policy is mainly reflected in the upstream Henan section (0.0291) and has an insignificant negative impact on the downstream Shandong section (−0.0060). The conclusion provides theoretical support for exploring the path to green and high-quality development from the perspective of horizontal ecological compensation and offers an important practical approach for governments worldwide to develop a circular economy.

横向生态补偿制度是发展循环经济的具体实践安排，是促进保护与发展共赢的重要动力。本文以黄河流域（河南—山东段）横向生态保护补偿试点项目为准自然实验，采用差中差法实证检验了横向生态补偿对生态环境保护和经济高质量发展的直接影响和中介作用。结果表明，横向生态补偿试点政策的实施能够促进生态环境保护与经济高质量增长的耦合发展，对生态环境保护的影响（0.0326）大于对经济高质量增长的影响（0.0171）。数字基础设施建设、产业结构调整和提高土地资源利用三个变量具有显著的正向中介作用，而提高水资源利用的中介作用尚未显现。试点政策的影响主要体现在河南上游河段（0.0291），对山东下游河段（- 0.0060）的负面影响不显著。这一结论为从横向生态补偿视角探索绿色高质量发展路径提供了理论支持，为各国政府发展循环经济提供了重要的实践途径。

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引用次数: 0

The half is more than the whole: How China's economic growth target affects forest eco-efficiency 一半大于全部：中国经济增长目标如何影响森林生态效率

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102324

Bohao Jin , Heming Wang

With its command economy legacy, China's economic growth target (EGT) can interfere with the health of forest eco-efficiency (FEE). From the ecosystem services perspective, which categorizes outputs into supply, cultural, and regulating services, this study measures FEE of 30 provinces in China from 2006 to 2019. On this basis, this study empirically analyzes the effect of EGT on FEE using fixed effect and threshold regression models. The relevant results are fourfold. (i) FEE initially exhibits volatility before stabilizing, with Fujian leading in average FEE and Hubei recording the peak value in 2016–2017. (ii) EGT shows inverted U-shaped causality on FEE. (iii) Regulatory, normative, and cognitive mechanisms mediate the impact of EGT on FEE, as posited by institutional force theory, and normative and cognitive forces have the 6.5 % threshold value. (iv) Forests that are under community ownership and in regions with higher marketization demonstrate reduced sensitivity to EGT. The study concludes with strategic recommendations for policymakers to bolster sustainable FEE through targeted reforms to advance promotional objectives, refine property rights structure, and enhance ecosystem service compensation.

受计划经济的影响，中国的经济增长目标（EGT）可能会干扰森林生态效率（FEE）的健康。本文从生态系统服务的角度，将产出分为供给服务、文化服务和调节服务，对2006 - 2019年中国30个省份的生态系统服务产出进行了测度。在此基础上，本文运用固定效应和阈值回归模型实证分析了EGT对FEE的影响。相关的结果有四方面。(1) FEE初期呈现波动后趋于稳定，2016-2017年福建平均FEE领先，湖北最高。（ii） EGT对FEE呈倒u型因果关系。（iii）制度力量理论认为，监管机制、规范机制和认知机制介导了EGT对FEE的影响，其中规范机制和认知机制的阈值为6.5%。社区所有的森林和在市场化程度较高的区域，对EGT的敏感性较低。该研究最后为政策制定者提出了战略建议，建议他们通过有针对性的改革来推进促进目标、完善产权结构和加强生态系统服务补偿，从而促进可持续的FEE。

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引用次数: 0

Decision-making in sustainable dual-channel supply chain under carbon trading, risk aversion, and government subsidy policy 碳交易、风险规避和政府补贴政策下可持续双通道供应链决策

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102321

Abhijit Barman , Shib Sankar Sana

In the context of global warming, emissions of greenhouse gases, and growing environmental awareness, decision-making in sustainable supply chains becomes critical, focusing on incorporating re-manufacturing for ecological protection and resource utilization. This paper focuses on a multi-layer sustainable closed-loop supply chain model (SCLSC) under demand uncertainty and govt. subsidy in green manufacturing. Firstly, we formulate a closed-loop framework comprising a green supplier, risk-averse upstream manufacturer, risk-averse downstream retailer, and environmentally conscious collector. Secondly, we incorporate measures aimed at reducing carbon emissions within the supply chain that align with broader sustainability objectives. Thirdly, the influence of government subsidy in green manufacturing activities have been studied. Market demand is sensitive to price, cross-price, green degree, carbon emission levels, and the level of collector’s effort. To achieve the pricing, greening, and effort decision, we analyzed the CLSC model under i)consistency ii)inconsistency pricing strategy. Furthermore, to achieve the best profitability, we demonstrated the supply chain under manufacturer-retailer(MR), manufacturer-collector(MC), and retailer-collector(RC), including decentralized scenarios. The analytical results reveal that the manufacturer-collector coalition can optimize the utilization of resources such as transportation, storage, and processing facilities with higher green levels and supply chain profitability. The numerical illustration also reveals that the inconsistent pricing strategy enables businesses to respond to changes in demand and supply, maximizing revenue potential. In addition, risk-averse behavior reduces uncertainty but negatively impacts the overall performance of the supply chain. Finally, some managerial insights into effective parameters have been discussed to illustrate the sustainability initiatives.

在全球变暖、温室气体排放和环保意识增强的背景下，可持续供应链的决策变得至关重要，重点是将再制造纳入生态保护和资源利用。研究了需求不确定性和政府补贴下的绿色制造多层次可持续闭环供应链模型。首先，我们制定了一个闭环框架，包括绿色供应商、规避风险的上游制造商、规避风险的下游零售商和具有环保意识的收集商。其次，我们采取措施减少供应链中的碳排放，与更广泛的可持续发展目标保持一致。第三，研究了政府补贴对绿色制造活动的影响。市场需求对价格、交叉价格、绿色程度、碳排放水平和采集者的努力水平敏感。为了实现定价、绿化和努力决策，我们分析了一致性定价策略和不一致性定价策略下的CLSC模型。此外，为了实现最佳盈利能力，我们展示了制造商-零售商（MR），制造商-收集器（MC）和零售商-收集器（RC）下的供应链，包括分散的场景。分析结果表明，制造商-回收商联盟可以优化运输、储存和加工设施等资源的利用，具有更高的绿色水平和供应链盈利能力。数值说明还表明，不一致的定价策略使企业能够对需求和供应的变化做出反应，从而最大化收入潜力。此外，风险规避行为减少了不确定性，但对供应链的整体绩效产生了负面影响。最后，讨论了对有效参数的一些管理见解，以说明可持续性举措。

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引用次数: 0

Designing a bi-level waste disposal network by integrating environmental protection and sustainable development 设计环境保护与可持续发展相结合的双层废物处理网络

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102315

Yuanzhe Liu , Huili Pei , Yaxi Zhang , Naiqi Liu

Effective management of construction waste (CW) is not only essential for the rational utilization of resources, but also plays a crucial role in environmental protection and sustainable development. This study proposes a novel bi-level distributionally robust optimization (DRO) model with probabilistic guarantees to address the uncertain construction and treatment costs in the waste disposal network design. Methodologically, we construct an ambiguity set with a sub-Gaussian structure to describe the uncertain parameters. Leveraging the problem’s structural properties and the robust counterpart approximation (RCA) method, our proposed model can be transformed into a computationally tractable mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model. A tailored Benders decomposition (BD) algorithm with two acceleration strategies is designed to solve the resulting MILP model. Our proposed method is validated through a real CW disposal case in Hong Kong. The computational results demonstrate that (i) our model can effectively mitigate the impact of uncertain construction and treatment costs, while incurring a robustness price of approximately 10.75%; (ii) under extremely negative cost fluctuations, our DRO model achieves a 2.29%–9.61% cost advantage over the nominal model; (iii) the accelerated BD algorithm reduces the solution time by 26%–35% compared to the standard BD approach. Besides, this study offers valuable managerial insights for decision-makers in CW management, supporting the development of the optimal waste management strategies that promote sustainable growth in the construction industry.

有效的建筑垃圾管理不仅对资源的合理利用至关重要，而且对环境保护和可持续发展也起着至关重要的作用。针对垃圾处理网络设计中存在的不确定性问题，提出了一种具有概率保证的双层分布鲁棒优化（DRO）模型。在方法上，我们构造了一个具有亚高斯结构的模糊集来描述不确定参数。利用问题的结构特性和鲁棒对应逼近（RCA）方法，我们提出的模型可以转化为计算可处理的混合整数线性规划（MILP）模型。设计了一种具有两种加速策略的定制Benders分解（BD）算法来求解所得的MILP模型。我们提出的方法已通过香港的一个实际化武处置案例得到验证。计算结果表明：(1)我们的模型可以有效地减轻不确定的建设和处理成本的影响，同时产生约10.75%的鲁棒性价格；（ii）在极负的成本波动下，我们的DRO模型比名义模型实现了2.29%-9.61%的成本优势；（iii）与标准BD方法相比，加速BD算法的求解时间缩短了26%-35%。此外，本研究为决策者提供有价值的管理见解，以支持制定最优的废物管理策略，促进建筑行业的可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-objective optimization for risk mitigation of medical waste disposal reverse logistics network 医疗废物处置逆向物流网络风险缓解的多目标优化

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102322

Yi Shi, Xingli Wu

Given the serious risks medical waste poses to the environment and public health, this paper proposes a multi-objective optimization model to address the location-allocation problem within its reverse logistics network. We design an efficient reverse logistics network for medical waste disposal, featuring treatment centers equipped with incineration-melting technology, and develop a multi-objective optimization model that considers infectious risk, environmental risk, social risk, and total costs to solve the location-allocation problem within the proposed network. To support risk mitigation and cost reduction for the decision maker without prior preference information, we use Monte Carlo simulation to examine the impact of weighting factors on the model's outcomes. The proposed methodology is then applied to a real-world case study in Chongqing, China, to evaluate its applicability and effectiveness. The simulation results demonstrate that the centers in the proposed network are effectively located and medical waste is appropriately allocated across various scenarios, achieving minimum values of 3120.5 for infectious risk, 8.6 for environmental risk, 198.5 for social risk, and 210,617.9 CNY for total costs. Furthermore, the proposed model strikes a balance between risk mitigation and cost reduction, minimizing medical waste management risks without incurring excessive costs and achieving cost savings without compromising risk control efforts.

鉴于医疗废物对环境和公众健康的严重危害，本文提出了一个多目标优化模型来解决其逆向物流网络的区位配置问题。我们设计了一个高效的医疗废物逆向物流网络，以配备焚烧-熔化技术的处理中心为特征，并建立了一个考虑传染风险、环境风险、社会风险和总成本的多目标优化模型，以解决所提出网络中的位置分配问题。为了支持决策者在没有先验偏好信息的情况下降低风险和成本，我们使用蒙特卡罗模拟来检查权重因素对模型结果的影响。然后将提出的方法应用于中国重庆的实际案例研究，以评估其适用性和有效性。仿真结果表明，所提出的网络中的医疗中心得到了有效的定位，医疗废物在不同场景下得到了合理的分配，实现了传染风险最小值320.5元，环境风险最小值8.6元，社会风险最小值198.5元，总成本为210,617.9元。此外，拟议的模式在减轻风险和降低成本之间取得平衡，在不产生过多成本的情况下尽量减少医疗废物管理风险，在不损害风险控制努力的情况下实现成本节约。

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引用次数: 0

Carbon-economic equilibrium strategy towards a green electric coal supply chain integrated with coalbed methane under low carbon policies and hydropower volatilities 低碳政策和水电波动下煤层气绿色电煤供应链的碳经济平衡策略

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102277

Siwei Zhao , Xuewu Chen , Lu Gan

China’s increasingly strict environmental protection policy is posing a major challenge to the energy saving and emission reduction efforts in the electric-coal supply chain. Against the backdrop, the equilibrium between economic cost and carbon emissions in the electric-coal supply chain, based on coalbed methane power-generation application and green supply chain theory, has attracted more and more attention. This paper, with an aim to achieve the equilibrium between the total economic cost and carbon emission reduction, constructs a equilibrium strategy for green electric-coal supply chain (GECSC) integrated with coalbed methane (CBM) under low carbon policies, and then applies the equilibrium strategy to a quantitative simulation based on a practical case. Taking full account of scenarios with different carbon cap and CBM utilization under carbon cap, and carbon cap-and-trading and carbon offset policies, proposition and management insights for carbon-economic equilibrium of green electric-coal supply chain are worked out, which indicates the utility and validity of the equilibrium strategy. In addition, the sensitivities analysis was made on impact of varying carbon prices on the GECSC. Eventually, the GECSC is extended to a resilient GECSC which is able to solve inherent volatilities of hydropower allocated to eastern or coastal areas. The results demonstrate the proposed equilibrium strategy can effectively realize trade-off between economic development, pollutants emission reduction of the green electric-coal supply chain, and ensure the stabilities of its power supply.

中国日益严格的环保政策对电煤供应链的节能减排工作提出了重大挑战。在此背景下，基于煤层气发电应用和绿色供应链理论的电煤供应链经济成本与碳排放平衡问题越来越受到人们的关注。本文以实现总经济成本与碳减排之间的均衡为目标，构建了低碳政策下含煤层气的绿色电煤供应链均衡策略，并基于实际案例对该均衡策略进行了定量模拟。在充分考虑不同碳限额和碳限额下煤层气利用情况、碳限额与交易和碳抵消政策的情况下，提出了绿色电煤供应链碳经济均衡的主张和管理见解，表明了均衡策略的实用性和有效性。此外，还对不同碳价对GECSC的影响进行了敏感性分析。最终，GECSC扩展为弹性GECSC，能够解决分配给东部或沿海地区的水力发电的固有波动性。结果表明，所提出的均衡策略能够有效地实现绿色电煤供应链在经济发展与污染物减排之间的权衡，保证其供电的稳定性。

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引用次数: 0

Wind of change for agent decisions and innovation diffusion: The ASPID predictive model for technology adoption 主体决策与创新扩散的变革之风：技术采用的ASPID预测模型

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102319

Carlos Sáenz-Royo , Ramón Hermoso , Francisco Chiclana

Innovations are part of human evolution and are essential for survival. However, traditional innovation diffusion models do not contemplate the possibility of innovation failure and focus on imitation social processes that require historical data for their estimation, providing only ex-post information, which limits their usefulness for risk management operations. This paper proposes a more general new model (ASPID: AbS-based Predictive Innovation Diffusion model) focusing on the decisions of agents who exhibit intentional limited rationality (IBR). ASPID provides: i) a greater depth of ex-post analysis than the classical models; ii) ex-ante information on the innovation diffusion process based on the characteristics of the target agents, the quality of the innovation, and the network topology of their relationships; iii) the success probability since innovations can fail. The model's versatility allows it to adapt to any information level, from the most aggregated to the most detailed. Some ex-ante and ex-post examples are presented to support the contribution.

创新是人类进化的一部分，对生存至关重要。然而，传统的创新扩散模型没有考虑创新失败的可能性，而是关注需要历史数据进行估计的模仿社会过程，仅提供事后信息，这限制了其对风险管理操作的有用性。本文提出了一个更通用的预测创新扩散模型（ASPID: AbS-based Predictive Innovation Diffusion model），该模型主要关注表现出有意有限理性（IBR）的主体的决策。ASPID提供：i)比经典模型更深入的事后分析；Ii)基于目标主体特征、创新质量及其关系网络拓扑的创新扩散过程事前信息；Iii)由于创新可能失败，因此成功的概率。该模型的多功能性使其能够适应任何信息级别，从最聚合的到最详细的。给出了一些事前和事后的例子来支持这一贡献。

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引用次数: 0

On the coherence of composite indexes of well-being: Multiverse analysis for formative models of measurement 幸福感综合指数的一致性：测量形成模型的多元宇宙分析

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102314

Giulio Giacomo Cantone, Venera Tomaselli

Composite indexes are widely used in socio-economic research, yet methodological choices often affect their reliability, leading to variability in results and uncertainty in policy applications. This study applies Multiverse Analysis to systematically assess the robustness of the Italian Equitable and Sustainable Well-being system. 68 alternative specifications for a formative index are fitted. Results show that highly performing provinces exhibit significantly greater variability across the specifications, indicating that index-based assessments may be highly sensitive to methodological assumptions. The choice of aggregation function (e.g., arithmetic vs non-linear means) does not substantially impact uncertainty. However, techniques based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) inflate the uncertainty in the results, as predicted by authors who question the suitability of PCA for formative measurement.

综合指数广泛应用于社会经济研究，但方法选择往往影响其可靠性，导致结果的可变性和政策应用的不确定性。本研究应用多元宇宙分析系统评估意大利公平和可持续福利系统的稳健性。为形成性指数拟合了68个可选规格。结果表明，表现优异的省份表现出更大的差异，表明基于指数的评估可能对方法假设高度敏感。聚合函数的选择（例如，算术均值与非线性均值）不会对不确定性产生实质性影响。然而，基于主成分分析（PCA）的技术增加了结果的不确定性，正如质疑PCA对形成性测量的适用性的作者所预测的那样。

引用次数: 0

Efficiency evaluation of the forest sector in China: A meta-frontier DEA approach 中国森林部门效率评价：一种元前沿DEA方法

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102317

Dawei Wang , Feng Yang , Xiaoqi Zhang , Yu Sun

Evaluating forest resource performance supports sustainable development goals. Considering regional heterogeneity, this study develops an improved meta-frontier SBM model to assess forest performance. The improved meta-frontier SBM model effectively handles regional heterogeneity caused by differences in forest resource endowments and overcomes both the issue of infeasible targets and the problem of unreasonable technology gap ratio (TGR) values in non-radial meta-frontier approach, thus providing meaningful information (such as meta-efficiency, group efficiency, and TGR) to guide the development of effective policies to improve performance. This study's empirical results indicate that forest performance was not equalized among the provinces over the study period. Specifically, with some provinces, such as Chongqing consistently achieved the maximum group efficiency score of 1.000 and some consistently performing worse. In the two areas analyzed, non-forest rich areas demonstrated rapid technological improvement, with the TGR increasing from 0.639 in 2016 to 0.883 in 2020. Additionally, we found that the traditional TGR model underestimates the value of the technology gap in provinces compared to the proposed model. Finally, improvement strategies are proposed for inefficient provinces to enhance management efficiency and reduce regional technology gaps.

评价森林资源绩效有助于实现可持续发展目标。考虑区域异质性，本研究建立了一种改进的元前沿SBM模型来评估森林绩效。改进后的元前沿SBM模型有效地处理了森林资源禀赋差异引起的区域异质性，克服了非径向元前沿方法中目标不可行和技术差距比（TGR）值不合理的问题，为制定有效的绩效政策提供了有意义的信息（如元效率、群体效率和TGR）。本研究的实证结果表明，在研究期间，森林绩效在各省之间并不均衡。具体来说，一些省份，如重庆，一直达到最高的1000分，而一些省份一直表现较差。两区非森林富庶地区技术进步较快，TGR由2016年的0.639上升至2020年的0.883。此外，我们发现传统的TGR模型与本文提出的模型相比低估了各省技术差距的价值。最后，提出了效率低下省份的改进策略，以提高管理效率，缩小区域技术差距。

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引用次数: 0

An Innovative Approach to Efficiency Measurement: Combining Convexified Efficiency Analysis Trees and Data Envelopment Analysis to Benchmark U.S. Museums 效率测量的创新方法：结合凸化效率分析树和数据包络分析以基准美国博物馆

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102316

Juan Aparicio , José L. Zofío , Doug Noonan , Dylan Thompson , Joanna Woronkowicz

This study evaluates for the first time the efficiency of U.S. museums using a novel combination of Convexified Efficiency Analysis Trees (CEAT) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). While DEA is widely used for efficiency measurement, it suffers from overfitting and limited discriminatory power in high-dimensional datasets. CEAT addresses these issues by integrating machine-learning techniques with production theory, providing interpretable and robust benchmarks. By categorizing museums into clusters based on input-output profiles, the analysis reveals distinct efficiency patterns across museums of varying sizes and operational foci. The results highlight CEAT's superior ability to differentiate efficiency levels, offering actionable insights into input reductions and output increases for underperforming museums. Specifically, the analysis classifies museums into four clusters according to their size. The first three comprise the largest, medium-large and medium sized museums, while the last cluster constitutes a subtree including smaller museums. It is further divided into several branches according to specific inputs like limited or extensive program expenses (budgets), and short and long opening hours, respectively correlating with non-commercial versus market-oriented business models. Peer benchmarks identified within clusters further guide managerial strategies for improvement. The largest museums can improve efficiency by reducing opening hours or program expenses, while medium-size museums would benefit from reducing staff size and gallery space. As for relatively smaller museums in terms of visitors, besides opening hours, reducing total compensation would also result in greater efficiency. This shows that one-size-fits-all recommendations for museums’ efficiency improvement do not apply, adding diversity to the results obtained in previous literature.

本研究首次使用凸化效率分析树（CEAT）和数据包络分析（DEA）的新颖组合来评估美国博物馆的效率。虽然DEA被广泛用于效率度量，但它在高维数据集上存在过拟合和判别能力有限的问题。CEAT通过将机器学习技术与生产理论相结合来解决这些问题，提供可解释和健壮的基准。通过基于投入产出概况将博物馆分类为集群，分析揭示了不同规模和运营重点的博物馆之间不同的效率模式。结果突出了CEAT区分效率水平的卓越能力，为表现不佳的博物馆提供了减少投入和增加产出的可行见解。具体来说，该分析根据博物馆的规模将其分为四个集群。前三个集群包括最大的、中型的和中型的博物馆，而最后一个集群构成了一个子树，包括较小的博物馆。根据具体的投入，如有限或广泛的项目费用（预算），以及短和长的开放时间，它进一步分为几个分支，分别与非商业和市场导向的业务模式相关联。在集群内确定的同行基准进一步指导改进的管理战略。最大的博物馆可以通过减少开放时间或项目费用来提高效率，而中等规模的博物馆则可以通过减少员工人数和画廊空间来受益。对于参观者相对较少的博物馆，除了开放时间外，减少总补偿也会提高效率。这表明一刀切的博物馆效率提升建议并不适用，增加了以往文献结果的多样性。

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引用次数: 0