Socio-economic Planning Sciences最新文献_第7页

Assessing the resilience of water and wastewater utilities: A multi-criteria approach for Chile 评估水和污水处理设施的复原力：智利的多标准方法

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102340

Alexandros Maziotis , Maria Molinos-Senante

Ensuring the operational resilience of water and wastewater utilities (WWUs) is critical for safeguarding public health, environmental sustainability, and service continuity in the face of natural and human-induced hazards. This study develops an innovative Operational Resilience Index (ORI) to comprehensively assess WWU operational resilience from a regulatory perspective. The ORI integrates multiple resilience indicators across three key dimensions—service performance, asset management, and water security—using a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) approach, incorporating expert and stakeholder preferences through the Best-Worst Method (BWM). The methodology is applied to 29 WWUs in Chile, a country with high exposure to natural disasters. The weights assigned to resilience indicators indicate a preference for short-term service performance over long-term infrastructure resilience. The estimated ORI values range from 0.524 to 0.808, with the maximum achievable score being 1.000. It was evidenced that asset management represents the most critical area for improvement, indicating a need for regulatory incentives to promote infrastructure renewal. While no statistically significant differences in ORI scores were found based on WWU ownership structure (public, private, or concessioned), concessioned WWUs demonstrated statistically superior performance in asset management (p-value = 0.012), underscoring the need for targeted regulatory measures to strengthen this dimension in other ownership models The ORI provides a systematic benchmarking tool for regulators, enabling resilience-based performance assessments and targeted policy interventions.

在面对自然和人为危害时，确保水和废水公用事业的运行弹性对于保障公众健康、环境可持续性和服务连续性至关重要。本研究从监管的角度构建了一个创新的运营弹性指数（ORI），以全面评估WWU的运营弹性。ORI采用多标准决策分析（MCDA）方法整合了服务绩效、资产管理和水安全三个关键维度的多个弹性指标，并通过最佳-最差方法（BWM）结合了专家和利益相关者的偏好。该方法应用于智利的29个世界水单位，智利是一个自然灾害频发的国家。分配给弹性指标的权重表明，短期服务性能优于长期基础设施弹性。估计的ORI值范围为0.524 ~ 0.808，最大可实现分数为1.000。有证据表明，资产管理是最需要改进的领域，这表明需要采取监管激励措施来促进基础设施更新。虽然基于WWU所有权结构（公共、私人或特许）的ORI得分在统计上没有显著差异，但特许WWU在资产管理方面表现出统计上的优势（p值= 0.012），强调需要有针对性的监管措施来加强其他所有权模型中的这一维度。ORI为监管机构提供了系统的基准工具。实现基于弹性的绩效评估和有针对性的政策干预。

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引用次数: 0

A hybrid method combining three-way decision and DEA game cross-efficiency for procurement mode selection in contract farming 三向决策与DEA博弈交叉效率相结合的合同农业采购模式选择混合方法

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102336

Sen Liu , Rongrong Jiang , Ling Liu , Felix T.S. Chan

The order procurement mode in contract farming has facilitated the transformation of agriculture from small-scale production to large-scale, intensive production, thus promoting agricultural modernization. However, with the expansion of agricultural operations and increasing complexity of industrial chains, the applicability and flexibility of existing order procurement models face challenges. A single model can no longer cope with the changing production environment. Moreover, few rigorous decision-making tools exist for selecting the appropriate order procurement model. To address these issues, this study proposes a hybrid method combining three-way decision and DEA game cross-efficiency to help agricultural product distribution enterprises in optimizing their selection of order procurement modes. The method involves calculating decision-makers’ weights using cosine similarity based on T-spherical fuzzy sets, constructing a comprehensive evaluation matrix, and combining three-way decision theory with the DEA game cross-efficiency method. It estimates conditional probabilities, constructs a loss function matrix, and determines the probability threshold based on the game cross-efficiency results. Finally, the method's effectiveness is validated through three case studies of Group R, Enterprise H, and Enterprise K, with the comparative experiments further demonstrating the method's accuracy and effectiveness.

合同农业中的订单采购模式，促进了农业由小规模生产向规模化、集约化生产的转变，从而促进了农业现代化。然而，随着农业经营规模的扩大和产业链的日益复杂，现有订单采购模式的适用性和灵活性面临挑战。单一模型已无法应对不断变化的生产环境。此外，很少有严格的决策工具来选择合适的订单采购模式。针对这些问题，本文提出了一种三方决策与DEA博弈交叉效率相结合的混合方法，帮助农产品流通企业优化订单采购模式的选择。该方法采用基于t球模糊集的余弦相似度计算决策者权重，构建综合评价矩阵，将三向决策理论与DEA博弈交叉效率法相结合。它估计条件概率，构造损失函数矩阵，并根据博弈交叉效率结果确定概率阈值。最后，通过R集团、H企业和K企业三个案例验证了该方法的有效性，对比实验进一步验证了该方法的准确性和有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the effectiveness of recent pension reforms: The French experiment 评估近期养老金改革的有效性：法国的实验

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102335

Jorge Miguel Bravo , Mercedes Ayuso , Najat El Mekkaoui

Reforming public and private pension systems to address the challenges posed by population ageing and a range of economic, labour market, social, political, geopolitical, technological, legal, and regulatory shocks remains a major policy priority for many countries. A widely supported response has been to raise minimum and statutory retirement ages and restrict early exit pathways. These measures aim to boost labour force participation and employment among older individuals, stimulate potential GDP growth and consumption, ease pressure on social security systems, and improve public finances. However, it remains uncertain whether pension reforms alone can prevent a decline in the relative size of the labour force or ensure intergenerational fairness. This paper assesses the effectiveness of recent retirement age reforms in France in stabilising the old-age dependency ratio and securing long-term financial sustainability. It also examines whether these reforms promote intergenerational equity. The findings suggest that the reforms fall short of offsetting the projected decline in the labour force, achieving fairness across generations, and maintaining fiscal balance. The results underscore the need for a holistic and dynamic approach to retirement age policy design.

改革公共和私营养老金制度，以应对人口老龄化和一系列经济、劳动力市场、社会、政治、地缘政治、技术、法律和监管冲击带来的挑战，仍然是许多国家的主要政策重点。一个得到广泛支持的回应是提高最低退休年龄和法定退休年龄，并限制提前退出途径。这些措施旨在提高劳动力参与率和老年人就业率，刺激潜在的GDP增长和消费，缓解社会保障体系的压力，改善公共财政。然而，尚不确定仅靠养老金改革能否阻止劳动力相对规模的下降，或能否确保代际公平。本文评估了法国最近退休年龄改革在稳定老年抚养比和确保长期财务可持续性方面的有效性。它还考察了这些改革是否促进了代际公平。研究结果表明，这些改革无法抵消预计的劳动力减少、实现代际公平以及维持财政平衡。研究结果强调了对退休年龄政策设计采取全面和动态方法的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Knowledge and technology transfer in German universities: An exploratory study leveraging information from university websites 德国大学的知识和技术转移：利用大学网站信息的探索性研究

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102333

Torben Schubert , Denilton Darold , Henning Kroll

Despite the multidimensionality of knowledge and technology transfer (KTT), existing quantitative evaluations predominantly focus on a limited range of channels, often resulting from the availability of data rather than theoretical considerations. To address this gap, we leverage unstructured data from university websites to develop indicators that provide a comprehensive view of universities’ KTT activities. Applying large-language-transformers to scraped websites of German universities, we identify five distinct KTT dimensions: engagement in collaborative research consortia with industry, technical consulting activities, start-up activities, the development of regional tech transfer hubs, as well as technology transfer offices. Based on exploratory regression analyses, we find that the intensity of the type of KTT activities varies with the regional environment as well as university characteristics. Moreover, our regressions unveil a synergistic relationship between KTT and basic research, where this finding again seems to depend strongly on the type of KTT activity.

尽管知识和技术转让具有多方面，但现有的定量评价主要集中在有限范围的渠道上，往往是由于数据的可得性，而不是理论上的考虑。为了解决这一差距，我们利用大学网站上的非结构化数据来开发指标，提供大学KTT活动的全面视图。将大型语言转换器应用于德国大学的网站，我们确定了五个不同的KTT维度：与行业合作研究联盟的参与，技术咨询活动，启动活动，区域技术转移中心的发展，以及技术转移办公室。基于探索性回归分析，我们发现KTT活动类型的强度随区域环境和大学特点而变化。此外，我们的回归揭示了KTT和基础研究之间的协同关系，这一发现似乎再次强烈依赖于KTT活动的类型。

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引用次数: 0

Inclusive education and parental choice: How student characteristics affect school efficiency 全纳教育与家长选择：学生特征如何影响学校效率

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102337

Simona Ferraro , Kaire Põder , Triin Lauri

This paper investigates how inclusive education reforms intersect with parental choice to influence school efficiency in Estonia - a system that is formally comprehensive, but increasingly selective in practice, leading to quasi-market dynamics. Applying a two-stage double-bootstrap Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) on post-pandemic data from over 300 lower secondary schools, we assess how non-discretionary student characteristics (environmental variables), particularly special educational needs (SEN), parental income and immigration background, affect school-level efficiency. Our findings show that higher proportions of SEN students and students from low-income families are systematically associated with lower efficiency, especially in contexts where schools have no autonomy over admissions, such as neighbourhood schools. In contrast, oversubscribed or elite schools can afford to be selective, reinforcing reputational hierarchies and equity-harming quasi-market dynamics. By linking efficiency analysis with educational governance, we discuss how school market characteristics can easily jeopardise the inclusive education reform. Evidence shows that in a hybrid market, non-selective schools are worse positioned in terms of efficiency than selective schools.

本文研究了爱沙尼亚的全纳教育改革如何与家长选择交叉影响学校效率——这是一个正式全面的系统，但在实践中越来越有选择性，导致准市场动态。对来自300多所初中的大流行后数据采用两阶段双引导数据包膜分析（DEA），我们评估了非自由决定的学生特征（环境变量），特别是特殊教育需求（SEN）、父母收入和移民背景如何影响学校层面的效率。我们的研究结果表明，特殊教育学生和低收入家庭学生的比例越高，效率就越低，特别是在学校没有招生自主权的情况下，比如邻里学校。相比之下，超额认购的学校或精英学校可以选择，加强声誉等级和损害公平的准市场动态。通过将效率分析与教育治理联系起来，探讨了学校市场特征如何容易危及全纳教育改革。有证据表明，在混合型市场中，非精英学校的效率不如精英学校。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing public safety through integrated UAV and police patrols 通过集成无人机和警察巡逻加强公共安全

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102334

Shangyao Yan, Tsung-Hsun Hsieh, Yu-Chien Lai

The police departments in Taiwan have been facing a problem in recent years due to the shortage and aging of the police force. The government and research institutes have developed unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with higher endurance, combined with advanced key technologies, to support police patrols under the concept of the “Aerial Police Vehicle”. This development aims to reduce the workload of the police and make it possible to conduct police patrols in the future by using a combination of police vehicles and UAVs. Given the characteristics of police vehicles and UAVs, this study adopts the time-space network technique, incorporates relevant operational constraints, and adopts the objective of maximizing crime coverage rates to develop the routing and scheduling model for combined UAV-police vehicle patrols. Additionally, this study proposes a heuristic algorithm that utilizes a decomposition technique of patrol resources to efficiently solve this complex problem. The performance of the proposed algorithm was evaluated using a case study created from practical data from a police department in Taiwan, demonstrating that for a large-scale problem with 9 police stations and 91 patrol points, the proposed algorithm achieved a solution with an objective value of 906 for the maximized cumulative crime coverage rate in approximately 884 s, while a commercial solver (CPLEX) failed to find a feasible solution within a time limit of 28,800 s. The recommendations based on the sensitivity and scenario analysis results can be used as a reference for decision-makers to gradually replace police vehicles with UAVs in the future.

近年来，由于警力短缺和老龄化，台湾的警察部门一直面临着一个问题。在“空中警车”的概念下，政府和研究机构开发了具有更高续航力的无人驾驶飞行器（uav），结合先进的关键技术，以支持警察巡逻。这一发展旨在减少警察的工作量，并使未来通过使用警车和无人机的组合进行警察巡逻成为可能。针对警车和无人机的特点，采用时空网络技术，结合相关操作约束，以犯罪覆盖率最大化为目标，建立了无人机-警车联合巡逻的路径调度模型。此外，本研究提出一种启发式演算法，利用巡逻资源分解技术来有效解决这个复杂的问题。以台湾某警察部门的实际数据为例，对所提出算法的性能进行了评估，结果表明，对于具有9个警察局和91个巡逻点的大规模问题，所提出的算法在大约884秒内获得了最大累积犯罪覆盖率的客观值为906的解，而商业求解器（CPLEX）未能在28800秒的时间限制内找到可行的解。基于灵敏度和场景分析结果的建议，可作为决策者在未来逐步用无人机取代警车的参考。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-period capacity utilization measurement using a TOPSIS-DEA approach: A case study of the forestry industry 基于TOPSIS-DEA方法的多期产能利用率测度：以林业为例

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102332

Yan Huang , Hanting Yu , Jiawei Wang , Meiling Li

Excess capacity has emerged as a global challenge, limiting resource allocation efficiency and hindering sustainable industrial development. Accurate measurement of capacity utilization (CU) is therefore essential. To meet this need, we propose a new multi-period CU measurement model that integrates the TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) and DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) approaches. The model first constructs positive and negative production possibility sets, integrating the best and worst production states of decision-making units (DMUs) across periods. Using duality theory and multi-objective programming theory, Pareto optimality is proven to be equivalent to DEA efficiency in these sets. This equivalence serves as a foundation for defining benchmarks and ensures their scientific validity. Building on this foundation, positive and negative CU measurement models are developed, integrating the TOPSIS concept of relative closeness to construct a composite CU indicator. To demonstrate its applicability, the model is implemented using forestry sector data from 31 Chinese provinces for the period 2011–2020 and benchmarked against traditional methods. The results show that the efficiency evaluation based on the benchmark improves ranking reliability and allows comparisons across periods. Furthermore, the new CU indicator captures both positive and negative adjustment needs of DMUs, providing a more comprehensive and objective assessment of CU. This study provides a more precise quantitative tool for capacity regulation, offering important theoretical and practical implications for promoting industrial restructuring and sustainable development.

产能过剩已经成为一个全球性的挑战，它限制了资源配置效率，阻碍了工业的可持续发展。因此，准确测量容量利用率（CU）是必要的。为了满足这一需求，我们提出了一种新的多周期CU测量模型，该模型集成了TOPSIS （Order Preference Technique for Order Preference by Similarity To Ideal Solution）和DEA （Data Envelopment Analysis）方法。该模型首先构建正生产可能性集和负生产可能性集，整合决策单元（dmu）在不同时期的最佳和最差生产状态。利用对偶理论和多目标规划理论，证明了Pareto最优等价于DEA效率。这种等效性是定义基准的基础，并确保其科学有效性。在此基础上，建立了正、负CU测量模型，并结合TOPSIS相对接近度概念构建了一个复合CU指标。为了证明该模型的适用性，我们使用了中国31个省份2011-2020年的林业部门数据，并以传统方法为基准进行了验证。结果表明，基于基准的效率评估提高了排名的可靠性，并允许跨时期的比较。此外，新的CU指标同时反映了dmu的正调整和负调整需求，为CU提供了更全面和客观的评估。本研究为产能调控提供了更为精准的量化工具，对促进产业结构调整和可持续发展具有重要的理论和实践意义。

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引用次数: 0

Impact mechanism and contribution measurement of digital transformation on scale expansion of Chinese enterprises 数字化转型对中国企业规模扩张的影响机制及贡献测度

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102331

Meng Tian , Yiwei Wang , Lei Han , Zhuowen Yang

Accelerating digital transformation (DT) and facilitating reasonable enterprise scale expansion (ESE) is critical for integrating the digital and traditional economies. This paper examines the scale expansion characteristics of Chinese A-share listed enterprises and constructs a “two-level, four-category” cost model to analyze the theoretical relationship between DT and ESE. The findings reveal that DT significantly promotes the asymmetrical expansion of the enterprise employee and revenue scales, with revenue scale expansion being more prominent. Heterogeneity tests show that DT has a stronger impact on large enterprises, non-high-tech enterprises, and those in developed regions, leading to increased scale differentiation. Mechanism and economic consequence analysis highlight that DT reduces external transaction costs, facilitating ESE, while enhanced market share improves production efficiency. This paper provides theoretical and empirical insights into evolving corporate growth patterns in the digital economy and suggests policy recommendations for leveraging digital transformation to promote employment growth.

加快数字化转型，促进企业规模合理扩张，对数字经济与传统经济的融合至关重要。本文考察了中国a股上市企业的规模扩张特征，构建了“两层四类”成本模型，分析了DT与ESE之间的理论关系。研究发现，DT显著促进了企业员工规模和收入规模的不对称扩张，其中收入规模扩张更为突出。异质性检验表明，DT对大型企业、非高新技术企业和发达地区企业的影响更大，导致规模分化加剧。机制和经济后果分析表明，DT降低了外部交易成本，促进了ESE，而市场份额的提高提高了生产效率。本文对数字经济中不断变化的企业增长模式提供了理论和实证见解，并提出了利用数字化转型促进就业增长的政策建议。

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引用次数: 0

Resolving stakeholder conflicts in high-speed railway route planning: An overlapping network and evolutionary game approach 解决高速铁路线路规划中的利益相关者冲突：一个重叠网络和进化博弈方法

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102330

Fengting Zhang , Pengcheng Xiang , Dan Wang , Jiafu Su

The planning of high-speed railway corridors in ecologically sensitive areas faces significant challenges. Stakeholder conflicts arising from multi-objective conflict often induce decision-making impasses and project delays. Effectively identifying pivotal decision makers and facilitating consensus constitutes a critical challenge. This study first applied the Lancichinetti–Fortunato method to stakeholder relationship networks, detecting overlapping communities that revealed two distinct decision-maker categories: overlapping and non-overlapping decision makers. Subsequently, the most conflicted subgroup pairs and decision-maker dyads were identified using decision maker weights and community weights. To resolve decision conflicts during the consensus-building, a two-party evolutionary game model was constructed to examine strategic interactions between overlapping and conflicting decision makers. Finally, a consensus adjustment method based on the decision makers of the largest conflict is proposed to determine the final solution choice. Sensitivity analysis of the evolutionary game revealed that public attention significantly drives strategic shifts for both overlapping decision makers and conflicting decision makers. In contrast, moral hazard losses only regulate strategy evolution speed without altering direction. Additionally, the conflict intensity between construction and ecological spaces exerts opposing regulatory effects on the two groups’ strategic choices. This study provides theoretical foundations for managing non-cooperative behavior and achieving consensus equilibrium among heterogeneous subgroups.

生态敏感区高速铁路廊道规划面临重大挑战。多目标冲突引发的干系人冲突往往会导致决策陷入僵局和项目延误。有效地确定关键决策者和促进协商一致是一项重大挑战。本研究首先将Lancichinetti-Fortunato方法应用于利益相关者关系网络，发现重叠社区揭示了两种不同的决策者类别：重叠决策者和非重叠决策者。随后，使用决策者权重和社区权重确定冲突最严重的子群体对和决策者二对。为了解决共识构建过程中的决策冲突，本文构建了一个两方演化博弈模型来考察重叠和冲突的决策者之间的战略互动。最后，提出了一种基于最大冲突的决策者共识调整方法来确定最终的解决方案选择。进化博弈的敏感性分析表明，公众关注对重叠和冲突决策者的战略转移都有显著的驱动作用。相反，道德风险损失只调节策略演化的速度，而不改变策略演化的方向。此外，建筑与生态空间的冲突强度对两个群体的战略选择产生了相反的调节作用。本研究为管理非合作行为和实现异质子群体间的共识均衡提供了理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

SLEP-less in Santiago: The effect of local educational services in Chile 圣地亚哥的睡眠不足：智利当地教育服务的影响

IF 5.4 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Socio-economic Planning Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.seps.2025.102329

Rómulo A. Chumacero , Leonardo Letelier S

This paper presents a newly conducted evaluation of a reform to the educational system in Chile, implemented in 2018. The reform created school districts known as Local Education Services (SLEP), marking a shift away from the decentralized spirit of the voucher system instituted in 1981. We conduct several econometric exercises to evaluate its effects on standardized test scores (SIMCE) taken by 4th-grade students. The results consistently show no significant effect. Robustness checks—including the inclusion of covariates, changes in control group composition, and tests of the parallel trends assumption—confirm the validity of these findings. We extend the analysis to 8th- and 10th-grade students and obtain similar results. Taken together, the evidence indicates that the SLEP reform has not led to measurable improvements in academic achievement.

本文介绍了对2018年实施的智利教育体系改革的最新评估。这项改革创建了被称为地方教育服务（SLEP）的学区，标志着1981年建立的代金券制度的分散精神的转变。我们进行了几个计量经济学练习来评估其对四年级学生标准化考试成绩（SIMCE）的影响。结果一致显示无显著效果。稳健性检查——包括协变量的纳入、对照组组成的变化和平行趋势假设的检验——证实了这些发现的有效性。我们将分析扩展到八年级和十年级的学生，得到了类似的结果。综上所述，有证据表明，SLEP改革并没有导致学业成绩的显著提高。

引用次数: 0