Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.53063/synsint.2023.31139
S. Azizi
Machine learning (ML) is a fast-growing field that has vast applications in different areas and sintering has had no exemption from that. In this paper, the application of ML methods in sintering of the various materials has been reviewed. Based on our review, it was used to optimize the sintering process and improve the characteristics of the final product. For instance, a supervised learning algorithm was used to predict the temperature and time based on the raw material properties and the desired properties of the final product in sintering. Among all ML methods, k-nearest neighbor (k-NN), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), regression analysis (RA), and artificial neural networks (ANN) had great applications in the sintering field. There are a limited number of papers that used deep learning in sintering. In conclusion, ML methods can be used to optimize sintering process in energy, cost and time.
{"title":"Recent advances in machine learning algorithms for sintering processes","authors":"S. Azizi","doi":"10.53063/synsint.2023.31139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53063/synsint.2023.31139","url":null,"abstract":"Machine learning (ML) is a fast-growing field that has vast applications in different areas and sintering has had no exemption from that. In this paper, the application of ML methods in sintering of the various materials has been reviewed. Based on our review, it was used to optimize the sintering process and improve the characteristics of the final product. For instance, a supervised learning algorithm was used to predict the temperature and time based on the raw material properties and the desired properties of the final product in sintering. Among all ML methods, k-nearest neighbor (k-NN), random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), regression analysis (RA), and artificial neural networks (ANN) had great applications in the sintering field. There are a limited number of papers that used deep learning in sintering. In conclusion, ML methods can be used to optimize sintering process in energy, cost and time. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":22113,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis and Sintering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91259383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-17DOI: 10.53063/synsint.2023.31141
Banafsheh Zarabian, B. Eftekhari Yekta, S. Banijamali
In this research, glass-ceramics belonging to the system of Li2O-TiO2-P2O5 were prepared by the addition of different amounts of B2O3. The glass formation ability of the starting glass materials along with the crystallization trend as well as ionic conductivity of the corresponding glass-ceramics were also examined. Starting glasses were obtained through the melt quenching technique and glass-ceramics specimens were prepared through one-step heat treatment. The glass-ceramic samples were then examined through X-ray diffractometry, differential thermal analysis, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. According to the obtained results, the addition of a 2.5 mole% of B2O3 to the glass composition led to a sharp increase in ionic conductivity at room temperature. So that the bulk conductivity of the specimen heat treated at 950 °C for 2 h was measured to be 1.17 × 10-3 Scm-1, which was 10 times bigger than that of the base glass-ceramic with no additive. It also decreased the crystallization temperature and viscosity of the parent glass, resulting in increased crystallinity while further addition of B2O3 drained the conductivity and crystallinity of glass-ceramics.
{"title":"Crystallization behavior and ionic conductivity of NASICON type glass-ceramics containing different amounts of B2O3","authors":"Banafsheh Zarabian, B. Eftekhari Yekta, S. Banijamali","doi":"10.53063/synsint.2023.31141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53063/synsint.2023.31141","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, glass-ceramics belonging to the system of Li2O-TiO2-P2O5 were prepared by the addition of different amounts of B2O3. The glass formation ability of the starting glass materials along with the crystallization trend as well as ionic conductivity of the corresponding glass-ceramics were also examined. Starting glasses were obtained through the melt quenching technique and glass-ceramics specimens were prepared through one-step heat treatment. The glass-ceramic samples were then examined through X-ray diffractometry, differential thermal analysis, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. According to the obtained results, the addition of a 2.5 mole% of B2O3 to the glass composition led to a sharp increase in ionic conductivity at room temperature. So that the bulk conductivity of the specimen heat treated at 950 °C for 2 h was measured to be 1.17 × 10-3 Scm-1, which was 10 times bigger than that of the base glass-ceramic with no additive. It also decreased the crystallization temperature and viscosity of the parent glass, resulting in increased crystallinity while further addition of B2O3 drained the conductivity and crystallinity of glass-ceramics.","PeriodicalId":22113,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis and Sintering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86439813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.53063/synsint.2023.31138
M. Kashif, Maki Habib, M. A. Rafiq, Moaz Waqar, M. A. Hussain, Ayesha Iqbal, Mehboobhusain Abbasi, Shaukat Saeed
The classical system of combining modern perovskite and wurtzite structure semiconductor materials is used to model the internal structure for the applications of functional novel electronic devices. The structure-property relation has a significant impact on the properties of metal oxides-based functional ceramics. The structural and electrical properties of SrTiO3-xZnO (0 ≤x≤ 10 wt%) ceramics produced via solid-state reaction (SSR) were thoroughly examined. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the presence of a mono-phase cubic structure with Pm3̅m space group and resulted in increased density respectively. Complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) was carried out from 300 to 500 °C temperature within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 1 MHz to study the contribution of grain bulk and grain boundary for impedance behavior. Grain boundaries dominated the overall resistance of the samples and the addition of ZnO in SrTiO3 caused an increase in the overall conductivity. Increasing temperature decreases the resistance of both components, and at higher frequencies that confirms the negative temperature coefficient resistance (NTCR) behavior of the samples. Increasing temperature decreases the relaxation of grain bulk and grain boundary thus predicting the hopping conduction mechanism. The results will be helpful to engineer the microstructure of SrTiO3 based on practical applications such as sensors, actuators, and energy devices.
{"title":"Synthesis and sintering of SrTiO3–ZnO ceramics: Role of ZnO content on microstructure and dielectric properties","authors":"M. Kashif, Maki Habib, M. A. Rafiq, Moaz Waqar, M. A. Hussain, Ayesha Iqbal, Mehboobhusain Abbasi, Shaukat Saeed","doi":"10.53063/synsint.2023.31138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53063/synsint.2023.31138","url":null,"abstract":"The classical system of combining modern perovskite and wurtzite structure semiconductor materials is used to model the internal structure for the applications of functional novel electronic devices. The structure-property relation has a significant impact on the properties of metal oxides-based functional ceramics. The structural and electrical properties of SrTiO3-xZnO (0 ≤x≤ 10 wt%) ceramics produced via solid-state reaction (SSR) were thoroughly examined. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the presence of a mono-phase cubic structure with Pm3̅m space group and resulted in increased density respectively. Complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) was carried out from 300 to 500 °C temperature within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 1 MHz to study the contribution of grain bulk and grain boundary for impedance behavior. Grain boundaries dominated the overall resistance of the samples and the addition of ZnO in SrTiO3 caused an increase in the overall conductivity. Increasing temperature decreases the resistance of both components, and at higher frequencies that confirms the negative temperature coefficient resistance (NTCR) behavior of the samples. Increasing temperature decreases the relaxation of grain bulk and grain boundary thus predicting the hopping conduction mechanism. The results will be helpful to engineer the microstructure of SrTiO3 based on practical applications such as sensors, actuators, and energy devices.","PeriodicalId":22113,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis and Sintering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85254473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.53063/synsint.2022.24136
Zahra Shamohammadi Ghahsareh, M. Rezvani
The purpose of the present work is to highlight the role of CaO and B2O3 additives on the crystallization behavior and microstructural properties of stoichiometric cordierite glass-ceramics using differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Vickers micro-hardness and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the presence of B2O3 and CaO in the initial glass led to the precipitation of only one exothermic peak (α-cordierite: Mg2Al4Si5O18). During the heat treatment process, the presence of calcium oxide favors crystallization of anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8) besides α-cordierite phase. It is worth mentioning that, CaO and B2O3 additives strongly encourage the formation of α-cordierite and have the opposite effect on the crystallization of μ-cordierite. In order to determine the effect of crystallization and B2O3 and CaO additives on the hardness of specimens, the micro-hardness measurement of glasses and glass-ceramics shows that the glass-ceramic containing CaO (MAS5C) exhibits the highest micro-hardness value, which depends on the high crystallinity value in this specimen.
{"title":"Crystallization behavior and structural evaluation of cordierite base glass-ceramic in the presence of CaO and B2O3 additives","authors":"Zahra Shamohammadi Ghahsareh, M. Rezvani","doi":"10.53063/synsint.2022.24136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53063/synsint.2022.24136","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present work is to highlight the role of CaO and B2O3 additives on the crystallization behavior and microstructural properties of stoichiometric cordierite glass-ceramics using differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Vickers micro-hardness and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the presence of B2O3 and CaO in the initial glass led to the precipitation of only one exothermic peak (α-cordierite: Mg2Al4Si5O18). During the heat treatment process, the presence of calcium oxide favors crystallization of anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8) besides α-cordierite phase. It is worth mentioning that, CaO and B2O3 additives strongly encourage the formation of α-cordierite and have the opposite effect on the crystallization of μ-cordierite. In order to determine the effect of crystallization and B2O3 and CaO additives on the hardness of specimens, the micro-hardness measurement of glasses and glass-ceramics shows that the glass-ceramic containing CaO (MAS5C) exhibits the highest micro-hardness value, which depends on the high crystallinity value in this specimen.","PeriodicalId":22113,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis and Sintering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76805307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.53063/synsint.2022.24134
Mohsen Ghasilzadeh Jarvand, Z. Balak
Considering the importance and application of ultrahigh temperature ceramics in oxidizing environments, in this research, the effect of ZrC content and spark plasma sintering parameters (temperature, time and pressure) on the oxidation response of ZrB2–SiC composites has been investigated. After fabricating the ternary composite samples in different SPS conditions and with different amounts of ZrC, the post-sintering oxidation process was carried out in a box furnace at the temperature of 1400 °C. Increasing the time and temperature of the SPS process caused the decrease in the oxidation resistance of the samples. The reason for such observations was attributed to the extreme growth of grains with increasing the temperature and time of the sintering process despite the better densification of the samples. This research did not reach a clear result about the effect of SPS pressure on composites oxidation behavior. Increasing the amount of ZrC also did not have a positive effect on the oxidation resistance of the samples because this phase itself undergoes oxidation at low temperatures.
{"title":"Oxidation response of ZrB2–SiC–ZrC composites prepared by spark plasma sintering","authors":"Mohsen Ghasilzadeh Jarvand, Z. Balak","doi":"10.53063/synsint.2022.24134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53063/synsint.2022.24134","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the importance and application of ultrahigh temperature ceramics in oxidizing environments, in this research, the effect of ZrC content and spark plasma sintering parameters (temperature, time and pressure) on the oxidation response of ZrB2–SiC composites has been investigated. After fabricating the ternary composite samples in different SPS conditions and with different amounts of ZrC, the post-sintering oxidation process was carried out in a box furnace at the temperature of 1400 °C. Increasing the time and temperature of the SPS process caused the decrease in the oxidation resistance of the samples. The reason for such observations was attributed to the extreme growth of grains with increasing the temperature and time of the sintering process despite the better densification of the samples. This research did not reach a clear result about the effect of SPS pressure on composites oxidation behavior. Increasing the amount of ZrC also did not have a positive effect on the oxidation resistance of the samples because this phase itself undergoes oxidation at low temperatures.","PeriodicalId":22113,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis and Sintering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87355203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.53063/synsint.2022.2475
Farrokhfar Valizadeh Harzand, Sahar Anzani, A. Babapoor
A ceramic material designed for ultra-high temperatures (UHTCs) generally comprised of nitrides, carbides, and borides derived from transition metal elements, with a particular focuson compounds belonging to TaC and Group IVB (Hf and Zr). Hypersonic vehicle nozzles andengine components can take advantage of the unique characteristics of these materials. A broadrange of coatings and composites based on UHTC is currently being developed to conquer theinherent fragility, weak thermal shock resistance, and brittleness of bulk ceramics. Ultra-hightemperature materials with high entropy have gained considerable attention in recent years. Areview of the current state of the art of UHTC composites and coatings will be provided in thisreport. Properties and processing approaches to achieve the microstructure will be discussedfurther.
{"title":"Recent advances in synthesis of ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composites","authors":"Farrokhfar Valizadeh Harzand, Sahar Anzani, A. Babapoor","doi":"10.53063/synsint.2022.2475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53063/synsint.2022.2475","url":null,"abstract":"A ceramic material designed for ultra-high temperatures (UHTCs) generally comprised of nitrides, carbides, and borides derived from transition metal elements, with a particular focuson compounds belonging to TaC and Group IVB (Hf and Zr). Hypersonic vehicle nozzles andengine components can take advantage of the unique characteristics of these materials. A broadrange of coatings and composites based on UHTC is currently being developed to conquer theinherent fragility, weak thermal shock resistance, and brittleness of bulk ceramics. Ultra-hightemperature materials with high entropy have gained considerable attention in recent years. Areview of the current state of the art of UHTC composites and coatings will be provided in thisreport. Properties and processing approaches to achieve the microstructure will be discussedfurther.","PeriodicalId":22113,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis and Sintering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85302274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.53063/synsint.2022.24126
Milad Sakkaki, S. M. Arab
The g-C3N4 which is well known as a polymeric non-metal semiconductor, has been fabricated by thermal polymerization. It has also been used in catalytic applications including, photo-catalysis, removal and degradation of pollutants in water, Friedel-Crafts reactions, oxygen reduction reaction and etc. It has drawn noticeable research attention due to its economical and affordable fabrication, non-toxicity, biocompatibility, good thermal and electrical conductivity, high hardness, Corrosion resistance, and fireproofing properties. Therefore, the g-C3N4 has found non-catalytic applications including composites, cutting tools, improving surface properties, light emitting devices, optical sensors, and solar cells. In the current review, the novel and non-catalytic applications of g-C3N4 have been highlighted.
{"title":"Non-catalytic applications of g-C3N4: A brief review","authors":"Milad Sakkaki, S. M. Arab","doi":"10.53063/synsint.2022.24126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53063/synsint.2022.24126","url":null,"abstract":"The g-C3N4 which is well known as a polymeric non-metal semiconductor, has been fabricated by thermal polymerization. It has also been used in catalytic applications including, photo-catalysis, removal and degradation of pollutants in water, Friedel-Crafts reactions, oxygen reduction reaction and etc. It has drawn noticeable research attention due to its economical and affordable fabrication, non-toxicity, biocompatibility, good thermal and electrical conductivity, high hardness, Corrosion resistance, and fireproofing properties. Therefore, the g-C3N4 has found non-catalytic applications including composites, cutting tools, improving surface properties, light emitting devices, optical sensors, and solar cells. In the current review, the novel and non-catalytic applications of g-C3N4 have been highlighted.","PeriodicalId":22113,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis and Sintering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83716611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.53063/synsint.2022.24131
Seyed Faridaddin Feiz, L. Nikzad, H. Majidian, E. Salahi
In this research, the effects of synthesis temperature, holding time, and furnace atmosphere on the synthesizability of B4C ceramics using glucose and boric acid as the starting materials were scrutinized. Three temperatures of 1300, 1400, and 1500 °C were selected as synthesis temperatures. The synthesis process was carried out in a tubular furnace for 4 h in Ar atmosphere. To scrutinize the interactive effect of synthesis temperature and holding time, three samples were synthesized at 1500, 1400, and 1300 °C for 4, 8, and 12 h, respectively. Moreover, two types of controlled atmospheres, traditional Ar and an innovative CO/CO2 setup, were considered to optimize the synthesis process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were employed to determine the optimum synthesis temperature and atmosphere based on the detection of B4C peaks as the desired product and undesirable hydrocarbon and carbon byproducts. The results showed that B4C synthesized at 1500 °C for 4 h in Ar atmosphere contained the least byproduct impurities, so this temperature was chosen as the optimal choice. However, the sample fabricated at 1400 °C for 8 h is a good choice in cases where lower manufacturing temperatures are desired. The efficiency of the innovative setup was similar to the traditional one; therefore, considering the economic aspects, the CO/CO2 atmosphere was chosen as an acceptable option for B4C synthesis.
{"title":"Synthesizability improvement of B4C ceramics by optimizing the process temperature and atmosphere","authors":"Seyed Faridaddin Feiz, L. Nikzad, H. Majidian, E. Salahi","doi":"10.53063/synsint.2022.24131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53063/synsint.2022.24131","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, the effects of synthesis temperature, holding time, and furnace atmosphere on the synthesizability of B4C ceramics using glucose and boric acid as the starting materials were scrutinized. Three temperatures of 1300, 1400, and 1500 °C were selected as synthesis temperatures. The synthesis process was carried out in a tubular furnace for 4 h in Ar atmosphere. To scrutinize the interactive effect of synthesis temperature and holding time, three samples were synthesized at 1500, 1400, and 1300 °C for 4, 8, and 12 h, respectively. Moreover, two types of controlled atmospheres, traditional Ar and an innovative CO/CO2 setup, were considered to optimize the synthesis process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were employed to determine the optimum synthesis temperature and atmosphere based on the detection of B4C peaks as the desired product and undesirable hydrocarbon and carbon byproducts. The results showed that B4C synthesized at 1500 °C for 4 h in Ar atmosphere contained the least byproduct impurities, so this temperature was chosen as the optimal choice. However, the sample fabricated at 1400 °C for 8 h is a good choice in cases where lower manufacturing temperatures are desired. The efficiency of the innovative setup was similar to the traditional one; therefore, considering the economic aspects, the CO/CO2 atmosphere was chosen as an acceptable option for B4C synthesis.","PeriodicalId":22113,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis and Sintering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78895457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.53063/synsint.2022.24135
S. Ahmadi
In this research the solid solution YAlO3 perovskite powder (YAP) was successfully synthesized by co-precipitation route. Co-precipitation synthesis is simple and inexpensive method which capable to produced more homogeneous powders. In the first step, effect of various mineralizers on YAlO3 formation has been investigated, which resulted in decrease of the formation temperature down to 1200 °C. In the next step, effect of the pH in synthesis procedure and also calcination time and temperature has been studied. Later, the optimum condition for synthesis of single-phase YAP was determined. The obtained powders have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as ICP analysis. Results show that the most appropriate mineralizer system for the formation of YAlO3 perovskite was NaF:MgF2:Li2CO3 (3:2:1 by weight). Additionally, orthorhombic YAP powders were successfully synthesized in pH=9. Calcination at 1200°C for 4 h was the best condition for preparation single phase Aluminum-Yttrium perovskite crystals.
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of aluminum-yttrium perovskite powder using a co-precipitation technique","authors":"S. Ahmadi","doi":"10.53063/synsint.2022.24135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53063/synsint.2022.24135","url":null,"abstract":"In this research the solid solution YAlO3 perovskite powder (YAP) was successfully synthesized by co-precipitation route. Co-precipitation synthesis is simple and inexpensive method which capable to produced more homogeneous powders. \u0000In the first step, effect of various mineralizers on YAlO3 formation has been investigated, which resulted in decrease of the formation temperature down to 1200 °C. In the next step, effect of the pH in synthesis procedure and also calcination time and temperature has been studied. Later, the optimum condition for synthesis of single-phase YAP was determined. \u0000The obtained powders have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as ICP analysis. \u0000Results show that the most appropriate mineralizer system for the formation of YAlO3 perovskite was NaF:MgF2:Li2CO3 (3:2:1 by weight). Additionally, orthorhombic YAP powders were successfully synthesized in pH=9. Calcination at 1200°C for 4 h was the best condition for preparation single phase Aluminum-Yttrium perovskite crystals.","PeriodicalId":22113,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis and Sintering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90776974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-25DOI: 10.53063/synsint.2022.24121
Asieh Akhoondi, M. Mirzaei, M. Nassar, Z. Sabaghian, Farshid Hatami, M. Yusuf
In recent years, g-C3N4@MXene photocatalysts have received much attention due to their special composition and excellent properties. MXenes consisting of transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides derived from the MAX phase are used as cocatalysts or g-C3N4 (GCN) supporting composites in a variety of photocatalytic processes that accelerate the separation of charge carriers with their heterojunction structure. In addition to the high ability of g-C3N4@MXene nanocomposite to absorb light, it has high photocorrosion resistance in the processes of hydrogen evolution, wastewater treatment, nitrogen fixation, NO treatment, and oxidation and reduction photoreactions. In this review, the latest developments and new technologies for the manufacture and application of noble metal-free g-C3N4@MXene nanocomposite have been discussed and the future perspective has been drawn to deal with challenges related to energy and the environment.
{"title":"New strategies in the preparation of binary g-C3N4/MXene composites for visible-light-driven photocatalytic applications","authors":"Asieh Akhoondi, M. Mirzaei, M. Nassar, Z. Sabaghian, Farshid Hatami, M. Yusuf","doi":"10.53063/synsint.2022.24121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53063/synsint.2022.24121","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, g-C3N4@MXene photocatalysts have received much attention due to their special composition and excellent properties. MXenes consisting of transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides derived from the MAX phase are used as cocatalysts or g-C3N4 (GCN) supporting composites in a variety of photocatalytic processes that accelerate the separation of charge carriers with their heterojunction structure. In addition to the high ability of g-C3N4@MXene nanocomposite to absorb light, it has high photocorrosion resistance in the processes of hydrogen evolution, wastewater treatment, nitrogen fixation, NO treatment, and oxidation and reduction photoreactions. In this review, the latest developments and new technologies for the manufacture and application of noble metal-free g-C3N4@MXene nanocomposite have been discussed and the future perspective has been drawn to deal with challenges related to energy and the environment.","PeriodicalId":22113,"journal":{"name":"Synthesis and Sintering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75080250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：