Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781570
Sihang Ma, A. Dahiya, Adamos Christou, R. Dahiya
Resource-efficient manufacturing of electronics is needed to reduce the environmental impact of wasteful conventional electronic fabrication processes. This paper presents a resource-efficient printed electronics route for the fabrication of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowire (NW) based high performance photodetectors (PDs). The all-printed devices are realised with high-quality as-grown ZnO NWs integrated onto flexible polyimide substrates using a contact printing method. An optimised high-resolution extrusion printer is employed to define the sensing channel (~15µm) using high viscosity silver (Ag) nanoparticle paste (>100,000 cP). The miniaturised all-printed PDs on PI substrates exhibit high-performance for UV detection with extremely high responsivity (~3 ×107 A/W), specific detectivity (~1017 jones), photoconductive gain (~108), external quantum efficiency (~1010 %) and Ilight/Idark ratio (~103). The presented work demonstrates a potential route for next-generation of sustainable electronics manufacturing, which is needed to alleviate the problem of chemical-wastage while retaining the transformative power of electronics.
{"title":"All-printed ZnO nanowire based high performance photodetectors","authors":"Sihang Ma, A. Dahiya, Adamos Christou, R. Dahiya","doi":"10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781570","url":null,"abstract":"Resource-efficient manufacturing of electronics is needed to reduce the environmental impact of wasteful conventional electronic fabrication processes. This paper presents a resource-efficient printed electronics route for the fabrication of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowire (NW) based high performance photodetectors (PDs). The all-printed devices are realised with high-quality as-grown ZnO NWs integrated onto flexible polyimide substrates using a contact printing method. An optimised high-resolution extrusion printer is employed to define the sensing channel (~15µm) using high viscosity silver (Ag) nanoparticle paste (>100,000 cP). The miniaturised all-printed PDs on PI substrates exhibit high-performance for UV detection with extremely high responsivity (~3 ×107 A/W), specific detectivity (~1017 jones), photoconductive gain (~108), external quantum efficiency (~1010 %) and Ilight/Idark ratio (~103). The presented work demonstrates a potential route for next-generation of sustainable electronics manufacturing, which is needed to alleviate the problem of chemical-wastage while retaining the transformative power of electronics.","PeriodicalId":221424,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS)","volume":"233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115610101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781483
João Neto, A. Dahiya, R. Dahiya
Nanowires (NWs) based sensors have been explored extensively to measure various physical, chemical, and biological parameters as their large surface-to-volume ratio leads to sensitive devices. Further, these sensors can be developed on ultra-flexible substrates. However, often their performance degrades under mechanical bending or when they are exposed to the ambient environment. This could be prevented with suitable encapsulation in most types of the sensors, except the one for temperature sensing where the encapsulation could reduce the efficiency of heat transfer. Addressing this issue, we present here vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) NWs based temperature sensors with nanosilica/epoxy (NS/epoxy) based encapsulation layer. The encapsulation layer is deposited with high resolution electrohydrodynamic printing. The comparison of non-encapsulated and encapsulated devices shows a robust and reliable temperature sensing performance from the later. This study shows how the sensing performance can be preserved and the lifetime of flexible sensors elongated by using an encapsulation layer.
{"title":"Influence of Encapsulation on the Performance of V2O5 Nanowires-Based Temperature Sensors","authors":"João Neto, A. Dahiya, R. Dahiya","doi":"10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781483","url":null,"abstract":"Nanowires (NWs) based sensors have been explored extensively to measure various physical, chemical, and biological parameters as their large surface-to-volume ratio leads to sensitive devices. Further, these sensors can be developed on ultra-flexible substrates. However, often their performance degrades under mechanical bending or when they are exposed to the ambient environment. This could be prevented with suitable encapsulation in most types of the sensors, except the one for temperature sensing where the encapsulation could reduce the efficiency of heat transfer. Addressing this issue, we present here vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) NWs based temperature sensors with nanosilica/epoxy (NS/epoxy) based encapsulation layer. The encapsulation layer is deposited with high resolution electrohydrodynamic printing. The comparison of non-encapsulated and encapsulated devices shows a robust and reliable temperature sensing performance from the later. This study shows how the sensing performance can be preserved and the lifetime of flexible sensors elongated by using an encapsulation layer.","PeriodicalId":221424,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115734122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781525
S. Carapezzi, Corentin Delacour, A. Todri-Sanial
In this work, we illustrate a simulation toolchain using technology computer-aided design (TCAD) software to simulate neuro-mimicking Oscillatory Neural Networks (ONNs) based on Beyond CMOS Vanadium Dioxide (VO2) oscillators. We use a dedicated TCAD approach to simulate thermal-induced resistive switching in VO2. We perform TCAD and TCAD -SPICE mixed-mode simulations to simulate all the key elements of the ONN system: VO2 device, VO2 oscillator and dynamics of coupled VO2 oscillators. This demonstrates that TCAD multi-physics simulations are an essential tool for probing the interplay between VO2 material properties, device geometry and circuit dynamics, while providing insights and guidelines for the development of ONN technology based on Beyond CMOS VO2 oscillators.
{"title":"Simulation Toolchain for Neuromorphic Oscillatory Neural Networks Based on Beyond-CMOS Vanadium Dioxide Devices","authors":"S. Carapezzi, Corentin Delacour, A. Todri-Sanial","doi":"10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781525","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we illustrate a simulation toolchain using technology computer-aided design (TCAD) software to simulate neuro-mimicking Oscillatory Neural Networks (ONNs) based on Beyond CMOS Vanadium Dioxide (VO2) oscillators. We use a dedicated TCAD approach to simulate thermal-induced resistive switching in VO2. We perform TCAD and TCAD -SPICE mixed-mode simulations to simulate all the key elements of the ONN system: VO2 device, VO2 oscillator and dynamics of coupled VO2 oscillators. This demonstrates that TCAD multi-physics simulations are an essential tool for probing the interplay between VO2 material properties, device geometry and circuit dynamics, while providing insights and guidelines for the development of ONN technology based on Beyond CMOS VO2 oscillators.","PeriodicalId":221424,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS)","volume":"46 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116897473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781532
A. Alimenti, N. Pompeo, K. Torokhtii, E. Pittella, E. Piuzzi, Enrico Silva
Additive manufacturing has brought a technological revolution which up to now has shown only glimpses of the future developments made possible. Besides human ingenuity, an important component of the development process is the accurate knowledge of the 3D printing materials properties. In high frequency applications, the complex permittivity of dielectric materials is the fundamental quantity needed for the proper design and for the optimization of innovative sensors. The versatility of 3D printing allows for many shapes, sizes, combination of electrical properties. Moreover, high frequency (microwave) applications span operating frequency ranges from below 1 GHz to several tens of GHz. Hence, many measurements techniques for the determination of the complex permittivity have been developed, with various accuracies and addressing specific scenarios. In this work we propose two resonators: a dielectric loaded one, operating at higher frequency 12.9 GHz, capable of measuring thick > 1 mm flat dielectric samples, eventually with backing metal as encountered in microwave circuits; and a split ring resonator, working at 2.2 GHz, for the measurement of thicker samples, possibly in in-field scenarios. To demonstrate their measurement capabilities we have tested 3D printed samples with different fillings in order to expand the range of complex permittivity test values. The two resonators yield consistent results, providing a reciprocal validation, with similar accuracies competitive with other existing solutions.
{"title":"A system to measure the complex permittivity of 3D-printing materials","authors":"A. Alimenti, N. Pompeo, K. Torokhtii, E. Pittella, E. Piuzzi, Enrico Silva","doi":"10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781532","url":null,"abstract":"Additive manufacturing has brought a technological revolution which up to now has shown only glimpses of the future developments made possible. Besides human ingenuity, an important component of the development process is the accurate knowledge of the 3D printing materials properties. In high frequency applications, the complex permittivity of dielectric materials is the fundamental quantity needed for the proper design and for the optimization of innovative sensors. The versatility of 3D printing allows for many shapes, sizes, combination of electrical properties. Moreover, high frequency (microwave) applications span operating frequency ranges from below 1 GHz to several tens of GHz. Hence, many measurements techniques for the determination of the complex permittivity have been developed, with various accuracies and addressing specific scenarios. In this work we propose two resonators: a dielectric loaded one, operating at higher frequency 12.9 GHz, capable of measuring thick > 1 mm flat dielectric samples, eventually with backing metal as encountered in microwave circuits; and a split ring resonator, working at 2.2 GHz, for the measurement of thicker samples, possibly in in-field scenarios. To demonstrate their measurement capabilities we have tested 3D printed samples with different fillings in order to expand the range of complex permittivity test values. The two resonators yield consistent results, providing a reciprocal validation, with similar accuracies competitive with other existing solutions.","PeriodicalId":221424,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117037960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781484
Moupali Chakraborty, Rudra Mukherjee, R. Dahiya
The additive manufacturing of RFID smart tags typically involves printing of antennas using electrically conductive materials along with the hybrid integration of the off-the-shelf low-power electronic components. In this case, the conductivity of printed material could significantly influence the reliable working of electronics as the electromagnetic performance of the antenna depends on it. In this research, we demonstrate the effect of conductive materials for printed antenna and show how their reliable operation could be attained by using suitable number of coatings. The printed antenna with its low-power electronics circuit is also compared with the conventional copper etched rigid and flexible tags to show the challenges regarding the electromagnetic performance. The printed tags are further subjected to different bending cycles to investigate their mechanical stability under varying strain conditions.
{"title":"Reliability Analysis of Screen-printed Tags with Low-power Electronics on Flexible Substrates","authors":"Moupali Chakraborty, Rudra Mukherjee, R. Dahiya","doi":"10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781484","url":null,"abstract":"The additive manufacturing of RFID smart tags typically involves printing of antennas using electrically conductive materials along with the hybrid integration of the off-the-shelf low-power electronic components. In this case, the conductivity of printed material could significantly influence the reliable working of electronics as the electromagnetic performance of the antenna depends on it. In this research, we demonstrate the effect of conductive materials for printed antenna and show how their reliable operation could be attained by using suitable number of coatings. The printed antenna with its low-power electronics circuit is also compared with the conventional copper etched rigid and flexible tags to show the challenges regarding the electromagnetic performance. The printed tags are further subjected to different bending cycles to investigate their mechanical stability under varying strain conditions.","PeriodicalId":221424,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115828546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781591
H. Emani, V. Palaniappan, S. Ahmadi, X. Zhang, D. Maddipatla, B. Bazuin, Q. Wu, M. Atashbar
A flexible anode was developed with graphene nanoplatelet (xGnP) as the anode material for fabricating fast charging lithium-ion battery. The ink consists of xGnP as active material along with C-45 carbon black as conductive additive and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as binder. The ink was bar coated on to a flexible copper film to form anode. Then the anode was laser patterned to introduce secondary pore network (SPN) consisting of pores with diameter of ~75 µm with an edge-to-edge distance of ~70 µm between the pores. Half-cell lithiumion batteries was assembled with laser patterned anode and lithium metal foil as counter electrode. Ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate (EC: EDC) in 50/50 (v/v) mixed with 1M lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) was used as electrolyte in assembled coin-cells. Rate performance was tested for laser patterned electrodes at different current rates. Resultant laser-patterned xGnP electrode delivered enhanced specific capacity of 333 mAh/g when compared to bar-coated electrode without SPN (243 mAh/g) at 6A/g current rate.
{"title":"A Novel Laser Patterned Flexible Graphene Nanoplatelet Electrode for Fast Charging Lithium-Ion Battery Applications","authors":"H. Emani, V. Palaniappan, S. Ahmadi, X. Zhang, D. Maddipatla, B. Bazuin, Q. Wu, M. Atashbar","doi":"10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781591","url":null,"abstract":"A flexible anode was developed with graphene nanoplatelet (xGnP) as the anode material for fabricating fast charging lithium-ion battery. The ink consists of xGnP as active material along with C-45 carbon black as conductive additive and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as binder. The ink was bar coated on to a flexible copper film to form anode. Then the anode was laser patterned to introduce secondary pore network (SPN) consisting of pores with diameter of ~75 µm with an edge-to-edge distance of ~70 µm between the pores. Half-cell lithiumion batteries was assembled with laser patterned anode and lithium metal foil as counter electrode. Ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate (EC: EDC) in 50/50 (v/v) mixed with 1M lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) was used as electrolyte in assembled coin-cells. Rate performance was tested for laser patterned electrodes at different current rates. Resultant laser-patterned xGnP electrode delivered enhanced specific capacity of 333 mAh/g when compared to bar-coated electrode without SPN (243 mAh/g) at 6A/g current rate.","PeriodicalId":221424,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130479820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781597
E. Covi, S. Lancaster, S. Slesazeck, V. Deshpande, T. Mikolajick, C. Dubourdieu
In recent years, Artificial Intelligence has shifted towards edge computing paradigm, where systems compute data in real-time on the edge of the network, close to the sensor that acquires them. The requirements of a system operating on the edge are very tight: power efficiency, low area footprint, fast response times, and online learning. Moreover, in order to fully optimise sensor performance and broaden applications by developing smart wearable and implantable devices, solutions must be compatible with flexible substrates. Brain-inspired architectures such as Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) use artificial neurons and synapses that perform low-latency computation and internal-state storage simultaneously with very low power consumption. However, SNNs at present are mainly implemented on standard CMOS technologies, which makes it challenging to meet the above-mentioned constraints. In this respect, memristive technology has shown promising results, due to its ability to support fast and energy-efficient non-volatile storage of the SNN parameters in a nanoscale footprint. In this perspective work, the main challenges to achieve a neuromorphic-memristive hardware are presented, particularly in the context of optimising such systems for applications on the edge. The aspects to be considered for integration with flexible substrates will also be discussed.
{"title":"Challenges and Perspectives for Energy-efficient Brain-inspired Edge Computing Applications (Invited Paper)","authors":"E. Covi, S. Lancaster, S. Slesazeck, V. Deshpande, T. Mikolajick, C. Dubourdieu","doi":"10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781597","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, Artificial Intelligence has shifted towards edge computing paradigm, where systems compute data in real-time on the edge of the network, close to the sensor that acquires them. The requirements of a system operating on the edge are very tight: power efficiency, low area footprint, fast response times, and online learning. Moreover, in order to fully optimise sensor performance and broaden applications by developing smart wearable and implantable devices, solutions must be compatible with flexible substrates. Brain-inspired architectures such as Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) use artificial neurons and synapses that perform low-latency computation and internal-state storage simultaneously with very low power consumption. However, SNNs at present are mainly implemented on standard CMOS technologies, which makes it challenging to meet the above-mentioned constraints. In this respect, memristive technology has shown promising results, due to its ability to support fast and energy-efficient non-volatile storage of the SNN parameters in a nanoscale footprint. In this perspective work, the main challenges to achieve a neuromorphic-memristive hardware are presented, particularly in the context of optimising such systems for applications on the edge. The aspects to be considered for integration with flexible substrates will also be discussed.","PeriodicalId":221424,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS)","volume":"210 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115545840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781500
E. Melnik, Vanessa Thöny, S. Kurzhals, G. Mutinati, Malahat Asadi, Pooyan Mehrabi, T. Schalkhammer, R. Hainberger
Amperometric sensors can be used for many applications, as they can be excellently manufactured in roll-to-roll printing processes. However, careful material selection is of particular importance for high sensitivity and selectivity. For example, the choice of the reference electrode material is critical to ensure a stable electrical potential, and the working electrode material needs to match the redox system used. For biosensor applications, the immobilization of the receptor molecules via printing technologies must be ensured, for which again the sensor materials significantly contribute. To illustrate these challenges, examples are presented for the detection of small molecules, proteins and DNA.
{"title":"Screen-printed amperometric biosensors: A balancing act of manufacturing properties, cost efficiency and sensitivity","authors":"E. Melnik, Vanessa Thöny, S. Kurzhals, G. Mutinati, Malahat Asadi, Pooyan Mehrabi, T. Schalkhammer, R. Hainberger","doi":"10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781500","url":null,"abstract":"Amperometric sensors can be used for many applications, as they can be excellently manufactured in roll-to-roll printing processes. However, careful material selection is of particular importance for high sensitivity and selectivity. For example, the choice of the reference electrode material is critical to ensure a stable electrical potential, and the working electrode material needs to match the redox system used. For biosensor applications, the immobilization of the receptor molecules via printing technologies must be ensured, for which again the sensor materials significantly contribute. To illustrate these challenges, examples are presented for the detection of small molecules, proteins and DNA.","PeriodicalId":221424,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114445867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781526
G. B. Tseghai, B. Malengier, Kinde Anlay Fante, L. Van Langenhove
In this work, new electroencephalogram (EEG) electrodes that can detect high-quality EEG signals without the need for conductive gels or skin treatments and shaving the hair have been fabricated from an electrically conductive velcro hook with 1.8 Ω/sq. The velcro hook is washable for up to 200 washing cycles. The velcro textrode collected a signal with a lower skin-to-electrode impedance (-14.3%) and a higher signal-to-noise ratio (+2.17%) than comb Ag/AgCl dry electrodes. It gives inter-trial coherence and event-related spectral perturbation graphs identical to comb Ag/AgCl dry electrodes. Thus, these textrodes are a viable alternative for monitoring brain activity.
{"title":"Velcro Hook Electroencephalogram Textrode for Brain Activity Monitoring","authors":"G. B. Tseghai, B. Malengier, Kinde Anlay Fante, L. Van Langenhove","doi":"10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781526","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, new electroencephalogram (EEG) electrodes that can detect high-quality EEG signals without the need for conductive gels or skin treatments and shaving the hair have been fabricated from an electrically conductive velcro hook with 1.8 Ω/sq. The velcro hook is washable for up to 200 washing cycles. The velcro textrode collected a signal with a lower skin-to-electrode impedance (-14.3%) and a higher signal-to-noise ratio (+2.17%) than comb Ag/AgCl dry electrodes. It gives inter-trial coherence and event-related spectral perturbation graphs identical to comb Ag/AgCl dry electrodes. Thus, these textrodes are a viable alternative for monitoring brain activity.","PeriodicalId":221424,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117286996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-10DOI: 10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781519
V. Palaniappan, D. Maddipatla, S. Ahmadi, H. Emani, G. Wang, T. Hanson, B. B. Narakathu, B. Bazuin, Q. Wu, M. Atashbar
A multi-layer screen-printed flexible graphite electrode-based lithium-ion battery was fabricated with improved registration accuracy. Laser patterning process was employed to create the registration marks on the substrate for aligning the samples during multi-layer screen-printing. A homogenous ink slurry was prepared by mixing graphite as active material along with carbon black (Super-P C45) as conductive additive and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as binder in N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent. A two-layered lithium-ion battery electrode was prepared by depositing the homogeneous slurry via screen consisting of 100 µm pore pattern design with edge to edge distance of 100 µm (between pores) on a flexible copper foil using screen printing process. The two layers provided the required mass loading of 2.6 mg/cm2 which results in high-capacity density. The pore structures of the second electrode layer were aligned well with the first printed electrode layer with the help of registration marks during screen printing process. The presence of secondary pore networks facilitates paths for accelerated ionic transfer of lithium ions along the electrode leading to fast-charging batteries with high capacity density. The electrodes were calendered to obtain an average porosity of ~33% for 2 layers. Half-cell was assembled using lithium foil as anode, screen-printed graphite ink as cathode and lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) as electrolyte. The multilayer graphite electrode processed with well aligned pore networks (feasible because of laser based registration marks) and screen-printing showed a capacity of 348mAh/g at 0.1 C formation at the end of 3 cycles.
{"title":"Improving Registration Accuracy of Multilayer Screen-Printed Graphite Electrodes with Secondary Pore Networks for Fast Charging Lithium-ion Batteries","authors":"V. Palaniappan, D. Maddipatla, S. Ahmadi, H. Emani, G. Wang, T. Hanson, B. B. Narakathu, B. Bazuin, Q. Wu, M. Atashbar","doi":"10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/fleps53764.2022.9781519","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-layer screen-printed flexible graphite electrode-based lithium-ion battery was fabricated with improved registration accuracy. Laser patterning process was employed to create the registration marks on the substrate for aligning the samples during multi-layer screen-printing. A homogenous ink slurry was prepared by mixing graphite as active material along with carbon black (Super-P C45) as conductive additive and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as binder in N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent. A two-layered lithium-ion battery electrode was prepared by depositing the homogeneous slurry via screen consisting of 100 µm pore pattern design with edge to edge distance of 100 µm (between pores) on a flexible copper foil using screen printing process. The two layers provided the required mass loading of 2.6 mg/cm2 which results in high-capacity density. The pore structures of the second electrode layer were aligned well with the first printed electrode layer with the help of registration marks during screen printing process. The presence of secondary pore networks facilitates paths for accelerated ionic transfer of lithium ions along the electrode leading to fast-charging batteries with high capacity density. The electrodes were calendered to obtain an average porosity of ~33% for 2 layers. Half-cell was assembled using lithium foil as anode, screen-printed graphite ink as cathode and lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) as electrolyte. The multilayer graphite electrode processed with well aligned pore networks (feasible because of laser based registration marks) and screen-printing showed a capacity of 348mAh/g at 0.1 C formation at the end of 3 cycles.","PeriodicalId":221424,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125904170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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