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The effectiveness of exercise prehabilitation on aerobic capacity, muscle strength and body composition in patients with cirrhosis awaiting liver transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. 运动前康复对等待肝移植的肝硬化患者的有氧能力、肌肉力量和身体成分的影响:系统综述和荟萃分析方案。
IF 6.3 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02608-y
Elelwani Nevhufumba, Demitri Constantinou, Devind Peter, Philippe Jean-Luc Gradidge

Introduction: Cirrhosis is the main cause of morbidity and mortality globally, accounting for approximately 1.2 million deaths annually. Impaired aerobic capacity, muscle wasting and reduced muscle strength are significant complications in patients with cirrhosis. Preoperative exercise intervention "prehabilitation" has been recognised as a potential approach to optimise muscle strength, aerobic capacity and body composition as well as quality of life in patients awaiting abdominal surgery. However, there is little evidence on the effects of preoperative exercise on older adults with cirrhosis and awaiting liver transplant. Thus, the primary objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis will be to assess the effects of exercise interventions in improving aerobic capacity, muscle strength and body composition of older adults with cirrhosis and awaiting liver transplant.

Methods and analysis: This systematic review and metaanalysis protocol was designed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. This systematic review will include all peer-reviewed randomised controlled trials (RCTs), including cluster RCTs, controlled (non-controlled), complex clinical trials (CCTs) or cluster trials, cohort, observational studies published in English from inception until July 2024. The following electronic databases will be searched: MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CINAHL (EBSCO) and Scopus (Elsevier) and supplemented by a secondary screening of the reference lists of all included articles. Searches will involve studies with both male and female participants aged 18 years with cirrhosis and awaiting liver transplant. Primary outcomes will include muscle strength, and aerobic capacity. The secondary outcomes include body composition (e.g. body mass index, and thigh circumference). The Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool will be used to evaluate quality of the studies and Review Manager (RevMan) V.5.3 (Copenhagen, Denmark: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2014). Effect sizes will be expressed as a standardised mean difference, and their 95% confidence intervals will be calculated and presented as a forest plot. The standard χ2 and I2 tests will be used to test heterogeneity.

Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis is anticipated to provide meaningful and contemporary evidence on the effects of preoperative exercise in older adults living with cirrhosis and awaiting liver transplant. In addition, the findings will help clinicians with developing safe and effective preoperative exercise regimens for these patients.

简介肝硬化是全球发病和死亡的主要原因,每年约有 120 万人死于肝硬化。有氧能力受损、肌肉萎缩和肌力下降是肝硬化患者的重要并发症。术前运动干预 "术前康复 "已被认为是一种潜在的方法,可优化腹部手术患者的肌肉力量、有氧能力、身体成分以及生活质量。然而,关于术前运动对患有肝硬化和等待肝移植的老年人的影响,目前还鲜有证据。因此,本系统综述和荟萃分析的主要目的是评估运动干预对改善肝硬化和等待肝移植的老年人的有氧能力、肌肉力量和身体成分的影响:本系统综述和荟萃分析方案是根据《系统综述和荟萃分析首选报告项目》(Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses,PRISMA)指南设计的。本系统综述将包括所有经同行评审的随机对照试验(RCT),包括分组 RCT、对照(非对照)、复杂临床试验(CCT)或分组试验、队列、观察性研究,这些研究均以英语发表,时间从开始至 2024 年 7 月。将检索以下电子数据库:MEDLINE(PubMed)、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)、CINAHL(EBSCO)和 Scopus(Elsevier),并对所有收录文章的参考文献目录进行二次筛选。检索将涉及年龄≥ 18 岁、患有肝硬化并等待肝移植的男性和女性参与者的研究。主要结果包括肌肉力量和有氧运动能力。次要结果包括身体成分(如体重指数和大腿围)。将使用 Cochrane 协作的偏倚风险工具(Risk of Bias Tool)来评估研究的质量,并使用 Review Manager (RevMan) V.5.3 (丹麦哥本哈根,北欧 Cochrane 中心,2011 年)来评估研究的质量:丹麦哥本哈根:北欧科克伦中心,科克伦协作组织,2014 年)。效应大小将以标准化平均差表示,其 95% 置信区间将被计算并以森林图的形式呈现。将使用标准的χ2和I2检验来检验异质性:这项系统综述和荟萃分析预计将为肝硬化患者和等待肝移植的老年人术前锻炼的效果提供有意义的现代证据。此外,研究结果将有助于临床医生为这些患者制定安全有效的术前运动方案。
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引用次数: 0
Antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of surgical site infections following colorectal surgery: protocol for network meta-analysis of randomized trials. 预防结直肠手术后手术部位感染的抗生素预防措施:随机试验网络荟萃分析方案。
IF 6.3 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02639-5
Shahrzad Motaghi, Francesca Mulazzani, Samer G Karam, Fatemeh Mirzayeh Fashami, Tayler Buchan, Sara Ibrahim, Shahryar Moradi Falah Langeroodi, Sahar Khademioore, Rachel J Couban, Lawrence Mbuagbaw, Dominik Mertz, Mark Loeb

Background: Surgical site infections continue to be a significant challenge following colorectal surgery. These can result in extended hospital stays, hospital readmissions, increased treatment costs, and negative effects on patients' quality of life. Antibiotic prophylaxis plays a crucial role in preventing infection during surgery, specifically in preventing surgical site infections after colorectal surgery in adult patients. However, the optimal antibiotic regimen is still unclear based on current evidence. Considering the limitations of existing reviews, our goal is to conduct a comprehensive systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the comparative benefits and harms of available antibiotic prophylaxis regimens for preventing surgical site infections following colorectal surgery in adult patients.

Methods: We will search the Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases to identify relevant randomized controlled trials. We will include trials that (1) enrolled adults who underwent colorectal surgeries and (2) randomized them to any systemic administration of antibiotic (single or combined) prophylaxis before surgery compared to an alternative systemic antibiotic (single or combined antibiotic), placebo, control, or no prophylactic treatment. Pairs of reviewers will independently assess the risk of bias among eligible trials using a modified Cochrane risk of bias instrument for randomized trials. Our outcomes of interest include the rate of surgical site infection within 30 days of surgery, hospital length of stay, 30-day mortality, and treatment-related adverse effects. We will perform a contrast-based network meta-analysis using a frequentist random-effects model assuming a common heterogeneity parameter. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach will be utilized to assess the certainty of evidence for treatment effects.

Discussion: By synthesizing evidence from available RCTs, this study will provide valuable insight for clinicians, patients, and health policymakers on the most effective antibiotics for preventing surgical site infection.

Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42023434544.

背景:手术部位感染仍然是结直肠手术后的一个重大挑战。这些感染可导致住院时间延长、再次入院、治疗费用增加以及对患者生活质量的负面影响。抗生素预防在防止手术感染,尤其是防止成年患者结直肠手术后手术部位感染方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,根据目前的证据,最佳抗生素方案仍不明确。考虑到现有综述的局限性,我们的目标是对随机对照试验进行全面的系统综述和网络荟萃分析,以评估现有抗生素预防方案在预防成人患者结直肠手术后手术部位感染方面的利弊比较:我们将检索 Medline、EMBASE、CINAHL、Scopus 和 Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials 数据库,以确定相关的随机对照试验。我们将纳入以下试验:(1) 入组接受结肠直肠手术的成人,(2) 将他们随机分组,在手术前全身使用任何抗生素(单一抗生素或联合抗生素)进行预防性治疗,并与其他全身使用抗生素(单一抗生素或联合抗生素)、安慰剂、对照组或无预防性治疗进行比较。一对审稿人将使用修改后的科克伦随机试验偏倚风险工具独立评估符合条件的试验的偏倚风险。我们关注的结果包括术后 30 天内手术部位感染率、住院时间、30 天死亡率以及与治疗相关的不良反应。我们将使用频数随机效应模型(假设有一个共同的异质性参数)进行基于对比的网络荟萃分析。我们将采用建议评估、发展和评价分级法(GRADE)来评估治疗效果证据的确定性:通过综合现有 RCT 的证据,本研究将为临床医生、患者和卫生政策制定者提供关于预防手术部位感染的最有效抗生素的宝贵见解:系统综述注册:PREMCORD42023434544。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative efficacy of eight oral Chinese patent medicines for dilated cardiomyopathy with heart failure: a Bayesian network meta-analysis. 八种口服中成药治疗扩张型心肌病合并心力衰竭的疗效比较:贝叶斯网络荟萃分析。
IF 6.3 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02582-5
Shiyi Tao, Lintong Yu, Jun Li, Mingjing Shao, Deshuang Yang, Jiayun Wu, Tiantian Xue, Xuanchun Huang
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) are widely used in China as an adjuvant treatment in dilated cardiomyopathy with heart failure (DCM-HF). However, comprehensive and systematic evidence supporting the beneficial effects of CPMs combined with current complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatments against DCM-HF was limited. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to assess and rank the relative efficacy of eight different CPMs for DCM-HF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on the use of CPMs combined with CAM for DCM-HF, the databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science Periodical Database (CSPD), Chinese Citation Database (CCD), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and ClinicalTrials.gov were comprehensively searched from their inception to 29 February 2024. The quality of the included RCTs was examined using the Cochrane Risk of Bias assessment tool, version 2.0 (RoB 2). Surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) probability values were applied to rank the relative efficacy. Bayesian network meta-analysis was designed to assess the efficacy of different CPMs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 77 eligible RCTs involving 6980 patients were enrolled. The outcomes assessed included clinical effectiveness rate (CER), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), 6-min walk test (6MWT), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and cardiac output (CO). The results of the NMA indicated that Qili Qiangxin capsule (QLQX), Wenxin granule (WX), Tongxinluo capsule (TXL), Qishen Yiqi dropping pill (QSYQ), Shexiang Baoxin pill (SXBX), Yangxinshi tablet (YXST), Yixinshu capsule (YXSC), and Getong Tongluo capsule (GTTL) combined with CAM significantly improved performance compared with CAM alone in treating DCM-HF. YXST + CAM (MD =  - 9.93, 95% CI - 12.83 to - 7.03) had the highest probability of being the best treatment on account of the enhancement of LVEF. WX + CAM had the highest likelihood of being the best treatment considering the improvement in LVEDD (MD =  - 11.7, 95% CI - 15.70 to - 7.79) and 6MWT (MD =  - 51.58, 95% CI - 73.40 to - 29.76). QLQX + CAM (MD =  - 158.59, 95% CI - 267.70 to - 49.49) had the highest likelihood of being the best intervention for the reduction in BNP. TXL + CAM (MD =  - 0.93, 95% CI - 1.46 to - 0.40) might be the optimal choice for increasing CO levels in DCM-HF patients. No serious treatment-emergent adverse events were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This NMA suggested that adding CPMs to the current CAM treatment exerted a more positive effect on DCM-HF. Thereinto, QLQX + CAM, TXL + CAM, WX + CAM, and YXST + CAM showed a preferable improvement in patients with DCM-HF when unified considering the clini
背景:中成药在中国被广泛用作扩张型心肌病合并心力衰竭(DCM-HF)的辅助治疗。然而,支持中成药结合目前的补充和替代医学(CAM)疗法对扩张型心肌病合并心力衰竭(DCM-HF)产生有益影响的全面、系统的证据非常有限。这项网络荟萃分析(NMA)旨在评估八种不同的 CPM 对 DCM-HF 的相对疗效并对其进行排序:方法:为了检索CPM结合CAM治疗DCM-HF的随机对照试验(RCT),我们全面检索了PubMed、Embase、Web of Science Core Collection、Cochrane Library、ProQuest、中国国家知识基础设施(CNKI)、中国科学期刊全文数据库(CSPD)、中文引文数据库(CCD)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)和ClinicalTrials.gov等数据库中从开始到2024年2月29日的内容。采用 Cochrane 偏倚风险评估工具 2.0 版(RoB 2)对纳入的 RCT 进行质量检测。采用累积排序曲线下表面(SUCRA)概率值对相对疗效进行排序。设计了贝叶斯网络荟萃分析来评估不同CPM的疗效:应用纳入和排除标准后,共纳入了 77 项符合条件的 RCT,涉及 6980 名患者。评估的结果包括临床有效率(CER)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室舒张末期尺寸(LVEDD)、6分钟步行测试(6MWT)、脑钠肽(BNP)和心输出量(CO)。NMA结果表明,芪蛭降糖胶囊(QLQX)、温心颗粒(WX)、通心络胶囊(TXL)、芪参益气滴丸(QSYQ)、畲香保心丸(SXBX)、养心氏片(YYL)、芪蛭降糖胶囊(QLQX)、温心颗粒(WX)、通心络胶囊(TXL)、芪参益气滴丸(QSYQ)、畲香保心丸(SXBX与单独使用 CAM 相比,阳新石片(YXST)、益心舒胶囊(YXSC)和葛通通络胶囊(GTL)联合 CAM 治疗 DCM-HF 的疗效显著提高。YXST + CAM (MD = - 9.93, 95% CI - 12.83 to - 7.03)由于提高了 LVEF,成为最佳治疗方法的可能性最大。考虑到 LVEDD 的改善(MD = - 11.7,95% CI - 15.70 至 - 7.79)和 6MWT 的改善(MD = - 51.58,95% CI - 73.40 至 - 29.76),WX + CAM 成为最佳治疗方法的可能性最高。QLQX + CAM(MD = - 158.59,95% CI - 267.70 至 - 49.49)最有可能成为降低 BNP 的最佳干预措施。TXL + CAM(MD = - 0.93,95% CI - 1.46 至 - 0.40)可能是提高 DCM-HF 患者 CO 水平的最佳选择。未观察到严重的治疗突发不良事件:该 NMA 表明,在当前 CAM 治疗的基础上添加 CPM 对 DCM-HF 有更积极的作用。因此,在统一考虑临床有效率和其他结果时,QLQX + CAM、TXL + CAM、WX + CAM 和 YXST + CAM 对 DCM-HF 患者的改善效果更佳。此外,由于缺乏针对 DCM-HF 的 CPM 信息,且纳入研究的干预措施分布不均,因此需要更多高质量的研究来提供更有力的证据支持我们的发现:prospero(CRD42023482669)。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of cerebral visual impairment in developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies: a systematic review protocol. 发育性脑病和癫痫性脑病中脑视力障碍的患病率:系统性审查方案。
IF 6.3 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02638-6
Martina Giorgia Perinelli, Megan Abbott, Ganna Balagura, Antonella Riva, Elisabetta Amadori, Alberto Verrotti, Scott Demarest, Pasquale Striano

Background: Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies (DEEs) are defined by drug-resistant seizures and neurodevelopmental disorders. Over 50% of patients have a genetic cause. Studies have shown that patients with DEEs, regardless of genetic diagnosis, experience a central visual function disorder known as Cerebral (cortical) Visual Impairment (CVI). The prevalence of CVI in DEE patients is currently unknown. A quantitative synthesis of existing data on the prevalence rates of this condition would aid in understanding the magnitude of the problem, outlining future research, and suggesting the need for therapeutic strategies for early identification and prevention of the disorder.

Methods: The protocol followed the PRISMA-P statement for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols. The review will adhere to the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis (Systematic Reviews of Prevalence and Incidence) and use the CoCoPop framework to establish eligibility criteria. We will conduct a comprehensive search of several databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Direct, Scopus, PsychINFO, Wiley, Highwire Press, and Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews. Our primary focus will be determining the prevalence of cerebral visual impairments (Condition) in patients with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (Population). To ensure clarity, we will provide a narrative summary of the risk of bias in the studies we include. The Cochrane Q statistic will be used to assess heterogeneity between studies. If the quantitative synthesis includes more than 10 studies, potential sources of heterogeneity will be investigated through subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Meta(bias)es analysis will also be performed. The quality of evidence for all outcomes will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) working group methodology.

Discussion: This protocol outlines a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify, collect, evaluate, and integrate epidemiological knowledge related to the prevalence of CVI in patients with DEEs. To the best of our knowledge, no other systematic review and meta-analysis has addressed this specific issue. The results will provide useful information for understanding the extent of the problem, outlining future research, and suggesting the need for early identification strategies.

Systematic review registrations: This Systematic Review Protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023448910).

背景:发育性和癫痫性脑病(DEEs)是指具有耐药性的癫痫发作和神经发育障碍。50%以上的患者有遗传病因。研究表明,无论基因诊断结果如何,DEEs 患者都会出现中枢性视觉功能障碍,即大脑(皮层)视觉障碍 (CVI)。目前,DEE 患者中 CVI 的发病率尚不清楚。对该病症患病率的现有数据进行定量综述将有助于了解问题的严重程度、勾勒未来的研究方向并提出早期识别和预防该病症的治疗策略需求:方法:研究方案遵循系统综述和荟萃分析方案的 PRISMA-P 声明。综述将遵守《JBI 证据综合手册》(流行率和发病率的系统综述),并使用 CoCoPop 框架来确定资格标准。我们将对多个数据库进行全面检索,包括 MEDLINE、EMBASE、Science Direct、Scopus、PsychINFO、Wiley、Highwire Press 和 Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews。我们的主要重点是确定发育性脑病和癫痫性脑病患者(人群)中大脑视觉障碍(Condition)的患病率。为确保清晰,我们将对所纳入研究的偏倚风险进行叙述性总结。Cochrane Q 统计量将用于评估研究之间的异质性。如果定量综述包括 10 项以上的研究,则将通过亚组和元回归分析来调查潜在的异质性来源。此外,还将进行元(偏倚)分析。所有结果的证据质量将采用建议分级评估开发与评价(GRADE)工作组的方法进行评估:本方案概述了一项系统综述和荟萃分析,旨在确定、收集、评估和整合与 DEE 患者中 CVI 患病率相关的流行病学知识。据我们所知,还没有其他系统综述和荟萃分析涉及这一特定问题。研究结果将为了解问题的严重程度、勾勒未来的研究方向以及提出早期识别策略的必要性提供有用的信息:本系统综述协议已在 PROSPERO 注册(CRD42023448910)。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the effectiveness of food literacy interventions in improving food literacy behavior and healthy eating among adults belonging to different socioeconomic groups- a systematic scoping review. 研究食品知识干预措施在改善不同社会经济群体成年人的食品知识行为和健康饮食方面的效果--系统性范围界定综述。
IF 6.3 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02632-y
Arijita Manna, Helen Vidgen, Danielle Gallegos
<p><strong>Background: </strong>In high-income countries, significant diet-related health inequalities exist between people of different socioeconomic backgrounds. Individuals who face socioeconomic challenges are less likely to meet dietary guidelines, leading to increased incidence and prevalence of morbidity and mortality associated with dietary risk factors. To promote healthy eating, strategies may focus on individual-level factors (e.g., knowledge, skills, and behavior) along with broader societal factors (e.g., social determinants of health). The concept of food literacy is considered an individual-level factor and has been framed as a skill set that individuals must possess to effectively navigate the complexities of the modern food system. Food literacy interventions can be a complementary but effective tool for encouraging healthy eating behavior among diverse populations, including those facing socioeconomic disadvantage. However, there is limited evidence to guide the design of food literacy intervention for vulnerable population groups. In the process of developing an ideal portfolio of solutions and strategies to promote food literacy and healthy eating for people experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage, this systematic scoping review aims to comprehensively examine the effects of food literacy interventions on promoting food literacy behavior and healthy eating in adults (18 years and above) from various socioeconomic groups (SEGs) in high-income countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The review includes both qualitative and quantitative papers obtained from academic databases, including MEDLINE (via EBSCOhost), Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. In addition to the electronic search, manual forward and backward citation searching will be conducted to identify additional relevant papers. Food literacy interventions will be evaluated across four domains: planning and management, selection, preparation, and consumption. Papers included in the review will be analyzed for process, impact, and outcome evaluation. The main outcome of a food literacy intervention is the modification in eating behavior, while the mechanism for this action will be through impact measure of food literacy behaviors. Implementation factors will be extracted for process evaluation. This review will also include a range of dietary behavior measures, such as diet quality index and dietary intake indicator. The screening process for all citations, full-text articles, and abstract data will be carried out by two reviewers independently. In case of any potential conflicts, they will be resolved through discussion. The quality of quantitative studies will be reviewed using the JBI critical appraisal checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies. The "Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ)" will be used to report on the quality of qualitative papers.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://doi.org/10.17605
背景:在高收入国家,不同社会经济背景的人之间存在严重的饮食相关健康不平等。面临社会经济挑战的个人不太可能达到膳食指南的要求,从而导致与膳食风险因素相关的发病率和死亡率上升。为促进健康饮食,相关策略可侧重于个人层面的因素(如知识、技能和行为)以及更广泛的社会因素(如健康的社会决定因素)。食品素养的概念被认为是个人层面的因素,并被定义为个人有效驾驭复杂的现代食品体系所必须掌握的一套技能。食品素养干预措施可以作为一种补充而有效的工具,鼓励不同人群(包括那些面临社会经济劣势的人群)的健康饮食行为。然而,目前用于指导弱势群体食品知识干预设计的证据还很有限。在制定理想的解决方案和战略组合以促进社会经济弱势群体的食品扫盲和健康饮食的过程中,本系统性范围界定综述旨在全面研究食品扫盲干预措施对促进高收入国家不同社会经济群体(SEGs)成年人(18 岁及以上)的食品扫盲行为和健康饮食的影响:综述包括从 MEDLINE(通过 EBSCOhost)、Embase、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar 等学术数据库中获取的定性和定量论文。除电子检索外,还将进行人工正向和反向引文检索,以发现更多相关论文。将从四个方面对食品扫盲干预措施进行评估:计划和管理、选择、准备和消费。将对纳入综述的论文进行过程、影响和结果评估分析。食品知识干预的主要结果是饮食行为的改变,而这一行动的机制将通过食品知识行为的影响测量来实现。将提取实施因素进行过程评估。本综述还将包括一系列饮食行为测量指标,如饮食质量指数和饮食摄入指标。所有引文、全文和摘要数据的筛选过程将由两名审稿人独立完成。如有任何潜在冲突,将通过讨论解决。定量研究的质量将采用 JBI 分析性横断面研究关键评估清单进行审查。将使用 "定性研究报告综合标准(COREQ)"报告定性论文的质量。系统综述注册:https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/TPNKU。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge and practices of youth awareness on death and dying in school settings: a systematic scoping review protocol. 在学校环境中提高青少年对死亡和临终的认识的知识和实践:系统性范围界定审查协议。
IF 6.3 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02635-9
Emilie Allard, Clémence Coupat, Sabrina Lessard, Noémie Therrien, Claire Godard-Sebillotte, Dimitri Létourneau, Olivia Nguyen, Andréanne Côté, Gabrielle Fortin, Serge Daneault, Maryse Soulières, Josiane Le Gall, Sylvie Fortin

Background: Awareness-raising and education have been identified as strategies to counter the taboo surrounding death and dying. As the favoured venue for youth education, schools have an essential role to play in informing future decision-makers. However, school workers are not comfortable addressing the subjects of death and dying, which, unlike other social issues, have no guidelines to influence awareness of these subjects in youth.

Objectives: To systematically explore the knowledge and practices on raising awareness about death and dying in schools, the viewpoints of the people involved (young people, school workers; parents), and the factors that either promote or hinder awareness practices.

Method: The scoping review method of Levac and Colquhoun (Implement Sci 5(1):69, 2010) will be used. Using a combination of keywords and descriptors, a body of literature will be identified through 15 databases and through grey literature searches, manual searches, consultation of key collaborators, and the list of relevant literature. Publications since 2009 will be selected if they relate directly to awareness-raising about death and dying in schools. Writings will be selected and extracted by two independent people, and conflicts resolved by consensus. The extracted data will be synthesized using a thematic analysis method. Experts from a variety of disciplines (health sciences, humanities, social sciences, and education) will be consulted to enhance the interpretation of the preliminary results. Results will be presented in narrative form and will include tables and diagrams.

Conclusion: The results of this scoping review will contribute to the development of educational practices adapted to young people and to the identification of future avenues of research on awareness of death and dying.

背景:提高认识和教育已被确定为消除死亡禁忌的策略。作为青少年教育的首选场所,学校在为未来决策者提供信息方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,学校工作者在处理死亡和临终话题时并不自如,因为死亡和临终与其他社会问题不同,没有任何指导方针可以影响青少年对这些话题的认识:系统地探讨在学校提高对死亡和临终的认识的知识和实践、相关人员(青少年、学校工作者、家长)的观点,以及促进或阻碍提高认识实践的因素:将采用 Levac 和 Colquhoun(Implement Sci 5(1):69,2010 年)的范围审查法。将结合使用关键词和描述符,通过 15 个数据库、灰色文献检索、人工检索、咨询主要合作者以及相关文献清单来确定文献体。如果 2009 年以来的出版物与在学校提高对死亡和临终的认识直接相关,则会被选中。文献将由两名独立人士进行筛选和提取,并通过协商一致的方式解决冲突。提取的数据将采用专题分析方法进行综合。将咨询不同学科(健康科学、人文科学、社会科学和教育)的专家,以加强对初步结果的解释。结果将以叙述的形式呈现,并将包括表格和图表:本次范围界定审查的结果将有助于开发适合年轻人的教育实践,并有助于确定有关死亡和临终意识的未来研究途径。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the effectiveness of large language models in abstract screening: a comparative analysis. 评估抽象筛选中大型语言模型的有效性:比较分析。
IF 6.3 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02609-x
Michael Li, Jianping Sun, Xianming Tan

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of large language models (LLMs) in the task of abstract screening in systematic review and meta-analysis studies, exploring their effectiveness, efficiency, and potential integration into existing human expert-based workflows.

Methods: We developed automation scripts in Python to interact with the APIs of several LLM tools, including ChatGPT v4.0, ChatGPT v3.5, Google PaLM 2, and Meta Llama 2, and latest tools including ChatGPT v4.0 turbo, ChatGPT v3.5 turbo, Google Gemini 1.0 pro, Meta Llama 3, and Claude 3. This study focused on three databases of abstracts and used them as benchmarks to evaluate the performance of these LLM tools in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy. The results of the LLM tools were compared to human-curated inclusion decisions, gold standard for systematic review and meta-analysis studies.

Results: Different LLM tools had varying abilities in abstract screening. Chat GPT v4.0 demonstrated remarkable performance, with balanced sensitivity and specificity, and overall accuracy consistently reaching or exceeding 90%, indicating a high potential for LLMs in abstract screening tasks. The study found that LLMs could provide reliable results with minimal human effort and thus serve as a cost-effective and efficient alternative to traditional abstract screening methods.

Conclusion: While LLM tools are not yet ready to completely replace human experts in abstract screening, they show great promise in revolutionizing the process. They can serve as autonomous AI reviewers, contribute to collaborative workflows with human experts, and integrate with hybrid approaches to develop custom tools for increased efficiency. As technology continues to advance, LLMs are poised to play an increasingly important role in abstract screening, reshaping the workflow of systematic review and meta-analysis studies.

研究目的本研究旨在评估大型语言模型(LLMs)在系统综述和荟萃分析研究的摘要筛选任务中的性能,探索其有效性、效率以及与现有的基于人类专家的工作流程整合的可能性:我们用 Python 开发了自动化脚本,以便与几种 LLM 工具的 API 进行交互,包括 ChatGPT v4.0、ChatGPT v3.5、Google PaLM 2 和 Meta Llama 2,以及最新的工具,包括 ChatGPT v4.0 turbo、ChatGPT v3.5 turbo、Google Gemini 1.0 pro、Meta Llama 3 和 Claude 3。本研究以三个文摘数据库为重点,以它们为基准,评估了这些 LLM 工具在灵敏度、特异性和总体准确性方面的性能。将 LLM 工具的结果与人工编辑的纳入决定(系统综述和荟萃分析研究的黄金标准)进行了比较:结果:不同的 LLM 工具在摘要筛选方面能力各异。Chat GPT v4.0表现突出,灵敏度和特异性均衡,总体准确率一直达到或超过90%,这表明LLM在抽象筛选任务中具有很大的潜力。研究发现,LLM 只需极少的人力就能提供可靠的结果,因此可作为传统抽象筛选方法的一种经济高效的替代方法:虽然 LLM 工具还不能完全取代人类专家进行摘要筛选,但它们在彻底改变这一过程方面展现出了巨大的前景。它们可以作为自主的人工智能审稿人,为与人类专家的协作工作流程做出贡献,还可以与混合方法相结合,开发定制工具以提高效率。随着技术的不断进步,LLM 将在摘要筛选中发挥越来越重要的作用,重塑系统综述和荟萃分析研究的工作流程。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of human filovirus infections in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. 撒哈拉以南非洲人类丝状病毒感染的流行情况:系统回顾和荟萃分析协议。
IF 6.3 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02626-w
Christopher S Semancik, Christopher L Cooper, Thomas S Postler, Matt Price, Heejin Yun, Marija Zaric, Monica Kuteesa, Nina Malkevich, Andrew Kilianski, Swati B Gupta, Suzanna C Francis

Background: Recent outbreaks of Ebola virus disease (EVD) and Marburg virus disease (MVD) in sub-Saharan Africa illustrate the need to better understand animal reservoirs, burden of disease, and human transmission of filoviruses. This protocol outlines a systematic literature review to assess the prevalence of filoviruses that infect humans in sub-Saharan Africa. A secondary aim is to qualitatively describe and evaluate the assays used to assess prevalence.

Methods: The data sources for this systematic review include PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Titles, abstracts, and full texts will be reviewed for inclusion by a primary reviewer and then by a team of secondary reviewers, and data will be extracted using a pre-specified and piloted data extraction form. The review will include human cross-sectional studies, cohort studies, and randomized controlled trials conducted in sub-Saharan Africa up until March 13, 2024 that have been published in peer-reviewed scientific journals, with no language restrictions. Prevalence will be stratified by pathogen, population, assay, and sampling methodology and presented in forest plots with estimated prevalence and 95% confidence intervals. If there are enough studies within a stratum, I2 statistics will be calculated (using R statistical software), and data will be pooled if heterogeneity is low. In addition, assays used to detect infection will be evaluated. All studies included in the review will be assessed for quality and risk of bias using the JBI Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool and for certainty using the GRADE certainty ratings.

Discussion: Accurately measuring the rate of exposure to filoviruses infecting humans in sub-Saharan Africa using prevalence provides an essential understanding of natural history, transmission, and the role of subclinical infection. This systematic review will identify research gaps and provide directions for future research seeking to improve our understanding of filovirus infections. Understanding the natural history, transmission, and the role of subclinical infection is critical for predicting the impact of an intervention on disease burden.

Systematic review registration: In accordance with the guidelines outlined in the PRISMA-P methodology, this protocol was registered with PROSPERO on April 7, 2023 (ID: CRD42023415358).

背景:最近在撒哈拉以南非洲爆发的埃博拉病毒病(EVD)和马尔堡病毒病(MVD)表明,有必要更好地了解丝状病毒的动物库、疾病负担和人类传播。本方案概述了一项系统性文献综述,以评估撒哈拉以南非洲感染人类的丝状病毒的流行情况。次要目的是对用于评估流行率的检测方法进行定性描述和评估:本系统综述的数据来源包括 PubMed、Embase 和 Web of Science。标题、摘要和全文将由一名主要审稿人进行审查,然后由一组辅助审稿人进行审查,并使用预先指定和试用的数据提取表提取数据。审查将包括截至 2024 年 3 月 13 日在撒哈拉以南非洲地区进行的人类横断面研究、队列研究和随机对照试验,这些研究均已在同行评审的科学杂志上发表,没有语言限制。流行率将按病原体、人群、检测方法和抽样方法进行分层,并以森林图的形式列出估计流行率和 95% 置信区间。如果一个分层中有足够多的研究,则将计算 I2 统计量(使用 R 统计软件),如果异质性较低,则将汇总数据。此外,还将对用于检测感染的检测方法进行评估。将使用 JBI 流行率关键评估工具对纳入综述的所有研究进行质量和偏倚风险评估,并使用 GRADE 确定性评级对确定性进行评估:使用流行率准确测量撒哈拉以南非洲人类感染丝状病毒的暴露率,有助于了解自然史、传播和亚临床感染的作用。本系统综述将找出研究空白,并为今后的研究指明方向,以增进我们对丝状病毒感染的了解。了解亚临床感染的自然史、传播和作用对于预测干预措施对疾病负担的影响至关重要:根据PRISMA-P方法概述的指导方针,本方案已于2023年4月7日在PROSPERO注册(ID:CRD42023415358)。
{"title":"Prevalence of human filovirus infections in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.","authors":"Christopher S Semancik, Christopher L Cooper, Thomas S Postler, Matt Price, Heejin Yun, Marija Zaric, Monica Kuteesa, Nina Malkevich, Andrew Kilianski, Swati B Gupta, Suzanna C Francis","doi":"10.1186/s13643-024-02626-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13643-024-02626-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent outbreaks of Ebola virus disease (EVD) and Marburg virus disease (MVD) in sub-Saharan Africa illustrate the need to better understand animal reservoirs, burden of disease, and human transmission of filoviruses. This protocol outlines a systematic literature review to assess the prevalence of filoviruses that infect humans in sub-Saharan Africa. A secondary aim is to qualitatively describe and evaluate the assays used to assess prevalence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data sources for this systematic review include PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Titles, abstracts, and full texts will be reviewed for inclusion by a primary reviewer and then by a team of secondary reviewers, and data will be extracted using a pre-specified and piloted data extraction form. The review will include human cross-sectional studies, cohort studies, and randomized controlled trials conducted in sub-Saharan Africa up until March 13, 2024 that have been published in peer-reviewed scientific journals, with no language restrictions. Prevalence will be stratified by pathogen, population, assay, and sampling methodology and presented in forest plots with estimated prevalence and 95% confidence intervals. If there are enough studies within a stratum, I<sup>2</sup> statistics will be calculated (using R statistical software), and data will be pooled if heterogeneity is low. In addition, assays used to detect infection will be evaluated. All studies included in the review will be assessed for quality and risk of bias using the JBI Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool and for certainty using the GRADE certainty ratings.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Accurately measuring the rate of exposure to filoviruses infecting humans in sub-Saharan Africa using prevalence provides an essential understanding of natural history, transmission, and the role of subclinical infection. This systematic review will identify research gaps and provide directions for future research seeking to improve our understanding of filovirus infections. Understanding the natural history, transmission, and the role of subclinical infection is critical for predicting the impact of an intervention on disease burden.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>In accordance with the guidelines outlined in the PRISMA-P methodology, this protocol was registered with PROSPERO on April 7, 2023 (ID: CRD42023415358).</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11325742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141988939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Patients’ experiences of mechanical ventilation in intensive care units in low- and lower-middle-income countries: protocol of a systematic review 低收入和中低收入国家患者在重症监护室接受机械通气的经历:系统性审查方案
IF 3.7 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02630-0
Mayank Gupta, Priyanka Gupta, Preeti Devi, Utkarsh, Damini Butola, Savita Butola
Mechanical ventilation (MV) in intensive care units (ICUs) is a stressful experience for patients. However, these experiences have not been systematically explored in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LLMICs). This systematic review (SR) aims to explore the patients’ experiences of MV in ICUs in LLMICs and the factors influencing their experiences. The PICO framework will be used to operationalize the review question into key concepts: population (mechanically ventilated adult patients in ICUs), phenomenon of interest (experiences) and context (LLMICs). PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science will be systematically searched since database inception. Citation, reference list and PubMed-related article searching of included studies will be done to ensure literature saturation. Empirical peer-reviewed literature exploring adult patients’ (aged ≥ 18 years) experiences of MV in ICUs in LLMIC will be included. All study designs (quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods) will be included. Two independent reviewers will perform screening, data extraction and critical appraisal. The mixed-methods appraisal tool (MMAT) and Popay’s narrative synthesis will be used for critical appraisal and data synthesis, respectively. This SR aims to bridge a gap in knowledge as previous evidence synthesis has described this phenomenon in developed countries. The review design, with the inclusion of quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods studies, intends to provide a rich and in-depth exploration of the issue. The findings will be presented as themes, subthemes and their explanatory narratives. The gaps in available literature will be identified, and implications of SR findings on policy, practice and future research will be presented. The strength of this SR lies in its systematic, comprehensive, transparent, robust and explicit methodology of identifying, collating, assessing and synthesizing available evidence. By prior registration and reporting of this SR protocol, we aim to ensure transparency and accountability and minimize bias. PROSPERO CRD42024507187
重症监护室(ICU)中的机械通气(MV)对患者来说是一种压力体验。然而,这些经历在低收入和中低收入国家(LLMICs)尚未得到系统探讨。本系统综述(SR)旨在探讨低中低收入国家 ICU 中患者的 MV 体验以及影响其体验的因素。将采用 PICO 框架将综述问题操作化为关键概念:人群(重症监护室中接受机械通气的成年患者)、感兴趣的现象(体验)和背景(内陆发展中国家)。自数据库建立以来,将对 PubMed、Embase、PsycINFO、CINAHL、Cochrane Library、Scopus 和 Web of Science 进行系统检索。将对纳入的研究进行引文、参考文献列表和 PubMed 相关文章检索,以确保文献饱和度。将收录探究 LLMIC ICU 中成年患者(年龄≥ 18 岁)使用 MV 的经验的经验性同行评审文献。将纳入所有研究设计(定量、定性和混合方法)。两名独立审稿人将进行筛选、数据提取和批判性评估。关键评价和数据综合将分别使用混合方法评价工具(MMAT)和 Popay 的叙事综合法。本研究旨在弥补以往证据综述中对发达国家这一现象的描述所存在的知识空白。综述设计包括定量、定性和混合方法研究,旨在对这一问题进行丰富而深入的探讨。研究结果将以主题、次主题及其解释性说明的形式呈现。将确定现有文献中的空白,并介绍研究结果对政策、实践和未来研究的影响。本研究报告的优势在于它采用了系统、全面、透明、稳健和明确的方法来识别、整理、 评估和综合现有证据。通过事先登记和报告本研究方案,我们旨在确保透明度和问责制,并最大限度地减少偏见。PROCROPERO CRD42024507187
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引用次数: 0
Correction: Solitary pulmonary nodule malignancy predictive models applicable to routine clinical practice: a systematic review. 更正:适用于常规临床实践的单发肺结节恶性肿瘤预测模型:系统综述。
IF 6.3 4区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02627-9
Marina Senent-Valero, Julian Librero, Maria Pastor-Valero
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引用次数: 0
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