Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/svu.2022.143454.1204
S. Abbas, M. Karmi, A. Mubarak, A. Youseef
Campylobacteriosis is considered as one of the most common zoonotic gastrointestinal diseases in the world. Because of the substantial contamination of poultry carcasses and organs with stomach contents during mechanical evisceration, birds and their products are the most common sources of Campylobacter . This study evaluated the mutual function of chickens in the transmission of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli to hospitalized patients in Aswan Governorate, Egypt. Samples were collected randomly from fresh chickens (no= 108) and frozen chickens (no= 100) from different supermarkets in Aswan Province, Egypt as well as 60 diarrheal samples were assembled from hospitalized patients. Biochemical and molecular techniques were employed through duplex polymerase chain reaction objecting the 23S rRNA , mapA and ceuE genes specific to genus Campylobacter , C. jejuni and C. Coli, respectively, after that virulence genes ( flaA and cadF genes) were detected. By using conventional and duplex PCR methods, the overall incidence of Campylobacter was 29% and 25.4 %, respectively. C. jejuni and C. coli by conventional and PCR approaches were identified as 18.1, 5.1%, and 12.3, 7.2%, respectively, while 5.8% mixed infection was discovered by both techniques. Campylobacter species could be isolated from 66.7, 25, 17.5 and 18.3% of fresh chickens, frozen chickens, frozen liver and gizzard, and human, respectively with statistically significant difference. Epidemiologically, the insignificant age risk factor was statistically reported in this study among patients although Campylobacter was dominant in the 21-35 and 36-50 age groups. Campylobacter incidence was higher among females (33.3%) than in males (11.9%). On the other hand, flaA virulence gene was detected in 10.3% of both C. jejuni and C. coli isolated from chickens but could not be detected in human isolates. Whereas cadF virulence gene could be isolated in 20.5, 23.1, 36.4, and 9.1% of C. jejuni and C. coli of chickens′ and human isolates, respectively. In conclusion, the high incidence of Campylobacter in fresh chickens is considered the main risk factor for domestically acquired campylobacteriosis in Aswan Governorate, Egypt, confirming the urgent need for food safety strategies and emphasizing the importance of refrigeration and freezing in controlling bacterial growth in foods.
{"title":"Prevalence and Virulence Genes Profile of Zoonotic Campylobacter species in Chickens and Human in Aswan Governorate","authors":"S. Abbas, M. Karmi, A. Mubarak, A. Youseef","doi":"10.21608/svu.2022.143454.1204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svu.2022.143454.1204","url":null,"abstract":"Campylobacteriosis is considered as one of the most common zoonotic gastrointestinal diseases in the world. Because of the substantial contamination of poultry carcasses and organs with stomach contents during mechanical evisceration, birds and their products are the most common sources of Campylobacter . This study evaluated the mutual function of chickens in the transmission of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli to hospitalized patients in Aswan Governorate, Egypt. Samples were collected randomly from fresh chickens (no= 108) and frozen chickens (no= 100) from different supermarkets in Aswan Province, Egypt as well as 60 diarrheal samples were assembled from hospitalized patients. Biochemical and molecular techniques were employed through duplex polymerase chain reaction objecting the 23S rRNA , mapA and ceuE genes specific to genus Campylobacter , C. jejuni and C. Coli, respectively, after that virulence genes ( flaA and cadF genes) were detected. By using conventional and duplex PCR methods, the overall incidence of Campylobacter was 29% and 25.4 %, respectively. C. jejuni and C. coli by conventional and PCR approaches were identified as 18.1, 5.1%, and 12.3, 7.2%, respectively, while 5.8% mixed infection was discovered by both techniques. Campylobacter species could be isolated from 66.7, 25, 17.5 and 18.3% of fresh chickens, frozen chickens, frozen liver and gizzard, and human, respectively with statistically significant difference. Epidemiologically, the insignificant age risk factor was statistically reported in this study among patients although Campylobacter was dominant in the 21-35 and 36-50 age groups. Campylobacter incidence was higher among females (33.3%) than in males (11.9%). On the other hand, flaA virulence gene was detected in 10.3% of both C. jejuni and C. coli isolated from chickens but could not be detected in human isolates. Whereas cadF virulence gene could be isolated in 20.5, 23.1, 36.4, and 9.1% of C. jejuni and C. coli of chickens′ and human isolates, respectively. In conclusion, the high incidence of Campylobacter in fresh chickens is considered the main risk factor for domestically acquired campylobacteriosis in Aswan Governorate, Egypt, confirming the urgent need for food safety strategies and emphasizing the importance of refrigeration and freezing in controlling bacterial growth in foods.","PeriodicalId":22190,"journal":{"name":"SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47266795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/svu.2022.149203.1213
A. Elshater, H. Mohammed, Z. Al-Amgad, Rana A. Ali
Potential of
的潜力
{"title":"Potential of Aloe vera and Amaryl in amelioration of hyperglycemia correlated with Streptozotocin induced diabetes","authors":"A. Elshater, H. Mohammed, Z. Al-Amgad, Rana A. Ali","doi":"10.21608/svu.2022.149203.1213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svu.2022.149203.1213","url":null,"abstract":"Potential of","PeriodicalId":22190,"journal":{"name":"SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45242275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/svu.2022.147099.1210
E. Ahmed, Noha Abdelmageed, M. Omar, Dina M. W. Shibat El-hamd, A. S. Seddek, S. Morad
Competing interest: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists Abstract Eimeria tenella is one of the most important species of Eimeria that infect domestic fowl, causing coccidiosis in the poultry industry associated with drastic economic loss. Alternative treatment options are often necessary since anticoccidial drugs are prohibitively expensive, have serious side effects, or develop resistance. The role that herbal therapy plays in basic healthcare has been rediscovered worldwide. Consequently, our research assessed the in vitro inhibitory effect of escalated concentrations (6.25 mg, 12.5 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg/ml) of Acacia nilotica aqueous extract (ANAE) on Eimeria tenella sporulation. Statistical analysis revealed that ANAE decreased the percentage of oocyst sporulation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, ANAE showed abnormal sporulation and morphological deterioration of E. tenella oocytes. Area Under the Curve (AUC) calculation was used to determine the efficacy of ANAE and revealed that ANAE concentrations significantly reduced the coccidial score index. At 100 mg/ml, ANAE completely suppressed the sporulation of E. tenella oocysts, with obvious changes to their morphology and size. The phytochemical analysis of ANAE has shown that ANAE contains several active principles that possess anthelmintic activities. These compounds include tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids, which can be attributed to the anticoccidial activity of ANAE. Considering our findings, we recommend that ANAE be used to prevent and control Eimeria.
{"title":"An in vitro evaluation of the inhibitory effects of an aqueous extract of Acacia nilotica on Eimeria tenella.","authors":"E. Ahmed, Noha Abdelmageed, M. Omar, Dina M. W. Shibat El-hamd, A. S. Seddek, S. Morad","doi":"10.21608/svu.2022.147099.1210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svu.2022.147099.1210","url":null,"abstract":"Competing interest: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists Abstract Eimeria tenella is one of the most important species of Eimeria that infect domestic fowl, causing coccidiosis in the poultry industry associated with drastic economic loss. Alternative treatment options are often necessary since anticoccidial drugs are prohibitively expensive, have serious side effects, or develop resistance. The role that herbal therapy plays in basic healthcare has been rediscovered worldwide. Consequently, our research assessed the in vitro inhibitory effect of escalated concentrations (6.25 mg, 12.5 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, and 100 mg/ml) of Acacia nilotica aqueous extract (ANAE) on Eimeria tenella sporulation. Statistical analysis revealed that ANAE decreased the percentage of oocyst sporulation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, ANAE showed abnormal sporulation and morphological deterioration of E. tenella oocytes. Area Under the Curve (AUC) calculation was used to determine the efficacy of ANAE and revealed that ANAE concentrations significantly reduced the coccidial score index. At 100 mg/ml, ANAE completely suppressed the sporulation of E. tenella oocysts, with obvious changes to their morphology and size. The phytochemical analysis of ANAE has shown that ANAE contains several active principles that possess anthelmintic activities. These compounds include tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids, which can be attributed to the anticoccidial activity of ANAE. Considering our findings, we recommend that ANAE be used to prevent and control Eimeria.","PeriodicalId":22190,"journal":{"name":"SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45996418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/svu.2022.148766.1212
Eslam Farag Fouad, Ahmed Saad Ahmed Hassaneen, Hassan Abdel-Sabour A. Hussein, A. M. H. Khalil, Nasra A. Yousef
Citation: Fouad et al., Association between maternal dystocia and both the oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers and blood lactate in parturient Egyptian buffaloes ( Bubalus bubalis ). 5(4): 1-14. Abstract Dystocia is a critical obstetrical problem in farm animals and is classified into maternal or fetal dystocia. The maternal causes of dystocia include different causes such as uterine torsion (UT), failure of cervical dilation (FCD), and uterine inertia (UI). Maternal dystocia induces massive oxidative stress due to increased production of free radicals with high levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). Little information is available on oxidants and antioxidant biomarkers and blood lactate (bLac) in parturient buffaloes with maternal dystocia. The current research aimed to clarify different causes of maternal dystocia in buffaloes and the association between the oxidative stress of parturient buffaloes and different types of maternal dystocia. Thirty-five parturient buffaloes were included in this study. Parturient buffaloes included normal parturition (NP; n=7), UT (n=23), FCD (n=4), and UI (n=1). Ten-ml blood samples were collected via jugular vein puncture into two tubes; plain vacutainer tubes for separation of serum to measure bLac and heparin coated vacutainer tube for separation of plasma for determination of MDA, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The results revealed that the major cause of maternal dystocia in the included buffaloes was UT. The UT was commonly post-cervical, clockwise, and > 180°. UT negatively affected both dam survival and calf viability. In addition, evaluation of oxidants and antioxidants biomarkers indicated that maternal dystocia causes more oxidative stress added to physiological stress of calving. This study found that, 4-days post-treatment period was not sufficient to resume antioxidant defense mechanism in UT buffaloes as no significant changes had been detected throughout the sampling period after treatment of UT. Moreover, evaluation of both GPx and bLac indicated their possible detection as indicators for prognosis of UT cases, where the concentration of GPx was significantly lower and the concentration of bLac was significantly higher in dead/culled buffaloes with UT.
{"title":"Association between maternal dystocia and both the oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers and blood lactate in parturient Egyptian buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)","authors":"Eslam Farag Fouad, Ahmed Saad Ahmed Hassaneen, Hassan Abdel-Sabour A. Hussein, A. M. H. Khalil, Nasra A. Yousef","doi":"10.21608/svu.2022.148766.1212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svu.2022.148766.1212","url":null,"abstract":"Citation: Fouad et al., Association between maternal dystocia and both the oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers and blood lactate in parturient Egyptian buffaloes ( Bubalus bubalis ). 5(4): 1-14. Abstract Dystocia is a critical obstetrical problem in farm animals and is classified into maternal or fetal dystocia. The maternal causes of dystocia include different causes such as uterine torsion (UT), failure of cervical dilation (FCD), and uterine inertia (UI). Maternal dystocia induces massive oxidative stress due to increased production of free radicals with high levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). Little information is available on oxidants and antioxidant biomarkers and blood lactate (bLac) in parturient buffaloes with maternal dystocia. The current research aimed to clarify different causes of maternal dystocia in buffaloes and the association between the oxidative stress of parturient buffaloes and different types of maternal dystocia. Thirty-five parturient buffaloes were included in this study. Parturient buffaloes included normal parturition (NP; n=7), UT (n=23), FCD (n=4), and UI (n=1). Ten-ml blood samples were collected via jugular vein puncture into two tubes; plain vacutainer tubes for separation of serum to measure bLac and heparin coated vacutainer tube for separation of plasma for determination of MDA, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The results revealed that the major cause of maternal dystocia in the included buffaloes was UT. The UT was commonly post-cervical, clockwise, and > 180°. UT negatively affected both dam survival and calf viability. In addition, evaluation of oxidants and antioxidants biomarkers indicated that maternal dystocia causes more oxidative stress added to physiological stress of calving. This study found that, 4-days post-treatment period was not sufficient to resume antioxidant defense mechanism in UT buffaloes as no significant changes had been detected throughout the sampling period after treatment of UT. Moreover, evaluation of both GPx and bLac indicated their possible detection as indicators for prognosis of UT cases, where the concentration of GPx was significantly lower and the concentration of bLac was significantly higher in dead/culled buffaloes with UT.","PeriodicalId":22190,"journal":{"name":"SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44013167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-17DOI: 10.21608/svu.2022.142529.1203
A. Tolba, N. Abdel-Aziz
The study was conducted to determine the incidence of E. coli serotypes in beef and chicken shawarma sandwiches, particularly E. coli O157 : H7. The antibacterial activity of nano-emulsions (NEs) was evaluated, such as cinnamon and rosemary, against E. coli O157:H7. A total of 100 samples from ready-to-eat beef and chicken meat shawarma sandwiches (50 each) were isolated and identified as E. coli using a Sorbitol MacConkey (SMAC) agar assay. The results were confirmed by serology and polymerase chain reaction PCR using the phoA gene, which is specific for E. coli and the fliCH7 gene, which is specific for E. coli O157:H7. Cinnamon and rosemary NEs were prepared, characterized, and evaluated in vitro to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using a well diffusion method. The incidence of E. coli species isolated from beef and chicken shawarma sandwiches samples was 58% and 10%, respectively. While, E. coli O157:H7 was detected in 6% of beef shawarma sandwiches only. Both cinnamon and rosemary NEs exhibited antimicrobial activity against E. coli O157:H7, and the cinnamon NE was more effective compared with that of rosemary with a mean inhibition zone of 7.67 ± 1.202 mm and 7 ± 0.5774 mm at MIC 0.78% and 3.125%. Further studies are required to detect the safety of effectiveness of natural NEs in the food industry.
{"title":"Effect of Cinnamon and Rosemary Nano-Emulsions against Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolated from Shawarma Sandwiches","authors":"A. Tolba, N. Abdel-Aziz","doi":"10.21608/svu.2022.142529.1203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svu.2022.142529.1203","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to determine the incidence of E. coli serotypes in beef and chicken shawarma sandwiches, particularly E. coli O157 : H7. The antibacterial activity of nano-emulsions (NEs) was evaluated, such as cinnamon and rosemary, against E. coli O157:H7. A total of 100 samples from ready-to-eat beef and chicken meat shawarma sandwiches (50 each) were isolated and identified as E. coli using a Sorbitol MacConkey (SMAC) agar assay. The results were confirmed by serology and polymerase chain reaction PCR using the phoA gene, which is specific for E. coli and the fliCH7 gene, which is specific for E. coli O157:H7. Cinnamon and rosemary NEs were prepared, characterized, and evaluated in vitro to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using a well diffusion method. The incidence of E. coli species isolated from beef and chicken shawarma sandwiches samples was 58% and 10%, respectively. While, E. coli O157:H7 was detected in 6% of beef shawarma sandwiches only. Both cinnamon and rosemary NEs exhibited antimicrobial activity against E. coli O157:H7, and the cinnamon NE was more effective compared with that of rosemary with a mean inhibition zone of 7.67 ± 1.202 mm and 7 ± 0.5774 mm at MIC 0.78% and 3.125%. Further studies are required to detect the safety of effectiveness of natural NEs in the food industry.","PeriodicalId":22190,"journal":{"name":"SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46612125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-17DOI: 10.21608/svu.2022.120519.1178
Tasbeeh Mostafa, Khalil Atef, Mouchira mohi el din
Competing interest: The authors have declared that no competing exists. Abstract Deltamethrin (DM) is one of the most environmental and industrial pollutants that are toxic to humans, animals, fishes, and birds. The most common sources of human and animal exposure to deltamethrin (DM) are polluted water and food . This study was done to evaluate the nephrohepatic toxicity of deltamethrin. Twenty-four male rats were used. The first group was used as a control. The second and third groups were given deltamethrin orally in a dose of 1/10 % of the LD50 equal to 0.6mgkg bwt alone plus royal jelly (RJ) at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day for two months, respectively. Oral administration of DM-induced biochemical and histopathological alterations. DM toxicity exhibited changes in the liver and kidney function tests manifested by an increase in AST, ALT, urea, uric acid and creatinine with no changes noticed in plasma proteins when compared to the control group. Giving RJ ameliorated the hepatorenal toxicity by causing recovery in both liver and kidney functions in comparison to DM given group. Pathologically, severe degenerative and necrotic changes in livers and kidneys were present in the deltamethrin group, where it improved to moderate to mild lesions with a protective royal gel substance. This study concluded that royal gel substance has been shown to benefit in lower down the side effects and increasing the rate of improvement of injury induced by deltamethrin.
{"title":"Protective Effects of Royal Jelly against Hepatorenal Toxicity Induced by Deltamethrin in Male Albino Rats: Biochemical and Histopathological Studies.","authors":"Tasbeeh Mostafa, Khalil Atef, Mouchira mohi el din","doi":"10.21608/svu.2022.120519.1178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svu.2022.120519.1178","url":null,"abstract":"Competing interest: The authors have declared that no competing exists. Abstract Deltamethrin (DM) is one of the most environmental and industrial pollutants that are toxic to humans, animals, fishes, and birds. The most common sources of human and animal exposure to deltamethrin (DM) are polluted water and food . This study was done to evaluate the nephrohepatic toxicity of deltamethrin. Twenty-four male rats were used. The first group was used as a control. The second and third groups were given deltamethrin orally in a dose of 1/10 % of the LD50 equal to 0.6mgkg bwt alone plus royal jelly (RJ) at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day for two months, respectively. Oral administration of DM-induced biochemical and histopathological alterations. DM toxicity exhibited changes in the liver and kidney function tests manifested by an increase in AST, ALT, urea, uric acid and creatinine with no changes noticed in plasma proteins when compared to the control group. Giving RJ ameliorated the hepatorenal toxicity by causing recovery in both liver and kidney functions in comparison to DM given group. Pathologically, severe degenerative and necrotic changes in livers and kidneys were present in the deltamethrin group, where it improved to moderate to mild lesions with a protective royal gel substance. This study concluded that royal gel substance has been shown to benefit in lower down the side effects and increasing the rate of improvement of injury induced by deltamethrin.","PeriodicalId":22190,"journal":{"name":"SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45740508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-17DOI: 10.21608/svu.2022.131652.1189
Ola H. Hussein, Karima G. Abdel Hameed, L. El-Malt
Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is an asymptomatic udder infection distributed worldwide that causes significant losses in the dairy industry. The study aims to detect the prevalence of this pathological condition and to identify the most prevalent related pathogens. A total of 440 quarter milk samples from 110 dairy cows were subjected to California mastitis test (CMT) and Modified Whiteside test (MWST) to quantify their efficacy in detecting subclinical mastitis in dairy cows. Quarter-wise prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) was detected in 30.23% and 28.64% samples by CMT and MWST, respectively, while animal-wise prevalence of SCM was recorded in 60% and 55.45% by CMT and MWST, respectively. The left and right forequarter were most susceptible to SCM than other quarters. All positive samples by field tests were subjected to microbiological examinations. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (48.51%) which considered the primary pathogens among the bacterial isolates followed by Coagulase negative Staphylococci (40.09%), Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) (38.12%) and Streptococcus agalactiae ( S. agalactiae ) (13.37%). The sensitivity and specificity of the CMT and MWST were 100%, respectively. The results revealed a strong association between these parameters and the diagnosis of subclinical mastitis in milk samples. In conclusion, the bacteria isolated from SCM play an important role on food poisoning especially S. aureus and E. coli.
{"title":"Prevalence and public health hazards of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows","authors":"Ola H. Hussein, Karima G. Abdel Hameed, L. El-Malt","doi":"10.21608/svu.2022.131652.1189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svu.2022.131652.1189","url":null,"abstract":"Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is an asymptomatic udder infection distributed worldwide that causes significant losses in the dairy industry. The study aims to detect the prevalence of this pathological condition and to identify the most prevalent related pathogens. A total of 440 quarter milk samples from 110 dairy cows were subjected to California mastitis test (CMT) and Modified Whiteside test (MWST) to quantify their efficacy in detecting subclinical mastitis in dairy cows. Quarter-wise prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) was detected in 30.23% and 28.64% samples by CMT and MWST, respectively, while animal-wise prevalence of SCM was recorded in 60% and 55.45% by CMT and MWST, respectively. The left and right forequarter were most susceptible to SCM than other quarters. All positive samples by field tests were subjected to microbiological examinations. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (48.51%) which considered the primary pathogens among the bacterial isolates followed by Coagulase negative Staphylococci (40.09%), Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) (38.12%) and Streptococcus agalactiae ( S. agalactiae ) (13.37%). The sensitivity and specificity of the CMT and MWST were 100%, respectively. The results revealed a strong association between these parameters and the diagnosis of subclinical mastitis in milk samples. In conclusion, the bacteria isolated from SCM play an important role on food poisoning especially S. aureus and E. coli.","PeriodicalId":22190,"journal":{"name":"SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41985781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-08DOI: 10.21608/svu.2022.126055.1182
Alaa Abouzaid, M. A. Abd Al-azeem, Hams M. A. Mohamed
Enterococcus species are one of the most serious pathogens that could pose risk to animal and human also a reservoir of genes encoding antibiotic resistance which can be transferred to other microorganisms. In the last decade, Enterococci become the most frequently reported cause of an abdominal or pelvic infection, septicemia, and enterococcal meningitis in humans. So, this study aimed to focus alight on virulence of these microbes and to show the linkage between antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation in Enterococcus spp . A total of 120 samples of raw milk and cheese were collected from different markets in Qena province, Egypt. These samples were suspected for microbial analysis as culture, biochemical method, VITEK2 system and PCR technique for detection of resistance and virulence genes. The conventional identification showed that 30 isolates were suspected to be Enterococcus spp., VITEK 2 system confirmed the isolates as Enterococcus and classified them into 15 isolates as Enterococcus faecalis ( E. faecalis ),10 isolates as Enterococcus faecium ( E. faecium ) whereas the least species were 5 isolates were Enterococcus gallinarum ( E. gallinarum ). also, our isolates showed their ability to form moderate and weak of biofilm with percentage%66.67% and 16.67% respectively. Also, the results of antimicrobial susceptibility showed high resistance against penicillin, Erythromycin, Amoxicillin, Nitrofurantoin and Cefotaxime. Our study is fueling the concern on a significant relationship between biofilm formation and specific types of antimicrobial resistance in Enterococcus spp. as Cefotaxime, Penicillin, Ampicillin and Erythromycin. Ten isolates were selected and tested by PCR for detection antimicrobial resistance and biofilm genes. The isolates obtained in this study harbored different antimicrobial resistance genes included erm B (80%), bla Z (100%) and van A (30%) and biofilm formation genes included hyl and ef3 314 (100%), esp (90%). Finally, we included, the deterrence of the contamination by Enterococcus spp. in milk and its products becomes necessary by applying strict hygienic measure.
{"title":"Molecular detection of virulence and resistance genes of Enterococcus species isolated from milk and milk products","authors":"Alaa Abouzaid, M. A. Abd Al-azeem, Hams M. A. Mohamed","doi":"10.21608/svu.2022.126055.1182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svu.2022.126055.1182","url":null,"abstract":"Enterococcus species are one of the most serious pathogens that could pose risk to animal and human also a reservoir of genes encoding antibiotic resistance which can be transferred to other microorganisms. In the last decade, Enterococci become the most frequently reported cause of an abdominal or pelvic infection, septicemia, and enterococcal meningitis in humans. So, this study aimed to focus alight on virulence of these microbes and to show the linkage between antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation in Enterococcus spp . A total of 120 samples of raw milk and cheese were collected from different markets in Qena province, Egypt. These samples were suspected for microbial analysis as culture, biochemical method, VITEK2 system and PCR technique for detection of resistance and virulence genes. The conventional identification showed that 30 isolates were suspected to be Enterococcus spp., VITEK 2 system confirmed the isolates as Enterococcus and classified them into 15 isolates as Enterococcus faecalis ( E. faecalis ),10 isolates as Enterococcus faecium ( E. faecium ) whereas the least species were 5 isolates were Enterococcus gallinarum ( E. gallinarum ). also, our isolates showed their ability to form moderate and weak of biofilm with percentage%66.67% and 16.67% respectively. Also, the results of antimicrobial susceptibility showed high resistance against penicillin, Erythromycin, Amoxicillin, Nitrofurantoin and Cefotaxime. Our study is fueling the concern on a significant relationship between biofilm formation and specific types of antimicrobial resistance in Enterococcus spp. as Cefotaxime, Penicillin, Ampicillin and Erythromycin. Ten isolates were selected and tested by PCR for detection antimicrobial resistance and biofilm genes. The isolates obtained in this study harbored different antimicrobial resistance genes included erm B (80%), bla Z (100%) and van A (30%) and biofilm formation genes included hyl and ef3 314 (100%), esp (90%). Finally, we included, the deterrence of the contamination by Enterococcus spp. in milk and its products becomes necessary by applying strict hygienic measure.","PeriodicalId":22190,"journal":{"name":"SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47568848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.21608/svu.2022.136211.1195
Enas Mamdouh, M. Youssef
Aloe Vera gel is used to ameliorate medical complications such as inflammation, wounds, and diabetes. It is utilized as a dairy products supplement to potentiate its nutritive value. However, Aloe Vera was reported as a potential irritant for hepatic and renal tissues. In this study, we investigated the impact of different concentrations of Aloe Vera gel extract alone or as a supplement to yogurt on hepatic and renal functions. Thirty-six male albino rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 6). The groups received either oral administration of distilled water (DW/Control), Aloe Vera gel 10% in DW (AV10), Aloe Vera gel 20% (AV20), plain yogurt (Y), yogurt supplemented with 10% Aloe Vera gel extract (Y+AV10), or yogurt supplemented with 20% Aloe Vera gel extract (Y+AV20). Treatment was carried out daily for one week. Renal and hepatic biochemical parameters were assessed. ALT was significantly increased in the AV20 group compared to the control and AV10 groups. AST level was significantly high in Y+AV20 compared to Y+AV10, Y, and DW groups . No changes were observed in creatinine and urea. Hepatic micrographs showed vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes in the AV20 group, while the Y+AV20 group showed necrosis of parenchyma and individualization of hepatocytes. No significant tissue changes were observed in the kidney. In conclusion, Aloe Vera gel extract, especially with higher concentrations, is irritant to the liver of rats with no prominent impact on the kidney. Moreover, yogurt failed to ameliorate the drastic impact of Aloe Vera on hepatic functions.
{"title":"The adverse impact of Aloe Vera gel extract and Aloe Vera-fortified yogurt on hepatic and renal functions","authors":"Enas Mamdouh, M. Youssef","doi":"10.21608/svu.2022.136211.1195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svu.2022.136211.1195","url":null,"abstract":"Aloe Vera gel is used to ameliorate medical complications such as inflammation, wounds, and diabetes. It is utilized as a dairy products supplement to potentiate its nutritive value. However, Aloe Vera was reported as a potential irritant for hepatic and renal tissues. In this study, we investigated the impact of different concentrations of Aloe Vera gel extract alone or as a supplement to yogurt on hepatic and renal functions. Thirty-six male albino rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 6). The groups received either oral administration of distilled water (DW/Control), Aloe Vera gel 10% in DW (AV10), Aloe Vera gel 20% (AV20), plain yogurt (Y), yogurt supplemented with 10% Aloe Vera gel extract (Y+AV10), or yogurt supplemented with 20% Aloe Vera gel extract (Y+AV20). Treatment was carried out daily for one week. Renal and hepatic biochemical parameters were assessed. ALT was significantly increased in the AV20 group compared to the control and AV10 groups. AST level was significantly high in Y+AV20 compared to Y+AV10, Y, and DW groups . No changes were observed in creatinine and urea. Hepatic micrographs showed vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes in the AV20 group, while the Y+AV20 group showed necrosis of parenchyma and individualization of hepatocytes. No significant tissue changes were observed in the kidney. In conclusion, Aloe Vera gel extract, especially with higher concentrations, is irritant to the liver of rats with no prominent impact on the kidney. Moreover, yogurt failed to ameliorate the drastic impact of Aloe Vera on hepatic functions.","PeriodicalId":22190,"journal":{"name":"SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43944663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.21608/svu.2022.136512.1196
Asmaa Shabaan, Nashwa A. M. Mostafa, Reham I. El-Mahdy, A. Nassar, M. Salah, Alsayed A Mohamed, AbdulRahman A. Saied, Asmaa A. Metwally, M. Youssef, A. Abdeen, H. Madhyastha, Obeid Shanab
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disorder involving the joint, including cartilage and synovial fluids. Recent studies have sought to find curative therapeutics to decrease the adverse effects of OA and relieve associated pain. Globally, knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the most common type of arthritis. The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect copper albumen complex (cu-albumin complex) for the treatment of mono-iodoacetate (MIA)-induced KOA in Albino rats. A total of 50 adult male albino rats were involved and divided as follows; 10 rats were kept normal as negative control; 20 arthritic rats were kept untreated (positive control), and 20 arthritic rats were treated with cu-albumin complex orally for a month. Treated and untreated arthritic rats were divided equally (10 rats each) into mild and severe groups according to the severity of signs. The intra-articular injection of MIA in the right knee joint was used for induction of osteoarthritis. Using Mankin grading score, the results demonstrated that the treated groups had a better histological appearance than the control positive group. Additionally, except for a few shrunken chondrocytes, the mildly treated group showed less degenerative alterations and appeared virtually normal. While the severe treated group showed increased cellularity with decreased degenerated chondrocytes. It concluded that balanced copper consumption has a positive impact on the prevention and treatment of KOA.
{"title":"Ameliorative Effect of Copper Albumin Complex on Proteoglycan in Mono-iodoacetat Induced Osteoarthritis Rat Model","authors":"Asmaa Shabaan, Nashwa A. M. Mostafa, Reham I. El-Mahdy, A. Nassar, M. Salah, Alsayed A Mohamed, AbdulRahman A. Saied, Asmaa A. Metwally, M. Youssef, A. Abdeen, H. Madhyastha, Obeid Shanab","doi":"10.21608/svu.2022.136512.1196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/svu.2022.136512.1196","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disorder involving the joint, including cartilage and synovial fluids. Recent studies have sought to find curative therapeutics to decrease the adverse effects of OA and relieve associated pain. Globally, knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the most common type of arthritis. The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect copper albumen complex (cu-albumin complex) for the treatment of mono-iodoacetate (MIA)-induced KOA in Albino rats. A total of 50 adult male albino rats were involved and divided as follows; 10 rats were kept normal as negative control; 20 arthritic rats were kept untreated (positive control), and 20 arthritic rats were treated with cu-albumin complex orally for a month. Treated and untreated arthritic rats were divided equally (10 rats each) into mild and severe groups according to the severity of signs. The intra-articular injection of MIA in the right knee joint was used for induction of osteoarthritis. Using Mankin grading score, the results demonstrated that the treated groups had a better histological appearance than the control positive group. Additionally, except for a few shrunken chondrocytes, the mildly treated group showed less degenerative alterations and appeared virtually normal. While the severe treated group showed increased cellularity with decreased degenerated chondrocytes. It concluded that balanced copper consumption has a positive impact on the prevention and treatment of KOA.","PeriodicalId":22190,"journal":{"name":"SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49020558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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