Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art013
Abubakar Garba Usman
Universities are very important assets to produce research knowledge. The three major responsibilities of university faculty members are teaching, research, and community service. Balancing these three responsibilities is often very challenging, and the work that suffers most is research. The government of every nation looks up to its universities to produce research knowledge. The goal is to investigate the research output and knowledge translation among faculty members at Jamaica’s national university. A descriptive quantitative cross-sectional design was used for this study. This design was used to collect data from faculty members at one point in time. Most of the respondents (56.3%) perceived a lack of protected time for research as a barrier to research productivity. Seventy-five percent of the respondents reported having published one research article as the first author in the last two years. The majority (75%) of the respondents have concerns about the research policy of the university. The most common perceived barrier to knowledge translation (KT) was a lack of awareness of the concept of KT. The faculty members are experiencing challenges in conducting research and translating research findings. Keywords: Knowledge translation, Research output.
{"title":"Research Output and Knowledge Translation Among Faculty Members of University of Technology, Jamaica","authors":"Abubakar Garba Usman","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art013","url":null,"abstract":"Universities are very important assets to produce research knowledge. The three major responsibilities of university faculty members are teaching, research, and community service. Balancing these three responsibilities is often very challenging, and the work that suffers most is research. The government of every nation looks up to its universities to produce research knowledge. The goal is to investigate the research output and knowledge translation among faculty members at Jamaica’s national university. A descriptive quantitative cross-sectional design was used for this study. This design was used to collect data from faculty members at one point in time. Most of the respondents (56.3%) perceived a lack of protected time for research as a barrier to research productivity. Seventy-five percent of the respondents reported having published one research article as the first author in the last two years. The majority (75%) of the respondents have concerns about the research policy of the university. The most common perceived barrier to knowledge translation (KT) was a lack of awareness of the concept of KT. The faculty members are experiencing challenges in conducting research and translating research findings. Keywords: Knowledge translation, Research output.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"176 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140475305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art006
Halima Mukaddas
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a pervasive human rights issue of great public health importance in Nigeria. This article aims to review and synthesize available knowledge on Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria and provides information that fills the knowledge gap noted in international and global reports related to Nigeria’s experiences. A literature search was conducted on empirical studies in English using the keywords ‘Intimate, Partner, Violence, IPV AND Nigeria.’ The databases searched were Research for Life r4Life, Google Scholar and ProQuest Central and the articles included in this review cover studies published from 2008 to 2023. The results show that IPV studies have multidimensional approaches and are influenced by multi-level predictors across cultural, socioeconomic, and educational factors. Interventions are therefore multiprong to address specific aspects depending on the context. Regional differences exist giving varied results, each community setting may have peculiarities that cannot be generalized to every Nigerian community. Future research should focus on large-scale community-based primary research to address IPV. Keywords: ‘Intimate, Partner, Violence, Domestic Violence, IPV AND Nigeria.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）在尼日利亚是一个普遍存在的人权问题，对公共卫生具有重要意义。本文旨在回顾和总结尼日利亚亲密伴侣暴力方面的现有知识，并提供相关信息，以填补国际和全球报告中有关尼日利亚经验的知识空白。使用关键词 "亲密伴侣、暴力、IPV 和尼日利亚 "对英文实证研究进行了文献检索。所搜索的数据库包括 Research for Life r4Life、Google Scholar 和 ProQuest Central，纳入本综述的文章涵盖了 2008 年至 2023 年发表的研究。结果显示，对 IPV 的研究采用了多维方法，并受到文化、社会经济和教育因素等多层次预测因素的影响。因此，干预措施要多管齐下，根据具体情况解决特定方面的问题。地区差异导致结果各不相同，每个社区环境可能都有其特殊性，不能推广到尼日利亚的每个社区。未来的研究应侧重于以社区为基础的大规模初级研究，以解决 IPV 问题。关键词亲密伴侣暴力、家庭暴力、IPV 和尼日利亚。
{"title":"Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria: A Review of the Literature","authors":"Halima Mukaddas","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art006","url":null,"abstract":"Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a pervasive human rights issue of great public health importance in Nigeria. This article aims to review and synthesize available knowledge on Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria and provides information that fills the knowledge gap noted in international and global reports related to Nigeria’s experiences. A literature search was conducted on empirical studies in English using the keywords ‘Intimate, Partner, Violence, IPV AND Nigeria.’ The databases searched were Research for Life r4Life, Google Scholar and ProQuest Central and the articles included in this review cover studies published from 2008 to 2023. The results show that IPV studies have multidimensional approaches and are influenced by multi-level predictors across cultural, socioeconomic, and educational factors. Interventions are therefore multiprong to address specific aspects depending on the context. Regional differences exist giving varied results, each community setting may have peculiarities that cannot be generalized to every Nigerian community. Future research should focus on large-scale community-based primary research to address IPV. Keywords: ‘Intimate, Partner, Violence, Domestic Violence, IPV AND Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"429 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140472868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art011
Ikenna Obasi Odii, Edson Chipalo
Compelling evidence regarding the HIV/AIDS reduction potentials of male circumcision abounds in sub-Saharan Africa, but men aged 15 to 59 years in Nigeria are mostly circumcised already. Yet, Nigeria continues to experience tens of thousands of deaths due to HIV/AIDS yearly, accounting for one of the highest HIV burdens worldwide. Differentials that may account for new HIV infections and high HIV prevalence rates need to be investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of male circumcision and determine the association between HIV/AIDS/STIs knowledge, contraception methods, and HIV prevention behavioral practices amongst men in Nigeria. This study utilized the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (n= 13,311). Chi-square tests were used to determine the prevalence of male circumcision. Two binary logistic regression models were performed to predict the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The prevalence of male circumcision was higher among men with knowledge of HIV/AIDS (98%) and other STIs (74%), used condoms (70.7%), and only 2.5% of men who sought advice/treatment were circumcised. Further evidence suggested that knowledge of HIV/AIDS was associated with higher odds of consistent condom use (AOR = 2.37; 95% CI =1.12 – 5.02), and knowledge of other STIs was significantly associated with higher odds of seeking advice/treatment for the last STIs (AOR= 3.06; 95% CI = 1.88 – 4.99). This suggests that comprehensive education regarding HIV/AIDS and STIs if prioritized may serve as both a protective and preventive mechanism to achieve HIV epidemic control among men in Nigeria. Keywords: Circumcised men, HIV/AIDS, HIV/AIDS knowledge, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Sexual behaviors, Nigeria.
{"title":"Differentials in Male Circumcision Prevalence, HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Behavioral Prevention Practices Among Men in Nigeria","authors":"Ikenna Obasi Odii, Edson Chipalo","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art011","url":null,"abstract":"Compelling evidence regarding the HIV/AIDS reduction potentials of male circumcision abounds in sub-Saharan Africa, but men aged 15 to 59 years in Nigeria are mostly circumcised already. Yet, Nigeria continues to experience tens of thousands of deaths due to HIV/AIDS yearly, accounting for one of the highest HIV burdens worldwide. Differentials that may account for new HIV infections and high HIV prevalence rates need to be investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of male circumcision and determine the association between HIV/AIDS/STIs knowledge, contraception methods, and HIV prevention behavioral practices amongst men in Nigeria. This study utilized the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (n= 13,311). Chi-square tests were used to determine the prevalence of male circumcision. Two binary logistic regression models were performed to predict the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The prevalence of male circumcision was higher among men with knowledge of HIV/AIDS (98%) and other STIs (74%), used condoms (70.7%), and only 2.5% of men who sought advice/treatment were circumcised. Further evidence suggested that knowledge of HIV/AIDS was associated with higher odds of consistent condom use (AOR = 2.37; 95% CI =1.12 – 5.02), and knowledge of other STIs was significantly associated with higher odds of seeking advice/treatment for the last STIs (AOR= 3.06; 95% CI = 1.88 – 4.99). This suggests that comprehensive education regarding HIV/AIDS and STIs if prioritized may serve as both a protective and preventive mechanism to achieve HIV epidemic control among men in Nigeria. Keywords: Circumcised men, HIV/AIDS, HIV/AIDS knowledge, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Sexual behaviors, Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140478466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art004
David Nono, Ernest Mwebesa, Godfrey Bagenda, I. Okullo, Charles Mugisha Rwenyonyi
Edentulous patients desire to reinstate oral function and aesthetics in the most comfortable state and to regain their self-esteem. Due to racial anatomic differences, there is a need to ascertain the standard height of Occlusal Rim Blocks (ORBs) for edentulous patients in Uganda. This study was aimed at statistical investigation of the standard height of ORBs among patients attending Makerere University Dental Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. This was a cross-sectional quantitative study that comprised 240 pairs of wax ORBs requested by clinicians for patients in need of complete dentures. Consecutive sampling was used to select the ORBs. The height of the anterior and posterior portions of the maxillary and mandibular ORBs were recorded using a pair of pliers and a flexible ruler, and data were entered into Excel and exported into STATA software version 15 for analysis. The mean height for the anterior portion of maxillary ORBs was 19.4 mm and for the posterior, 17.4 mm after adjustment while the mean height for the mandibular counterparts was 16.4 mm and 16.0 mm, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean height of ORB before and after adjustments and between the newly established and internationally accepted standard height of ORB. There was no significant sex difference in the mean height of ORBs. Overall, the mean height of ORBs for the Ugandan population was significantly shorter than the internationally accepted standard height. Keywords: Bite registration, Complete denture, Dental hospital, Edentulous patients, Height, Occlusal rim blocks
{"title":"Statistical Investigation of the Standard Height of Occlusal Rim Blocks among Patients Attending Makerere University Dental Hospital, Kampala, Uganda","authors":"David Nono, Ernest Mwebesa, Godfrey Bagenda, I. Okullo, Charles Mugisha Rwenyonyi","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art004","url":null,"abstract":"Edentulous patients desire to reinstate oral function and aesthetics in the most comfortable state and to regain their self-esteem. Due to racial anatomic differences, there is a need to ascertain the standard height of Occlusal Rim Blocks (ORBs) for edentulous patients in Uganda. This study was aimed at statistical investigation of the standard height of ORBs among patients attending Makerere University Dental Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. This was a cross-sectional quantitative study that comprised 240 pairs of wax ORBs requested by clinicians for patients in need of complete dentures. Consecutive sampling was used to select the ORBs. The height of the anterior and posterior portions of the maxillary and mandibular ORBs were recorded using a pair of pliers and a flexible ruler, and data were entered into Excel and exported into STATA software version 15 for analysis. The mean height for the anterior portion of maxillary ORBs was 19.4 mm and for the posterior, 17.4 mm after adjustment while the mean height for the mandibular counterparts was 16.4 mm and 16.0 mm, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean height of ORB before and after adjustments and between the newly established and internationally accepted standard height of ORB. There was no significant sex difference in the mean height of ORBs. Overall, the mean height of ORBs for the Ugandan population was significantly shorter than the internationally accepted standard height. Keywords: Bite registration, Complete denture, Dental hospital, Edentulous patients, Height, Occlusal rim blocks","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"195 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140474968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art007
Bryan V. Catama, Mary Ann B. Domalanta, Marilyn L. Balmeo, Teresita Dinoc Ignacio, Sheila Marie C. Magat
Parents of children with special learning needs face challenges balancing family needs without sacrificing care. For remote communities, difficulty accessing support compounds struggles. This qualitative phenomenological study explored an extension intervention program's effectiveness empowering parents of children with special needs. Through interviews with participating parents, thematic analysis revealed the program helped in three key empowerment dimensions. Firstly, parents transitioned from limited disability understanding to increased knowledge through educational resources. Secondly, feelings of isolation changed to supportive social networks via connections. Finally, the program equipped parents with resilience skills/mindsets moving from hopelessness towards effective coping. The multidimensional model addressed interrelated cognitive, social and emotional issues impacting parenting. Findings provide valuable insights how holistic, community programs successfully empower/support these families. Further research understands long term impacts and relationships to child outcomes. Keywords: Coping skills, Disability intervention, Family-centered care, Parental empowerment, Resilience, Special needs children.
{"title":"Empowering and Equipping Parents with the Basic Intervention Skills in Handling their Children with Special Learning Needs","authors":"Bryan V. Catama, Mary Ann B. Domalanta, Marilyn L. Balmeo, Teresita Dinoc Ignacio, Sheila Marie C. Magat","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art007","url":null,"abstract":"Parents of children with special learning needs face challenges balancing family needs without sacrificing care. For remote communities, difficulty accessing support compounds struggles. This qualitative phenomenological study explored an extension intervention program's effectiveness empowering parents of children with special needs. Through interviews with participating parents, thematic analysis revealed the program helped in three key empowerment dimensions. Firstly, parents transitioned from limited disability understanding to increased knowledge through educational resources. Secondly, feelings of isolation changed to supportive social networks via connections. Finally, the program equipped parents with resilience skills/mindsets moving from hopelessness towards effective coping. The multidimensional model addressed interrelated cognitive, social and emotional issues impacting parenting. Findings provide valuable insights how holistic, community programs successfully empower/support these families. Further research understands long term impacts and relationships to child outcomes. Keywords: Coping skills, Disability intervention, Family-centered care, Parental empowerment, Resilience, Special needs children.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"101 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140479042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art001
Brig Gen Lawson F. Simapuka
HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed 36.3 million [27.2–47.8 million] lives so far (WHO, 2021). Sub-Sahara Africa remains the far worst affected region, with 20.6 million [16.8 million– 24.4 million] people living with HIV at the end of 2010, compared to 24.4 (22.5-27.3 million) in 2020. Complementary and alternative therapy (CAM) has been used to treat HIV patients by clinicians in conventional health services in combination with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). To determine efficacy of Babao relief capsule when used as an adjuvant to standard HAART in antiretroviral naïve HIV patients. The product is a biological Chinese medicinal preparation, made of herbs. Ingredients include ginseng, beer antler, musk, bezoar, fleeceflower, Chinese angelica, lyceum, pericarpium citri reticulatae, safflower and ophiopogn japonicus. Open Label Phase 1 bridging Clinical trial to study the efficacy of Babao relief capsule when used in combination standard HAART in antiretroviral naïve HIV patients. A total of one hundred and ninety-six (196) adult patients attending the HIV clinic were randomly selected. The interventional group was on Babao relief capsule and HAART while the control group was on HAART only. The study shows general efficacy of the standard HAART drugs. However, the interventional arm showed a significant increase in the CD4 cell count, showing that BRC had booster effects in the efficacy of HAART. Keywords: HIV, Complementary and alternative therapy, Babao relief capsule, standard highly active antiretroviral therapy.
{"title":"Open Label, Single Centre Study of Babao Relief Capsule as an Adjuvant to HAART in Antiretroviral Naive HIV Patients","authors":"Brig Gen Lawson F. Simapuka","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art001","url":null,"abstract":"HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed 36.3 million [27.2–47.8 million] lives so far (WHO, 2021). Sub-Sahara Africa remains the far worst affected region, with 20.6 million [16.8 million– 24.4 million] people living with HIV at the end of 2010, compared to 24.4 (22.5-27.3 million) in 2020. Complementary and alternative therapy (CAM) has been used to treat HIV patients by clinicians in conventional health services in combination with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). To determine efficacy of Babao relief capsule when used as an adjuvant to standard HAART in antiretroviral naïve HIV patients. The product is a biological Chinese medicinal preparation, made of herbs. Ingredients include ginseng, beer antler, musk, bezoar, fleeceflower, Chinese angelica, lyceum, pericarpium citri reticulatae, safflower and ophiopogn japonicus. Open Label Phase 1 bridging Clinical trial to study the efficacy of Babao relief capsule when used in combination standard HAART in antiretroviral naïve HIV patients. A total of one hundred and ninety-six (196) adult patients attending the HIV clinic were randomly selected. The interventional group was on Babao relief capsule and HAART while the control group was on HAART only. The study shows general efficacy of the standard HAART drugs. However, the interventional arm showed a significant increase in the CD4 cell count, showing that BRC had booster effects in the efficacy of HAART. Keywords: HIV, Complementary and alternative therapy, Babao relief capsule, standard highly active antiretroviral therapy.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"795 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140476444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art002
Ntampera Jean Marie, Amitabye Luximon-Ramma, Nshimirimana Jacques
Health system contributing to health security constituting an approach that harmoniously brings together efforts to strengthen the resources and capacities necessary for the implementation of the International Health Regulations, the components of health systems and those of other sectors for effective management of health emergencies, while maintaining the continuity of essential health services. The countries that have a weak health system face many challenges related to health security. A descriptive study was used during this study to identify if Burundi health system is contributing to the health security. 5health zones have been selected and 350 individuals questioned if they have received health education related to diseases with epidemic potential and if they have suffered from them. A questionnaire which includes the diseases with epidemic potential was distributed to 350 respondents between 20 to 55 years old. The majority (58%) of the respondents were female compared to 42% male. Most (93.0 %) respondents have received health education related to prevention of diseases with epidemic potential. The result shows significant differences in location, gender, marital status, occupation, and several outbreaks (P<0.001). The future research should focus on the re-organization of health systems to respond effectively to different heath threats, especially these can spread locally and globally. Identification of all these issues that can spread to neighbors, and which can cause high morbidity and mortality. of the country, the gaps, and priorities and to know where to convey the efforts for universal health coverage. Keywords: Burundi, Epidemic potential, Health system, health security, prevention.
{"title":"Analysis of Health System for Health Security: Case of Burundi","authors":"Ntampera Jean Marie, Amitabye Luximon-Ramma, Nshimirimana Jacques","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art002","url":null,"abstract":"Health system contributing to health security constituting an approach that harmoniously brings together efforts to strengthen the resources and capacities necessary for the implementation of the International Health Regulations, the components of health systems and those of other sectors for effective management of health emergencies, while maintaining the continuity of essential health services. The countries that have a weak health system face many challenges related to health security. A descriptive study was used during this study to identify if Burundi health system is contributing to the health security. 5health zones have been selected and 350 individuals questioned if they have received health education related to diseases with epidemic potential and if they have suffered from them. A questionnaire which includes the diseases with epidemic potential was distributed to 350 respondents between 20 to 55 years old. The majority (58%) of the respondents were female compared to 42% male. Most (93.0 %) respondents have received health education related to prevention of diseases with epidemic potential. The result shows significant differences in location, gender, marital status, occupation, and several outbreaks (P<0.001). The future research should focus on the re-organization of health systems to respond effectively to different heath threats, especially these can spread locally and globally. Identification of all these issues that can spread to neighbors, and which can cause high morbidity and mortality. of the country, the gaps, and priorities and to know where to convey the efforts for universal health coverage. Keywords: Burundi, Epidemic potential, Health system, health security, prevention.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"337 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent a major public health concern for young people in developing nations, impacting approximately two-thirds of individuals below the age of 25. This study examined the prevalence and the association between self-reported STIs, childhood violence exposure, and mental health outcomes among adolescents and young adults (13-24 years old) in Zimbabwe. Secondary data from the 2017 Zimbabwe Violence Against Children and Youth Survey (n=8,715) was utilized. Data analysis was performed using chisquare to determine the prevalence estimates for bivariate. Seven logistic regression models were used to examine the significant association between independent variables and outcomes for multivariate. About 45.5% of adolescents and young adults with self-reported STIs were exposed to multiple forms of childhood violence, 49.8% reported lifetime suicide risk, and 44.9% reported moderate-to-severe mental distress in the past 30 days. Furthermore, logistic regression results indicated that adolescents and young adults with self-reported STI diagnoses were more likely to be exposed to multiple forms of childhood violence, including physical, emotional, and sexual violence, as well as mental distress in the past 30 days and lifetime suicide risk compared to those without STIs. Therefore, this study underscores the importance of implementing comprehensive public health strategies to protect the wellbeing of adolescents and young adults with STIs. Interventions should also prioritize raising awareness, destigmatizing STIs, implementing and strengthening violence prevention policies, and addressing mental health problems through community mental health treatment programs in Zimbabwe. Keywords: Childhood violence, Emotional violence, Exposure, Mental distress, Physical violence, Sexual violence, Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), Suicide risk, Zimbabwe.
{"title":"The Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Subsequent Association with Exposure to Childhood Violence and Mental Health Outcomes for Adolescents and Young Adults in Zimbabwe","authors":"Edson Chipalo, Ikenna Obasi Odii, Aaron Faro Mvula, Simon Mwima, Lameck Kapupa","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art012","url":null,"abstract":"Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent a major public health concern for young people in developing nations, impacting approximately two-thirds of individuals below the age of 25. This study examined the prevalence and the association between self-reported STIs, childhood violence exposure, and mental health outcomes among adolescents and young adults (13-24 years old) in Zimbabwe. Secondary data from the 2017 Zimbabwe Violence Against Children and Youth Survey (n=8,715) was utilized. Data analysis was performed using chisquare to determine the prevalence estimates for bivariate. Seven logistic regression models were used to examine the significant association between independent variables and outcomes for multivariate. About 45.5% of adolescents and young adults with self-reported STIs were exposed to multiple forms of childhood violence, 49.8% reported lifetime suicide risk, and 44.9% reported moderate-to-severe mental distress in the past 30 days. Furthermore, logistic regression results indicated that adolescents and young adults with self-reported STI diagnoses were more likely to be exposed to multiple forms of childhood violence, including physical, emotional, and sexual violence, as well as mental distress in the past 30 days and lifetime suicide risk compared to those without STIs. Therefore, this study underscores the importance of implementing comprehensive public health strategies to protect the wellbeing of adolescents and young adults with STIs. Interventions should also prioritize raising awareness, destigmatizing STIs, implementing and strengthening violence prevention policies, and addressing mental health problems through community mental health treatment programs in Zimbabwe. Keywords: Childhood violence, Emotional violence, Exposure, Mental distress, Physical violence, Sexual violence, Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), Suicide risk, Zimbabwe.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"63 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140475931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art009
Edson Chipalo, Ikenna Obasi Odii
Exposure to multiple forms of violence increases the risk of developing psychiatric illnesses such as depression, PTSD, and other mental health problems. Despite this, studies investigating the relationship between psychological distress and childhood violence exposure are limited. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of childhood violence across psychological distress and examined the association between vulnerability to psychological distress and experiencing childhood violence among Zimbabwean adolescents. Utilizing data from the 2017 Zimbabwe Violence Against Children Survey (ZVACS), a representative household survey of adolescents aged 13 to 19 (n=5344), we employed chisquare tests to determine the prevalence estimates across independent and dependent variables. Additionally, four sets of logistic regression models (both unadjusted and adjusted) were performed to predict significant associations between independent and dependent variables. Prevalence results indicated that among adolescents experiencing moderate-to-severe psychological distress, 35.3% had experienced childhood physical violence, 27.2% emotional violence, 15% sexual violence, and 51.2% had been exposed to multiple forms of violence. Similarly, regression results indicated that adolescents with moderate-to-severe psychological distress had higher odds of experiencing childhood physical violence (aOR=2.13), emotional violence (aOR=3.69), sexual violence (aOR=1.93), and multiple forms of violence (aOR=2.59) compared to their counterparts without psychological distress in the past 30 days. These findings underscore the need for interventions that prioritize education and increased access to mental health treatment programs. Moreover, addressing evolving cultural norms and enforcing existing legislation to curb violence are crucial steps to mitigate the risk of further victimization in Zimbabwe. Keywords: Psychological distress, emotional violence, sexual violence, physical violence, childhood, adolescence, Zimbabwe.
接触多种形式的暴力会增加罹患抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍等精神疾病和其他心理健康问题的风险。尽管如此，调查心理困扰与童年暴力暴露之间关系的研究却很有限。本研究旨在估算津巴布韦青少年在不同心理困扰下的童年暴力发生率，并考察心理困扰脆弱性与经历童年暴力之间的关联。2017年津巴布韦暴力侵害儿童调查（Zimbabwe Violence Against Children Survey，ZVACS）是一项针对13至19岁青少年（n=5344）的具有代表性的家庭调查，利用该调查的数据，我们采用了秩方检验来确定自变量和因变量的流行率估计值。此外，我们还建立了四组逻辑回归模型（包括未调整模型和调整模型），以预测自变量和因变量之间的重要关联。流行率结果显示，在经历中度至重度心理困扰的青少年中，35.3%的人曾在童年时期遭受过身体暴力，27.2%的人遭受过情感暴力，15%的人遭受过性暴力，51.2%的人遭受过多种形式的暴力。同样，回归结果表明，与没有心理困扰的青少年相比，有中度至重度心理困扰的青少年在过去30天内经历过童年身体暴力（aOR=2.13）、情感暴力（aOR=3.69）、性暴力（aOR=1.93）和多种形式暴力（aOR=2.59）的几率更高。这些发现突出表明，有必要采取干预措施，将教育和增加心理健康治疗项目的可及性放在首位。此外，在津巴布韦，解决不断演变的文化规范问题和执行现有法律以遏制暴力是降低进一步受害风险的关键步骤。关键词心理困扰、情感暴力、性暴力、身体暴力、童年、青春期、津巴布韦。
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Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art017
Michael Mukiibi, Mshilla Maghanga
This research explores smartphone ownership and usage among Ugandan slum-dwelling women, assessing their readiness for mobile health maternal and child health interventions. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a survey of 200 women and in-depth interviews with 23 participants. Findings reveal significant smartphone usage and a positive disposition towards receiving health information digitally. Women valued the informative nature and convenience of health messages on their phones. Challenges identified include costs and technological literacy. The study underscores the potential of mHealth solutions in low-income settings, highlighting the necessity for accessible and user-friendly technology. Keywords: mHealth, Maternal Health, Smartphone Ownership, Slum Settings, Technology Acceptance, User Attitude, Uganda.
{"title":"Evaluating Smartphone Ownership and Usage for Maternal and Child Health in a Ugandan Slum","authors":"Michael Mukiibi, Mshilla Maghanga","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art017","url":null,"abstract":"This research explores smartphone ownership and usage among Ugandan slum-dwelling women, assessing their readiness for mobile health maternal and child health interventions. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a survey of 200 women and in-depth interviews with 23 participants. Findings reveal significant smartphone usage and a positive disposition towards receiving health information digitally. Women valued the informative nature and convenience of health messages on their phones. Challenges identified include costs and technological literacy. The study underscores the potential of mHealth solutions in low-income settings, highlighting the necessity for accessible and user-friendly technology. Keywords: mHealth, Maternal Health, Smartphone Ownership, Slum Settings, Technology Acceptance, User Attitude, Uganda.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"156 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140475162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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