Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art010
Nandipha Hanene
It is important to monitor HIV clients in ART treatment using viral load testing in an effort to meet the third 95 strategy of UNAIDS 95-95-95, which is viral load suppression. The target “95-95-95” strategy is expected to be achieved by 2030. Unfortunately, there is insufficient regional data, especially in the third “95”. Screening for viral load in low- and middle-income countries allows VLS monitoring of individual categories and demographics, necessary to achieve global epidemic control. The aim of this study was to find progress in the three [3] rural health centers in Ndola District on the achievement of VLS among HIV-positive patients on ART and related factors affecting the program. Sociodemography data, including age, gender, drug type and duration of treatment and laboratory variability [current viral load results], were extracted from client records using the SmartCare system. VL suppression and failure are determined using WHO definitions [viral pressure such as viral load <1000 copies/ml and virologic failure ≥1000 copies/ml]. Regular clinic [used as a proxy for adherence to medication and medication] will be defined as monthly clinical access to HAART treatment and other clinical management over the past 12 months.
{"title":"Factors Associated with Viral Load Suppression amongst People Living with HIV on Highly Active Anti-retroviral Therapy [Haart] at Kaloko, Chipulukusu and Kantolomba Art Health Facilities of Ndola District","authors":"Nandipha Hanene","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art010","url":null,"abstract":"It is important to monitor HIV clients in ART treatment using viral load testing in an effort to meet the third 95 strategy of UNAIDS 95-95-95, which is viral load suppression. The target “95-95-95” strategy is expected to be achieved by 2030. Unfortunately, there is insufficient regional data, especially in the third “95”. Screening for viral load in low- and middle-income countries allows VLS monitoring of individual categories and demographics, necessary to achieve global epidemic control. The aim of this study was to find progress in the three [3] rural health centers in Ndola District on the achievement of VLS among HIV-positive patients on ART and related factors affecting the program. Sociodemography data, including age, gender, drug type and duration of treatment and laboratory variability [current viral load results], were extracted from client records using the SmartCare system. VL suppression and failure are determined using WHO definitions [viral pressure such as viral load <1000 copies/ml and virologic failure ≥1000 copies/ml]. Regular clinic [used as a proxy for adherence to medication and medication] will be defined as monthly clinical access to HAART treatment and other clinical management over the past 12 months.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84195764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art009
Akhil Mehrotra
XStrain 4D Speckle tracking echocardiography is a novel approach to address both the strain deformation and rotational mechanics of LV. The aim was to comprehensively present the normal value ranges of LV strain and rotational parameters of healthy Indian adults after assessment with this innovative technique. The study population comprising of 80 adults (58 males, 22 females; Group A < 30 years, Group B > 31 years) is revealing the values of Global longitudinal strain (GLS), Global longitudinal strain rate (GLSR), Transverse strain (TS), Transverse strain rate (TSR), Shear and Shear rate are greater in men than in women (p<0.01) and moreover in Group A, Global Circumferential strain (GCS), Global Circumferential strain rate (GCSR), Global Radial strain and Global Radial strain rate (GRSR) were similarly higher in men. Peak apical rotation, peak twist, twist rate and untwist rate values were again greater in men (p<0.01) and increased with advancing age. This is the first study to present a candid and comprehensive analysis of extensive parameters of LV strain and rotational mechanics in healthy Indian adults.
{"title":"Normal Value Ranges of LV Deformation, Rotation and Twist Parameters in Healthy Adults by 4Dimensional XStrain Speckle Tracking Echocardiography","authors":"Akhil Mehrotra","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art009","url":null,"abstract":"XStrain 4D Speckle tracking echocardiography is a novel approach to address both the strain deformation and rotational mechanics of LV. The aim was to comprehensively present the normal value ranges of LV strain and rotational parameters of healthy Indian adults after assessment with this innovative technique. The study population comprising of 80 adults (58 males, 22 females; Group A < 30 years, Group B > 31 years) is revealing the values of Global longitudinal strain (GLS), Global longitudinal strain rate (GLSR), Transverse strain (TS), Transverse strain rate (TSR), Shear and Shear rate are greater in men than in women (p<0.01) and moreover in Group A, Global Circumferential strain (GCS), Global Circumferential strain rate (GCSR), Global Radial strain and Global Radial strain rate (GRSR) were similarly higher in men. Peak apical rotation, peak twist, twist rate and untwist rate values were again greater in men (p<0.01) and increased with advancing age. This is the first study to present a candid and comprehensive analysis of extensive parameters of LV strain and rotational mechanics in healthy Indian adults.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78022484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art013
E. S. S
The advancement in “technology” has brought with it an information explosion causing excessive information everywhere. Hence, there is a huge amount of information resulting in information overload. Information overload is being experienced everywhere, in public and private organizations, institutions, government officers, information users, individuals and so on. This study, therefore, attempts to examine the causes of information overload and the role of librarians in information dissemination in tertiary institutions in Cross River State, Nigeria. Seventy-two (72) librarians from tertiary institutions in the state were used as the population for the study. A structured questionnaire was developed by the researchers for data collection. Data collected was analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The result revealed that receiving repetitive massages, an explosion in the volume of information sources, and the advent of technological innovation, among others, are the major causes of information overload. The study also revealed that SDI, e-SDI, referral services, and CAS are the major ways through which librarians can disseminate information promptly to users. The study further revealed that information filtering, and information withdrawal, among others, are the major strategies used by librarians in Cross River state to improve and remedy information overload. Based on the findings, it was recommended, among others, that librarians and information professionals should provide effective and innovative ways/strategies for tackling the problem of information overload.
{"title":"Information Overload and the Role of Librarians in Information Dissemination in Tertiary Institutions in Cross River State, Nigeria","authors":"E. S. S","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art013","url":null,"abstract":"The advancement in “technology” has brought with it an information explosion causing excessive information everywhere. Hence, there is a huge amount of information resulting in information overload. Information overload is being experienced everywhere, in public and private organizations, institutions, government officers, information users, individuals and so on. This study, therefore, attempts to examine the causes of information overload and the role of librarians in information dissemination in tertiary institutions in Cross River State, Nigeria. Seventy-two (72) librarians from tertiary institutions in the state were used as the population for the study. A structured questionnaire was developed by the researchers for data collection. Data collected was analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The result revealed that receiving repetitive massages, an explosion in the volume of information sources, and the advent of technological innovation, among others, are the major causes of information overload. The study also revealed that SDI, e-SDI, referral services, and CAS are the major ways through which librarians can disseminate information promptly to users. The study further revealed that information filtering, and information withdrawal, among others, are the major strategies used by librarians in Cross River state to improve and remedy information overload. Based on the findings, it was recommended, among others, that librarians and information professionals should provide effective and innovative ways/strategies for tackling the problem of information overload.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74730864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art006
J. Namabira
The study investigates into the factors influencing the adoption of e-HRM technologies in order to propose a framework for the adoption of new e-technologies and practices during critical times of disruption, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity, as is with the case of the Covid-19 pandemic. Through the identification of the factors that influence the adoption of e-HRM technologies in one of the biggest commercial banks in Tanzania, the paper proposes a new e-Technologies and Practices Adoption Framework (Ne-TPAF) in order to promote the adoption of new e-technologies and practices during and after the abnormal times.
{"title":"New E-Technologies and Practices Adoption Framework (Ne-TPAF) Dealing with the Crucial Times","authors":"J. Namabira","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art006","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigates into the factors influencing the adoption of e-HRM technologies in order to propose a framework for the adoption of new e-technologies and practices during critical times of disruption, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity, as is with the case of the Covid-19 pandemic. Through the identification of the factors that influence the adoption of e-HRM technologies in one of the biggest commercial banks in Tanzania, the paper proposes a new e-Technologies and Practices Adoption Framework (Ne-TPAF) in order to promote the adoption of new e-technologies and practices during and after the abnormal times.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85495371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art004
A. Kamanzi
The paper examines if gender matters in the use of emails in the enterprises of Namibia. The paper is based on the usefulness of emails in business organizations, using the Namibia Enterprise Survey data collected from 580 enterprises by the World Bank in 2014/2015 in order to test a null hypothesis that there is no association in the use of emails between women and men top-managed enterprises in Namibia. The paper finds out that there is an association with men in top-managed enterprises using more emails than women’s top-managed organizations. This finding signifies the institutionalized gender digital divide in enterprises, signalling the marginal benefit of advantages accruing from emails in the enterprises that are top managed by women. Hence, gender matters.
{"title":"Does Gender Matter in the Adoption of Emails in the Namibian Enterprises?","authors":"A. Kamanzi","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art004","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines if gender matters in the use of emails in the enterprises of Namibia. The paper is based on the usefulness of emails in business organizations, using the Namibia Enterprise Survey data collected from 580 enterprises by the World Bank in 2014/2015 in order to test a null hypothesis that there is no association in the use of emails between women and men top-managed enterprises in Namibia. The paper finds out that there is an association with men in top-managed enterprises using more emails than women’s top-managed organizations. This finding signifies the institutionalized gender digital divide in enterprises, signalling the marginal benefit of advantages accruing from emails in the enterprises that are top managed by women. Hence, gender matters.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83419676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art007
Olanrewaju Samuel
The purpose of the study was to investigate project management best practices in Nigeria’s telecommunication industry. Data was collected across 379 telecommunication firms and analyzed using the descriptive method. The study found that telecommunication firms in Nigeria adopt the best project management practices. Best project management practices are widespread in the telecommunication industry in Nigeria. The project management practices adopted by telecommunication firms include holding initial meetings of all the project stakeholders, the development of project scope management, keeping all related parties updated throughout the project’s lifecycle, the creating of resource plan, the creation of a response risk team, transparency in the implementation of projects, setting realistic project milestone and review of project performance.
{"title":"An Investigation into Project Management Best Practices in Nigeria’s Telecommunication Industry","authors":"Olanrewaju Samuel","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art007","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to investigate project management best practices in Nigeria’s telecommunication industry. Data was collected across 379 telecommunication firms and analyzed using the descriptive method. The study found that telecommunication firms in Nigeria adopt the best project management practices. Best project management practices are widespread in the telecommunication industry in Nigeria. The project management practices adopted by telecommunication firms include holding initial meetings of all the project stakeholders, the development of project scope management, keeping all related parties updated throughout the project’s lifecycle, the creating of resource plan, the creation of a response risk team, transparency in the implementation of projects, setting realistic project milestone and review of project performance.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76618500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art012
Jeremiah Momo Gbellay
Under the able leadership of Her Excellency Madam Sirleaf, the government envisioned that to address the many unemployment in Liberia, it was prudent to decentralize governance and all government services appertaining transportation from the transport ministry to the national transit authority (NTA) to alleviate huge unemployment deficiency with employment. Therefore, affordable public transportation for Liberians was identified as one of the areas for strategic intervention. Significantly, the remodeling of the Monrovia Transit Authority (MTA) into the National Transit Authority (NTA) tries to pursue decentralization to provide affordable, convenient, and reliable mass transit services to citizens throughout the breadth of the country for all citizenries. After over a decade of post-conflict growth and relative peace and stability since the end of the 1989-2003 conflict, Liberia’s transport infrastructure and logistics sector have the potential for enormous growth and development. Over the past period, there has been an increasing emphasis on supply chain and logistics management as a medium for firms to achieve competitive advantage in markets (Collins, 2003. P. 8). A large number of examples in the 1990s show how countries have made significant investments to streamline the supply chain to improve customer satisfaction and increase the internal productivity of their economy. In conclusion, this paper fully explores both the framework for and an analysis of such reflections of the civil unrest conflicts in Liberia and assessing the social and economic impact of logistics management of the Liberian economy.
{"title":"Assessing the Social and Economic Impact of Logistics Management on the Liberian Economy (the National Transit Authority 2015-2018)","authors":"Jeremiah Momo Gbellay","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art012","url":null,"abstract":"Under the able leadership of Her Excellency Madam Sirleaf, the government envisioned that to address the many unemployment in Liberia, it was prudent to decentralize governance and all government services appertaining transportation from the transport ministry to the national transit authority (NTA) to alleviate huge unemployment deficiency with employment. Therefore, affordable public transportation for Liberians was identified as one of the areas for strategic intervention. Significantly, the remodeling of the Monrovia Transit Authority (MTA) into the National Transit Authority (NTA) tries to pursue decentralization to provide affordable, convenient, and reliable mass transit services to citizens throughout the breadth of the country for all citizenries. After over a decade of post-conflict growth and relative peace and stability since the end of the 1989-2003 conflict, Liberia’s transport infrastructure and logistics sector have the potential for enormous growth and development. Over the past period, there has been an increasing emphasis on supply chain and logistics management as a medium for firms to achieve competitive advantage in markets (Collins, 2003. P. 8). A large number of examples in the 1990s show how countries have made significant investments to streamline the supply chain to improve customer satisfaction and increase the internal productivity of their economy. In conclusion, this paper fully explores both the framework for and an analysis of such reflections of the civil unrest conflicts in Liberia and assessing the social and economic impact of logistics management of the Liberian economy.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74847210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art001
Roxanne Stowe Maloney
The existence of a treatment gap for persons with mental disorders has led the WHO to implore leaders around the world to integrate mental health services into the community or primary health care system. Whilst there are strengths, there are great challenges to the integration process that are hindering the implementation of this initiative in developing countries. The aim of this paper is to synthesize evidence from various researchers regarding the strengths and challenges to the integration of mental health services into the primary or community health care system in developing countries. The sources of information included Pubmed, Medline, Google Scholar, Ebsco Host, and the WHO website. Seventeen (17) studies met the inclusion criteria out of the search results of 2,200. The challenges most reported were inadequate support and supervision structures; lack of key resources, limited Knowledge, inadequate training, and lack of experience of healthcare providers in mental health; time constraints for the primary healthcare workers; lack of regulatory measures to encourage the integration. The strengths most reported were health care workers’ acceptance of responsibility to provide mental health services in the community setting. This paper has proven a number of strengths and challenges regarding the integration of mental health services into the primary or community health care system. It is hoped that this paper will assist stakeholders and policymakers in overcoming the majority of the challenges identified in the integration of mental health services in the primary health care system.
{"title":"Strengths and Challenges to the Integration of Mental Health Services into the Primary Health Care System in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review","authors":"Roxanne Stowe Maloney","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art001","url":null,"abstract":"The existence of a treatment gap for persons with mental disorders has led the WHO to implore leaders around the world to integrate mental health services into the community or primary health care system. Whilst there are strengths, there are great challenges to the integration process that are hindering the implementation of this initiative in developing countries. The aim of this paper is to synthesize evidence from various researchers regarding the strengths and challenges to the integration of mental health services into the primary or community health care system in developing countries. The sources of information included Pubmed, Medline, Google Scholar, Ebsco Host, and the WHO website. Seventeen (17) studies met the inclusion criteria out of the search results of 2,200. The challenges most reported were inadequate support and supervision structures; lack of key resources, limited Knowledge, inadequate training, and lack of experience of healthcare providers in mental health; time constraints for the primary healthcare workers; lack of regulatory measures to encourage the integration. The strengths most reported were health care workers’ acceptance of responsibility to provide mental health services in the community setting. This paper has proven a number of strengths and challenges regarding the integration of mental health services into the primary or community health care system. It is hoped that this paper will assist stakeholders and policymakers in overcoming the majority of the challenges identified in the integration of mental health services in the primary health care system.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76197231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art008
G. Eneh
The purpose of this study was to explore the perception regarding the health care financing system and its advancement towards health coverage in Nigeria among residents of Awka, Anambra state. An exploratory survey approach was used; and entailed the collection of both qualitative and quantitative data from 360 participants using one set of structured questionnaires, which was also used as an interview guide to collect data from the non-literate respondents. The findings reveal that majority of the respondents do not have knowledge of what the health care financing system involves, whether, on generation, allocation, or utilization of funds for health care, and thus do not agree with whatever the objectives of health care financing system is in Nigeria. Out-of-pocket expenditure has been reported as the mechanism commonly used for implementing a health financing system in Nigeria. There is little or no knowledge regarding the objective of pooling resources for health and no knowledge of how the government secures health services for the populace. Nigeria should develop and implement health financing policies that ensure contributions from relevant stakeholders aimed at investing in individuals, families, and communities, ensuring capacity development that will enable their active and meaningful engagement in health issues. This will thus optimize their knowledge as advocates for healthy policies, active co-developers of health and social services, and implementers of these services.
{"title":"Perception Regarding Health Care Financing System and Its Advancement towards Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria among Residents of Awka, Anambra State","authors":"G. Eneh","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.09.02.art008","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to explore the perception regarding the health care financing system and its advancement towards health coverage in Nigeria among residents of Awka, Anambra state. An exploratory survey approach was used; and entailed the collection of both qualitative and quantitative data from 360 participants using one set of structured questionnaires, which was also used as an interview guide to collect data from the non-literate respondents. The findings reveal that majority of the respondents do not have knowledge of what the health care financing system involves, whether, on generation, allocation, or utilization of funds for health care, and thus do not agree with whatever the objectives of health care financing system is in Nigeria. Out-of-pocket expenditure has been reported as the mechanism commonly used for implementing a health financing system in Nigeria. There is little or no knowledge regarding the objective of pooling resources for health and no knowledge of how the government secures health services for the populace. Nigeria should develop and implement health financing policies that ensure contributions from relevant stakeholders aimed at investing in individuals, families, and communities, ensuring capacity development that will enable their active and meaningful engagement in health issues. This will thus optimize their knowledge as advocates for healthy policies, active co-developers of health and social services, and implementers of these services.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72703936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-13DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.se.22.01.art002
Odis Adaora Isabella
Vaccination is undoubtedly one of the foremost important preventive measures of modern times; epidemics are feared as one of the most damaging phenomena in human societies. Aim: The thesis unveiled how the interplay between the probability of infection, vaccine effectiveness, and cost gives rise to non–linear responses in vaccine uptake. The study design was a cross-sectional descriptive study that used pretested closed-ended questionnaire that was distributed to the respondents. The sample size of 375 was adopted, which was calculated from the target population using the Cochrane formula for sample size calculation. Parents/guardians that strongly believe politicians should be role models that encourage vaccination were 61.87%, while 50.67% of mothers/caregivers were not sure if there is still a link between MMR vaccination and autism. The majority of parents/guardians (55.47% + 29.87%) strongly agree plus agree that media reports on vaccination programmes encourage them to vaccinate their children. 32.80% strongly agree, and 22.40% agree that the media exaggerates reports about disease outbreaks. Conclusion: The level of education plays an important role in the level of knowledge and attitude towards epidemics and vaccination. Income and Cost of vaccines affect vaccination uptake because of the present economic situation in Nigeria. Media plays a key role in vaccination campaigns, awareness, and intervention and should be promoted more to achieve the goal of ensuring all children are vaccinated properly. Doctors and Public Health Nurses have a major role to play in terms of influencing parents/guardian’s vaccination uptake.
{"title":"Epidemics and Vaccination Dilemma in Complex Networks: A Case Study of Kosefe and Shomolu Local Government Area Lagos Nigeria","authors":"Odis Adaora Isabella","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.se.22.01.art002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.se.22.01.art002","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccination is undoubtedly one of the foremost important preventive measures of modern times; epidemics are feared as one of the most damaging phenomena in human societies. Aim: The thesis unveiled how the interplay between the probability of infection, vaccine effectiveness, and cost gives rise to non–linear responses in vaccine uptake. The study design was a cross-sectional descriptive study that used pretested closed-ended questionnaire that was distributed to the respondents. The sample size of 375 was adopted, which was calculated from the target population using the Cochrane formula for sample size calculation. Parents/guardians that strongly believe politicians should be role models that encourage vaccination were 61.87%, while 50.67% of mothers/caregivers were not sure if there is still a link between MMR vaccination and autism. The majority of parents/guardians (55.47% + 29.87%) strongly agree plus agree that media reports on vaccination programmes encourage them to vaccinate their children. 32.80% strongly agree, and 22.40% agree that the media exaggerates reports about disease outbreaks. Conclusion: The level of education plays an important role in the level of knowledge and attitude towards epidemics and vaccination. Income and Cost of vaccines affect vaccination uptake because of the present economic situation in Nigeria. Media plays a key role in vaccination campaigns, awareness, and intervention and should be promoted more to achieve the goal of ensuring all children are vaccinated properly. Doctors and Public Health Nurses have a major role to play in terms of influencing parents/guardian’s vaccination uptake.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90430249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：