Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art016
Abraham Ngor Achiek, James Selugo
The study on the learning disabilities and associated psychosocial problems among children in South Sudan started in 2022 to 2024. The deepening loneliness and vulnerability of the children with the learning disabilities that influence the psychosocial problems among children resulted from the conflict in Sudan, which scattered families, social fabric, community structures, and pushed the families to seek international protection. The families have limited access to livelihood and highly dependent on relief services that exacerbate the situation for nurturing children. The study aimed at ascertaining the presence of the learning disabilities, associated psychosocial problems and the ways to mitigate and address a growing phenomenon among refugee children in Jamjang camps. The study employed qualitative, quantitative, and ethnographical/anthropological method to explore the growing phenomenon. The tools used in the design includes questionnaires, interviews, and observations. The study ascertained the presence of the learning disabilities among children which consists of dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, auditory processing disorder, visual and perceptual disorder. These conditions were manifested in deficiency to write, spell, comprehend, articulate written point, grammatical errors, arithmetic calculation, and inattention. The study confirmed how the learning disabilities cause the psychosocial problems which includes low self-esteem, lack of confidence, anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, bully, stigma, and neglect. The finding confirmed the phenomenon can be addressed through mental health support, multisensory approaches, and Skinner’s Operant conditioning theory; Cognitive Behavioral theory of Bandura are crucial in reducing the adverse effects of the phenomenon. Keywords: Anxiety, Dyslexia, Depression, Dysgraphia, Learning Disabilities, Psychosocial.
{"title":"How the Learning Disabilities Cause Psychosocial Problems among children in South Sudan: A Case of Jamjang Refugee Camps","authors":"Abraham Ngor Achiek, James Selugo","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art016","url":null,"abstract":"The study on the learning disabilities and associated psychosocial problems among children in South Sudan started in 2022 to 2024. The deepening loneliness and vulnerability of the children with the learning disabilities that influence the psychosocial problems among children resulted from the conflict in Sudan, which scattered families, social fabric, community structures, and pushed the families to seek international protection. The families have limited access to livelihood and highly dependent on relief services that exacerbate the situation for nurturing children. The study aimed at ascertaining the presence of the learning disabilities, associated psychosocial problems and the ways to mitigate and address a growing phenomenon among refugee children in Jamjang camps. The study employed qualitative, quantitative, and ethnographical/anthropological method to explore the growing phenomenon. The tools used in the design includes questionnaires, interviews, and observations. The study ascertained the presence of the learning disabilities among children which consists of dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, auditory processing disorder, visual and perceptual disorder. These conditions were manifested in deficiency to write, spell, comprehend, articulate written point, grammatical errors, arithmetic calculation, and inattention. The study confirmed how the learning disabilities cause the psychosocial problems which includes low self-esteem, lack of confidence, anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, bully, stigma, and neglect. The finding confirmed the phenomenon can be addressed through mental health support, multisensory approaches, and Skinner’s Operant conditioning theory; Cognitive Behavioral theory of Bandura are crucial in reducing the adverse effects of the phenomenon. Keywords: Anxiety, Dyslexia, Depression, Dysgraphia, Learning Disabilities, Psychosocial.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"690 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140474654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art010
Jonas Phiri
Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) are a process that involves collecting and analysing data to measure progress toward achieving specific goals and objectives. This process helps organisations to identify what is working and what is not and to make informed decisions on how to improve their programs and projects. This paper focuses on the necessity of M&E in Catholic institutions in Zambia, Lusaka in particular. It underscores the fact that there is no good governance in these institutions due to inadequate M&E mechanisms. The only means of M&E are meetings. The research was done in Lusaka District and some parts of Central Province. It was conducted in 7 institutions. The sample size was 257. There were 252 questionnaires which were administered purposively and randomly to those in the first line, middle and top leadership, and management positions, and 5 in-depth interviews were carried out purposively. It identifies the causes of poor governance as inadequate results-based M&E systems, deficient focus on Key Result Areas (KRAs) and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), and irregular monitoring of institutional activities. The recommendations were that there was need to build capacity in the areas of performance management, stewardship approach to management (good governance), and to enhance M&E systems. Theoretically, the results can be generalised to all Catholic institutions in Zambia. Keywords: Catholic Institutions, Good Governance, Key Performance Indicators, Key Result Areas Monitoring and Evaluation, Stewardship.
{"title":"The Essence of Monitoring and Evaluation Systems for Good Governance of Catholic Institutions in Zambia","authors":"Jonas Phiri","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art010","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) are a process that involves collecting and analysing data to measure progress toward achieving specific goals and objectives. This process helps organisations to identify what is working and what is not and to make informed decisions on how to improve their programs and projects. This paper focuses on the necessity of M&E in Catholic institutions in Zambia, Lusaka in particular. It underscores the fact that there is no good governance in these institutions due to inadequate M&E mechanisms. The only means of M&E are meetings. The research was done in Lusaka District and some parts of Central Province. It was conducted in 7 institutions. The sample size was 257. There were 252 questionnaires which were administered purposively and randomly to those in the first line, middle and top leadership, and management positions, and 5 in-depth interviews were carried out purposively. It identifies the causes of poor governance as inadequate results-based M&E systems, deficient focus on Key Result Areas (KRAs) and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), and irregular monitoring of institutional activities. The recommendations were that there was need to build capacity in the areas of performance management, stewardship approach to management (good governance), and to enhance M&E systems. Theoretically, the results can be generalised to all Catholic institutions in Zambia. Keywords: Catholic Institutions, Good Governance, Key Performance Indicators, Key Result Areas Monitoring and Evaluation, Stewardship.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"521 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140474232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical learning is integral to nursing education, essential for the competence development required in a three-year diploma program. This research aimed to investigate factors affecting skill acquisition during clinical learning among preservice Registered Nursing students at Levy Mwanawasa Medical University in Lusaka, Zambia. A cross-sectional descriptive design, employing a self-administered adapted questionnaire pretested for reliability in the UK and Swaziland (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.77–0.96, correlation: 0.74) was used. Stratified random sampling based on training level selected 80 participants meeting inclusion criteria through a random sampling method. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression using SPSS version 26, with a 95% confidence interval and 5% significance level. The study identified four predictors significantly correlated with skill acquisition during clinical learning: inadequate supportive learning environment (100%, n=80, p=0.003), inadequate Student-Patients allocation (83.75%, p=0.048), and inadequate Resources (56.25%, p=0.002), and inadequate motivation to learn (51.25%, p=0.037). Incompetence of clinical instructors and mentors (57.5%, p=0.233) and mild Anxiety (85%, p=0.762). Binary Logistic Regression, adjusted for independent variables, indicated that an improved supportive learning environment decreased skill acquisition odds (Odds Ratio=0.049, p=0.025), while increased resource availability raised odds (Odds Ratio=3.338, p=0.01) for students who perceived these variables as inadequate. The omnibus test was significant (chi-square=14.095, p=0.015), accurately classifying 72.5% of cases. Collaboration among educators, clinical staff, and policymakers is crucial for enhancing nursing education quality by addressing factors affecting clinical skills acquisition. Keywords: Anxiety, clinical learning, competence of clinical instructors and mentors, resources, skill acquisition, supportive learning environment.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Skill Acquisition during Clinical Learning Among Preservice Registered Nursing Students at Levy Mwanawasa Medical University in Lusaka, Zambia","authors":"Roseline Tambo, Marjorie Kabinga Makukula, Namayipo Nankamba","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art008","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical learning is integral to nursing education, essential for the competence development required in a three-year diploma program. This research aimed to investigate factors affecting skill acquisition during clinical learning among preservice Registered Nursing students at Levy Mwanawasa Medical University in Lusaka, Zambia. A cross-sectional descriptive design, employing a self-administered adapted questionnaire pretested for reliability in the UK and Swaziland (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.77–0.96, correlation: 0.74) was used. Stratified random sampling based on training level selected 80 participants meeting inclusion criteria through a random sampling method. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression using SPSS version 26, with a 95% confidence interval and 5% significance level. The study identified four predictors significantly correlated with skill acquisition during clinical learning: inadequate supportive learning environment (100%, n=80, p=0.003), inadequate Student-Patients allocation (83.75%, p=0.048), and inadequate Resources (56.25%, p=0.002), and inadequate motivation to learn (51.25%, p=0.037). Incompetence of clinical instructors and mentors (57.5%, p=0.233) and mild Anxiety (85%, p=0.762). Binary Logistic Regression, adjusted for independent variables, indicated that an improved supportive learning environment decreased skill acquisition odds (Odds Ratio=0.049, p=0.025), while increased resource availability raised odds (Odds Ratio=3.338, p=0.01) for students who perceived these variables as inadequate. The omnibus test was significant (chi-square=14.095, p=0.015), accurately classifying 72.5% of cases. Collaboration among educators, clinical staff, and policymakers is crucial for enhancing nursing education quality by addressing factors affecting clinical skills acquisition. Keywords: Anxiety, clinical learning, competence of clinical instructors and mentors, resources, skill acquisition, supportive learning environment.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"3 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140475585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art005
Grace Eleojo Abalaka, Toyese Yinusa Agbaje
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019/2020, employees worldwide started the working from home (WFH) job pattern which required public sector organizational leaders to deal with problems arising from management of remote working staffs that were overwhelmed with trying to place a dividing line between their jobs and place of residence alongside learning new skills. This study is a descriptive, analytical, and explanatory cross-sectional survey utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data to determine the policies and processes that existed in State public sector organizations for the management of employees during an emergency such as COVID-19 that required remote working as well as their training requirements. Fifty-four public sector organizations participated in the study. Data collected from 54 in-depth interviews of organizational heads and questionnaire administered to 50 human resource managers revealed that availability of WFH policies and guidelines is significantly associated with self-confidence to engage employees remotely. Factors like availability of resources, ICT proficiency, flexibility, work-life balance, virtual platforms, and project management tools proficiencies influence effectiveness of engaging remote work in the public sector. This study revealed that 64% of public sector administrators require additional trainings for effective staff engagement. When organizational executives and HR managers successfully practice employee engagement, staff are enabled to create personal schedules that balance their jobs and lifestyle in the novel post-COVID-19 WFH realities. Such practices are likewise advantageous to organizations as staffs WFH would experience improved health and productivity thus lessening expenses associated with absenteeism and staff turnovers as well as augmenting corporate advancements. Keywords: Employee Engagement, SHRM Policies, WFH, COVID-19.
{"title":"https://www.texilajournal.com/academic-research/article/2443-statistical-investigation-of","authors":"Grace Eleojo Abalaka, Toyese Yinusa Agbaje","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art005","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019/2020, employees worldwide started the working from home (WFH) job pattern which required public sector organizational leaders to deal with problems arising from management of remote working staffs that were overwhelmed with trying to place a dividing line between their jobs and place of residence alongside learning new skills. This study is a descriptive, analytical, and explanatory cross-sectional survey utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data to determine the policies and processes that existed in State public sector organizations for the management of employees during an emergency such as COVID-19 that required remote working as well as their training requirements. Fifty-four public sector organizations participated in the study. Data collected from 54 in-depth interviews of organizational heads and questionnaire administered to 50 human resource managers revealed that availability of WFH policies and guidelines is significantly associated with self-confidence to engage employees remotely. Factors like availability of resources, ICT proficiency, flexibility, work-life balance, virtual platforms, and project management tools proficiencies influence effectiveness of engaging remote work in the public sector. This study revealed that 64% of public sector administrators require additional trainings for effective staff engagement. When organizational executives and HR managers successfully practice employee engagement, staff are enabled to create personal schedules that balance their jobs and lifestyle in the novel post-COVID-19 WFH realities. Such practices are likewise advantageous to organizations as staffs WFH would experience improved health and productivity thus lessening expenses associated with absenteeism and staff turnovers as well as augmenting corporate advancements. Keywords: Employee Engagement, SHRM Policies, WFH, COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"302 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140477959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art015
Nathan Manzambi Ndongala
We present a Topological Relation Aware Transformer (T-RAT), a specialized head transformer to open sets, an element of the topology τ generated by the set S, the set of all pre-existing relations between input tokens of the model. From this topological space (S, τ), we present the way to spread each open set to one head of our Transformer. T-RAT improves exact match accuracy in Text-To-SQL challenge (62.09%) without any enhancement of large language models compared to the baseline models RAT-SQL (57.2%) and Light RAT-SQL (60.25%). Keywords: Deep learning, Natural Language Processing, Neural Semantic Parsing, Relation Aware Transformer, RAT-SQL, Text-To-SQL Transformer.
我们提出了拓扑关系感知变换器（T-RAT），这是一个专门用于开放集的头部变换器，开放集是由集合 S 生成的拓扑结构 τ 中的一个元素，集合 S 是模型输入标记之间所有已有关系的集合。从这个拓扑空间（S，τ）中，我们提出了将每个开放集扩散到转换器的一个头部的方法。与基线模型 RAT-SQL (57.2%) 和 Light RAT-SQL (60.25%) 相比，T-RAT 提高了 Text-To-SQL 挑战赛中的精确匹配准确率（62.09%），而无需增强大型语言模型。关键词深度学习、自然语言处理、神经语义解析、关系感知转换器、RAT-SQL、Text-To-SQL 转换器。
{"title":"Topological Relation Aware Transformer","authors":"Nathan Manzambi Ndongala","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art015","url":null,"abstract":"We present a Topological Relation Aware Transformer (T-RAT), a specialized head transformer to open sets, an element of the topology τ generated by the set S, the set of all pre-existing relations between input tokens of the model. From this topological space (S, τ), we present the way to spread each open set to one head of our Transformer. T-RAT improves exact match accuracy in Text-To-SQL challenge (62.09%) without any enhancement of large language models compared to the baseline models RAT-SQL (57.2%) and Light RAT-SQL (60.25%). Keywords: Deep learning, Natural Language Processing, Neural Semantic Parsing, Relation Aware Transformer, RAT-SQL, Text-To-SQL Transformer.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"711 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140476568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art003
Edson Chipalo, Ikenna Obasi Odii
Digital sexual violence correlates with cyberbullying victimization, leading to the manifestation of psychological distress and diverse forms of suicidality such as thoughts, attempts, and self-harm. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and association between exposure to digital sexual violence and mental health outcomes (i.e., mental distress and suicide risk) for boys and girls aged 13 to 24 in Namibia. This cross-sectional study utilized national data from the 2019 Namibia Violence Against Children and Youth Survey (VACS) involving 5,191 participants, with 4,211 being girls and 980 boys. Chi-square tests were used to determine the prevalence estimates and significant association for bivariate, and two logistic regression models were applied to assess the significant association for multivariate. The prevalence results indicated that exposure to digital sexual violence was associated with higher rates of moderate/severe mental distress in the past 30 days (boys [64.5%] vs. girls [65.2%]) and increased lifetime risk of suicide (boys [27.4%] vs. girls [40.1%]). Similarly, regression results showed that exposure to digital sexual violence was associated with a higher likelihood of reporting moderate/severe mental distress in the past 30 days (boys: 95% CI = 4.67-22.09; girls: 95% CI =2.75-4.88) and a lifetime risk of suicide (boys: 95% CI =2.16-10.63; girls: 95% CI = 2.68-4.75). In order to reduce mental distress and suicide risk behaviors, interventions should include implementing a safer online environment through digital literacy programs, reducing stigma, offering mental health counseling services, and establishing crisis hotlines for victims of digital sexual violence in Namibia. Keywords: Boys, Digital sexual violence, Exposure, Girls, Mental distress, Namibia, Suicide risk.
数字性暴力与网络欺凌受害相关，会导致心理困扰和多种形式的自杀行为，如想法、企图和自残。本研究的目的是调查纳米比亚 13-24 岁男孩和女孩遭受数字性暴力和心理健康结果（即心理困扰和自杀风险）的发生率和相关性。这项横断面研究利用了2019年纳米比亚暴力侵害儿童和青少年调查（VACS）的全国数据，共有5191人参与，其中女孩4211人，男孩980人。采用卡方检验来确定流行率估计值和二元变量的显著关联，并采用两个逻辑回归模型来评估多元变量的显著关联。流行率结果表明，在过去 30 天内，遭受数字性暴力与较高的中度/严重精神痛苦率（男生 [64.5%] 与女生 [65.2%]）和较高的终生自杀风险（男生 [27.4%] 与女生 [40.1%]）相关。同样，回归结果显示，遭受数字性暴力与过去 30 天内报告中度/严重精神痛苦的可能性较高（男孩：95% CI = 4.67-22.09；女孩：95% CI =2.75-4.88）和终生自杀风险较高（男孩：95% CI =2.16-10.63；女孩：95% CI =2.68-4.75）有关。为了减少精神痛苦和自杀风险行为，干预措施应包括通过数字扫盲项目营造更安全的网络环境、减少耻辱感、提供心理健康咨询服务，以及为纳米比亚的数字性暴力受害者设立危机热线。关键词男孩 数字性暴力 暴露 女孩 心理困扰 纳米比亚 自杀风险
{"title":"https://www.texilajournal.com/academic-research/article/2441-analysis-of-health","authors":"Edson Chipalo, Ikenna Obasi Odii","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art003","url":null,"abstract":"Digital sexual violence correlates with cyberbullying victimization, leading to the manifestation of psychological distress and diverse forms of suicidality such as thoughts, attempts, and self-harm. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and association between exposure to digital sexual violence and mental health outcomes (i.e., mental distress and suicide risk) for boys and girls aged 13 to 24 in Namibia. This cross-sectional study utilized national data from the 2019 Namibia Violence Against Children and Youth Survey (VACS) involving 5,191 participants, with 4,211 being girls and 980 boys. Chi-square tests were used to determine the prevalence estimates and significant association for bivariate, and two logistic regression models were applied to assess the significant association for multivariate. The prevalence results indicated that exposure to digital sexual violence was associated with higher rates of moderate/severe mental distress in the past 30 days (boys [64.5%] vs. girls [65.2%]) and increased lifetime risk of suicide (boys [27.4%] vs. girls [40.1%]). Similarly, regression results showed that exposure to digital sexual violence was associated with a higher likelihood of reporting moderate/severe mental distress in the past 30 days (boys: 95% CI = 4.67-22.09; girls: 95% CI =2.75-4.88) and a lifetime risk of suicide (boys: 95% CI =2.16-10.63; girls: 95% CI = 2.68-4.75). In order to reduce mental distress and suicide risk behaviors, interventions should include implementing a safer online environment through digital literacy programs, reducing stigma, offering mental health counseling services, and establishing crisis hotlines for victims of digital sexual violence in Namibia. Keywords: Boys, Digital sexual violence, Exposure, Girls, Mental distress, Namibia, Suicide risk.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"36 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140479011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art014
Jonas Phiri
The Church is a non-profit commonweal and service organization. She exists for the promotion of integral human development. She does this through her institutions of education, health, spiritual - pastoral and social welfare. However, most of these Catholic institutions are managed with insufficient strategic planning. As a result, low performance characterizes them. The focus of this paper is enhancing strategic planning for high - performance of Catholic institutions in Zambia. It underscores the need for strategic planning for efficient and effective management of Catholic institutions and identifies deficient proficiency because of inadequate strategic planning. The study was conducted in seven (7) institutions in Lusaka District and some parts of Central Province. The sample size was 257. There were 252 questionnaires which were administered purposively and randomly to first line, middle and top leadership, and management positions, and 5 in-depth interviews were purposively carried out. The research discovered that Catholic institutions were not proficient because they did not have a clear vision, precise policies and procedures, sufficient financial capacity and did not have the ability to adapt to changing times. Recommendations were made thus, to build capacity of leaders and managers in the areas of management audit, leadership and management development, and strategic management. Theoretically, the results can be generalised to all Catholic institutions in Zambia. Keywords: Catholic institutions, management audit, leadership and management development, Strategic planning, strategic management.
{"title":"https://www.texilajournal.com/academic-research/article/2452-research-output-and","authors":"Jonas Phiri","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.11.01.art014","url":null,"abstract":"The Church is a non-profit commonweal and service organization. She exists for the promotion of integral human development. She does this through her institutions of education, health, spiritual - pastoral and social welfare. However, most of these Catholic institutions are managed with insufficient strategic planning. As a result, low performance characterizes them. The focus of this paper is enhancing strategic planning for high - performance of Catholic institutions in Zambia. It underscores the need for strategic planning for efficient and effective management of Catholic institutions and identifies deficient proficiency because of inadequate strategic planning. The study was conducted in seven (7) institutions in Lusaka District and some parts of Central Province. The sample size was 257. There were 252 questionnaires which were administered purposively and randomly to first line, middle and top leadership, and management positions, and 5 in-depth interviews were purposively carried out. The research discovered that Catholic institutions were not proficient because they did not have a clear vision, precise policies and procedures, sufficient financial capacity and did not have the ability to adapt to changing times. Recommendations were made thus, to build capacity of leaders and managers in the areas of management audit, leadership and management development, and strategic management. Theoretically, the results can be generalised to all Catholic institutions in Zambia. Keywords: Catholic institutions, management audit, leadership and management development, Strategic planning, strategic management.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"365 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140473425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.se.23.01.art006
Rabecca Kayumba
The purpose of this study was to explore perceived food taboos during pregnancy and their relation to maternal nutritional status and health outcomes. The study was guided by the following objectives: To investigate food taboos identified for pregnant women in Namwala District, to identify dietary taboos that were embraced by the Women and to highlight nutritional challenges related to dietary taboos during pregnancy. Descriptive research design was used as the framework for carrying out the study with an estimated population comprising pregnant women who attended and received antenatal services at various clinics. From this estimated population, a sample comprising 74 pregnant women was selected using Purposive sampling method. SPSS V25 was used to analyze the raw data descriptively. The results clearly showed widespread practice of food taboos during pregnancy and the main reason for adherence was culture. The following interventions were recommended: Developing a team of community care givers, with the inclusion of traditional leadership to help break the barrier of food taboos in maternal nutrition. The Ministry of Education can spearhead a curriculum with maternal nutritional education in the school curriculum as early as primary school level in order to discourage people from observing detrimental food taboos. Ante-natal Clinics should include awareness strategies and a Health Feeding Programme in order to provide nutritious meals to pregnant women whist attending antenatal, like School Health Nutrition (SHN) in schools. This strategy would increase ante-natal attendance with definite positive health outcomes among them, reduction in the number of Pre-term births in Zambia. Keywords: Antenatal, Community, Culture, Feeding, Health, Maternal, Nutrition, Taboos.
{"title":"To Explore the Perceived Food Taboos during Pregnancy and their Relation to Maternal Nutrition and Health","authors":"Rabecca Kayumba","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.se.23.01.art006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.se.23.01.art006","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to explore perceived food taboos during pregnancy and their relation to maternal nutritional status and health outcomes. The study was guided by the following objectives: To investigate food taboos identified for pregnant women in Namwala District, to identify dietary taboos that were embraced by the Women and to highlight nutritional challenges related to dietary taboos during pregnancy. Descriptive research design was used as the framework for carrying out the study with an estimated population comprising pregnant women who attended and received antenatal services at various clinics. From this estimated population, a sample comprising 74 pregnant women was selected using Purposive sampling method. SPSS V25 was used to analyze the raw data descriptively. The results clearly showed widespread practice of food taboos during pregnancy and the main reason for adherence was culture. The following interventions were recommended: Developing a team of community care givers, with the inclusion of traditional leadership to help break the barrier of food taboos in maternal nutrition. The Ministry of Education can spearhead a curriculum with maternal nutritional education in the school curriculum as early as primary school level in order to discourage people from observing detrimental food taboos. Ante-natal Clinics should include awareness strategies and a Health Feeding Programme in order to provide nutritious meals to pregnant women whist attending antenatal, like School Health Nutrition (SHN) in schools. This strategy would increase ante-natal attendance with definite positive health outcomes among them, reduction in the number of Pre-term births in Zambia. Keywords: Antenatal, Community, Culture, Feeding, Health, Maternal, Nutrition, Taboos.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88659757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.se.23.01.art005
O. Chijioke-Akaniro
Acceptability of antituberculosis drugs by affected caregivers and children is key to disease elimination. This is affected by many factors including drug, patients, and health institution-related factors. This study aims to assess the influence of the introduction of dispersible formulation on acceptability of antituberculosis drugs. A historical cohort design was used to assess and compare the acceptability of old loose non-dispersible and new dispersible antituberculosis drugs, using a convergent parallel mixed method of data collection. Determinants of tuberculosis drug acceptability were assessed using binary logistic regression. The findings were triangulated with results from the qualitative data. The rate of acceptability of the new dispersible formulation, 112 (88.2%) was significantly higher than the rate of acceptability of old loose non-dispersible drugs, 13 (10.5%), p<0.001. The median age of children with good acceptability, 7.0 (4.0 – 10.0) years was significantly lower than those with poor acceptability, 10.0 (8.0 – 13.0) years, p <0.001. Drug formulation was a significant predictor of acceptability; the fixed-dose dispersible drug had a higher probability of being acceptable relative to lose non-dispersible formulation, (Odd Ratio = 62.3, p <0.001, 95% CI= 25.3 – 153.3). The qualitative data showed that health education about tuberculosis has positive influences on drug acceptability. In conclusion, the formulation of drugs is a key factor in the acceptability of antituberculosis drugs. Hence, there is a need to further promote the recently introduced child-friendly antituberculosis drugs, coupled with strengthening the health education of caregivers to achieve tuberculosis elimination. Keywords: Antituberculosis, Acceptability, Fixed-Dose Combination, Dispersible, Tuberculosis.
{"title":"Determinants of Antituberculosis Drug Acceptability among Children with Tuberculosis in Osun State Nigeria","authors":"O. Chijioke-Akaniro","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.se.23.01.art005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.se.23.01.art005","url":null,"abstract":"Acceptability of antituberculosis drugs by affected caregivers and children is key to disease elimination. This is affected by many factors including drug, patients, and health institution-related factors. This study aims to assess the influence of the introduction of dispersible formulation on acceptability of antituberculosis drugs. A historical cohort design was used to assess and compare the acceptability of old loose non-dispersible and new dispersible antituberculosis drugs, using a convergent parallel mixed method of data collection. Determinants of tuberculosis drug acceptability were assessed using binary logistic regression. The findings were triangulated with results from the qualitative data. The rate of acceptability of the new dispersible formulation, 112 (88.2%) was significantly higher than the rate of acceptability of old loose non-dispersible drugs, 13 (10.5%), p<0.001. The median age of children with good acceptability, 7.0 (4.0 – 10.0) years was significantly lower than those with poor acceptability, 10.0 (8.0 – 13.0) years, p <0.001. Drug formulation was a significant predictor of acceptability; the fixed-dose dispersible drug had a higher probability of being acceptable relative to lose non-dispersible formulation, (Odd Ratio = 62.3, p <0.001, 95% CI= 25.3 – 153.3). The qualitative data showed that health education about tuberculosis has positive influences on drug acceptability. In conclusion, the formulation of drugs is a key factor in the acceptability of antituberculosis drugs. Hence, there is a need to further promote the recently introduced child-friendly antituberculosis drugs, coupled with strengthening the health education of caregivers to achieve tuberculosis elimination. Keywords: Antituberculosis, Acceptability, Fixed-Dose Combination, Dispersible, Tuberculosis.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80978337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.21522/tijar.2014.se.23.01.art004
Margaret Shelleng
Overseas development assistance (ODA) for HIV from bilateral donors other then the US has fallen 57% in the last decade. HIV responses in low- and middle-income countries is $8 billion short for 2025. Donors want national governments to gradually take over HIV responses to maintain program gains and investments. Programs with greater sustainability capacity can maintain positive outcomes and benefits over time. We examine Nigeria's donor funded KP HIV program for sustainability. A mixed-methods approach using Washington University Program Sustainability Assessment Tool (PSAT) to survey perspectives of key informants from HIV stakeholders. Overall and domain mean scores and standard deviation determined, and quantitative analysis conducted using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28. Thematic analysis was applied to open-ended questions from key informant interviews. A total of 24 consenting respondents participated. Overall mean sustainability score was 4.72. Highest mean scoring domains were program adaptation (5.6) and program evaluation (5.59), lowest means scores were partnerships (3.17) and funding stability (3.56). Sociocultural and political contexts hinder strategic behavioral change communication to promote KP and quality services. Suboptimal political support, funding insecurity, limited partnerships, and donor-driven strategic planning cycles threaten the program's sustainability. Keywords: HIV, Key Populations, Program Sustainability.
{"title":"Sustainability of Donor Funded HIV Prevention, Care, and Treatment Programs for Key Populations in Nigeria","authors":"Margaret Shelleng","doi":"10.21522/tijar.2014.se.23.01.art004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21522/tijar.2014.se.23.01.art004","url":null,"abstract":"Overseas development assistance (ODA) for HIV from bilateral donors other then the US has fallen 57% in the last decade. HIV responses in low- and middle-income countries is $8 billion short for 2025. Donors want national governments to gradually take over HIV responses to maintain program gains and investments. Programs with greater sustainability capacity can maintain positive outcomes and benefits over time. We examine Nigeria's donor funded KP HIV program for sustainability. A mixed-methods approach using Washington University Program Sustainability Assessment Tool (PSAT) to survey perspectives of key informants from HIV stakeholders. Overall and domain mean scores and standard deviation determined, and quantitative analysis conducted using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28. Thematic analysis was applied to open-ended questions from key informant interviews. A total of 24 consenting respondents participated. Overall mean sustainability score was 4.72. Highest mean scoring domains were program adaptation (5.6) and program evaluation (5.59), lowest means scores were partnerships (3.17) and funding stability (3.56). Sociocultural and political contexts hinder strategic behavioral change communication to promote KP and quality services. Suboptimal political support, funding insecurity, limited partnerships, and donor-driven strategic planning cycles threaten the program's sustainability. Keywords: HIV, Key Populations, Program Sustainability.","PeriodicalId":22213,"journal":{"name":"TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90035216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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