Discovery of new eco-friendly methods for insect pest management is very important in integrated pest management program. Contact toxicity of six plant extracts i.e. Acanthus dioscoridis L. (Acanthaceae), Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae), Bifora radians Bieb. (Apiaceae), Heracleum platytaenium Boiss (Apiaceae), Humulus lupulus L. (Cannabaceae) and Phlomoides tuberosa (L.) Moench (Lamiaceae), were tested on the 1st to 4th instar larvae of Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)). The H. platytaenium and H. lupulus extracts were the most effective among the tested extracts, so dose-response bioassay was carried out only with H. lupulus and H. platytaenium against larval stages of Colorado potato beetle. The H. platytaenium extract was the most effective extract with calculated LD50 values 0.126, 0.204, 0.206 and 0.458 μL insect-1, LD90 values were calculated as 0.345, 0.342, 0.402, 0.566 μL insect-1 for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th instars larvae respectively. These results indicate that H. platytaenium and H. lupulus extracts have great potentials as insecticides in the management of larvae of L. decemlineata.
{"title":"ContacToxicity of Six Plant Extracts to Different Larval Stages of Colorado Potato Beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata SAY (Col: Chrysomelidae))","authors":"M. Alkan, A. Gökçe, K. Kara","doi":"10.15832/ANKUTBD.447616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/ANKUTBD.447616","url":null,"abstract":"Discovery of new eco-friendly methods for insect pest management is very important in integrated pest management program. Contact toxicity of six plant extracts i.e. Acanthus dioscoridis L. (Acanthaceae), Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae), Bifora radians Bieb. (Apiaceae), Heracleum platytaenium Boiss (Apiaceae), Humulus lupulus L. (Cannabaceae) and Phlomoides tuberosa (L.) Moench (Lamiaceae), were tested on the 1st to 4th instar larvae of Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)). The H. platytaenium and H. lupulus extracts were the most effective among the tested extracts, so dose-response bioassay was carried out only with H. lupulus and H. platytaenium against larval stages of Colorado potato beetle. The H. platytaenium extract was the most effective extract with calculated LD50 values 0.126, 0.204, 0.206 and 0.458 μL insect-1, LD90 values were calculated as 0.345, 0.342, 0.402, 0.566 μL insect-1 for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th instars larvae respectively. These results indicate that H. platytaenium and H. lupulus extracts have great potentials as insecticides in the management of larvae of L. decemlineata.","PeriodicalId":22215,"journal":{"name":"Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi-journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73250905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
‘Williams’ is the highly quality pear cultivar mostly produced in the Egirdir region of Turkey. ReTain (15% aminoethoxyvinilglycine, AVG) is a plant growth regulator used to control pre-harvest drop and increase fruit weight and firmness. The objective of this study was to determine the responses of AVG treatments on the preharvest drop and fruit quality of ‘Williams’ pear. Pear trees of the cultivar ‘Williams’ were sprayed 30, 21 and 7 days before commercial harvest (DBH) with AVG, at doses of 100, 125 and 150 mg L-1, and assessed for pre-harvest drop, yield, maturity, delay in harvest, fruit quality, ethylene production and respiration rate at the harvest time. Fruit samples were analyzed for fruit quality parameters which are: fruit width, fruit weight, soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), fruit firmness, fruit colour, fruit macro and micro elements content. Maturation of the 30 and 21 DBH AVG-treated fruits were delayed 3-4 days compared to the 7 DBH AVG-treated and control groups. The pre-harvest drop decreased with all AVG applications by approximately 38-100% in comparison with the control group fruits. AVG treatments increased fruit size (7-10%), fruit weight (26-41%) and fruit firmness (2-16%) of ‘Williams’ pear. AVG application reduce ethylene production and respiration rate and it was found that the applications enhance the ethylene production and respiration rate by approximately (100%) compared to the control fruits on the harvest date. Results of this study indicated that 30 DBH and 21 DBH AVG-treatments at 100 mg L-1 can be recommended for ‘Williams’ pear cultivar on both pre-harvest fruit drop, as well as in harvest date and fruit quality.
{"title":"Pre-Harvest Application Of Retain [Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG)] Influences Pre-Harvest Drop And Fruit Quality Of ‘Williams’ Pears","authors":"Sinan Batur, M. Çetinbaş","doi":"10.15832/ANKUTBD.447704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/ANKUTBD.447704","url":null,"abstract":"‘Williams’ is the highly quality pear cultivar mostly produced in the Egirdir region of Turkey. ReTain (15% aminoethoxyvinilglycine, AVG) is a plant growth regulator used to control pre-harvest drop and increase fruit weight and firmness. The objective of this study was to determine the responses of AVG treatments on the preharvest drop and fruit quality of ‘Williams’ pear. Pear trees of the cultivar ‘Williams’ were sprayed 30, 21 and 7 days before commercial harvest (DBH) with AVG, at doses of 100, 125 and 150 mg L-1, and assessed for pre-harvest drop, yield, maturity, delay in harvest, fruit quality, ethylene production and respiration rate at the harvest time. Fruit samples were analyzed for fruit quality parameters which are: fruit width, fruit weight, soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), fruit firmness, fruit colour, fruit macro and micro elements content. Maturation of the 30 and 21 DBH AVG-treated fruits were delayed 3-4 days compared to the 7 DBH AVG-treated and control groups. The pre-harvest drop decreased with all AVG applications by approximately 38-100% in comparison with the control group fruits. AVG treatments increased fruit size (7-10%), fruit weight (26-41%) and fruit firmness (2-16%) of ‘Williams’ pear. AVG application reduce ethylene production and respiration rate and it was found that the applications enhance the ethylene production and respiration rate by approximately (100%) compared to the control fruits on the harvest date. Results of this study indicated that 30 DBH and 21 DBH AVG-treatments at 100 mg L-1 can be recommended for ‘Williams’ pear cultivar on both pre-harvest fruit drop, as well as in harvest date and fruit quality.","PeriodicalId":22215,"journal":{"name":"Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi-journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77760142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melatonin was first isolated from bovine pineal gland more than half a century ago as an important animal hormone and since then it was proved to be present in almost all forms of life including eukaryotic unicells, prokaryotes, fungi, algae, animals and plants. In this study, the effects of pre-sowing seed treatment with melatonin on germination and emergence performance of pepper seeds under chilling conditions were investigated. Seeds were immersed in 0, 1, 5, 10 or 25 µM melatonin solutions for 24 hours after which they were dried for one day and subjected to germination and emergence tests at optimum and chilling stress conditions. Exogenous melatonin treatment promoted pepper seed germination and emergence under chilling conditions. Treatment of seeds with melatonin especially in 1 or 5 µM concentrations significantly improved germination and emergence percentage and rate whereas dry seeds and seeds treated with 0 µM melatonin exhibited the lowest germination and emergence performance. Melatonin application also reduced the MDA and H 2 O 2 content and elevated SOD and CAT enzyme activity. The improvement in germination and emergence performance of pepper under chilling stress conditions following melatonin treatment may therefore be due to reduced lipid peroxidation and elevated activities of antioxidant enzymes.
{"title":"The Effects of Seed Treatment with Melatonin on Germination and Emergence Performance of Pepper Seeds under Chilling Stress","authors":"A. Korkmaz","doi":"10.15832/TBD.58349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/TBD.58349","url":null,"abstract":"Melatonin was first isolated from bovine pineal gland more than half a century ago as an important animal hormone and since then it was proved to be present in almost all forms of life including eukaryotic unicells, prokaryotes, fungi, algae, animals and plants. In this study, the effects of pre-sowing seed treatment with melatonin on germination and emergence performance of pepper seeds under chilling conditions were investigated. Seeds were immersed in 0, 1, 5, 10 or 25 µM melatonin solutions for 24 hours after which they were dried for one day and subjected to germination and emergence tests at optimum and chilling stress conditions. Exogenous melatonin treatment promoted pepper seed germination and emergence under chilling conditions. Treatment of seeds with melatonin especially in 1 or 5 µM concentrations significantly improved germination and emergence percentage and rate whereas dry seeds and seeds treated with 0 µM melatonin exhibited the lowest germination and emergence performance. Melatonin application also reduced the MDA and H 2 O 2 content and elevated SOD and CAT enzyme activity. The improvement in germination and emergence performance of pepper under chilling stress conditions following melatonin treatment may therefore be due to reduced lipid peroxidation and elevated activities of antioxidant enzymes.","PeriodicalId":22215,"journal":{"name":"Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi-journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74879337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bu arastirma, Tekirdag Karahisarli koyunun otlanan, korunan ve surulup terkedilen meralarinda iki yil sureyle (2010 ve 2011) yurutulmustur. Meralarin her birinde 30x20 m (600 m2) 4’er orneklik alan icerisinde belirlenen 4 hat uzerinde 4 farkli noktadan 30 Mart-15 Temmuz arasinda 15’er gunluk araliklar ile ot ornekleri alinmistir. Mera otlarinin iki yillik ortalamalarina gore sirasiyla ham protein (HP), ham yag (HY), ham kul (HK) oranlari korunan merada % 10.93, % 1.78 ve % 7.71, otlanan merada % 9.46, % 2.03 ve % 7.86 ve surulup terkedilen merada % 8.55, % 1.69 ve % 8.55 olarak bulunmustur. Mart-Temmuz arasi 15 gunluk araliklarla alinan orneklerde en yuksek ham protein otlanan merada 30 Nisan’da (% 10.86), korunan merada 15 Mayis’ta (% 12.17) ve surulup terkedilen merada 15 Nisan’da (% 14.92) belirlenmistir. Otun, ADF ve NDF oranlari sirasiyla korunan merada % 38.38 ve % 49.68, otlanan merada % 36.92 ve % 51.77 ve surulup terkedilen merada % 35.84 ve % 50.93 olarak bulunmustur.
{"title":"Farklı Kullanım Geçmişine Sahip Doğal Meralarda Yem Kalitesinin Büyüme Mevsimindeki Değişimi","authors":"M. Gür, M. Altın, Canan Şen, M. L. Özdüven","doi":"10.15832/tbd.35424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/tbd.35424","url":null,"abstract":"Bu arastirma, Tekirdag Karahisarli koyunun otlanan, korunan ve surulup terkedilen meralarinda iki yil sureyle (2010 ve 2011) yurutulmustur. Meralarin her birinde 30x20 m (600 m2) 4’er orneklik alan icerisinde belirlenen 4 hat uzerinde 4 farkli noktadan 30 Mart-15 Temmuz arasinda 15’er gunluk araliklar ile ot ornekleri alinmistir. Mera otlarinin iki yillik ortalamalarina gore sirasiyla ham protein (HP), ham yag (HY), ham kul (HK) oranlari korunan merada % 10.93, % 1.78 ve % 7.71, otlanan merada % 9.46, % 2.03 ve % 7.86 ve surulup terkedilen merada % 8.55, % 1.69 ve % 8.55 olarak bulunmustur. Mart-Temmuz arasi 15 gunluk araliklarla alinan orneklerde en yuksek ham protein otlanan merada 30 Nisan’da (% 10.86), korunan merada 15 Mayis’ta (% 12.17) ve surulup terkedilen merada 15 Nisan’da (% 14.92) belirlenmistir. Otun, ADF ve NDF oranlari sirasiyla korunan merada % 38.38 ve % 49.68, otlanan merada % 36.92 ve % 51.77 ve surulup terkedilen merada % 35.84 ve % 50.93 olarak bulunmustur.","PeriodicalId":22215,"journal":{"name":"Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi-journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83018875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lentil is one of the most important grain legumes, which plays a significant role in human nutrition and animal feed through the world. In developing countries, the prohibitively high cost of meat has rendered, lentil, with its high seed protein and essential amino acid content, important source of dietary protein. In this research, 181 lentil advanced lines (F7 generation) of Karacadag x Silvan and Karacadag x Cagil 2004 crosses were evaluated for grain yield, yield components and seed mineral concentrations in two diverse environments in Turkey. Considerable diversity was observed with regard to yield components and seed mineral concentrations in the advanced lentil lines. The greatest phenotypic diversity was observed in the biological yield, number of pods and weight of pods per plant, the number of seeds and weight of seeds per plant, and seed Ca, Zn and Fe concentrations. Grain yield per plant was significantly positively correlated with the biological yield per plant, number of pods per plant, weight of pods per plant, and number of seeds per plant. Plant grain yield and yield components were strongly positively correlated with seed potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) concentrations but was negatively correlated with Fe concentration. In conclusion, promising lentil advanced lines for the grain yield, yield components and mineral concentrations could be evaluated for developing new lentil varieties and spesific breeding purposes.
扁豆是世界上最重要的谷物豆类之一，在人类营养和动物饲料中发挥着重要作用。在发展中国家，由于肉类价格高得令人望而却步，小扁豆的种子蛋白质和必需氨基酸含量高，因此成为膳食蛋白质的重要来源。本研究在土耳其两种不同环境下，对Karacadag x Silvan和Karacadag x Cagil 2004杂交的181个扁豆高级系(F7代)进行了籽粒产量、产量组成和籽粒矿物质浓度的评价。在先进扁豆品系中，在产量组成和种子矿物质浓度方面观察到相当大的多样性。生物产量、单株荚果数和荚果重、单株种子数和种子重以及种子Ca、Zn和Fe浓度的表型多样性最大。单株籽粒产量与单株生物产量、单株荚果数、单株荚果重、单株种子数呈极显著正相关。籽粒产量及产量构成与种子钾、钙、镁、锌浓度呈极显著正相关，与铁浓度呈极显著负相关。综上所述，在扁豆籽粒产量、产量组成和矿质成分含量等方面具有较好的选育价值，可作为扁豆新品种的选育依据。
{"title":"Evaluation of Advanced Lentil Lines for Diversity in Seed Mineral Concentration, Grain Yield and Yield Components","authors":"F. Toklu, H. Özkan, T. Karaköy, C. Coyne","doi":"10.15832/TBD.63295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/TBD.63295","url":null,"abstract":"Lentil is one of the most important grain legumes, which plays a significant role in human nutrition and animal feed through the world. In developing countries, the prohibitively high cost of meat has rendered, lentil, with its high seed protein and essential amino acid content, important source of dietary protein. In this research, 181 lentil advanced lines (F7 generation) of Karacadag x Silvan and Karacadag x Cagil 2004 crosses were evaluated for grain yield, yield components and seed mineral concentrations in two diverse environments in Turkey. Considerable diversity was observed with regard to yield components and seed mineral concentrations in the advanced lentil lines. The greatest phenotypic diversity was observed in the biological yield, number of pods and weight of pods per plant, the number of seeds and weight of seeds per plant, and seed Ca, Zn and Fe concentrations. Grain yield per plant was significantly positively correlated with the biological yield per plant, number of pods per plant, weight of pods per plant, and number of seeds per plant. Plant grain yield and yield components were strongly positively correlated with seed potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) concentrations but was negatively correlated with Fe concentration. In conclusion, promising lentil advanced lines for the grain yield, yield components and mineral concentrations could be evaluated for developing new lentil varieties and spesific breeding purposes.","PeriodicalId":22215,"journal":{"name":"Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi-journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85083837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sarwar, S. Sadique, S. Hassan, S. Riaz, B. Rashid, Bahaeldeen Babiker Mohamed, T. Husnain
Drought decreases the growth and productivity in cotton. Heat shock proteins accumulate in plants under water stress to protect the biochemical and physiological processes at the molecular level. In this study, plants of T2 segregating generation of transgenic cotton, containing small heat shock protein gene (GHSP26) was compared with wild type plants for biochemical, physiological and molecular responses under different periods of drought stress. Transgenic plants accumulated 30% higher proline content than the wild type. Lipid peroxidation activity was reduced in transgenic plants which showed that the drought tolerance efficiency has been improved. Leaf relative water content was 69% and 45% in transgenic and wild-type plants, respectively at 10-day drought stress. Similarly, transgenic plants showed better performance for photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration and osmotic potential as compared to wild type. Real-time quantitative PCR of GHSP26 and some other drought responsive genes such as Gh-POD, Gh-RuBisCO, Gh-LHCP PSII, Gh-PIP, Gh-TPS and Gh-LEA have supported the higher expression and proved drought tolerance in transgenic plants. The overexpression of GHSP26 in transgenic plants improved the biochemical such as proline content and lipid peroxidation activity and physiological parameters like photosynthesis, osmotic potential and water related attributes. Hence, this study may be extended for selection of homozygous lines and breeding to improve the drought tolerance activity in plants.
{"title":"Physio-Biochemical and Molecular Responses in Transgenic Cotton under Drought Stress","authors":"M. Sarwar, S. Sadique, S. Hassan, S. Riaz, B. Rashid, Bahaeldeen Babiker Mohamed, T. Husnain","doi":"10.15832/TBD.09164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/TBD.09164","url":null,"abstract":"Drought decreases the growth and productivity in cotton. Heat shock proteins accumulate in plants under water stress to protect the biochemical and physiological processes at the molecular level. In this study, plants of T2 segregating generation of transgenic cotton, containing small heat shock protein gene (GHSP26) was compared with wild type plants for biochemical, physiological and molecular responses under different periods of drought stress. Transgenic plants accumulated 30% higher proline content than the wild type. Lipid peroxidation activity was reduced in transgenic plants which showed that the drought tolerance efficiency has been improved. Leaf relative water content was 69% and 45% in transgenic and wild-type plants, respectively at 10-day drought stress. Similarly, transgenic plants showed better performance for photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration and osmotic potential as compared to wild type. Real-time quantitative PCR of GHSP26 and some other drought responsive genes such as Gh-POD, Gh-RuBisCO, Gh-LHCP PSII, Gh-PIP, Gh-TPS and Gh-LEA have supported the higher expression and proved drought tolerance in transgenic plants. The overexpression of GHSP26 in transgenic plants improved the biochemical such as proline content and lipid peroxidation activity and physiological parameters like photosynthesis, osmotic potential and water related attributes. Hence, this study may be extended for selection of homozygous lines and breeding to improve the drought tolerance activity in plants.","PeriodicalId":22215,"journal":{"name":"Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi-journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78165902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Excessive grazing pressure on rangeland vegetation reduces the basal area value of vegetation and also changes the botanic composition. This study examined the piosphere effects of livestock grazing on rangeland vegetation based on distance from a natural water source. The piosphere effects were evaluated around Karagol Lake, which is a natural water-source in Mediterranean region of Turkey. The changes in vegetation were determined within three different sites where sample plots were located at 0-1000 m, 1000-3000 m and 3000-5000 m away from the lake. The mean values of basal area in the study area were 10.71%, 14.46%, and 22.16% for three sites, respectively. The average oven-dry hay yield was 639.0 kg ha-1, 1542.9 kg ha-1, and 2146.3 kg ha-1, respectively. The vegetation similarity indices of the sites indicated that the botanic composition changed with respect to increasing distance from the lake. The lowest similarity index was encountered between the site one and site three (30.31%).
过度的放牧压力降低了植被的基础面积值，也改变了植物的组成。本研究基于与天然水源的距离考察了放牧对牧场植被的大气圈效应。以土耳其地中海地区天然水源卡拉戈尔湖为研究对象，对其周围大气圈效应进行了评价。在距离湖泊0-1000 m、1000-3000 m和3000-5000 m三个不同的样地内测定了植被的变化。研究区基底面积的平均值分别为10.71%、14.46%和22.16%。平均烘干干草产量分别为639.0 kg hm -1、1542.9 kg hm -1和2146.3 kg hm -1。植被相似性指数表明，随着离湖距离的增加，植物组成发生了变化。站点1和站点3的相似性指数最低(30.31%)。
{"title":"The Piosphere Effects of Livestock Grazing on Rangeland Vegetation in Ahir Mountain of Kahramanmaras Region","authors":"Mahmut Reis, N. Şen","doi":"10.15832/tbd.99395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/tbd.99395","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive grazing pressure on rangeland vegetation reduces the basal area value of vegetation and also changes the botanic composition. This study examined the piosphere effects of livestock grazing on rangeland vegetation based on distance from a natural water source. The piosphere effects were evaluated around Karagol Lake, which is a natural water-source in Mediterranean region of Turkey. The changes in vegetation were determined within three different sites where sample plots were located at 0-1000 m, 1000-3000 m and 3000-5000 m away from the lake. The mean values of basal area in the study area were 10.71%, 14.46%, and 22.16% for three sites, respectively. The average oven-dry hay yield was 639.0 kg ha-1, 1542.9 kg ha-1, and 2146.3 kg ha-1, respectively. The vegetation similarity indices of the sites indicated that the botanic composition changed with respect to increasing distance from the lake. The lowest similarity index was encountered between the site one and site three (30.31%).","PeriodicalId":22215,"journal":{"name":"Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi-journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73870598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present study, we examined forage yield and quality features of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) lines developed by using half-sib family selection breeding method. The study was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications between 2009 and 2011 years in Samsun, Turkey. Based on the average of the results of two years, significant differences were found for all parameters. In the studied lines and varieties, dry matter yields were found between 6.66 and 9.37 t ha-1, crude protein contents 11.46-13.81%, crude protein yields 0.80-1.18 t ha-1, acid detergent fiber 31.41-34.75%, neutral detergent fiber 48.77-52.80%, total digestible nutrient contents 56.49-60.80%, total digestible nutrient yields 376.35-556.42 t ha-1 and relative feed values 109.33-122.83. Annual ryegrass lines 4, 5, 6, 10 and 11 were selected for further regional yield assessments due to their superior yield and quality attributes.
本研究对采用半同胞家系选择育种方法选育的一年生黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)品系的产草量和品质特征进行了研究。该研究于2009年至2011年在土耳其Samsun进行，采用随机完全区组设计，有3个重复。根据两年结果的平均值，各参数均有显著差异。所研究品系和品种干物质产量在6.66 ~ 9.37 t ha-1之间，粗蛋白质含量11.46 ~ 13.81%，粗蛋白质产量0.80 ~ 1.18 t ha-1，酸性洗涤纤维31.41 ~ 34.75%，中性洗涤纤维48.77 ~ 52.80%，总可消化养分含量56.49 ~ 60.80%，总可消化养分产量376.35 ~ 556.42 t ha-1，相对饲料值109.33 ~ 122.83。选择一年生黑麦草品系4、5、6、10和11进行进一步的区域产量评价，因为它们具有较好的产量和品质属性。
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Bu calismada, baltali ve diskli gomucu ayaga sahip tek dane ekim makinalarinin, sirta misir ekim performanslarinin belirlenmesi ve aralarindaki farkliliklarin ortaya konmasi amaclanmistir. Makina ekim performanslarinin belirlenmesi amaciyla hem laboratuvar hem de tarla denemeleri gerceklestirilmistir. Laboratuvarda yapilan yapiskan bant denemeleriyle makinalarin sira uzeri tohum dagilim duzgunlukleri belirlenmistir. Tarla denemelerinde ise makinalarin sira uzeri bitki dagilim duzgunlugu, tarla cikis derecesi, ekim derinligi duzgunlugu, ekim makinasi tarla (tahrik) tekerlegi negatif patinaj orani (kayma) ve traktor tahrik tekerlegi patinaj orani degerleri saptanmistir. Denemeler sonucunda, sira uzeri tohum dagilim duzgunlugu acisindan laboratuvar sartlarinda tum makinalar genellikle “iyi” kalitede ekim yaparken, tarla sartlarinda sirta ekimde kalitenin bir miktar azaldigi, ancak diskli gomucu ayaga sahip ekim makinalarinin balta tipi gomucu ayaga sahip ekim makinalarina gore misir tohumlarini cok daha yuksek kalitede ekebildigi belirlenmistir. Firma bazinda diskli tip makinalarin baltali tip makinalara oranla hem daha yuksek tarla cikisi hem de daha duzgun ekim derinligi sagladigi saptanmistir. Ekim makinasi tarla tekerleginde meydana gelen negatif patinaj (kayma) degerleri baltali tip makinalarda % 0.93-5.34, diskli makinalarda ise % 9.14-10.24 degerlerinde bulunmustur. Traktor arka tekerleginde meydana gelen patinaj degerleri ise baltali ve diskli makinalarda sirasiyla % 1.38-3.83 ve % 5.39-9.50 olarak belirlenmistir. Tum bulgular dogrultusunda sirta ekimde diskli tip gomucu ayaga sahip ekim makinalarinin kullanilmasinin uygun olacagi saptanmistir.
{"title":"Baltalı ve Diskli Gömücü Ayağa Sahip Tek Dane Ekim Makinalarının Sırta Ekim Performanslarının Karşılaştırılması","authors":"Arzu Yazgi, Harun Yalçin, E. Aykas, M. Tozan","doi":"10.15832/TBD.65650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/TBD.65650","url":null,"abstract":"Bu calismada, baltali ve diskli gomucu ayaga sahip tek dane ekim makinalarinin, sirta misir ekim performanslarinin belirlenmesi ve aralarindaki farkliliklarin ortaya konmasi amaclanmistir. Makina ekim performanslarinin belirlenmesi amaciyla hem laboratuvar hem de tarla denemeleri gerceklestirilmistir. Laboratuvarda yapilan yapiskan bant denemeleriyle makinalarin sira uzeri tohum dagilim duzgunlukleri belirlenmistir. Tarla denemelerinde ise makinalarin sira uzeri bitki dagilim duzgunlugu, tarla cikis derecesi, ekim derinligi duzgunlugu, ekim makinasi tarla (tahrik) tekerlegi negatif patinaj orani (kayma) ve traktor tahrik tekerlegi patinaj orani degerleri saptanmistir. Denemeler sonucunda, sira uzeri tohum dagilim duzgunlugu acisindan laboratuvar sartlarinda tum makinalar genellikle “iyi” kalitede ekim yaparken, tarla sartlarinda sirta ekimde kalitenin bir miktar azaldigi, ancak diskli gomucu ayaga sahip ekim makinalarinin balta tipi gomucu ayaga sahip ekim makinalarina gore misir tohumlarini cok daha yuksek kalitede ekebildigi belirlenmistir. Firma bazinda diskli tip makinalarin baltali tip makinalara oranla hem daha yuksek tarla cikisi hem de daha duzgun ekim derinligi sagladigi saptanmistir. Ekim makinasi tarla tekerleginde meydana gelen negatif patinaj (kayma) degerleri baltali tip makinalarda % 0.93-5.34, diskli makinalarda ise % 9.14-10.24 degerlerinde bulunmustur. Traktor arka tekerleginde meydana gelen patinaj degerleri ise baltali ve diskli makinalarda sirasiyla % 1.38-3.83 ve % 5.39-9.50 olarak belirlenmistir. Tum bulgular dogrultusunda sirta ekimde diskli tip gomucu ayaga sahip ekim makinalarinin kullanilmasinin uygun olacagi saptanmistir.","PeriodicalId":22215,"journal":{"name":"Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi-journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88171333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Canci, N. E. Inci, Fatma Oncu Ceylan Baloglu, Tolga Yildirim
Mutations are the most important phenomenon in the living organisms including plant species due to creating variation. Variation in crop plants can be increased by induced mutations. The present study deals with inheritance of an induced mutation with rose-flowered in the cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). A mutant having rose-shaped flowers without male and female organs in the cultivated chickpea was isolated in M2 and harvested as a single plant with its sisters (sibs). In M3, inheritance of the rose-flowered mutant was studied in the segregated rows because hybridization between the mutant and parent or the other genotype of the cultivated chickpea was not possible. Results indicated that the rose-flowered mutation was controlled by a single recessive gene (rs). This study is an alternative approach on inheritance studies if hybridization is impossible due to sterility.
{"title":"Inheritance of Rose-Flowered Mutation in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)","authors":"H. Canci, N. E. Inci, Fatma Oncu Ceylan Baloglu, Tolga Yildirim","doi":"10.15832/TBD.26077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15832/TBD.26077","url":null,"abstract":"Mutations are the most important phenomenon in the living organisms including plant species due to creating variation. Variation in crop plants can be increased by induced mutations. The present study deals with inheritance of an induced mutation with rose-flowered in the cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). A mutant having rose-shaped flowers without male and female organs in the cultivated chickpea was isolated in M2 and harvested as a single plant with its sisters (sibs). In M3, inheritance of the rose-flowered mutant was studied in the segregated rows because hybridization between the mutant and parent or the other genotype of the cultivated chickpea was not possible. Results indicated that the rose-flowered mutation was controlled by a single recessive gene (rs). This study is an alternative approach on inheritance studies if hybridization is impossible due to sterility.","PeriodicalId":22215,"journal":{"name":"Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi-journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90808549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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