Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766806
K. Parimala Geetha, S. Sundaravadivelu, N. Singh
In this paper, we present an optical neural network based face detection system. Unlike similar systems which are limited to detecting upright, frontal faces, this system detects faces at any degree of rotation in the image plane. The system employs multiple networks; the first is an orientation network which processes each input window to determine its orientation and then uses this information to prepare the window for identifier network. We present the training methods for both types of networks. We also perform analysis on the networks, and present empirical results on a large test set. Finally, we recognize the face using Principal Component Analysis approach.
{"title":"Rotation invariant face recognition using optical neural networks","authors":"K. Parimala Geetha, S. Sundaravadivelu, N. Singh","doi":"10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766806","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present an optical neural network based face detection system. Unlike similar systems which are limited to detecting upright, frontal faces, this system detects faces at any degree of rotation in the image plane. The system employs multiple networks; the first is an orientation network which processes each input window to determine its orientation and then uses this information to prepare the window for identifier network. We present the training methods for both types of networks. We also perform analysis on the networks, and present empirical results on a large test set. Finally, we recognize the face using Principal Component Analysis approach.","PeriodicalId":22230,"journal":{"name":"TENCON 2008 - 2008 IEEE Region 10 Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87338887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766797
S. Arjunan, D.K. Kumar
This research paper reports the use of fractal features based technique in physiological signals like surface electromyogram (sEMG), electroencephalogram (EEG) which has gained increasing attention in biosignal processing for medical and healthcare applications. This research reports the use of fractal dimension, a fractal complexity measure in physiological signals and also reports identification of a new feature of sEMG, maximum fractal length (MFL), as a better measure of small or low level changes in the human activity. The authors propose that FD is a useful indicator of the complexity in signals and MFL is a useful indicator of the level of activity, and the combination of these is suitable for identifying actions and gestures corresponding to low-level muscle contraction using surface EMG signal and using EEG to estimate operatorpsilas global level of alertness. The results indicate that MFL is correlated with the fluctuations of the userpsilas task performance and putative level.
{"title":"Fractal features based technique to identify subtle forearm movements and to measure alertness using physiological signals (sEMG, EEG)","authors":"S. Arjunan, D.K. Kumar","doi":"10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766797","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper reports the use of fractal features based technique in physiological signals like surface electromyogram (sEMG), electroencephalogram (EEG) which has gained increasing attention in biosignal processing for medical and healthcare applications. This research reports the use of fractal dimension, a fractal complexity measure in physiological signals and also reports identification of a new feature of sEMG, maximum fractal length (MFL), as a better measure of small or low level changes in the human activity. The authors propose that FD is a useful indicator of the complexity in signals and MFL is a useful indicator of the level of activity, and the combination of these is suitable for identifying actions and gestures corresponding to low-level muscle contraction using surface EMG signal and using EEG to estimate operatorpsilas global level of alertness. The results indicate that MFL is correlated with the fluctuations of the userpsilas task performance and putative level.","PeriodicalId":22230,"journal":{"name":"TENCON 2008 - 2008 IEEE Region 10 Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91110300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766493
A. Acharya, A. Banerjee, K. Chattopadhyay
The paper presents a novel concept of improving the convergence speed and solution quality of particle swarm optimization algorithm by Lyapunov modeling of fitness function. Most of the fitness functions that appear in practice can be transformed into positive definite function by using some minor transformations and shifting the coordinates system in the multidimensional space. The paper demonstrates how these positive definite functions can be transformed to Lyapunov functions and as a consequence how the equation of motion of the particles gets altered to lead to a better convergence speed and superior solution quality compared to those of basic particle swarm optimization algorithm.
{"title":"Performance improvement of basic particle swarm optimization algorithm by Lyapunov function modeling of fitness function","authors":"A. Acharya, A. Banerjee, K. Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766493","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a novel concept of improving the convergence speed and solution quality of particle swarm optimization algorithm by Lyapunov modeling of fitness function. Most of the fitness functions that appear in practice can be transformed into positive definite function by using some minor transformations and shifting the coordinates system in the multidimensional space. The paper demonstrates how these positive definite functions can be transformed to Lyapunov functions and as a consequence how the equation of motion of the particles gets altered to lead to a better convergence speed and superior solution quality compared to those of basic particle swarm optimization algorithm.","PeriodicalId":22230,"journal":{"name":"TENCON 2008 - 2008 IEEE Region 10 Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88771842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766863
V. N. More, P. Rege
The preprocessing of numerals includes bounding them for translation invariance followed by normalization for scale invariance. We achieve translation and scale invariance using simple geometric moments. Higher order Zernike moments are used as shape descriptors. Due to rotation invariance and orthogonal properties of Zernike moments, they are found to perform better in terms of computational complexity and classification achieved. The algorithm has been tested on different handwritten samples taken from different people. In this paper, an attempt is made to develop off-line recognition system for isolated Devanagari numerals.
{"title":"Devanagari handwritten numeral identification based on Zernike moments","authors":"V. N. More, P. Rege","doi":"10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766863","url":null,"abstract":"The preprocessing of numerals includes bounding them for translation invariance followed by normalization for scale invariance. We achieve translation and scale invariance using simple geometric moments. Higher order Zernike moments are used as shape descriptors. Due to rotation invariance and orthogonal properties of Zernike moments, they are found to perform better in terms of computational complexity and classification achieved. The algorithm has been tested on different handwritten samples taken from different people. In this paper, an attempt is made to develop off-line recognition system for isolated Devanagari numerals.","PeriodicalId":22230,"journal":{"name":"TENCON 2008 - 2008 IEEE Region 10 Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88833729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766619
S. Bindu, N. Mini
The definition of reactive power in three phase system under non sinusoidal situation by various methods are discussed. The effect on power factor improvement and harmonic distortion by energy storage compensation by various definitions is compared using matlab simulation. Adequate filter capacitors are designed to attain the desired power factor and to reduce the distortion factor.
{"title":"Reactive power compensation in three phase circuits by different power definition : A comparative study","authors":"S. Bindu, N. Mini","doi":"10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766619","url":null,"abstract":"The definition of reactive power in three phase system under non sinusoidal situation by various methods are discussed. The effect on power factor improvement and harmonic distortion by energy storage compensation by various definitions is compared using matlab simulation. Adequate filter capacitors are designed to attain the desired power factor and to reduce the distortion factor.","PeriodicalId":22230,"journal":{"name":"TENCON 2008 - 2008 IEEE Region 10 Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85969470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766729
M. Jamil, S.P. Shaikh, M. Shahzad, Q. Awais
With the rapid growth of user demands, and the limitations of third generation (3G) mobile communication systems, it is expected that fourth generation (4G) mobile systems are likely to reach the consumer market in another 4-5 years. 4G systems are expected to become a platform capable of providing increased bandwidth, higher data rates, and greater interoperability across communication protocols, and user friendly, innovative, and secure applications. This system will primarily focus on seamlessly integrating the existing systems like GSM, wireless LAN, and Bluetooth. This paper describes modulation scheme, different technologies, and network architectures that support 4G mobile systems. Challenges and some applications will also be presented. At last recommendations will be followed by conclusion.
{"title":"4G: The future mobile technology","authors":"M. Jamil, S.P. Shaikh, M. Shahzad, Q. Awais","doi":"10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766729","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid growth of user demands, and the limitations of third generation (3G) mobile communication systems, it is expected that fourth generation (4G) mobile systems are likely to reach the consumer market in another 4-5 years. 4G systems are expected to become a platform capable of providing increased bandwidth, higher data rates, and greater interoperability across communication protocols, and user friendly, innovative, and secure applications. This system will primarily focus on seamlessly integrating the existing systems like GSM, wireless LAN, and Bluetooth. This paper describes modulation scheme, different technologies, and network architectures that support 4G mobile systems. Challenges and some applications will also be presented. At last recommendations will be followed by conclusion.","PeriodicalId":22230,"journal":{"name":"TENCON 2008 - 2008 IEEE Region 10 Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86397186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766697
R. Nagal, M. Kumar, R. Jain
Speech transmission are the most used form of communications in the personal communication systems and spectral efficiency is the very important aspect in wireless communication system and so low bit rate speech codecs play an important role in determining the systempsilas spectral efficiency. The AMR-WB+ (Extended Adaptive Multirate Wide Band) speech codec provides unique performance at very low bit rates from below 10 kbps to 24 kbps. The speech codec has high robustness to withstand high-bit error rates and performs well in tandeming conditions, hence leading to efficient bandwidth utilization and increased channel capacity. In this paper, several optimization techniques are presented for efficient implementation of AMR-WB+ on real time digital signal processor TMS320C6713, with an aim to overcome the limitation of computational burden and also scaling this application for enhanced speed to process more number of channels. The work presented here is the optimization of decoder part of AMR-WB+ speech codec and a step to minimize its MIPS (Millions Instruction per second), which includes debugging profiling and optimization with the help of code composer studio (CCS an IDE for TMS320C6713) and finally the implementation of the decoder on DSP Processor TMS320C6713. These techniques are in general implemented in any DSP processor platform.
{"title":"Optimal real time DSP implementation of Extended Adaptive Multirate Wide Band (AMR-WB+) Speech Codec","authors":"R. Nagal, M. Kumar, R. Jain","doi":"10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766697","url":null,"abstract":"Speech transmission are the most used form of communications in the personal communication systems and spectral efficiency is the very important aspect in wireless communication system and so low bit rate speech codecs play an important role in determining the systempsilas spectral efficiency. The AMR-WB+ (Extended Adaptive Multirate Wide Band) speech codec provides unique performance at very low bit rates from below 10 kbps to 24 kbps. The speech codec has high robustness to withstand high-bit error rates and performs well in tandeming conditions, hence leading to efficient bandwidth utilization and increased channel capacity. In this paper, several optimization techniques are presented for efficient implementation of AMR-WB+ on real time digital signal processor TMS320C6713, with an aim to overcome the limitation of computational burden and also scaling this application for enhanced speed to process more number of channels. The work presented here is the optimization of decoder part of AMR-WB+ speech codec and a step to minimize its MIPS (Millions Instruction per second), which includes debugging profiling and optimization with the help of code composer studio (CCS an IDE for TMS320C6713) and finally the implementation of the decoder on DSP Processor TMS320C6713. These techniques are in general implemented in any DSP processor platform.","PeriodicalId":22230,"journal":{"name":"TENCON 2008 - 2008 IEEE Region 10 Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81202241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766668
D. Jana, A. Chaudhuri, B. B. Bhaumik
Privacy of message during transactions between grid nodes belonging to public realm has become a mounting apprehension for nodes engaged in the communication. While it is imperative to ensure a high level of security for geographically dispersed distributed nodes, privacy issues for concealing individual profiles and identities are worth concerning. Privacy in the user profile management is prime concern of this paper. We explored an extension of onion routing with dynamic token exchange for protecting from intruders within service oriented computational grid backbone. Our scheme allows anonymous connections with protection of identities of the communicating nodes.
{"title":"Privacy protection in anonymous computational grid services","authors":"D. Jana, A. Chaudhuri, B. B. Bhaumik","doi":"10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766668","url":null,"abstract":"Privacy of message during transactions between grid nodes belonging to public realm has become a mounting apprehension for nodes engaged in the communication. While it is imperative to ensure a high level of security for geographically dispersed distributed nodes, privacy issues for concealing individual profiles and identities are worth concerning. Privacy in the user profile management is prime concern of this paper. We explored an extension of onion routing with dynamic token exchange for protecting from intruders within service oriented computational grid backbone. Our scheme allows anonymous connections with protection of identities of the communicating nodes.","PeriodicalId":22230,"journal":{"name":"TENCON 2008 - 2008 IEEE Region 10 Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81474236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766438
A.Vijay Kumar, A. Potluri, A. Negi
Hard guarantees on message delivery timeliness and recovery delay from network equipment failures are required by several distributed real-time applications such as video conferencing. In order to meet these requirements many schemes have been proposed to provide solutions by reserving additional resources a priori along a disjoint backup path. One of the approaches in the literature proposes segmentedbackup, in which backup paths are provided for partial segments of the primary path rather than for its entire length. The advantages of having segmented backups are improved network resource utilization and faster failure-recovery. We found that generates only two backup segments, whatever the length of the primary path, in mesh networks. This is not much better than a disjoint path in terms of resource utilization. We propose a new method for computing segmentedbackup using the concept of ResilientRoutingLayers (RRL). We compared the performance of our scheme with the scheme proposed in for mesh and other topologies generated using BRITE. We demonstrate that our approach gives better results on parameters like numberofbackupsegments,percentagereuseofprimarypath and average hopcountforfailurenotification which influence network resource utilization and faster failure-recovery.
{"title":"Computing segmented backups using Resilient Routing Layers","authors":"A.Vijay Kumar, A. Potluri, A. Negi","doi":"10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766438","url":null,"abstract":"Hard guarantees on message delivery timeliness and recovery delay from network equipment failures are required by several distributed real-time applications such as video conferencing. In order to meet these requirements many schemes have been proposed to provide solutions by reserving additional resources a priori along a disjoint backup path. One of the approaches in the literature proposes <i>segmented</i> <i>backup</i>, in which backup paths are provided for partial segments of the primary path rather than for its entire length. The advantages of having segmented backups are improved network resource utilization and faster failure-recovery. We found that generates only two backup segments, whatever the length of the primary path, in mesh networks. This is not much better than a disjoint path in terms of resource utilization. We propose a new method for computing <i>segmented</i> <i>backup</i> using the concept of <i>Resilient</i> <i>Routing</i> <i>Layers</i> (RRL). We compared the performance of our scheme with the scheme proposed in for mesh and other topologies generated using BRITE. We demonstrate that our approach gives better results on parameters like <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>backup</i> <i>segments,</i> <i>percentage</i> <i>reuse</i> <i>of</i> <i>primary</i> <i>path</i> and average <i>hop</i> <i>count</i> <i>for</i> <i>failure</i> <i>notification</i> which influence network resource utilization and faster failure-recovery.","PeriodicalId":22230,"journal":{"name":"TENCON 2008 - 2008 IEEE Region 10 Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90799378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766458
A. Pandey, A. Goel, D. Gangal
In India a large proportion of the population lives in the rural areas and if India is to achieve its 10% growth target, its focus has to be on development of these rural areas and addressing their needs and requirements. Bridging of digital divide is one such need which requires immediate attention. Many steps have been taken to bridge the digital divide which includes gyandoot, eseva, bhoomi, echoupals, etc. But these are only a drop in the ocean and have not been successful in serving their complete purpose. So we need to rethink our solutions and take certain aspects into consideration in order to bring about a revolution in rural India.
{"title":"From digital divide to digital opportunity","authors":"A. Pandey, A. Goel, D. Gangal","doi":"10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.2008.4766458","url":null,"abstract":"In India a large proportion of the population lives in the rural areas and if India is to achieve its 10% growth target, its focus has to be on development of these rural areas and addressing their needs and requirements. Bridging of digital divide is one such need which requires immediate attention. Many steps have been taken to bridge the digital divide which includes gyandoot, eseva, bhoomi, echoupals, etc. But these are only a drop in the ocean and have not been successful in serving their complete purpose. So we need to rethink our solutions and take certain aspects into consideration in order to bring about a revolution in rural India.","PeriodicalId":22230,"journal":{"name":"TENCON 2008 - 2008 IEEE Region 10 Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90977745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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