Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117951
Yue Dong , Yuxin Dong , Xuan Tang , Zhimei Xu , Xiang Ke , Xuchun Wang
This study focuses on microstructure engineering by tailoring the composition of mixed-amine-based MOD (metal-organic decomposition) silver inks. By systematically varying the molar ratio of ethylamine (EA) and 1,2-diaminopropane (PDA) as complexing agents, we demonstrate a controllable approach to tuning the film morphology. The thermal behavior of the inks and the resulting silver films were analyzed in detail, including microstructure, porosity, mean particle size distribution, grain size, and resistivity. The use of mixed amines was found to significantly enhance particle packing density and reduce structural voids, which are critical for achieving high conductivity. Notably, at an EA:PDA molar ratio of 7:3, the silver films exhibited the most compact microstructure with minimal porosity and the lowest resistivity of 6.3 µΩ·cm when cured at 150 °C for 10 min. Furthermore, the printed lines demonstrated excellent mechanical stability, maintaining conductivity after 500 bending cycles. This work highlights the vital role of microstructure control in developing high-performance conductive films for flexible electronics.
{"title":"Microstructure engineering and conductivity optimization in silver films via Mixed Amine-MOD Ink","authors":"Yue Dong , Yuxin Dong , Xuan Tang , Zhimei Xu , Xiang Ke , Xuchun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on microstructure engineering by tailoring the composition of mixed-amine-based MOD (metal-organic decomposition) silver inks. By systematically varying the molar ratio of ethylamine (EA) and 1,2-diaminopropane (PDA) as complexing agents, we demonstrate a controllable approach to tuning the film morphology. The thermal behavior of the inks and the resulting silver films were analyzed in detail, including microstructure, porosity, mean particle size distribution, grain size, and resistivity. The use of mixed amines was found to significantly enhance particle packing density and reduce structural voids, which are critical for achieving high conductivity. Notably, at an EA:PDA molar ratio of 7:3, the silver films exhibited the most compact microstructure with minimal porosity and the lowest resistivity of 6.3 µΩ·cm when cured at 150 °C for 10 min. Furthermore, the printed lines demonstrated excellent mechanical stability, maintaining conductivity after 500 bending cycles. This work highlights the vital role of microstructure control in developing high-performance conductive films for flexible electronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 117951"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144997720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-29DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117950
Muhammad Imran , Muneerah Alomar , Afifa Saman , Mohammed Jalalah , Amir Muhammad Afzal , Sohail Mumtaz , Saba Khalil , Farid A. Harraz
In this study, using a hydrothermal synthesis technique, we prepared cobalt samarium oxide (CoSm2O4) and incorporated it with SnS2 and CNTs. The composite electrode (CoSm2O4@SnS2@CNTs) demonstrated a specific capacity (Qs) of 949.71 C/g or 2110.21 F/g in a three-electrode system. In addition, we used CoSm2O4@SnS2@CNTs composite electrode with activated carbon (AC) to design an asymmetric supercapacitor device (CoSm2O4@SnS2@CNTs//AC). The asymmetric supercapacitor device exhibited a Qs of 156.19 C/g or 107.71 F/g, with an outstanding power density (Pd) of 1987 W Kg−1 and a remarkable energy density (Ed) of 47 Wh Kg−1. After undergoing 5000 cycles, the electrode demonstrated a capacity retention of 91.9 % along with a coulombic efficiency of 87.7 %. Besides, the CoSm2O4@SnS2@CNT nanocomposite electrode revealed a remarkable value of Tafel slope of 35 mV/dec and demonstrates a significantly lower overpotential of 39 mV in the hydrogen evolution reaction. The use of these two-dimensional composite electrodes presents novel possibilities for the creation of energy devices with exceptional performance.
{"title":"Synergistic effects in mixed-dimensional CoSm2O4@SnS2@CNTs nanocomposites for enhanced asymmetric supercapacitors efficiency and hydrogen evolution reaction","authors":"Muhammad Imran , Muneerah Alomar , Afifa Saman , Mohammed Jalalah , Amir Muhammad Afzal , Sohail Mumtaz , Saba Khalil , Farid A. Harraz","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, using a hydrothermal synthesis technique, we prepared cobalt samarium oxide (CoSm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) and incorporated it with SnS<sub>2</sub> and CNTs. The composite electrode (CoSm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@SnS<sub>2</sub>@CNTs) demonstrated a specific capacity (Qs) of 949.71 C/g or 2110.21 F/g in a three-electrode system. In addition, we used CoSm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@SnS<sub>2</sub>@CNTs composite electrode with activated carbon (AC) to design an asymmetric supercapacitor device (CoSm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@SnS<sub>2</sub>@CNTs//AC). The asymmetric supercapacitor device exhibited a Qs of 156.19 C/g or 107.71 F/g, with an outstanding power density (P<sub>d</sub>) of 1987 W Kg<sup>−1</sup> and a remarkable energy density (E<sub>d</sub>) of 47 Wh Kg<sup>−1</sup>. After undergoing 5000 cycles, the electrode demonstrated a capacity retention of 91.9 % along with a coulombic efficiency of 87.7 %. Besides, the CoSm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@SnS<sub>2</sub>@CNT nanocomposite electrode revealed a remarkable value of Tafel slope of 35 mV/dec and demonstrates a significantly lower overpotential of 39 mV in the hydrogen evolution reaction. The use of these two-dimensional composite electrodes presents novel possibilities for the creation of energy devices with exceptional performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"315 ","pages":"Article 117950"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144997721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-28DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117949
Luyen Thi Tran , Hoang Vinh Tran , Linh Thi Hoai Nguyen , Cong Tu Nguyen , Cong Doanh Sai
Using a simple and efficient electrochemical method, nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) were directly fabricated on graphene oxide (GO) layers to modify platinum microelectrodes (Pt/GO@NiNPs). With the fabricated Pt/GO@NiNPs microelectrodes, glucose was electro-oxidized directly in an alkaline environment without the presence of enzymes. The enzyme-free electrochemical glucose sensor based on Pt/GO@NiNPs microelectrode has exhibited many advantages such as a high sensitivity of 1091 μA mM−1 cm−2, a good repeatability, a wide linear range from 0.05 mM to 20.00 mM and a low detection limit of 18 μM. In the presence of interferers such as ascorbic acid, lactose, urea and dopamine, the Pt/GO@NiNPs microelectrode has performed stably and has been less affected, showing a high selectivity. The developed Pt/GO@NiNPs electrochemical sensor has been used to detect glucose in a 5 % glucose intravenous infusion with an error of only 0.27 % compared to the value stated on the bottle label. The Pt/GO@NiNPs sensor has also been used to accurately quantify glucose content in a diabetic patient’s urine sample.
{"title":"An enzyme-free electrochemical glucose sensor: Directly electrosynthesized nickel nanoparticles/graphene oxide composite on a platinum microelectrode","authors":"Luyen Thi Tran , Hoang Vinh Tran , Linh Thi Hoai Nguyen , Cong Tu Nguyen , Cong Doanh Sai","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using a simple and efficient electrochemical method, nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) were directly fabricated on graphene oxide (GO) layers to modify platinum microelectrodes (Pt/GO@NiNPs). With the fabricated Pt/GO@NiNPs microelectrodes, glucose was electro-oxidized directly in an alkaline environment without the presence of enzymes. The enzyme-free electrochemical glucose sensor based on Pt/GO@NiNPs microelectrode has exhibited many advantages such as a high sensitivity of 1091 μA mM<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup>, a good repeatability, a wide linear range from 0.05 mM to 20.00 mM and a low detection limit of 18 μM. In the presence of interferers such as ascorbic acid, lactose, urea and dopamine, the Pt/GO@NiNPs microelectrode has performed stably and has been less affected, showing a high selectivity. The developed Pt/GO@NiNPs electrochemical sensor has been used to detect glucose in a 5 % glucose intravenous infusion with an error of only 0.27 % compared to the value stated on the bottle label. The Pt/GO@NiNPs sensor has also been used to accurately quantify glucose content in a diabetic patient’s urine sample.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 117949"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144916663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-28DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117948
Hui-Ping Li , Cai-Yan Gao , Xin-Heng Fan , Ying-Feng Li , Yu Chen , Lian-Ming Yang
The electrical conductivity (σ) of polymeric thermoelectric materials is severely constrained by the trade-off between optimizing crystallinity and achieving high doping efficiency. Conventional tactics for addressing this issue tend to adopt the side-chain engineering or backbone rigidification, which frequently compromise σ. Herein, we proposed a conformational modulation strategy to leverage the intramolecular non-covalent interactions for decoupling the crystallinity from the doping kinetics. A dual-acceptor copolymer, P(2ThDPP-BTZ), was designed and synthesized by integrating a benzothiadiazole (BTZ) acceptor unit into a thiophene-substituted diketopyrrolopyrrole (2ThDPP)-based backbone. Although the BTZ incorporation slightly deepened the HOMO energy level, it would induce the directional intramolecular S···N interactions with the adjacent 2ThDPP segments, resulting in a slightly curved S-shaped planar conformation. Compared with the rigid linear homopolymer P(2ThDPP), such a conformational modulation enhanced the dopant permeation and the diffusion kinetics with no significant compromise in the polymeric crystallinity for charge transport. Consequently, the FeCl3-doped P(2ThDPP-BTZ) achieved the superior doping kinetics and a higher doping level, thereby enhancing its thermoelectric performance. This work provides a new insight into molecular design strategies in advanced electronic materials through conformational modulation.
{"title":"Molecular conformational modulation via intramolecular non-covalent interactions enables a good balance of crystallinity and doping efficiency in DPP-based polymer thermoelectrics","authors":"Hui-Ping Li , Cai-Yan Gao , Xin-Heng Fan , Ying-Feng Li , Yu Chen , Lian-Ming Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electrical conductivity (<em>σ</em>) of polymeric thermoelectric materials is severely constrained by the trade-off between optimizing crystallinity and achieving high doping efficiency. Conventional tactics for addressing this issue tend to adopt the side-chain engineering or backbone rigidification, which frequently compromise <em>σ</em>. Herein, we proposed a conformational modulation strategy to leverage the intramolecular non-covalent interactions for decoupling the crystallinity from the doping kinetics. A dual-acceptor copolymer, P(2ThDPP-BTZ), was designed and synthesized by integrating a benzothiadiazole (BTZ) acceptor unit into a thiophene-substituted diketopyrrolopyrrole (2ThDPP)-based backbone. Although the BTZ incorporation slightly deepened the HOMO energy level, it would induce the directional intramolecular S···N interactions with the adjacent 2ThDPP segments, resulting in a slightly curved S-shaped planar conformation. Compared with the rigid linear homopolymer P(2ThDPP), such a conformational modulation enhanced the dopant permeation and the diffusion kinetics with no significant compromise in the polymeric crystallinity for charge transport. Consequently, the FeCl<sub>3</sub>-doped P(2ThDPP-BTZ) achieved the superior doping kinetics and a higher doping level, thereby enhancing its thermoelectric performance. This work provides a new insight into molecular design strategies in advanced electronic materials through conformational modulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 117948"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144916664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-23DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117946
Zhuang Ren, Jiajun Zhou, Daize Mo, Pengjie Chao
In this study, two difluorinated D-A polymers, P(FF-Th) and P(FF-EDOT), were prepared through electrochemical deposition method. The two polymers originated from difluorinated D-π-A-π-D monomers were synthesized via Stille coupling, using thiophene and EDOT as donors. Subsequently, several analytical techniques were employed to evaluate the optoelectronic and electrochromic properties of the two difluorinated D-A polymers. Furthermore, to reveal the intrinsic mechanisms influencing their performance, the impact of the thiophene donor units' structure on the electrochromic properties of the synthesized polymers was thoroughly explored. Contrary to FF-Th, FF-EDOT features a lower initial oxidation potential, thereby easing the synthesis of superior-quality difluorinated polymers with a diminished polymerization potential. In addition, the difluorinated P(FF-EDOT) films retain an impressive 77.4 % of their redox activity even after 1000 cycles. The fluorescence spectra and UV of FF-EDOT show a redshift after introducing the EDOT unit. Studies using electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical methods indicate that both polymers have hole-doping and electron-doping characteristics. Notably, P(FF-EDOT) has a smaller optical band gap, lower oxidation potential, and better dynamic stability. The optical band gap of these two newly developed difluorinated D-A polymers can be adjusted, with their electrochromic properties being significantly influenced by the differing electron-donating capacities of their thiophene-based donor units.
{"title":"Difluorinated benzothiadiazole based donor-acceptor electrochromic polymers with tunable optoelectronic properties by varying the thiophene donor units","authors":"Zhuang Ren, Jiajun Zhou, Daize Mo, Pengjie Chao","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, two difluorinated D-A polymers, P(FF-Th) and P(FF-EDOT), were prepared through electrochemical deposition method. The two polymers originated from difluorinated D-π-A-π-D monomers were synthesized via Stille coupling, using thiophene and EDOT as donors. Subsequently, several analytical techniques were employed to evaluate the optoelectronic and electrochromic properties of the two difluorinated D-A polymers. Furthermore, to reveal the intrinsic mechanisms influencing their performance, the impact of the thiophene donor units' structure on the electrochromic properties of the synthesized polymers was thoroughly explored. Contrary to FF-Th, FF-EDOT features a lower initial oxidation potential, thereby easing the synthesis of superior-quality difluorinated polymers with a diminished polymerization potential. In addition, the difluorinated P(FF-EDOT) films retain an impressive 77.4 % of their redox activity even after 1000 cycles. The fluorescence spectra and UV of FF-EDOT show a redshift after introducing the EDOT unit. Studies using electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical methods indicate that both polymers have hole-doping and electron-doping characteristics. Notably, P(FF-EDOT) has a smaller optical band gap, lower oxidation potential, and better dynamic stability. The optical band gap of these two newly developed difluorinated D-A polymers can be adjusted, with their electrochromic properties being significantly influenced by the differing electron-donating capacities of their thiophene-based donor units.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 117946"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144903757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-22DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117945
Zhiyong Liu
Nickel oxide (NiO) is a commonly used material for the hole extraction layer (HEL) in polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this study, we prepared NiO films by spin coating a NiO nanoparticle solution on an ITO surface and then subjected the NiO films to low-temperature thermal annealing (90 °C) and ultraviolet ozone (UVO) treatment to form NiO films (SU-NiO). Compared with E-NiO films (vacuum-evaporated NiO powder), SU-NiO has a similar resistivity and electrical conductivity, and the hole transport capability of the SU-NiO films is greater than that of the PEDOT:PSS reference films. The photovoltaic performance of the SU-NiO-based PSCs is comparable to that of the E-NiO-based PSCs and slightly greater than that of the PEDOT:PSS-based reference PSCs. Therefore, SU-NiO-based PSCs have the advantage of solution processability method, low-temperature thermal annealing treatment and isn’t obviously sacrifice photovoltaic performance compared to E-NiO-based PSCs. These results indicate that SU-NiO films are promising HEL materials for the practical fabrication of PSCs.
{"title":"Efficient polymer solar cells with low-temperature thermal annealing and ultraviolet-ozone treatment solution-processible NiO films as ITO-modified films","authors":"Zhiyong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nickel oxide (NiO) is a commonly used material for the hole extraction layer (HEL) in polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this study, we prepared NiO films by spin coating a NiO nanoparticle solution on an ITO surface and then subjected the NiO films to low-temperature thermal annealing (90 °C) and ultraviolet ozone (UVO) treatment to form NiO films (SU-NiO). Compared with E-NiO films (vacuum-evaporated NiO powder), SU-NiO has a similar resistivity and electrical conductivity, and the hole transport capability of the SU-NiO films is greater than that of the PEDOT:PSS reference films. The photovoltaic performance of the SU-NiO-based PSCs is comparable to that of the E-NiO-based PSCs and slightly greater than that of the PEDOT:PSS-based reference PSCs. Therefore, SU-NiO-based PSCs have the advantage of solution processability method, low-temperature thermal annealing treatment and isn’t obviously sacrifice photovoltaic performance compared to E-NiO-based PSCs. These results indicate that SU-NiO films are promising HEL materials for the practical fabrication of PSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 117945"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbon nanotube films/fibres are widely valued for their remarkable tensile strength, flexibility, lightweight nature, high specific surface areas, outstanding electrical conductivity, and excellent thermal conductivity. To satisfy a range of application requirements, raw CNTs are frequently pre-treated utilizing different functionalization techniques. Many techniques have been developed in the last few decades to functionalize CNTs and produce a variety of functional materials. Due to their exceptional mechanical and electrical properties, CNTs can be shaped into fibers, films, sponges, and aerogels. This becomes possible due to its unique one-dimensional nanostructure. Due to their unique structural and electrical properties, they serve as excellent building blocks for flexible battery components and offer attractive opportunities as anode materials for LIBs. In contrast to typical graphite-based anodes, this CNT-based anode significantly enhances the reversible lithium-ion capacity. Structural design and strategies for modifying CNTs are highly necessary for optimizing CNT-based LIB anodes. This paper reviews the recent progress on the preparation and properties of CNTs, emphasizing their applications in state-of-the-art energy storage devices and beyond. It further discusses critical issues and future applications of CNT-based devices.
{"title":"Macrostructures of carbon nanotubes for advanced battery application: A comprehensive review","authors":"Arka Ghosh , Nityananda Sahoo , Bappa Das , Parth Patel , Ghananshu Manoj Patil , Vidhi Sachan , Sushovan Basak","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon nanotube films/fibres are widely valued for their remarkable tensile strength, flexibility, lightweight nature, high specific surface areas, outstanding electrical conductivity, and excellent thermal conductivity. To satisfy a range of application requirements, raw CNTs are frequently pre-treated utilizing different functionalization techniques. Many techniques have been developed in the last few decades to functionalize CNTs and produce a variety of functional materials. Due to their exceptional mechanical and electrical properties, CNTs can be shaped into fibers, films, sponges, and aerogels. This becomes possible due to its unique one-dimensional nanostructure. Due to their unique structural and electrical properties, they serve as excellent building blocks for flexible battery components and offer attractive opportunities as anode materials for LIBs. In contrast to typical graphite-based anodes, this CNT-based anode significantly enhances the reversible lithium-ion capacity. Structural design and strategies for modifying CNTs are highly necessary for optimizing CNT-based LIB anodes. This paper reviews the recent progress on the preparation and properties of CNTs, emphasizing their applications in state-of-the-art energy storage devices and beyond. It further discusses critical issues and future applications of CNT-based devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 117944"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-18DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117943
Xinxin Xiao
Enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) are an emerging power source to activate implantable and wearable medical devices. They feature ease-to-miniaturization, biocompatibility and self-sustentation. Versatile conductive polymers (CPs) with tunable compositions and properties can enable next-generation EBFCs. CPs play a critical role in bioelectrode fabrication by enabling enzyme immobilization and electron transfer mediation. Furthermore, CPs provide pseudocapacitance, electrochromism, electrochemical actuation and others, empowering EBFCs with additional functionalities. This mini-review aims to give a brief overview of the recent advance of i) CPs enabled bioelectrode fabrication through enzyme immobilization, ii) CPs enabled unique functional EBFCs such as self-sustained pulse generator, biosensing, drug release and actuator through their unique intrinsic properties. Finally, challenges are identified in this interdisciplinary filed, followed by perspectives on future developments.
{"title":"Applications of conductive polymers in enzymatic biofuel cells: A mini-review","authors":"Xinxin Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) are an emerging power source to activate implantable and wearable medical devices. They feature ease-to-miniaturization, biocompatibility and self-sustentation. Versatile conductive polymers (CPs) with tunable compositions and properties can enable next-generation EBFCs. CPs play a critical role in bioelectrode fabrication by enabling enzyme immobilization and electron transfer mediation. Furthermore, CPs provide pseudocapacitance, electrochromism, electrochemical actuation and others, empowering EBFCs with additional functionalities. This mini-review aims to give a brief overview of the recent advance of i) CPs enabled bioelectrode fabrication through enzyme immobilization, ii) CPs enabled unique functional EBFCs such as self-sustained pulse generator, biosensing, drug release and actuator through their unique intrinsic properties. Finally, challenges are identified in this interdisciplinary filed, followed by perspectives on future developments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 117943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hall effect and electrical conductivity measurements were performed on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) treated with sulfuric acid (PEDOT:Sul) in the temperature range between 21 and 301 K. The observed temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity was expressed as the sum of the metallic band conductivity and variable-range hopping conductivity. The contribution of metallic band conduction was large, indicating that metallic domains are created upon H2SO4 treatment. The charge number density directly derived from the Hall effect was extremely large, on the order of 1023 cm−3, which is called the “improper” Hall effect. Assuming that only delocalized band carriers contribute to the Hall effect, we obtained the charge number densities in metallic conduction using the decomposed conductivities for metallic conduction and variable-range hopping conduction. The obtained values ranged between (3.1 ± 0.2) × 1021 and (4.7 ± 0.3) × 1021 cm−3.
{"title":"Hall effect analysis of conducting doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) using band and hopping transport mechanisms","authors":"Daichi Shimokawa , Yoshinori Nishikitani , Takaya Kubo , Soichi Uchida , Tsuyoshi Asano , Yukio Furukawa","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hall effect and electrical conductivity measurements were performed on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) treated with sulfuric acid (PEDOT:Sul) in the temperature range between 21 and 301 K. The observed temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity was expressed as the sum of the metallic band conductivity and variable-range hopping conductivity. The contribution of metallic band conduction was large, indicating that metallic domains are created upon H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> treatment. The charge number density directly derived from the Hall effect was extremely large, on the order of 10<sup>23</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup>, which is called the “improper” Hall effect. Assuming that only delocalized band carriers contribute to the Hall effect, we obtained the charge number densities in metallic conduction using the decomposed conductivities for metallic conduction and variable-range hopping conduction. The obtained values ranged between (3.1 ± 0.2) × 10<sup>21</sup> and (4.7 ± 0.3) × 10<sup>21</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 117942"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-14DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117935
Ruoxue He , Marine Petitjean , Pierre Audebert , Vincent Chaleix , Thierry Trigaud , Johann Bouclé , Bernard Ratier
Hemicellulose polymers are well-known for their applications in biology, but much less in the field of optics, and especially for their applications in fluorescence. On the other hand, original tetrazines that display intense fluorescence due to energy transfer from an absorbing “antenna” have been already described by some of us. In this study, we show that hemicellulose polymers are an host of choice for tetrazine fluorophores, likely due to their remaining locked within the hydrophobic nanodomains of the polymer, thus displaying an impressive increase in the emission quantum yield. We report an application to photon down-shifting in a classical organic solar cell (OSC), as well as an application of these highly emissive doped polymers.
{"title":"High concentration down-shifting tetrazines for UV protection of OSCs in hemicellulose polymers; syntheses, properties and solar cell performance","authors":"Ruoxue He , Marine Petitjean , Pierre Audebert , Vincent Chaleix , Thierry Trigaud , Johann Bouclé , Bernard Ratier","doi":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.synthmet.2025.117935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hemicellulose polymers are well-known for their applications in biology, but much less in the field of optics, and especially for their applications in fluorescence. On the other hand, original tetrazines that display intense fluorescence due to energy transfer from an absorbing “antenna” have been already described by some of us. In this study, we show that hemicellulose polymers are an host of choice for tetrazine fluorophores, likely due to their remaining locked within the hydrophobic nanodomains of the polymer, thus displaying an impressive increase in the emission quantum yield. We report an application to photon down-shifting in a classical organic solar cell (OSC), as well as an application of these highly emissive doped polymers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22245,"journal":{"name":"Synthetic Metals","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 117935"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号