Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183741
Y. Doz
Summary form only given, as follows. The author has analyzed twelve cases of new product and system development processes in the European information technology industry. Japanese and American examples were used as benchmarks against which the European cases were compared. The analysis considered three major dimensions of product and system development effectiveness: market focus in the development effort, overall speed of development, and efficiency in the use of resources. Project management characteristics which affect performance on each dimensions were analyzed. Overall, the performance of European firms in the twelve projects suffered from lack of market orientation and from an insufficient operationalization of concerns for time to market.<>
{"title":"New product development effectiveness: a triadic comparison in the information technology industry","authors":"Y. Doz","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183741","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given, as follows. The author has analyzed twelve cases of new product and system development processes in the European information technology industry. Japanese and American examples were used as benchmarks against which the European cases were compared. The analysis considered three major dimensions of product and system development effectiveness: market focus in the development effort, overall speed of development, and efficiency in the use of resources. Project management characteristics which affect performance on each dimensions were analyzed. Overall, the performance of European firms in the twelve projects suffered from lack of market orientation and from an insufficient operationalization of concerns for time to market.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"138 1","pages":"590-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79776395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183708
B. Gold
After reviewing the reasons urging the direct involvement of senior management in promoting information technology, the author discusses the requirements for effectively harnessing the potentials of information technologies and provides some empirical perspectives on the results of some major applications. It is suggested that effective development and utilization of information technology systems should be recognized by top management as requiring a comprehensive long-term program of progressively broader applications rather than an array of independent acquisitions of whatever components promise attractive short-term returns during periodic evaluations of new capital allocation proposals. Sound planning of an information technology program would benefit from an early broad perspective which envisions the overall sequential stages of development.<>
{"title":"Senior management's responsibilities in promoting information technologies: some empirical perspectives","authors":"B. Gold","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183708","url":null,"abstract":"After reviewing the reasons urging the direct involvement of senior management in promoting information technology, the author discusses the requirements for effectively harnessing the potentials of information technologies and provides some empirical perspectives on the results of some major applications. It is suggested that effective development and utilization of information technology systems should be recognized by top management as requiring a comprehensive long-term program of progressively broader applications rather than an array of independent acquisitions of whatever components promise attractive short-term returns during periodic evaluations of new capital allocation proposals. Sound planning of an information technology program would benefit from an early broad perspective which envisions the overall sequential stages of development.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"24 1","pages":"533-537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82911038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183691
M. Turnquist
Over the last two years, teams of Master's level students at Cornell, working together with the Production Control staff at the Battery Strategic Business Unit of Delco Remy, have created an integrated microcomputer-based software system for planning battery production. The system includes elements for demand forecasting, order allocation among multiple plants, and dynamic production scheduling within each plant to balance inventor and overtime labor in the presence of a highly seasonal demand pattern. On the academic side, the students have benefited by having their required project work focus on a very real problem. On the industrial side, Delco Remy has obtained a system which represents state-of-the-art methods, and which is implemented and working.<>
{"title":"University/industry cooperation on an integrated production planning software system","authors":"M. Turnquist","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183691","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last two years, teams of Master's level students at Cornell, working together with the Production Control staff at the Battery Strategic Business Unit of Delco Remy, have created an integrated microcomputer-based software system for planning battery production. The system includes elements for demand forecasting, order allocation among multiple plants, and dynamic production scheduling within each plant to balance inventor and overtime labor in the presence of a highly seasonal demand pattern. On the academic side, the students have benefited by having their required project work focus on a very real problem. On the industrial side, Delco Remy has obtained a system which represents state-of-the-art methods, and which is implemented and working.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"3 1","pages":"456-459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87814508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183651
M. Liou, H. Dietz, H. Moskowitz, R. Plante
The authors have developed and analyzed a novel algorithm for generation of all two-level RFFDs (regular fractional factoral designs) which met a user-specified requirement set. Although Franklin's algorithm could have been applied many times to obtain the same designs, the proposed algorithm directly, and relatively quickly, produces all such RFFDs (without repeats). This allows the user to make intelligent choices between alternative RFFDs. The FFDs are optimized to provide specific information using the fewest tests.<>
{"title":"A new algorithm for two-level RFFD generation","authors":"M. Liou, H. Dietz, H. Moskowitz, R. Plante","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183651","url":null,"abstract":"The authors have developed and analyzed a novel algorithm for generation of all two-level RFFDs (regular fractional factoral designs) which met a user-specified requirement set. Although Franklin's algorithm could have been applied many times to obtain the same designs, the proposed algorithm directly, and relatively quickly, produces all such RFFDs (without repeats). This allows the user to make intelligent choices between alternative RFFDs. The FFDs are optimized to provide specific information using the fewest tests.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"25 1","pages":"328-331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84119474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183655
R. J. Gagnon, C. Sheu
The mixed integer programming model (MILP) is formulated, which combines: long-term, aggregate capacity planning for multilevel engineers and engineering administrators and long-term capacity planning for multilevel engineering equipment requirements. It allows the engineering personnel and equipment to be completely internal to the firm needing the technological capability (purchased, developed or hired by the firm), completely external (owned or hired by an engineering consulting firm), or some intermediate alternative. It permits higher-level internal engineers and technical equipment to be used for lower-level assignments as well as for those at their own level, and it allows the internal and external personnel and equipment to have different performance levels. A comprehensive example problem is provided, and an optimal solution is obtained and assessed. Future research extensions are presented.<>
{"title":"Optimal strategies for acquiring advanced engineering technologies with linked resources","authors":"R. J. Gagnon, C. Sheu","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183655","url":null,"abstract":"The mixed integer programming model (MILP) is formulated, which combines: long-term, aggregate capacity planning for multilevel engineers and engineering administrators and long-term capacity planning for multilevel engineering equipment requirements. It allows the engineering personnel and equipment to be completely internal to the firm needing the technological capability (purchased, developed or hired by the firm), completely external (owned or hired by an engineering consulting firm), or some intermediate alternative. It permits higher-level internal engineers and technical equipment to be used for lower-level assignments as well as for those at their own level, and it allows the internal and external personnel and equipment to have different performance levels. A comprehensive example problem is provided, and an optimal solution is obtained and assessed. Future research extensions are presented.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"94 1","pages":"348-353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79448718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183589
J. Humble, A. Hauth
Summary form only given, as follows. In the United States today, an estimated 26 million children need some type of supervision while their parents go to work. There is an increasing need in our society for affordable, quality day care as well as for flexible work options in the work place. Although the need for assistance is felt by millions of families every day, child care is still viewed as a women's issue rather than a corporate or societal issue. Employers and the government have long overlooked the growing problem of family care for a variety of reasons. The most often cited reasons employers give for not incorporating some type of family care policy include prohibitive cost and liability concerns. At the root of the problem are several outdated stereotypes as to the need for such policies and the role of working women in society today. Put simply, many employers feel that family care policies are too costly and unnecessary. It is contended, however, that employers should view the costs of the much needed programs as sound investments in their highly skilled, technical personnel. The return on their investment will come in the way of increased productivity, higher employee morale, and increased loyalty to the company.<>
{"title":"Family care policy in the high-tech workplace: it's a good investment","authors":"J. Humble, A. Hauth","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183589","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given, as follows. In the United States today, an estimated 26 million children need some type of supervision while their parents go to work. There is an increasing need in our society for affordable, quality day care as well as for flexible work options in the work place. Although the need for assistance is felt by millions of families every day, child care is still viewed as a women's issue rather than a corporate or societal issue. Employers and the government have long overlooked the growing problem of family care for a variety of reasons. The most often cited reasons employers give for not incorporating some type of family care policy include prohibitive cost and liability concerns. At the root of the problem are several outdated stereotypes as to the need for such policies and the role of working women in society today. Put simply, many employers feel that family care policies are too costly and unnecessary. It is contended, however, that employers should view the costs of the much needed programs as sound investments in their highly skilled, technical personnel. The return on their investment will come in the way of increased productivity, higher employee morale, and increased loyalty to the company.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"118 1","pages":"118-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87994519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183780
S. Kuhlmann, U. Kuntze
It is suggested that there is reason to suppose that small and medium-sized manufacturing companies (SMEs) are dependent to a growing degree on R&D cooperation, this being governed by the size and direction of a company's technological orientation. The industrial integration of heterogeneous technologies, which is gaining more and more importance and is reflected in a verifiable increase in R&D cooperation among companies in the industrialized nations, is also drawing SMEs into its wake. Nevertheless R&D cooperation is not a goal in and of itself, but rather one measure among many for attaining ambitious innovation objectives. The most important reason for establishing relationships with third parties for R&D cooperation is the entry of a company into a completely new area of technology. Important prerequisites for successful R&D cooperation by small and medium-sized companies are examined.<>
{"title":"R&D-cooperation by small and medium sized companies","authors":"S. Kuhlmann, U. Kuntze","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183780","url":null,"abstract":"It is suggested that there is reason to suppose that small and medium-sized manufacturing companies (SMEs) are dependent to a growing degree on R&D cooperation, this being governed by the size and direction of a company's technological orientation. The industrial integration of heterogeneous technologies, which is gaining more and more importance and is reflected in a verifiable increase in R&D cooperation among companies in the industrialized nations, is also drawing SMEs into its wake. Nevertheless R&D cooperation is not a goal in and of itself, but rather one measure among many for attaining ambitious innovation objectives. The most important reason for establishing relationships with third parties for R&D cooperation is the entry of a company into a completely new area of technology. Important prerequisites for successful R&D cooperation by small and medium-sized companies are examined.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"33 1","pages":"709-712"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90371246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183794
K. Rajczi
Two dimensions to consider when deciding on a product design strategy are product design inputs and product design outputs. Product design inputs represent the number of markets that are consulted before an initial product is designed. Product design outputs represent the market(s) that the initial product(s) are actually designed for. The author examines the relationships between these dimensions and their impact on the product design strategy decision facing the global firm. Consideration is given to the forces driving a firm into a particular strategy and the tradeoffs involved in choosing a particular strategy.<>
{"title":"Product design strategy in the global firm","authors":"K. Rajczi","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183794","url":null,"abstract":"Two dimensions to consider when deciding on a product design strategy are product design inputs and product design outputs. Product design inputs represent the number of markets that are consulted before an initial product is designed. Product design outputs represent the market(s) that the initial product(s) are actually designed for. The author examines the relationships between these dimensions and their impact on the product design strategy decision facing the global firm. Consideration is given to the forces driving a firm into a particular strategy and the tradeoffs involved in choosing a particular strategy.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"29 5 1","pages":"772-775"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79374500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183578
S. Seibert
Summary form only given. The effects of different frequencies, types, and patterns of social interaction on cross-functional integration and R&D project performance have been examined. Network analytic techniques were used to derive density and multiplexity measures from the work-related communication and friendship patterns as they occur across functional boundaries. These variables were then related to questionnaire measures of functional integration defined in terms of levels of coordination, responsiveness, information sharing, and conflict resolution among functional departments. Results based on a small initial data set show that a more centralized pattern of work-related communication between engineering project personnel and their counterparts in other functional departments is associated with more positive evaluations of the project from the members of those other functions.<>
{"title":"Social interaction and innovative project performance","authors":"S. Seibert","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183578","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. The effects of different frequencies, types, and patterns of social interaction on cross-functional integration and R&D project performance have been examined. Network analytic techniques were used to derive density and multiplexity measures from the work-related communication and friendship patterns as they occur across functional boundaries. These variables were then related to questionnaire measures of functional integration defined in terms of levels of coordination, responsiveness, information sharing, and conflict resolution among functional departments. Results based on a small initial data set show that a more centralized pattern of work-related communication between engineering project personnel and their counterparts in other functional departments is associated with more positive evaluations of the project from the members of those other functions.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"97 1","pages":"112-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79475478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183732
E. Khan
Summary form only given. The author discusses various software project management (SPM) issues applicable in each of the four life-cycle approaches. The first disciplined approach to manage systems development, the classical system development life cycle (CSDLC), was enhanced to become the structured system development life cycle (SSDLC). The continued evolution of system development introduced prototyping, implemented by fourth-generation language tools. The usage and appropriateness of these disparate methodologies and tools in the organizational environment of a developing country, Bahrain, were investigated. The sample included different types of organizations with varying experience of computer usage in a variety of application areas. The results showed that the organizations use the traditional approach for system development with certain variations.<>
{"title":"Software project management: the effect of development methodologies and environment","authors":"E. Khan","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183732","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. The author discusses various software project management (SPM) issues applicable in each of the four life-cycle approaches. The first disciplined approach to manage systems development, the classical system development life cycle (CSDLC), was enhanced to become the structured system development life cycle (SSDLC). The continued evolution of system development introduced prototyping, implemented by fourth-generation language tools. The usage and appropriateness of these disparate methodologies and tools in the organizational environment of a developing country, Bahrain, were investigated. The sample included different types of organizations with varying experience of computer usage in a variety of application areas. The results showed that the organizations use the traditional approach for system development with certain variations.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":"142 1","pages":"585-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77856078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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