Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183695
L. H. Lynn
Interviews with engineers working for three US-Japanese joint ventures operating in the United States revealed several important differences in the cognitive frameworks used by US and Japanese engineers. The author interprets these differences according to concepts of cultural orientations toward information and time management developed by E.T. Hall and M.R. Hall (1987). He explains how practices and people deemed efficient in one culture may seem inefficient in another. It is noted that a failure to recognize these differences can make it difficult to evaluate people and organizations from another culture and difficult to negotiate the creation of hybrid bicultural organizations.<>
{"title":"Cultural differences and the management of engineering in US-Japanese joint ventures","authors":"L. H. Lynn","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183695","url":null,"abstract":"Interviews with engineers working for three US-Japanese joint ventures operating in the United States revealed several important differences in the cognitive frameworks used by US and Japanese engineers. The author interprets these differences according to concepts of cultural orientations toward information and time management developed by E.T. Hall and M.R. Hall (1987). He explains how practices and people deemed efficient in one culture may seem inefficient in another. It is noted that a failure to recognize these differences can make it difficult to evaluate people and organizations from another culture and difficult to negotiate the creation of hybrid bicultural organizations.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88224259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183574
G. Nunez, G. R. Nuñez
The authors consider the case of 22 VDT (video display terminal) operators who claimed disability after developing job-related cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) caused, in part, by the use of equipment lacking proper ergonomic design features. The keyboards used and the equipment layout in the workstations were such that they were likely to induce undue stress to the upper extremities and unnecessary motions to the operators. It is concluded from this study that, in the absence of any other known contributing factors, the repetitive nature of the job of these operators, coupled with the poor ergonomic design of the consoles, was the primary cause of the various CTDs observed in the population studied. The authors present recommendations for designers, employers, and users of VDT workstations for minimizing the risk of CTD in the workplace.<>
{"title":"Cumulative trauma disorders as a result of poor ergonomic workstation design: a case history of VDT operators","authors":"G. Nunez, G. R. Nuñez","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183574","url":null,"abstract":"The authors consider the case of 22 VDT (video display terminal) operators who claimed disability after developing job-related cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) caused, in part, by the use of equipment lacking proper ergonomic design features. The keyboards used and the equipment layout in the workstations were such that they were likely to induce undue stress to the upper extremities and unnecessary motions to the operators. It is concluded from this study that, in the absence of any other known contributing factors, the repetitive nature of the job of these operators, coupled with the poor ergonomic design of the consoles, was the primary cause of the various CTDs observed in the population studied. The authors present recommendations for designers, employers, and users of VDT workstations for minimizing the risk of CTD in the workplace.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88425117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183767
Sungil Juhn, C. Rhee
Summary form only given. The authors examine different types of linkages among industry, universities, and R&D institutes in Korea. An S&T (science and technology) park is but one example of such linkages identifiable by geographical boundaries. A private sector initiative in establishing a S&T park in Pohang, South Korea, is discussed. Although there were problems of status and goal incongruence and lack of shared values in the early year of the linkage, the system seems to be working after three years of trial and error. Some measures such as the establishment of the office of RIST-POSTECH-POSCO cooperation and exchange of personnel in the form of adjunct professors and adjunct researchers were taken to promote more harmonious working relationships.<>
{"title":"A private sector initiative in establishing a science and technology park: the case of POSCO-RIST-POSTECH","authors":"Sungil Juhn, C. Rhee","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183767","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. The authors examine different types of linkages among industry, universities, and R&D institutes in Korea. An S&T (science and technology) park is but one example of such linkages identifiable by geographical boundaries. A private sector initiative in establishing a S&T park in Pohang, South Korea, is discussed. Although there were problems of status and goal incongruence and lack of shared values in the early year of the linkage, the system seems to be working after three years of trial and error. Some measures such as the establishment of the office of RIST-POSTECH-POSCO cooperation and exchange of personnel in the form of adjunct professors and adjunct researchers were taken to promote more harmonious working relationships.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87007117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183646
R.G. Williams
The author presents an intuitive justification for a statistical cost estimating model thought to be the basis of a commercially available computer package for predicting the cost of items of hardware. The relationship is applied to cost data on the selling price of standard models of cars available in the United Kingdom. The data are also used to calibrate the proposed model and to identify the order magnitude of an index used in the proposed model to describe the difficulty of manufacture of an article. Estimates produced by the proposed model and those from a proprietary computer package are similar.<>
{"title":"An intuitive parametric cost forecasting model for assembled products","authors":"R.G. Williams","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183646","url":null,"abstract":"The author presents an intuitive justification for a statistical cost estimating model thought to be the basis of a commercially available computer package for predicting the cost of items of hardware. The relationship is applied to cost data on the selling price of standard models of cars available in the United Kingdom. The data are also used to calibrate the proposed model and to identify the order magnitude of an index used in the proposed model to describe the difficulty of manufacture of an article. Estimates produced by the proposed model and those from a proprietary computer package are similar.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87008782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183601
Y. Kuwahara, R. Hirasawa
The authors describe the new R&D management scheme needed for the high-technology enterprise in the global environment. They propose two concepts as the key parameters for assessing and categorizing various R&D management systems, through actual experience in the management of global-scale research, as well as various international partnership programs. These are inclusive-interactiveness (IIA) and visibility (VIS). The IIA concept is important for including the capability of high-quality human factors which are inevitable in many complex managerial systems. The VIS concept is essential for the management systems to be acceptable in the global environment, because they must be transported to geographically and culturally different R&D situations. The authors also propose that, by using these two concepts, there are two ways for improving the conventional-style R&D management systems/tools to make them suitable for the future global environment.<>
{"title":"Inclusive-interactive approach for R&D management-a new scheme for the global enterprise","authors":"Y. Kuwahara, R. Hirasawa","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183601","url":null,"abstract":"The authors describe the new R&D management scheme needed for the high-technology enterprise in the global environment. They propose two concepts as the key parameters for assessing and categorizing various R&D management systems, through actual experience in the management of global-scale research, as well as various international partnership programs. These are inclusive-interactiveness (IIA) and visibility (VIS). The IIA concept is important for including the capability of high-quality human factors which are inevitable in many complex managerial systems. The VIS concept is essential for the management systems to be acceptable in the global environment, because they must be transported to geographically and culturally different R&D situations. The authors also propose that, by using these two concepts, there are two ways for improving the conventional-style R&D management systems/tools to make them suitable for the future global environment.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88570148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183799
T. Bristol
Summary form only given. As citizens have come to better understand the technology is a social force and that they are financing the technological enterprise, there have been increasing demands for improvements in the management of the social dimension of technology. The technology manager of the 21st century will need to be more aware of, and sensitive to, the social concerns about developing technology. The technology assessments of the industrial framework have been partial and limited. In the social framework one must seek to achieve a more complete evaluation. The existing decision-making processes in engineering practice are based on multiple perspective decision making, and explicitly evaluate alternatives and tradeoffs. These are powerful and appropriate tools for technology assessment that the technology manager brings to the management of the social dimension of technology. A simple expansion of the technology manager's perspective is needed. Changes in engineering management education, to bolster confidence and cultivate wise judgment, are called for.<>
{"title":"Managing the social dimension of technology","authors":"T. Bristol","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183799","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. As citizens have come to better understand the technology is a social force and that they are financing the technological enterprise, there have been increasing demands for improvements in the management of the social dimension of technology. The technology manager of the 21st century will need to be more aware of, and sensitive to, the social concerns about developing technology. The technology assessments of the industrial framework have been partial and limited. In the social framework one must seek to achieve a more complete evaluation. The existing decision-making processes in engineering practice are based on multiple perspective decision making, and explicitly evaluate alternatives and tradeoffs. These are powerful and appropriate tools for technology assessment that the technology manager brings to the management of the social dimension of technology. A simple expansion of the technology manager's perspective is needed. Changes in engineering management education, to bolster confidence and cultivate wise judgment, are called for.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88829885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-1904-3_72
T. Khalil, E. Berman
{"title":"Educational programs in management of technology (MOT)","authors":"T. Khalil, E. Berman","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4471-1904-3_72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1904-3_72","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90861363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183589
J. Humble, A. Hauth
Summary form only given, as follows. In the United States today, an estimated 26 million children need some type of supervision while their parents go to work. There is an increasing need in our society for affordable, quality day care as well as for flexible work options in the work place. Although the need for assistance is felt by millions of families every day, child care is still viewed as a women's issue rather than a corporate or societal issue. Employers and the government have long overlooked the growing problem of family care for a variety of reasons. The most often cited reasons employers give for not incorporating some type of family care policy include prohibitive cost and liability concerns. At the root of the problem are several outdated stereotypes as to the need for such policies and the role of working women in society today. Put simply, many employers feel that family care policies are too costly and unnecessary. It is contended, however, that employers should view the costs of the much needed programs as sound investments in their highly skilled, technical personnel. The return on their investment will come in the way of increased productivity, higher employee morale, and increased loyalty to the company.<>
{"title":"Family care policy in the high-tech workplace: it's a good investment","authors":"J. Humble, A. Hauth","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183589","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given, as follows. In the United States today, an estimated 26 million children need some type of supervision while their parents go to work. There is an increasing need in our society for affordable, quality day care as well as for flexible work options in the work place. Although the need for assistance is felt by millions of families every day, child care is still viewed as a women's issue rather than a corporate or societal issue. Employers and the government have long overlooked the growing problem of family care for a variety of reasons. The most often cited reasons employers give for not incorporating some type of family care policy include prohibitive cost and liability concerns. At the root of the problem are several outdated stereotypes as to the need for such policies and the role of working women in society today. Put simply, many employers feel that family care policies are too costly and unnecessary. It is contended, however, that employers should view the costs of the much needed programs as sound investments in their highly skilled, technical personnel. The return on their investment will come in the way of increased productivity, higher employee morale, and increased loyalty to the company.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87994519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183691
M. Turnquist
Over the last two years, teams of Master's level students at Cornell, working together with the Production Control staff at the Battery Strategic Business Unit of Delco Remy, have created an integrated microcomputer-based software system for planning battery production. The system includes elements for demand forecasting, order allocation among multiple plants, and dynamic production scheduling within each plant to balance inventor and overtime labor in the presence of a highly seasonal demand pattern. On the academic side, the students have benefited by having their required project work focus on a very real problem. On the industrial side, Delco Remy has obtained a system which represents state-of-the-art methods, and which is implemented and working.<>
{"title":"University/industry cooperation on an integrated production planning software system","authors":"M. Turnquist","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183691","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last two years, teams of Master's level students at Cornell, working together with the Production Control staff at the Battery Strategic Business Unit of Delco Remy, have created an integrated microcomputer-based software system for planning battery production. The system includes elements for demand forecasting, order allocation among multiple plants, and dynamic production scheduling within each plant to balance inventor and overtime labor in the presence of a highly seasonal demand pattern. On the academic side, the students have benefited by having their required project work focus on a very real problem. On the industrial side, Delco Remy has obtained a system which represents state-of-the-art methods, and which is implemented and working.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87814508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-10-27DOI: 10.1109/PICMET.1991.183790
I. F. Kasper
The author describes the transition/integration engineering (TIE) effort for a major (almost $3 B) development program. TIE planning and implementation efforts, improving interactions between development and user personnel, and issues relating to transitioning a very large (pecabit) database are addressed. Recommendations for program managers responsible for the transition/integration activity are provided, based on the findings obtained.<>
{"title":"Transition/integration engineering: the program management TIE between developer and user","authors":"I. F. Kasper","doi":"10.1109/PICMET.1991.183790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.1991.183790","url":null,"abstract":"The author describes the transition/integration engineering (TIE) effort for a major (almost $3 B) development program. TIE planning and implementation efforts, improving interactions between development and user personnel, and issues relating to transitioning a very large (pecabit) database are addressed. Recommendations for program managers responsible for the transition/integration activity are provided, based on the findings obtained.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":22349,"journal":{"name":"Technology Management : the New International Language","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85474224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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