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2013 Winter Simulations Conference (WSC)最新文献

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An online simulation to link asset condition monitoring and operations decisions in through-life engineering services 在线模拟,将资产状态监测与全寿命工程服务中的操作决策联系起来
Pub Date : 2013-12-08 DOI: 10.5555/2675983.2676002
Benny Tjahjono, E. Teixeira, S. C. Alfaro
This paper presents an online simulation framework that can be used to support operational decisions within the context of Through-life Engineering Services. Acting as a closed-loop feedback control mechanism, the simulation model is physically coupled to the assets and will be triggered and automatically executed to assess a set of operational decisions related to maintenance scheduling, resource allocation, spare parts inventory etc. Experimental cases comparing the online simulation against the traditional approach will also be presented. The outcomes have demonstrated the prospects of the framework in enabling more effective/efficient operations of engineering services leading to high assets availability and reduced through-life costs.
本文提出了一个在线仿真框架,可用于支持全寿命工程服务背景下的操作决策。仿真模型作为一种闭环反馈控制机制,与资产物理耦合,并将被触发和自动执行,以评估与维护计划、资源分配、备件库存等相关的一组操作决策。本文还将给出在线仿真与传统方法比较的实验案例。结果表明,该框架可以实现更有效/高效的工程服务操作,从而提高资产可用性并降低整个生命周期的成本。
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引用次数: 1
Impacts of application lookahead on distributed network emulation 应用程序前瞻对分布式网络仿真的影响
Pub Date : 2013-12-08 DOI: 10.1109/WSC.2013.6721667
Yuhao Zheng, Dong Jin, D. Nicol
Large-scale and high-fidelity testbeds play critical roles in analyzing large-scale networks such as data centers, cellular networks, and smart grid control networks. Our prior work combines parallel simulation and virtual-time-integrated emulation, such that it offers both functional and temporal fidelity to the critical software execution in large scale network settings. To achieve better scalability, we have developed a distributed emulation system. However, as the number of computing servers grows, so does too the synchronization overhead. Application lookahead, the ability to predict future behaviors of software, may help reducing overhead for performance gain. In this paper, we study the impacts of application lookahead on our distributed emulation testbed. We find that application lookahead can greatly reduce synchronization overhead and improve speed by up to 3 times in our system, but incorrect lookahead may affect application fidelity to different degrees, depending on application sensitivity to timing.
大规模、高保真的测试平台在分析数据中心、蜂窝网络和智能电网控制网络等大型网络中起着至关重要的作用。我们之前的工作结合了并行仿真和虚拟时间集成仿真,从而为大规模网络设置中的关键软件执行提供功能和时间保真度。为了实现更好的可扩展性,我们开发了一个分布式仿真系统。但是,随着计算服务器数量的增加,同步开销也会增加。应用程序前瞻,即预测软件未来行为的能力,可能有助于减少性能提升的开销。本文研究了应用程序前瞻性对分布式仿真试验台的影响。我们发现应用程序的前瞻性可以大大减少同步开销,并在我们的系统中将速度提高3倍,但是不正确的前瞻性可能会在不同程度上影响应用程序的保真度,这取决于应用程序对时间的敏感性。
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引用次数: 5
Simulation in manufacturing planning of buildings 建筑制造规划中的仿真
Pub Date : 2013-12-08 DOI: 10.1109/WSC.2013.6721695
F. Berner, Vitali Kochkine, I. Habenicht, S. Spieckermann, C. Vath
Optimal planning of construction projects requires an efficient allocation of available resources. Labor, material, equipment are to be planned, coordinated and quickly adapted to varying conditions. Frequent (design) changes during the construction period, diversity of trades and the high complexity of interacting processes in building manufacturing require innovative ways to support process-influencing decisions - a tool which allows testing interventions and adjustments in the manufacturing process, including individual sub-processes with the best possible efficiency. In this context, the discrete-event simulation comes into place. A research group simulated the manufacturing process of a hotel project in all details in order to examine applicability of simulation in the construction industry and to scrutinize and adjust it according to the construction specifics. The approach taken, the challenges encountered and insights gained will be presented in this article.
建设项目的优化规划要求有效配置可用资源。劳动力、材料、设备都要计划、协调,并迅速适应不同的条件。施工期间的频繁(设计)变更、行业的多样性以及建筑制造过程中相互作用过程的高度复杂性需要创新的方法来支持影响过程的决策——这是一种工具,可以测试制造过程中的干预措施和调整,包括以尽可能高的效率测试各个子过程。在这种情况下,离散事件模拟就出现了。一个研究小组模拟了一个酒店项目的制造过程的所有细节,以检验模拟在建筑行业的适用性,并根据建筑的具体情况进行审查和调整。本文将介绍采用的方法、遇到的挑战和获得的见解。
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引用次数: 8
Conceptual modeling for simulation 用于仿真的概念建模
Pub Date : 2013-12-08 DOI: 10.1002/9780470400531.EORMS0177
S. Robinson
Conceptual modeling is the abstraction of a simulation model from the real world system that is being modeled; in other words, choosing what to model, and what not to model. This is generally agreed to be the most difficult, least understood and most important task to be carried out in a simulation study. In this tutorial the problem of conceptual modeling is first illustrated through an example of modeling a hospital clinic. We then define a set of terminology that helps us frame the conceptual modeling task, we discuss the role of conceptual modeling in the simulation project life-cycle, we identify the requirements for a good conceptual model and we discuss levels of abstraction. A framework that guides the activity of conceptual modeling is described. This framework may also be helpful for teaching effective conceptual modeling.
概念建模是从被建模的现实世界系统中抽象出来的仿真模型;换句话说,选择什么建模,什么不建模。这通常被认为是模拟研究中最困难、最不容易理解和最重要的任务。在本教程中,首先通过一个医院诊所的建模示例来说明概念建模的问题。然后,我们定义了一组术语来帮助我们构建概念建模任务,我们讨论了概念建模在仿真项目生命周期中的作用,我们确定了一个好的概念模型的需求,我们讨论了抽象级别。描述了一个指导概念建模活动的框架。这个框架也可能有助于有效的概念建模教学。
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引用次数: 69
The need for usable formal methods in verification and validation 在验证和确认中需要可用的形式化方法
Pub Date : 2013-12-08 DOI: 10.1109/WSC.2013.6721513
Ross Gore, S. Diallo
The process of developing, verifying and validating models and simulations should be straightforward. Unfortunately, following conventional development approaches can render a model design that appeared complete and robust into an incomplete, incoherent and invalid simulation during implementation. An alternative approach is for subject matter experts (SMEs) to employ formal methods to describe their models. However, formal methods are rarely used in practice due to their intimidating syntax and semantics rooted in mathematics. In this paper we argue for a new approach to verification and validation that leverages two techniques from computer science: (1) model checking and (2) automated debugging. The proposed vision offers an initial path to replace conventional simulation verification and validation methods with new automated analyses that eventually will be able to yield feedback to SMEs in a familiar language.
开发、验证和验证模型和模拟的过程应该是直截了当的。不幸的是,遵循传统的开发方法可能会在实现过程中将看起来完整和健壮的模型设计呈现为不完整、不连贯和无效的模拟。另一种方法是主题专家(sme)使用正式的方法来描述他们的模型。然而,形式化方法在实践中很少使用,因为它们的语法和语义根植于数学。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的方法来验证和确认,它利用了计算机科学中的两种技术:(1)模型检查和(2)自动调试。提议的愿景提供了一条初始路径,用新的自动化分析取代传统的模拟验证和验证方法,最终将能够以熟悉的语言向中小企业提供反馈。
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引用次数: 15
Modeling the inclusion of trapped victims in logistics planning for earthquake response: A case study in the city of Bogotá 将被困灾民纳入地震应对后勤规划的建模:波哥大<e:1>市的案例研究
Pub Date : 2013-12-08 DOI: 10.1109/WSC.2013.6721622
Maria Camila Hoyos, Ridley S. Morales Mahecha, Raha Akhavan-Tabatabaei
Discrete Event Simulation (DES) has been commonly used in modeling the medical attention of injured people. In earthquakes, a portion of the injured victims are trapped and need to be rescued before receiving medical attention. Hence, the rate of rescue operations and the percentage of victims that are rescued have an impact on the logistics planning of medical attention. In this paper we attempt to improve an existing DES model for medical attention to earthquake victims by proposing an improved way of modeling the inter-arrival rate of trapped people. We compare our results with the DES model applied to an earthquake in the city of Bogotá, Colombia and evaluate the difference of additional logistics requirements. The results show that when the percentage of dead people is below 80% there is a significant increase in the expected number of injured victims in the model, when the trapped people are properly included.
离散事件模拟(DES)是一种常用的伤者医疗救护建模方法。在地震中,一部分受伤的受害者被困住,需要在得到医疗照顾之前被救出。因此,救援行动的比率和被救出的受害者百分比对医疗护理的后勤规划有影响。本文通过提出一种改进的被困人员到达间率建模方法,试图改进现有的地震灾民医疗救护DES模型。我们将我们的结果与应用于哥伦比亚波哥大地震的DES模型进行了比较,并评估了额外物流需求的差异。结果表明,当死亡人数比例低于80%时,当适当纳入被困人员时,模型中预期的受伤人数显著增加。
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引用次数: 1
As-built modeling and visual simulation of tunnels using real-time TBM positioning data 利用实时TBM定位数据进行隧道的建成建模和可视化仿真
Pub Date : 2013-12-08 DOI: 10.1109/WSC.2013.6721674
Xiaodong Wu, Ming Lu, S. Mao, Xuesong Shen
To fulfill the needs of construction quality, progress control and sustainable development of the underground space, it is desirable to collect and visualize as-built tunnel information in real time. In the current practice, the as-built model of a tunnel is produced either by using advanced technologies like 3D laser scanning after construction ends, or by employing specialist tunnel surveyors to directly measure the invert positions. However, limitations of commonly applied as-built tunnel survey methods are identified in terms of accuracy, cost, or modeling speed. In this paper, we propose a new approach to enabling as-built modeling and visualization of tunnels based on real-time TBM tracking and positioning data. With a tunnel alignment automation control system being implemented, the TBM is turned into a “sensor” to map out as-build information in real time, without incurring extra labor cost or survey equipment. The proposed approach was field-tested and preliminary findings are discussed.
为了满足施工质量、进度控制和地下空间可持续发展的需要,需要实时采集和可视化已建隧道信息。在目前的实践中,隧道的建成模型要么是在施工结束后使用3D激光扫描等先进技术,要么是聘请专业的隧道测量师直接测量隧道的倒角位置。然而,通常应用的竣工隧道测量方法在准确性、成本或建模速度方面存在局限性。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于实时TBM跟踪和定位数据的隧道建成建模和可视化的新方法。随着隧道定位自动化控制系统的实施,掘进机变成了一个“传感器”,可以实时绘制施工信息,而无需额外的人工成本或测量设备。提出的方法进行了实地测试,并讨论了初步结果。
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引用次数: 8
Skipping algorithms for defect inspection using a dynamic control strategy in semiconductor manufacturing 半导体制造中基于动态控制策略的缺陷检测跳过算法
Pub Date : 2013-12-08 DOI: 10.1109/WSC.2013.6721729
G. Rodríguez-Verján, S. Dauzére-Pérés, Sylvain Housseman, J. Pinaton
In this paper, we propose new ways for efficiently managing defect inspection queues in semiconductor manufacturing when a dynamic sampling strategy is used. The objective is to identify lots that can skip the inspection operation, i.e. lots that have limited impact on the risk level of process tools. The risk considered in this paper, called Wafer at Risk (W@R), is the number of wafers processed on a process tool between two defect inspection operations. An indicator (GSI, Global Sampling Indicator) is used to evaluate the overall W@R and another associated indicator (LSI, Lot Scheduling Indicator) is used to identify the impact on the overall risk if a lot is not measured. Based on these indicators, five new algorithms are proposed and tested with industrial instances. Results show the relevance of our approach and that evaluating sets of lots for skipping performs better than evaluating lots individually.
在本文中,我们提出了一种新的方法来有效地管理半导体制造中使用动态采样策略时的缺陷检测队列。目的是确定可以跳过检验操作的批次,即对工艺工具风险水平影响有限的批次。本文所考虑的风险,称为风险晶圆(W@R),是在两个缺陷检查操作之间,在一个工艺工具上加工的晶圆数量。一个指标(GSI,全局抽样指标)用于评估整体W@R,另一个相关指标(LSI,批量调度指标)用于确定如果不测量批量对整体风险的影响。基于这些指标,提出了五种新的算法,并通过工业实例进行了验证。结果显示了我们的方法的相关性,并且评估跳跃的批次集比单独评估批次表现更好。
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引用次数: 12
Agent-based hardware-in-the-loop simulation for UAV/UGV surveillance and crowd control system 基于agent的无人机/UGV监视与人群控制系统硬件在环仿真
Pub Date : 2013-12-08 DOI: 10.1109/WSC.2013.6721530
A. Khaleghi, Dong Xu, Alfonso Lobos, S. Minaeian, Y. Son, Jian Liu
An agent-based hardware-in-the-loop simulation framework is proposed to model the UAV/UGV surveillance and crowd control system. To this end, a planning and control system architecture is discussed first, which includes various modules such as sensory data collection, crowd detection, tracking, motion planning, control command generation, and control strategy evaluation. The modules that are highly related with agent-based modeling (focus of this paper) are then discussed, which includes the UAV/UGV motion planning considering multi-objectives, crowd motion modeling via social force model, and enhancement of simulation environment via GIS 3D coordinates conversion. In the experiment, Repast Simphony is used as the agent-based modeling tool, which transmits sensory data and control commands with QGroundControl as hardware interface that further conducts radio communications with ArduCopter as a real UAV. Preliminary results show that finer grid scale and larger vehicle detection range generate a better crowd coverage percentage. Finally, conclusions and future works are discussed.
提出了一种基于智能体的无人机/UGV监视与人群控制系统硬件在环仿真框架。为此,首先讨论了规划与控制系统的体系结构,其中包括传感数据收集、人群检测、跟踪、运动规划、控制命令生成和控制策略评估等各个模块。在此基础上,重点讨论了与基于agent的建模高度相关的模块,包括考虑多目标的UAV/UGV运动规划、基于社会力模型的人群运动建模以及基于GIS三维坐标转换的仿真环境增强。在实验中,Repast Simphony作为基于agent的建模工具,以QGroundControl为硬件接口,传输传感数据和控制命令,进一步与ArduCopter作为真实无人机进行无线电通信。初步结果表明,更细的网格尺度和更大的车辆检测距离可以产生更好的人群覆盖率。最后,对结论和未来工作进行了展望。
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引用次数: 17
Simulation and optimization of temporary road network in mass earthmoving projects 大型土方工程临时路网模拟与优化
Pub Date : 2013-12-08 DOI: 10.1109/WSC.2013.6721684
Chang Liu, Ming Lu, Sam Johnson
Haulage cost typically accounts for around 30% of the total cost of mass earthmoving projects. The temporary road network is a major factor influencing haulage cost and production efficiency. The simulation of earthmoving operations considering temporary road networks, not only facilitates the site formation design but also leads to realistic, cost-effective construction plans. Utilizing the Floyd-Warshall algorithm and linear programming, this study formulates the temporary road network problem and sheds light on the potential benefits of selecting routes and directions for handling earthmoving jobs. An optimization approach for temporary road networks is further proposed. It reduces the total cost of the project and shortens its duration. Simulation models were used to prove the effectiveness and feasibility of optimization.
运输成本通常占大型土方工程总成本的30%左右。临时路网是影响运输成本和生产效率的重要因素。考虑临时道路网络的土方作业模拟,不仅有利于现场形态设计,而且还导致现实的,具有成本效益的施工计划。利用Floyd-Warshall算法和线性规划,本研究制定了临时道路网络问题,并揭示了选择路线和方向处理土方工作的潜在效益。进一步提出了一种临时路网优化方法。它降低了项目的总成本,缩短了项目的持续时间。仿真模型验证了优化的有效性和可行性。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2013 Winter Simulations Conference (WSC)
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