Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Substance Use Disorder (SUD) are two mental conditions that often coexist and can exacerbate each other's effects. The study aimed to establish the prevalence of symptoms of PTSD in a sample of 178 individuals undergoing substance use rehabilitation in Nairobi, Kenya. This study employed a quantitative, correlational approach. Data was collected using a customized socio-demographic questionnaire and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist (PCL 5). Analysis used the Statistical Package for Social Scientists Version 28 (SPSS v. 28). The results indicated that 42.7% of participants exhibited symptoms of PTSD. Regarding socio-demographic characteristics, the prevalence of PTSD was higher in females (50.0%) in those aged between 18 -27 years (50.0%) in the widowed (50.0%), those who had completed college (50.0%) and the unemployed (48.3%). A further analysis to determine whether the prevalence is associated with various socio-demographic characteristics; gender, age, marital status, level of education, and employment status showed no statistically significant association. Consequently, the study recommends ongoing PTSD screenings for individuals in inpatient treatment centres to enhance the likelihood of successful treatment outcomes.
创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)和物质使用障碍(SUD)是两种经常共存的精神疾病，它们会加剧彼此的影响。该研究旨在确定在肯尼亚内罗毕接受药物使用康复治疗的178个人样本中PTSD症状的流行程度。本研究采用了定量的、相关的方法。数据收集使用定制的社会人口调查问卷和创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)检查表(PCL 5)。分析使用社会科学家统计软件包28版(SPSS v. 28)。结果显示，42.7%的参与者表现出PTSD症状。在社会人口学特征方面，18 -27岁女性(50.0%)、丧偶者(50.0%)、大学毕业生(50.0%)和失业者(48.3%)中PTSD患病率较高(50.0%)。进一步分析以确定患病率是否与各种社会人口特征有关;性别、年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度和就业状况没有统计学上的显著相关性。因此，该研究建议对住院治疗中心的个人进行PTSD筛查，以提高成功治疗结果的可能性。
{"title":"Prevalence of Symptoms of PTSD among Inpatients with Substance Use Disorders in Drug Rehabilitation Centres in Nairobi, Kenya","authors":"Audrey Onyango, Michael Kihara, Stella Nyagwencha","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v5i3.281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v5i3.281","url":null,"abstract":"Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Substance Use Disorder (SUD) are two mental conditions that often coexist and can exacerbate each other's effects. The study aimed to establish the prevalence of symptoms of PTSD in a sample of 178 individuals undergoing substance use rehabilitation in Nairobi, Kenya. This study employed a quantitative, correlational approach. Data was collected using a customized socio-demographic questionnaire and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist (PCL 5). Analysis used the Statistical Package for Social Scientists Version 28 (SPSS v. 28). The results indicated that 42.7% of participants exhibited symptoms of PTSD. Regarding socio-demographic characteristics, the prevalence of PTSD was higher in females (50.0%) in those aged between 18 -27 years (50.0%) in the widowed (50.0%), those who had completed college (50.0%) and the unemployed (48.3%). A further analysis to determine whether the prevalence is associated with various socio-demographic characteristics; gender, age, marital status, level of education, and employment status showed no statistically significant association. Consequently, the study recommends ongoing PTSD screenings for individuals in inpatient treatment centres to enhance the likelihood of successful treatment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135551793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malgit Amos Akims, Kanang Amos Akims, Oliver Mukweyi Pyoko
The study examined the effect of corporate governance on the profitability of manufacturing and allied firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya. The study was anchored by agency theory and stakeholder theory. Nine manufacturing and allied firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya constituted the target population and a census approach was adopted. The study found that board size had significant implications on the profitability of manufacturing and allied firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya (p= 0.009, β= -0.023). It was established that board independence is significant in predicting profitability (p= 0.011, β= -0.001). External audit quality had a significant effect on profitability (p= 0.001, β= 0.258). Institutional ownership was significant in determining profitability (p= 0.000, β= 0.002). The study recommends that listed manufacturing and allied firms should ensure that an effective board is constituted which is optimum in size. The study further recommends that a blended board should be ensured comprising of both executive and non-executive directors which reflects the level of independence of the board. It was also recommended that firms should ensure that a highly reputable external auditor is appointed. In addition, firms should strive towards having a higher proportion of institutional shareholding to outstanding shareholdings. Given the 53.53 percent unexplained variation in profitability, further studies on manufacturing and allied firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya can consider other corporate governance attributes.
{"title":"Corporate Governance and Profitability of Manufacturing and Allied Firms Listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya","authors":"Malgit Amos Akims, Kanang Amos Akims, Oliver Mukweyi Pyoko","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v5i3.280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v5i3.280","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the effect of corporate governance on the profitability of manufacturing and allied firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya. The study was anchored by agency theory and stakeholder theory. Nine manufacturing and allied firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya constituted the target population and a census approach was adopted. The study found that board size had significant implications on the profitability of manufacturing and allied firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya (p= 0.009, β= -0.023). It was established that board independence is significant in predicting profitability (p= 0.011, β= -0.001). External audit quality had a significant effect on profitability (p= 0.001, β= 0.258). Institutional ownership was significant in determining profitability (p= 0.000, β= 0.002). The study recommends that listed manufacturing and allied firms should ensure that an effective board is constituted which is optimum in size. The study further recommends that a blended board should be ensured comprising of both executive and non-executive directors which reflects the level of independence of the board. It was also recommended that firms should ensure that a highly reputable external auditor is appointed. In addition, firms should strive towards having a higher proportion of institutional shareholding to outstanding shareholdings. Given the 53.53 percent unexplained variation in profitability, further studies on manufacturing and allied firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya can consider other corporate governance attributes.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135551794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of emotional support on humanitarian aid response in arid and semi-arid areas in Kenya. The study used a positivism approach and explanatory research design. The target population was 5996 from which a sample of 375 respondents was obtained using the Yamane formula. Structured questionnaires and interview guides were used to collect the data. The study used a stratified random technique to select the respondents. Qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis and presented in prose form. Moreover, SPSS Version 25 was used to organize and analyze the quantitative data. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and presented in tables and graphs. The study found that emotional support is positively and significantly related to humanitarian aid response in the Arid and Semi-Arid areas in Kenya (β=0.520, p=0.000). The results indicate that a unitary increase in emotional support will increase the humanitarian aid response in the Arid and Semi-Arid areas in Kenya by 0.520 units when other factors are held constant. The study concludes that emotional support encourages an individual to work hard at reaching goals, increasing humanitarian aid responses. Emotional support involves listening and empathizing with the team members, which positively impacts the delivery of humanitarian aid. Motivation drives individuals to work hard to achieve goals, thus increasing humanitarian aid response. Employees who trust leaders are less likely to quit, increasing humanitarian aid responses. Emotional support is an essential leadership ingredient that binds any relationship into a practical and working partnership. It is recommended that the management of the NGOs involved in the humanitarian aid response should concentrate more on emotional support. The management of NGOs should consider increasing the monetary benefits package they give to the team members. In addition, the management teams in organizations should always carry out a thorough study of the various motivational tools that can motivate employees. The management should listen to the view of the team members.
本研究的目的是考察情感支持对肯尼亚干旱和半干旱地区人道主义援助反应的影响。本研究采用实证主义研究方法和解释性研究设计。目标人群为5996人，其中使用Yamane公式获得了375名受访者样本。采用结构化问卷和访谈指南收集数据。该研究采用分层随机技术来选择受访者。定性数据采用内容分析法进行分析，并以散文形式呈现。采用SPSS Version 25对定量数据进行整理和分析。定量数据采用描述性统计和推理统计进行分析，并以表格和图表的形式呈现。研究发现，在肯尼亚干旱和半干旱地区，情感支持与人道主义援助响应呈显著正相关(β=0.520, p=0.000)。结果表明，当其他因素保持不变时，情感支持的单一增加将使肯尼亚干旱和半干旱地区的人道主义援助响应增加0.520个单位。该研究得出结论，情感支持鼓励个人努力实现目标，增加人道主义援助响应。情感支持包括倾听和同情团队成员，这对人道主义援助的提供产生积极影响。动机驱使个人努力工作以实现目标，从而增加人道主义援助响应。信任领导的员工不太可能辞职，从而增加了人道主义援助的响应。情感上的支持是领导能力的重要组成部分，它能将任何关系维系成一种切实可行的合作关系。建议参与人道主义援助响应的非政府组织的管理应更多地关注情感支持。非政府组织的管理层应该考虑增加给团队成员的金钱福利。此外，组织中的管理团队应该始终对能够激励员工的各种激励工具进行深入研究。管理层应该听取团队成员的意见。
{"title":"Influence of Emotional Support on Humanitarian Aid Response in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas in Kenya","authors":"Mohamed Abdullahi, Jeremiah Ole Koshal","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v5i3.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v5i3.277","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of emotional support on humanitarian aid response in arid and semi-arid areas in Kenya. The study used a positivism approach and explanatory research design. The target population was 5996 from which a sample of 375 respondents was obtained using the Yamane formula. Structured questionnaires and interview guides were used to collect the data. The study used a stratified random technique to select the respondents. Qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis and presented in prose form. Moreover, SPSS Version 25 was used to organize and analyze the quantitative data. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and presented in tables and graphs. The study found that emotional support is positively and significantly related to humanitarian aid response in the Arid and Semi-Arid areas in Kenya (β=0.520, p=0.000). The results indicate that a unitary increase in emotional support will increase the humanitarian aid response in the Arid and Semi-Arid areas in Kenya by 0.520 units when other factors are held constant. The study concludes that emotional support encourages an individual to work hard at reaching goals, increasing humanitarian aid responses. Emotional support involves listening and empathizing with the team members, which positively impacts the delivery of humanitarian aid. Motivation drives individuals to work hard to achieve goals, thus increasing humanitarian aid response. Employees who trust leaders are less likely to quit, increasing humanitarian aid responses. Emotional support is an essential leadership ingredient that binds any relationship into a practical and working partnership. It is recommended that the management of the NGOs involved in the humanitarian aid response should concentrate more on emotional support. The management of NGOs should consider increasing the monetary benefits package they give to the team members. In addition, the management teams in organizations should always carry out a thorough study of the various motivational tools that can motivate employees. The management should listen to the view of the team members.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135826389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated MHD flow in a porous medium across parallel plates with mass transfer in a rotating system. The governing equation of momentum were non-dimensionalised on velocity and concentration gradient. The resulting equations were then transformed using FD to fit some algebraic matrices solved by computer software (MATLAB). The end equations were analysed for velocity and concentration profile. The numerical data on concentration and velocity profile were recorded and presented graphically for interpretation and discussed. Some of the results revealed that velocity decreases when magnetic parameter and Grashof number increases. The knowledge obtained from this study can be applied in real life situations such as engineering and industries such as polymer processing.
{"title":"MHD in a Porous Medium across Parallel Plates with Mass Transfer in a Rotating System","authors":"Francis Onduso Momanyi, Maurine Maraka Wafula","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v5i3.272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v5i3.272","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated MHD flow in a porous medium across parallel plates with mass transfer in a rotating system. The governing equation of momentum were non-dimensionalised on velocity and concentration gradient. The resulting equations were then transformed using FD to fit some algebraic matrices solved by computer software (MATLAB). The end equations were analysed for velocity and concentration profile. The numerical data on concentration and velocity profile were recorded and presented graphically for interpretation and discussed. Some of the results revealed that velocity decreases when magnetic parameter and Grashof number increases. The knowledge obtained from this study can be applied in real life situations such as engineering and industries such as polymer processing.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aimed to examine the influence of Human Resource training and development on the adoption of solar energy technology in Climate Smart Agriculture in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The study adopted a positivist philosophy and a descriptive correlational research design targeting the County's 240 executive, policy, legislative, and decision-making level staff as of December 2022. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire that was pilot-tested and refined before final data collection. Data collected was analyzed in terms of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 28. Chi-Square test results confirmed a strong association between HR training and development and solar PV adoption {χ² (2546, N = 152) = 2739.667, p < .05}. Results revealed that HR training and development significantly predicted solar PV adoption, β = 1.739, t (152) = 19.548, p < .05, and stakeholder perceptions significantly moderated the relationship between HR training and development and solar PV adoption in the County. Thus, the study rejected the hypothesis that HR training and development did not significantly influence solar PV adoption. The study recommended that the county leadership allocate more financial resources and solar energy experts for training technicians and artisans.
该研究旨在研究人力资源培训和发展对肯尼亚瓦辛吉舒县气候智能型农业采用太阳能技术的影响。该研究采用了实证主义哲学和描述性相关研究设计，目标是截至2022年12月，该县240名行政、政策、立法和决策层的工作人员。数据收集使用结构化问卷，在最终数据收集之前进行了试点测试和改进。使用SPSS 28版对收集的数据进行描述性统计和推断性统计分析。卡方检验结果证实人力资源培训和发展与太阳能光伏采用之间存在很强的相关性{χ 2 (2546, N = 152) = 2739.667, p <0。}。结果表明，人力资源培训和发展对太阳能光伏采用率有显著预测作用，β = 1.739, t (152) = 19.548, p <.05，利益相关者的看法显著调节了人力资源培训和发展与县太阳能光伏采用之间的关系。因此，该研究否定了人力资源培训和发展对太阳能光伏采用没有显著影响的假设。该研究建议县领导分配更多的财政资源和太阳能专家来培训技术人员和工匠。
{"title":"Human Resource Training and Development and Adoption of Solar Photovoltaics in Climate Smart Agriculture in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya","authors":"David K. Korir, Caren O. Ouma, Timothy C. Okech","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v5i3.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v5i3.273","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to examine the influence of Human Resource training and development on the adoption of solar energy technology in Climate Smart Agriculture in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The study adopted a positivist philosophy and a descriptive correlational research design targeting the County's 240 executive, policy, legislative, and decision-making level staff as of December 2022. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire that was pilot-tested and refined before final data collection. Data collected was analyzed in terms of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 28. Chi-Square test results confirmed a strong association between HR training and development and solar PV adoption {χ² (2546, N = 152) = 2739.667, p < .05}. Results revealed that HR training and development significantly predicted solar PV adoption, β = 1.739, t (152) = 19.548, p < .05, and stakeholder perceptions significantly moderated the relationship between HR training and development and solar PV adoption in the County. Thus, the study rejected the hypothesis that HR training and development did not significantly influence solar PV adoption. The study recommended that the county leadership allocate more financial resources and solar energy experts for training technicians and artisans.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To survive and thrive in a dynamic and complex competitive environment riddled with crises, manufacturing firms need to enhance their crises preparedness. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of development of human capital competencies on crises preparedness in manufacturing firms within the Kenya Association of Manufacturers (KAM). The research adopted the positivism approach as the research philosophy and utilized descriptive correlational research design. The study population consisted of 783 chief executive officers from the KAM where a sample of 292 was drawn using stratified random sampling technique. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaire whereas descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to perform data analysis. Descriptive statistics focused on relative frequency distribution, means and standard deviation while inferential statistics included ordinal logistic regression. The study results are presented in form of table and numerical measures with descriptions. The results indicate that development of human capital competencies was a significant predictor of crises preparedness of manufacturing firms (β = 1.025, p < 0.05). The study concludes that development of human capital competencies is vital for the crises preparedness of the manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study recommends to corporate leaders to continually invest in human capital to create a learning organization in harmony with their companies’ purpose, intent, mission and objectives.
为了在充满危机的动态和复杂的竞争环境中生存和发展，制造企业需要加强危机准备。本研究的目的是研究人力资本能力的发展对肯尼亚制造商协会(KAM)内制造企业危机准备的影响。本研究采用实证主义方法作为研究哲学，采用描述性相关研究设计。研究人群包括来自KAM的783名首席执行官，其中使用分层随机抽样技术抽取了292名样本。数据收集采用自填问卷，数据分析采用描述性和推理性统计技术。描述性统计侧重于相对频率分布、均值和标准差，而推理统计则包括有序逻辑回归。研究结果以表格和数值测量的形式给出，并附有说明。结果表明，人力资本能力发展对制造业企业危机准备有显著预测作用(β = 1.025, p <0.05)。该研究得出结论，人力资本能力的发展对肯尼亚制造企业的危机准备至关重要。该研究建议企业领导人不断投资于人力资本，以创建一个与公司宗旨、意图、使命和目标相协调的学习型组织。
{"title":"Influence of Development of Human Capital Competencies on Crises Preparedness in Manufacturing Firms within the Kenya Association of Manufacturers","authors":"Paul Wanyagah, Caren O. Ouma, Gabriel Okello","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v5i3.276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v5i3.276","url":null,"abstract":"To survive and thrive in a dynamic and complex competitive environment riddled with crises, manufacturing firms need to enhance their crises preparedness. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of development of human capital competencies on crises preparedness in manufacturing firms within the Kenya Association of Manufacturers (KAM). The research adopted the positivism approach as the research philosophy and utilized descriptive correlational research design. The study population consisted of 783 chief executive officers from the KAM where a sample of 292 was drawn using stratified random sampling technique. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaire whereas descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to perform data analysis. Descriptive statistics focused on relative frequency distribution, means and standard deviation while inferential statistics included ordinal logistic regression. The study results are presented in form of table and numerical measures with descriptions. The results indicate that development of human capital competencies was a significant predictor of crises preparedness of manufacturing firms (β = 1.025, p < 0.05). The study concludes that development of human capital competencies is vital for the crises preparedness of the manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study recommends to corporate leaders to continually invest in human capital to create a learning organization in harmony with their companies’ purpose, intent, mission and objectives.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135983522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kulow Alou Alai, Maurine Maraka Wafula, Lawrence Njau
Fluid flow through this media is a key component in a wide range of activities like the generation of fluids from subsurface reservoirs and subterranean water resource restoration. Consequently, the study’s goal is to investigate the motion of Magneto Hydro Dynamics (MHD) nanofluids across a convectively heated plate superimposed on a radially expanding sheet embedded in a porous media. The model is formulated and non dimensionalized using similarity variables. By employing the shooting technique to transform the boundary conditions and, the R-K scheme in MATLAB bvp4c, the system of ODEs is solved. The results obtained are displayed in graphs and others in tables. The results indicate that with increasing porosity, magnetism, and surface rotation, the flow primary velocity decreases while the temperature profile surges. The findings from this study will provide beneficial theoretical insight into what parameters should be varied for maximum profit in several sectors like the power engineering sector, aerodynamic combination, drug recovery systems, and water solar heating systems.
{"title":"Magneto Hydrodynamic Nanofluid Flow over Convectively Heated Plate on Radially Stretching Sheet Embedded on Porous Media","authors":"Kulow Alou Alai, Maurine Maraka Wafula, Lawrence Njau","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v5i3.271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v5i3.271","url":null,"abstract":"Fluid flow through this media is a key component in a wide range of activities like the generation of fluids from subsurface reservoirs and subterranean water resource restoration. Consequently, the study’s goal is to investigate the motion of Magneto Hydro Dynamics (MHD) nanofluids across a convectively heated plate superimposed on a radially expanding sheet embedded in a porous media. The model is formulated and non dimensionalized using similarity variables. By employing the shooting technique to transform the boundary conditions and, the R-K scheme in MATLAB bvp4c, the system of ODEs is solved. The results obtained are displayed in graphs and others in tables. The results indicate that with increasing porosity, magnetism, and surface rotation, the flow primary velocity decreases while the temperature profile surges. The findings from this study will provide beneficial theoretical insight into what parameters should be varied for maximum profit in several sectors like the power engineering sector, aerodynamic combination, drug recovery systems, and water solar heating systems.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aimed to examine organizational culture's influence on the adoption of solar energy technology in climate-smart agriculture in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The study adopted a positivist philosophy and a descriptive correlational research design targeting the county's 240 executive, policy, legislative, and decision-making level staff as of December 2022. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire that was pilot-tested and refined before final data collection. Data collected was analyzed in terms of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 28. The results revealed a strong association between the organizational culture dimension and solar PV adoption as indicated by the Chi-Square test, χ² (2456, N = 152) = 2422.525, p < .05, while regression revealed that the organizational culture dimension significantly predicted solar PV adoption, (β = 1.686, t (152) = 17.360, p < .05). Given the results, the study rejected the null hypothesis that the organizational culture dimension of strategic leadership had no significant influence on solar PV adoption in the county, the study concluded that the organizational culture dimension elements were important for improved solar technology adoption. The study further recommended that the county develop an organizational culture that appreciates that climate change is a global phenomenon and ensures staff engagement and alignment with the objectives of solar PV adoption for climate change mitigation.
该研究旨在考察组织文化对肯尼亚瓦辛吉舒县气候智能型农业采用太阳能技术的影响。该研究采用了实证主义哲学和描述性相关研究设计，目标是截至2022年12月，该县240名行政、政策、立法和决策层的工作人员。数据收集使用结构化问卷，在最终数据收集之前进行了试点测试和改进。使用SPSS 28版对收集的数据进行描述性统计和推断性统计分析。结果表明，组织文化维度与太阳能光伏采用率之间存在较强的相关性，χ 2 (2456, N = 152) = 2422.525, p <回归结果显示，组织文化维度显著预测太阳能光伏采用率，(β = 1.686, t (152) = 17.360, p <. 05)。鉴于研究结果，本研究否定了战略领导的组织文化维度对县域太阳能光伏采用率没有显著影响的原假设，得出组织文化维度要素对提高太阳能技术采用率具有重要作用的结论。该研究进一步建议该县发展一种组织文化，认识到气候变化是一种全球现象，并确保工作人员参与并与采用太阳能光伏以减缓气候变化的目标保持一致。
{"title":"Influence of Organizational Culture on the Adoption ofSolar Photovoltaics in Climate-Smart Agriculture in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya","authors":"David K. Korir, Caren O. Ouma","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v5i3.274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v5i3.274","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to examine organizational culture's influence on the adoption of solar energy technology in climate-smart agriculture in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The study adopted a positivist philosophy and a descriptive correlational research design targeting the county's 240 executive, policy, legislative, and decision-making level staff as of December 2022. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire that was pilot-tested and refined before final data collection. Data collected was analyzed in terms of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 28. The results revealed a strong association between the organizational culture dimension and solar PV adoption as indicated by the Chi-Square test, χ² (2456, N = 152) = 2422.525, p < .05, while regression revealed that the organizational culture dimension significantly predicted solar PV adoption, (β = 1.686, t (152) = 17.360, p < .05). Given the results, the study rejected the null hypothesis that the organizational culture dimension of strategic leadership had no significant influence on solar PV adoption in the county, the study concluded that the organizational culture dimension elements were important for improved solar technology adoption. The study further recommended that the county develop an organizational culture that appreciates that climate change is a global phenomenon and ensures staff engagement and alignment with the objectives of solar PV adoption for climate change mitigation.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this study was to examine the influence of strategic positioning on the performance of e-commerce firms in Kenya. The study was grounded on the competitive advantage theory and was guided by a positivist philosophical perspective. The study was delimited to the use of quantitative research methods. The research sample consisted of 112 e-business enterprises that were registered in Nairobi. The focal point of the analysis was the 336 employees who held management-level positions within these companies. The study employed a structured questionnaire as a means of gathering data from participants. The study employed the census sampling method, encompassing all 112 e-business enterprises registered in Nairobi. The data was subjected to both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. Descriptive statistical analysis was employed to generate means and standard deviations, while regression analysis was utilized in the study to test the hypothesis. The results of the study indicate that strategic positioning has a significant influence on the performance of e-businesses in Nairobi, Kenya (β = 0.616, p < 0.05). The study implication is that the strategic positioning constructs of differentiation and pricing are essential to enable e-businesses to attain their performance objectives. Consequently, it is recommended that e-commerce executives implement features on their platforms that facilitate the comparison of product prices by customers. Additionally, it is suggested that e-businesses should offer a variety of products at discounted and premium prices, which come with enhanced features and improved services.
本研究的目的是研究战略定位对肯尼亚电子商务公司绩效的影响。本研究以竞争优势理论为基础，以实证主义哲学视角为指导。这项研究仅限于使用定量研究方法。研究样本包括在内罗毕注册的112家电子商务企业。分析的重点是在这些公司中担任管理层职位的336名员工。该研究采用结构化问卷作为收集参与者数据的手段。这项研究采用了人口普查抽样方法，涵盖了在内罗毕注册的所有112家电子商务企业。对数据进行了描述性和推断性统计分析。本研究采用描述性统计分析产生均值和标准差，采用回归分析检验假设。研究结果表明，战略定位对肯尼亚内罗毕电子商务绩效有显著影响(β = 0.616, p < 0.05)。研究表明，差异化和定价的战略定位结构对于电子商务实现其绩效目标至关重要。因此，建议电子商务主管在其平台上实现便于客户比较产品价格的功能。此外，建议电子商务应该以折扣和溢价提供各种产品，这些产品具有增强的功能和改进的服务。
{"title":"Strategic Positioning and the Performance of E-Businesses in Kenya","authors":"Zulfiqar Wali, C. Muraguri, Paul Wachana","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v5i3.270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v5i3.270","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to examine the influence of strategic positioning on the performance of e-commerce firms in Kenya. The study was grounded on the competitive advantage theory and was guided by a positivist philosophical perspective. The study was delimited to the use of quantitative research methods. The research sample consisted of 112 e-business enterprises that were registered in Nairobi. The focal point of the analysis was the 336 employees who held management-level positions within these companies. The study employed a structured questionnaire as a means of gathering data from participants. The study employed the census sampling method, encompassing all 112 e-business enterprises registered in Nairobi. The data was subjected to both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. Descriptive statistical analysis was employed to generate means and standard deviations, while regression analysis was utilized in the study to test the hypothesis. The results of the study indicate that strategic positioning has a significant influence on the performance of e-businesses in Nairobi, Kenya (β = 0.616, p < 0.05). The study implication is that the strategic positioning constructs of differentiation and pricing are essential to enable e-businesses to attain their performance objectives. Consequently, it is recommended that e-commerce executives implement features on their platforms that facilitate the comparison of product prices by customers. Additionally, it is suggested that e-businesses should offer a variety of products at discounted and premium prices, which come with enhanced features and improved services.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85751011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Competitive advantage has become an important determinant of survival for life assurance companies in the increasingly dynamic and competitive business environment. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of structural social capital on sustained competitive advantage in life assurance companies in Kenya. The study population comprised 3,250 middle-level and top-level management employees in all the 25 life assurance companies in Kenya and primary data was gathered from a sample of 356 using a questionnaire. The study used both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics included means and standard deviations while inferential statistics involved the use of a linear regression model. The study results portray that structural social capital had a significant and positive influence on the competitive advantage of life assurance firms in Kenya (β = 0.804, t = 12.634, p < 0.05). The study concludes that having network relations that help in the transfer of knowledge, and social ties between workers in the life assurance companies helps to leverage communication efficiency. The study also concludes that structural social capital influence competitive advantage through having very strong ties between networks in the life assurance companies, and having a high degree of closeness between employees in the social networks. The study, based on the findings, recommends to management of life assurance companies to formulate and adopt policies that enable network relations that help in the transfer of knowledge. Besides, management should enable social ties between workers in the companies to leverage communication efficiency among employees.
在竞争日益激烈的商业环境中，竞争优势已成为寿险公司生存的重要决定因素。摘要本研究旨在探讨结构性社会资本对肯尼亚寿险公司持续竞争优势的影响。研究人群包括肯尼亚所有25家人寿保险公司的3250名中层和高层管理人员，主要数据是从356名样本中收集的，使用问卷调查。该研究同时使用了描述性和推断性统计。描述性统计包括均值和标准差，而推理统计涉及使用线性回归模型。研究结果表明，结构性社会资本对肯尼亚寿险公司竞争优势具有显著的正向影响(β = 0.804, t = 12.634, p < 0.05)。该研究得出结论，拥有网络关系有助于知识的转移，而人寿保险公司员工之间的社会关系有助于提高沟通效率。研究还发现，结构性社会资本对竞争优势的影响是通过寿险公司内部网络之间的紧密联系和员工之间的高度亲密关系来实现的。在此基础上，本研究建议寿险公司管理层制定和采用有利于知识转移的网络关系政策。此外，管理层应该使员工之间的社会联系，以提高员工之间的沟通效率。
{"title":"Influence of Structural Social Capital on Competitive Advantage in Life Assurance Companies in Kenya","authors":"Yvonne M. N. Tharao, Joyce Ndegwa, Peter Kiriri","doi":"10.59952/tuj.v5i3.267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59952/tuj.v5i3.267","url":null,"abstract":"Competitive advantage has become an important determinant of survival for life assurance companies in the increasingly dynamic and competitive business environment. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of structural social capital on sustained competitive advantage in life assurance companies in Kenya. The study population comprised 3,250 middle-level and top-level management employees in all the 25 life assurance companies in Kenya and primary data was gathered from a sample of 356 using a questionnaire. The study used both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics included means and standard deviations while inferential statistics involved the use of a linear regression model. The study results portray that structural social capital had a significant and positive influence on the competitive advantage of life assurance firms in Kenya (β = 0.804, t = 12.634, p < 0.05). The study concludes that having network relations that help in the transfer of knowledge, and social ties between workers in the life assurance companies helps to leverage communication efficiency. The study also concludes that structural social capital influence competitive advantage through having very strong ties between networks in the life assurance companies, and having a high degree of closeness between employees in the social networks. The study, based on the findings, recommends to management of life assurance companies to formulate and adopt policies that enable network relations that help in the transfer of knowledge. Besides, management should enable social ties between workers in the companies to leverage communication efficiency among employees.","PeriodicalId":22453,"journal":{"name":"The Dhaka University Journal of Science","volume":"461 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86693112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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