Knowledge of the change in plantar foot shape under weight bearing can offer implications for the design and construction of a comfortable and functional foot support. This study is aimed at quantitatively analyzing the physical differences that exist in linear measurements of the foot in males and females and across both sex under different weight bearing conditions thus providing data for the design and construction of a comfortable foot support in Nigeria. The linear plantar foot shape dimension of 126 subjects (66 males and 60 females) with normal foot were measured under three weight bearing conditions: non-weight bearing, semi-weight bearing, and full-weight bearing. The data analyzed showed that increased weight bearing increased the foot length and foot breadth. Compared with the non-weight bearing foot shape, the semi-weight bearing condition produced increases in male foot length of 2.55% (6.4mm), female foot length of 1.57% (3.7mm), male foot breath of 3.7% (3.4mm), female foot breadth of 5.03% (4.2mm), while the full-weight bearing condition will produce increase in male foot length of 3.03% (7.4mm), female foot length of 2.33% (5.5mm), male foot breadth of 5.44% (5mm), and female foot breadth of 6.35% (5.3mm). The percentage change in foot length and breadth within and across both sexes is statistically significant (p<.05). The findings are useful in considering the change of foot shape in weight bearing during the selection of shoe size and shoe or insole design and construction and to the orthotics during the design of fitting devices for foot support. Also, it can be useful in forensic science.
{"title":"Quantitative Comparison Of Foot Anthropometry Under Different Weight Bearing Conditions Amongst Nigerians","authors":"G. Oladipo, Ibinado Bob-Manuel, G. Ezenatein","doi":"10.5580/90e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/90e","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of the change in plantar foot shape under weight bearing can offer implications for the design and construction of a comfortable and functional foot support. This study is aimed at quantitatively analyzing the physical differences that exist in linear measurements of the foot in males and females and across both sex under different weight bearing conditions thus providing data for the design and construction of a comfortable foot support in Nigeria. The linear plantar foot shape dimension of 126 subjects (66 males and 60 females) with normal foot were measured under three weight bearing conditions: non-weight bearing, semi-weight bearing, and full-weight bearing. The data analyzed showed that increased weight bearing increased the foot length and foot breadth. Compared with the non-weight bearing foot shape, the semi-weight bearing condition produced increases in male foot length of 2.55% (6.4mm), female foot length of 1.57% (3.7mm), male foot breath of 3.7% (3.4mm), female foot breadth of 5.03% (4.2mm), while the full-weight bearing condition will produce increase in male foot length of 3.03% (7.4mm), female foot length of 2.33% (5.5mm), male foot breadth of 5.44% (5mm), and female foot breadth of 6.35% (5.3mm). The percentage change in foot length and breadth within and across both sexes is statistically significant (p<.05). The findings are useful in considering the change of foot shape in weight bearing during the selection of shoe size and shoe or insole design and construction and to the orthotics during the design of fitting devices for foot support. Also, it can be useful in forensic science.","PeriodicalId":22525,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81260111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simian, and Sydney creases are anomalous palmar crease that had generated medical attention as their presence correlate strongly with several human chromosomal abnormalities and diseases. Works on these creases have been done on several human populations; racial and ethnic, but no specific documented study had singled out the Ijaws of SouthSouth Nigeria in respect to these palmar creases aberration. This study was to determine the prevalence of simian and Sydney creases in apparently normal individual of the Ijaw ethnicity of SouthSouth Nigeria and to compare it with known population prevalence. Five hundred and seven subjects of Ijaw origin were randomly selected. Subjects palms were physically inspected for simian and / or Sydney crease. Observations were categorised into gender and right / left palm(s). Relationship between creases, gender and right or left palm was assessed by Fisher's exact test. Results shows that the prevalence of male with simian crease in the male population and in the entire population was 3.98% and 1.77% respectively, while that for female were 4.27% and 2.37%. Sexual predilection was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Subject in the study population with simian crease is 4.14%. Sydney crease was uncommon, it occurred in 0.19% of individuals. Values in the Ijaws of SouthSouth Nigeria were generally lower than those of the Orient and higher than those of the Caucasians. Confirming that physical anthropology trait varies amongst populations.
{"title":"Prevalence of simian and Sydney creases in the Ijaws of South-South Nigeria.","authors":"Ca Oyinbo, H. Fawehinmi","doi":"10.5580/1a51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1a51","url":null,"abstract":"Simian, and Sydney creases are anomalous palmar crease that had generated medical attention as their presence correlate strongly with several human chromosomal abnormalities and diseases. Works on these creases have been done on several human populations; racial and ethnic, but no specific documented study had singled out the Ijaws of SouthSouth Nigeria in respect to these palmar creases aberration. This study was to determine the prevalence of simian and Sydney creases in apparently normal individual of the Ijaw ethnicity of SouthSouth Nigeria and to compare it with known population prevalence. Five hundred and seven subjects of Ijaw origin were randomly selected. Subjects palms were physically inspected for simian and / or Sydney crease. Observations were categorised into gender and right / left palm(s). Relationship between creases, gender and right or left palm was assessed by Fisher's exact test. Results shows that the prevalence of male with simian crease in the male population and in the entire population was 3.98% and 1.77% respectively, while that for female were 4.27% and 2.37%. Sexual predilection was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Subject in the study population with simian crease is 4.14%. Sydney crease was uncommon, it occurred in 0.19% of individuals. Values in the Ijaws of SouthSouth Nigeria were generally lower than those of the Orient and higher than those of the Caucasians. Confirming that physical anthropology trait varies amongst populations.","PeriodicalId":22525,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75463829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A comparative study was carried out to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites among women of the pre-menstrual, menstrual and post-mentrual stages in Makurdi, capital of Benue State-Nigeria. A total of 750 stools samples (250 premenstruals, 298 menstruals and 202 post-menstruals) were collected and examined for parasites using the formol-ether concentration technique. The overall prevalence was 56.8% with hookworm accounting for 4.8%, Ascaris lumbricoides (9.3%), Entamoeba histolytica (18.90%), Taenia sp(2.1%) and Entamoeba coli(21.6%). Females of the pre-menstrual stage had the highest prevalence rate of 72.80%. No significant association was observed between the different reproductive stages in women and prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections.
{"title":"A comparative study of intestinal parasitic infections among women at different reproductive stages in Makurdi, Benue State-Nigeria.","authors":"E. Amuta, R. Houmsou, Sd Mker","doi":"10.5580/1f54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1f54","url":null,"abstract":"A comparative study was carried out to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites among women of the pre-menstrual, menstrual and post-mentrual stages in Makurdi, capital of Benue State-Nigeria. A total of 750 stools samples (250 premenstruals, 298 menstruals and 202 post-menstruals) were collected and examined for parasites using the formol-ether concentration technique. The overall prevalence was 56.8% with hookworm accounting for 4.8%, Ascaris lumbricoides (9.3%), Entamoeba histolytica (18.90%), Taenia sp(2.1%) and Entamoeba coli(21.6%). Females of the pre-menstrual stage had the highest prevalence rate of 72.80%. No significant association was observed between the different reproductive stages in women and prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections.","PeriodicalId":22525,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73735380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Undernutrition among adolescents is of public health importance in developing countries including India. However, there is little information on nutritional status of adolescents in urban West Bengal. In view of this present study was conducted to ascertain the level of undernutrition among Telaga adolescents in Kharagpur town. A total of 930 (472 boys and 458 girls) children were measured. The mean BMI of children had shown a consistently increasing trend in both sexes from age of 13 years onwards. Moreover, there is a gender bias in favour of girls in higher mean BMI at all ages except 10 and 13 years. The overall prevalence of undernutrition was 28.60%. The rates were significantly higher among boys (37.59 %) compared with girls (19.43%). In conclusion, nutritional status of the studied children is not impressive especially among early adolescent and boys, respectively. There is urgent need intervention strategy through community based nutrition awareness.
{"title":"Prevalence of undernutrition among Telaga adolescents: An endogamous population of India","authors":"B. Das, S. Bisai","doi":"10.5580/c2b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/c2b","url":null,"abstract":"Undernutrition among adolescents is of public health importance in developing countries including India. However, there is little information on nutritional status of adolescents in urban West Bengal. In view of this present study was conducted to ascertain the level of undernutrition among Telaga adolescents in Kharagpur town. A total of 930 (472 boys and 458 girls) children were measured. The mean BMI of children had shown a consistently increasing trend in both sexes from age of 13 years onwards. Moreover, there is a gender bias in favour of girls in higher mean BMI at all ages except 10 and 13 years. The overall prevalence of undernutrition was 28.60%. The rates were significantly higher among boys (37.59 %) compared with girls (19.43%). In conclusion, nutritional status of the studied children is not impressive especially among early adolescent and boys, respectively. There is urgent need intervention strategy through community based nutrition awareness.","PeriodicalId":22525,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"354 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74132611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Handgrip strength is of great use as a functional index of nutritional status. Few studies confirmed that those in lower BMI category had lower mean handgrip strength too. In the present study, a total of 100 female labourers and 100 sedentary women were participated and the samples were collected purposively. The subjects were further divided into younger (18-25 years) and older (26-40 years) age groups. Age range of the subject was between 18 to 40 years. Selected anthropometric measurements were taken and nutritional indices were calculated using standard equations. Handgrip strength was measured using a digital handgrip dynamometer.When intra-group comparisons were made in younger and older female laborers, no significant differences (p≥0.05) were found for handgrip strength and the determinants of nutritional status, but in controls, intra-group comparisons showed significant differences (p≤0.05) in eight sets out of twelve (except right and left hand grip strength and arm fat index). When comparisons were made between younger and older female laborers and controls, statistically significant differences (p≤0.05) in all the parameters, especially the determinants of nutritional status were found. So it may be concluded that the nutritional status determined the handgrip strength of the female laborers.
{"title":"A Study on Handgrip Strength and some Anthropometric Variables in Younger and Older Female Laborers of Jalandhar, Punjab, India","authors":"S. Koley, N. Kaur","doi":"10.5580/22a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/22a5","url":null,"abstract":"Handgrip strength is of great use as a functional index of nutritional status. Few studies confirmed that those in lower BMI category had lower mean handgrip strength too. In the present study, a total of 100 female labourers and 100 sedentary women were participated and the samples were collected purposively. The subjects were further divided into younger (18-25 years) and older (26-40 years) age groups. Age range of the subject was between 18 to 40 years. Selected anthropometric measurements were taken and nutritional indices were calculated using standard equations. Handgrip strength was measured using a digital handgrip dynamometer.When intra-group comparisons were made in younger and older female laborers, no significant differences (p≥0.05) were found for handgrip strength and the determinants of nutritional status, but in controls, intra-group comparisons showed significant differences (p≤0.05) in eight sets out of twelve (except right and left hand grip strength and arm fat index). When comparisons were made between younger and older female laborers and controls, statistically significant differences (p≤0.05) in all the parameters, especially the determinants of nutritional status were found. So it may be concluded that the nutritional status determined the handgrip strength of the female laborers.","PeriodicalId":22525,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89268103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Nwaopara, C. Anibeze, F. Akpuaka, Ehis Uhumuavbi
Variations exist in the pattern by which blood types (ABO and Rh) and genotypes (AA, AS and SS) are inherited. Similar variations exist in the expression of genetic traits like dimples and widows peak. In this study however, we are concerned with the growing sense in genetic epidemiology that many findings are failing to replicate as many of the claimed associations are false positive and these false positives are seen because of the inability to study many genetic variants in relation to many disease outcomes, without knowing the precise bio-cultural background of the groups being studied. Thus, we present a preliminary attempt to determine the combination patterns between some morphogenetic traits expressed by 193 residents of Ekpoma, Nigeria. Focus is on dimples, widows peak, blood groups and genotypes. The results showed that the distribution of blood groups and genotypes are in line with previous finding while the results on morphogenetic trait combinations strikingly suggests that certain combinations might be rare or non-existent. We believe that this and similar findings may one day play a role in ‘predictive human screening’.
{"title":"The Pattern of Morphogenetic Traits Combination amongst the population of Ekpoma, Nigeria: Focus on Dimples, Widows Peak, Blood groups and Genotypes","authors":"A. Nwaopara, C. Anibeze, F. Akpuaka, Ehis Uhumuavbi","doi":"10.5580/258c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/258c","url":null,"abstract":"Variations exist in the pattern by which blood types (ABO and Rh) and genotypes (AA, AS and SS) are inherited. Similar variations exist in the expression of genetic traits like dimples and widows peak. In this study however, we are concerned with the growing sense in genetic epidemiology that many findings are failing to replicate as many of the claimed associations are false positive and these false positives are seen because of the inability to study many genetic variants in relation to many disease outcomes, without knowing the precise bio-cultural background of the groups being studied. Thus, we present a preliminary attempt to determine the combination patterns between some morphogenetic traits expressed by 193 residents of Ekpoma, Nigeria. Focus is on dimples, widows peak, blood groups and genotypes. The results showed that the distribution of blood groups and genotypes are in line with previous finding while the results on morphogenetic trait combinations strikingly suggests that certain combinations might be rare or non-existent. We believe that this and similar findings may one day play a role in ‘predictive human screening’.","PeriodicalId":22525,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87369161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study’s aim is to elucidate questions of bioarchaeological importance by highlighting an ethnic group whom helped shape the modern American West. This investigation concerns traumatic injury sustained by two Chinese Americans who died during the late 19th or early 20th centuries in northern Nevada, U.S. There has been little attention given to the “Overseas” Chinese, in either historical or archaeological contexts. The designation “Overseas” is given to those individuals who emigrated from mainland China starting in the 1800s to places around the world. Here, two individuals are described in terms of traumatic, perimortem injury, and other findings of pathological interest. These two individuals would have died from their sustained injuries. Of central importance to this study is to first emphasize the dangerous occupation that many Chinese undertook, such as mining activity or railroad construction. Second, not knowing the exact nature surrounding their deaths, this study investigates possible inter-personal violence that often resulted from antagonistic factions between either the Chinese themselves, or between the Chinese and other immigrants competing for high risk, but lucrative jobs scattered throughout the western United States.
{"title":"Perimortem Injury in a Chinese American Cemetery: Two Cases of Occupational Hazard or Interpersonal Violence","authors":"Ryan W. Schmidt","doi":"10.5580/2939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2939","url":null,"abstract":"This study’s aim is to elucidate questions of bioarchaeological importance by highlighting an ethnic group whom helped shape the modern American West. This investigation concerns traumatic injury sustained by two Chinese Americans who died during the late 19th or early 20th centuries in northern Nevada, U.S. There has been little attention given to the “Overseas” Chinese, in either historical or archaeological contexts. The designation “Overseas” is given to those individuals who emigrated from mainland China starting in the 1800s to places around the world. Here, two individuals are described in terms of traumatic, perimortem injury, and other findings of pathological interest. These two individuals would have died from their sustained injuries. Of central importance to this study is to first emphasize the dangerous occupation that many Chinese undertook, such as mining activity or railroad construction. Second, not knowing the exact nature surrounding their deaths, this study investigates possible inter-personal violence that often resulted from antagonistic factions between either the Chinese themselves, or between the Chinese and other immigrants competing for high risk, but lucrative jobs scattered throughout the western United States.","PeriodicalId":22525,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88117544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between obesity and lumbar range of motion in 300 randomly selected normal, healthy school going children (150 boys and 150 girls) aged 6-15 years of Amritsar, Punjab, India. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, percent lean body mass, lumbar flexion, lumbar extension and lumbar lateral flexion were measured on all the subjects following the standard techniques. The findings of the study indicate highly significant negative correlations both in boys and girls, between BMI and lumbar flexion (r= - 0.528 and - 0.393 respectively), lumbar extension (r= - 0.339 and -0.471 respectively) and lumbar lateral flexion (r= - 0.421 and -0.318 respectively), between percent body fat and lumbar flexion (r= - 0.393 and -0.247 respectively), lumbar extension (r= - 0.221 and -0.413 respectively) and with lumbar lateral flexion (r= - 0.340 in boys only). It could be concluded that obesity in terms of BMI and percent body fat has some strong association with lumbar range of motion in the studied samples.
{"title":"Relationship of obesity with lumbar range of motion in school going children of Amritsar, Punjab, India.","authors":"S. Koley, N. Kaur, J. Sandhu","doi":"10.5580/1a00","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1a00","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between obesity and lumbar range of motion in 300 randomly selected normal, healthy school going children (150 boys and 150 girls) aged 6-15 years of Amritsar, Punjab, India. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), percent body fat, percent lean body mass, lumbar flexion, lumbar extension and lumbar lateral flexion were measured on all the subjects following the standard techniques. The findings of the study indicate highly significant negative correlations both in boys and girls, between BMI and lumbar flexion (r= - 0.528 and - 0.393 respectively), lumbar extension (r= - 0.339 and -0.471 respectively) and lumbar lateral flexion (r= - 0.421 and -0.318 respectively), between percent body fat and lumbar flexion (r= - 0.393 and -0.247 respectively), lumbar extension (r= - 0.221 and -0.413 respectively) and with lumbar lateral flexion (r= - 0.340 in boys only). It could be concluded that obesity in terms of BMI and percent body fat has some strong association with lumbar range of motion in the studied samples.","PeriodicalId":22525,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84685184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The archaeology of the Chotanagpur region, as explained earlier, has been steadily giving new surprises over the years. It is time now to rethink the whole issue thoroughly in the context of influences from the entire region as well as indigenous growth and development of traditions and ways of life. First, an attempt has been made to cobble together the very patchy Neolithic record of the region and then the conclusions have been transferred to the Chalcolithic period in the region as well. This work will attempt to take into account the major sites of this period in the region. This data is analyzed through the lens of certain theoretical perspectives that may explain them. This would lead to a better understanding of the continuity of the prehistoric sites found in the Chotanagpur region. Finally, it might prove to be a means of further understanding the way prehistoric cultures have been manifesting themselves during the early historic period.
{"title":"Prehistory Of The Chotanagpur Region Part 3: The Neolithic Problem And The Chalcolithic","authors":"A. Ghosh","doi":"10.5580/223e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/223e","url":null,"abstract":"The archaeology of the Chotanagpur region, as explained earlier, has been steadily giving new surprises over the years. It is time now to rethink the whole issue thoroughly in the context of influences from the entire region as well as indigenous growth and development of traditions and ways of life. First, an attempt has been made to cobble together the very patchy Neolithic record of the region and then the conclusions have been transferred to the Chalcolithic period in the region as well. This work will attempt to take into account the major sites of this period in the region. This data is analyzed through the lens of certain theoretical perspectives that may explain them. This would lead to a better understanding of the continuity of the prehistoric sites found in the Chotanagpur region. Finally, it might prove to be a means of further understanding the way prehistoric cultures have been manifesting themselves during the early historic period.","PeriodicalId":22525,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89887966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anthropometric measures were used to determine sexual dimorphism in young Nigerians. This study was carried in the whole of the metropolis and was not institution-based. In this study we recruited one thousand volunteers made up of five hundred each of males and females. Their mean ages were 25.34±0.10 and 23.31±0.12 for males and females respectively. Anthropometric parameters measured included; height, weight, neck circumference (Nc), biacromial diameter (BAD) and waist circumference (Wc). From these parameters, indices were calculated using standard formulas. Males had significantly (p<.01) higher values for all the parameters measured except in Wc which was significantly lower (p<.01). Waist-Neck-Waist ratio (Wc-Nc:Wc), Waist-Biacromial diameter-Waist ratio (Wc-BAD:Wc) and Neck-Waist-Biacromial diameter-Waist ratio (Nc:Wc-BAD:Wc) showed strong positive significant (0.01) correlations in females against the moderate correlations in males. These results indicate that sexual dimorphism exists in young Nigerians with Wc, Nc and BAD indices having the most predictive power in females.
{"title":"Anthropometric Measure And Sexual Dimorphism In Young Adult Nigerians Resident In Calabar","authors":"A. Igiri, Moses B. Ekong, P. Odey","doi":"10.5580/ba","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/ba","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropometric measures were used to determine sexual dimorphism in young Nigerians. This study was carried in the whole of the metropolis and was not institution-based. In this study we recruited one thousand volunteers made up of five hundred each of males and females. Their mean ages were 25.34±0.10 and 23.31±0.12 for males and females respectively. Anthropometric parameters measured included; height, weight, neck circumference (Nc), biacromial diameter (BAD) and waist circumference (Wc). From these parameters, indices were calculated using standard formulas. Males had significantly (p<.01) higher values for all the parameters measured except in Wc which was significantly lower (p<.01). Waist-Neck-Waist ratio (Wc-Nc:Wc), Waist-Biacromial diameter-Waist ratio (Wc-BAD:Wc) and Neck-Waist-Biacromial diameter-Waist ratio (Nc:Wc-BAD:Wc) showed strong positive significant (0.01) correlations in females against the moderate correlations in males. These results indicate that sexual dimorphism exists in young Nigerians with Wc, Nc and BAD indices having the most predictive power in females.","PeriodicalId":22525,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73905157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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