Metastasis to the oral region are uncommon and account for about 1% of the oral malignant tumors and it may occur in the oral soft tissue or jaw bones. In 25% of cases, oral metastasis were found to be the first sign of the metastatic spread and in 23% it was the first indication of an undiscovered malignancy at a distant site. So we can say that oral cavity is the mirror of whole body. Oral lesions and manifestations suspect the possibility of metastasis from distant sites and that initiate the necessary investigations. This article has emphasised on various pathogenetic mechanisms related to tumours metastasizing to oral cavity.
{"title":"Possible Pathogenetic Mechanisms And Overview Of Metastatic Tumours To The Oral Cavity.","authors":"H. Singh, Prince Kumar, Ashish Nirwan, R. Kaur","doi":"10.5580/24dc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/24dc","url":null,"abstract":"Metastasis to the oral region are uncommon and account for about 1% of the oral malignant tumors and it may occur in the oral soft tissue or jaw bones. In 25% of cases, oral metastasis were found to be the first sign of the metastatic spread and in 23% it was the first indication of an undiscovered malignancy at a distant site. So we can say that oral cavity is the mirror of whole body. Oral lesions and manifestations suspect the possibility of metastasis from distant sites and that initiate the necessary investigations. This article has emphasised on various pathogenetic mechanisms related to tumours metastasizing to oral cavity.","PeriodicalId":22534,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Oncology","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81538855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Nwannadi, O. Alao, G. Bazuaye, M. Nwagu, M. Borke
Background: South-South geopolitical region of Nigeria is a region rich with oil exploration activities. The people in this region are exposed to petroleum products which is one of the factors associated with leukaemia. There are limited data on leukaemia among these people. This study sought to document the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with leukaemia from this region. Materials and methods: One hundred and sixty-three (163) case notes of patients from this region with the diagnosis of leukaemia over a ten-year period (January 1999 to December 2008) were reviewed. Clinical and laboratory profiles of the patients were extracted and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 15.Results: Leukaemia was found to be more common in males (52.1%) than in females (47.9%). The mean ages at diagnosis of the various subtypes of leukaemia were noted as follows: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) 4.4±2.3 years, acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) 25.6±3.3 years, chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) 35.2±2.8 years and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) 57.1±4.3. The mean duration of symptoms prior to presentation was found to be shortest (0.5 month) in AML and longest (11.5 months) in CLL. Weakness (82.2%) was found to be the most frequent symptom. This was followed by fever (78.5%), weight loss (54.6%), and bone pain (31.9%). The most common physical signs were pallor (71.2%), splenomegaly (66.3%), and hepatomegaly (47.8%). Haematocrit was found to be reduced below the reference ranges in all the leukaemias but the reduction was more in the acute leukaemias than in the chronic leukaemias. Total white cell count was moderately elevated in the acute leukaemias but markedly increased in the chronic leukaemias. Male patients had higher haematocrit, white cell count, and platelet count at presentation than the female patients. Conclusion: The clinical and laboratory features of the patients from this study were similar to what have been reported widely in literature, but the patients in our study presented late and had shorter median survival compared to their counterpart in the developed world.
{"title":"Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Patients with Leukaemia in South-South Nigeria","authors":"I. Nwannadi, O. Alao, G. Bazuaye, M. Nwagu, M. Borke","doi":"10.5580/d9e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/d9e","url":null,"abstract":"Background: South-South geopolitical region of Nigeria is a region rich with oil exploration activities. The people in this region are exposed to petroleum products which is one of the factors associated with leukaemia. There are limited data on leukaemia among these people. This study sought to document the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with leukaemia from this region. Materials and methods: One hundred and sixty-three (163) case notes of patients from this region with the diagnosis of leukaemia over a ten-year period (January 1999 to December 2008) were reviewed. Clinical and laboratory profiles of the patients were extracted and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 15.Results: Leukaemia was found to be more common in males (52.1%) than in females (47.9%). The mean ages at diagnosis of the various subtypes of leukaemia were noted as follows: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) 4.4±2.3 years, acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) 25.6±3.3 years, chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) 35.2±2.8 years and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) 57.1±4.3. The mean duration of symptoms prior to presentation was found to be shortest (0.5 month) in AML and longest (11.5 months) in CLL. Weakness (82.2%) was found to be the most frequent symptom. This was followed by fever (78.5%), weight loss (54.6%), and bone pain (31.9%). The most common physical signs were pallor (71.2%), splenomegaly (66.3%), and hepatomegaly (47.8%). Haematocrit was found to be reduced below the reference ranges in all the leukaemias but the reduction was more in the acute leukaemias than in the chronic leukaemias. Total white cell count was moderately elevated in the acute leukaemias but markedly increased in the chronic leukaemias. Male patients had higher haematocrit, white cell count, and platelet count at presentation than the female patients. Conclusion: The clinical and laboratory features of the patients from this study were similar to what have been reported widely in literature, but the patients in our study presented late and had shorter median survival compared to their counterpart in the developed world.","PeriodicalId":22534,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Oncology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75268918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malignant spinal cord compression (MSCC) occurs when malignant cells grow in, or near to the spinal cord, and compresses the thecal sac and nerve roots. These results in swelling and decrease in the blood flow to spinal cord and causes increase in the venous permeability and eventually interstitial edema. Interstitial edema compresses blood in small arterioles and arrest of capillary flow, resulting in ischemia. Ischemia impairs cord functions resulting in weakness and sensory impairment Any type of cancer can spread to the bones of the spine, which may lead to spinal cord compression. However, it is more commonly seen in hematological malignancies and in solid neoplasms such as breast, lung and prostate cancer. Consistent anatomical definitions of MSCC, clinical follow-up of definitive imaging studies and the addition of information on the natural history of cancer to traditional neurological and radiographic evaluation may all improve clinical assessment of suspected SCC in cancer patients. However, early detection and urgent treatment of malignant spinal cord compression is the only way to prevent paraplegia and severe neurological deficit.
{"title":"Malignant Spinal Cord Compression: An Overview","authors":"A. Dubey, R. Koul","doi":"10.5580/71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/71","url":null,"abstract":"Malignant spinal cord compression (MSCC) occurs when malignant cells grow in, or near to the spinal cord, and compresses the thecal sac and nerve roots. These results in swelling and decrease in the blood flow to spinal cord and causes increase in the venous permeability and eventually interstitial edema. Interstitial edema compresses blood in small arterioles and arrest of capillary flow, resulting in ischemia. Ischemia impairs cord functions resulting in weakness and sensory impairment Any type of cancer can spread to the bones of the spine, which may lead to spinal cord compression. However, it is more commonly seen in hematological malignancies and in solid neoplasms such as breast, lung and prostate cancer. Consistent anatomical definitions of MSCC, clinical follow-up of definitive imaging studies and the addition of information on the natural history of cancer to traditional neurological and radiographic evaluation may all improve clinical assessment of suspected SCC in cancer patients. However, early detection and urgent treatment of malignant spinal cord compression is the only way to prevent paraplegia and severe neurological deficit.","PeriodicalId":22534,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Oncology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90697803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Koul, A. Dubey, J. Morris, S. Gulka, G. Rathwell, D. Bulych
Everyone’s cancer experience is different and adjusting to life after treatment can also vary among survivors. A diagnosis of cancer in itself, raises many questions which impact the patient and their families. In addition to treatment patients receive under their oncologists there is a team of knowledgeable professionals available to help patients and families cope with the physical and emotional aspect of dealing with cancer. We evaluated the role of such individuals in our regional cancer center and found that they play a significant role in making the lives of our patients and their families better. Social workers provide a wide range of services including psychosocial assessment with action plan, education and counseling intervention. Information and referral linkage to resources and services in the community, along with transition planning are an important aspects of their responsibility. All services are provided from a psychosocial perspective to maximize a patient's potential for treatment while enhancing
{"title":"Evolving Role of Psychosocial Oncology in Regional Canadian Cancer Center","authors":"R. Koul, A. Dubey, J. Morris, S. Gulka, G. Rathwell, D. Bulych","doi":"10.5580/11b2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/11b2","url":null,"abstract":"Everyone’s cancer experience is different and adjusting to life after treatment can also vary among survivors. A diagnosis of cancer in itself, raises many questions which impact the patient and their families. In addition to treatment patients receive under their oncologists there is a team of knowledgeable professionals available to help patients and families cope with the physical and emotional aspect of dealing with cancer. We evaluated the role of such individuals in our regional cancer center and found that they play a significant role in making the lives of our patients and their families better. Social workers provide a wide range of services including psychosocial assessment with action plan, education and counseling intervention. Information and referral linkage to resources and services in the community, along with transition planning are an important aspects of their responsibility. All services are provided from a psychosocial perspective to maximize a patient's potential for treatment while enhancing","PeriodicalId":22534,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Oncology","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90595155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PURPOSE: The goal of this research is the analysis of the quality of life of the patients with advanced ovarian cancer in the period after radical surgery and chemotherapy.PATIENTS AND METHODS: 60 patients with advanced ovarian cancer who underwent radical surgery in the time period 2008-2009 at the University Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology “Narodni Front” and after that received adjuvant chemotherapy were selected for this research. The patients filled out the Short Form-36 (SF-36) Health Survey Questionnaire, the EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 (QLQ-C30) and Hamilton questionnaire.RESULTS: Based on the SF – 36 questionnaires, it has been calculated that the score for general health of the patients equals 56.03. The physical role and emotional role have received the lowest scores, of 23.33 and 26.66 respectively. Based on the QLQ-C30 questionnaire, it has been determined that one third of the patients had assigned the lowest possible score. The average score for depression was 8.9 out of 26, and 10.81 out of 24 for anxiety. CONCLUSION: The analysis of the quality of life of the patients during the disease can point to symptoms, i.e. factors leading to deterioration in the quality of life. Timely recognition of these factors and taking preventive measures could have positive influence on improving the quality of life during the disease.
{"title":"Quality Of Life Of The Patients With Ovarian Cancer","authors":"M. Zamurović, Z. Perisić","doi":"10.5580/14bf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/14bf","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE: The goal of this research is the analysis of the quality of life of the patients with advanced ovarian cancer in the period after radical surgery and chemotherapy.PATIENTS AND METHODS: 60 patients with advanced ovarian cancer who underwent radical surgery in the time period 2008-2009 at the University Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology “Narodni Front” and after that received adjuvant chemotherapy were selected for this research. The patients filled out the Short Form-36 (SF-36) Health Survey Questionnaire, the EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 (QLQ-C30) and Hamilton questionnaire.RESULTS: Based on the SF – 36 questionnaires, it has been calculated that the score for general health of the patients equals 56.03. The physical role and emotional role have received the lowest scores, of 23.33 and 26.66 respectively. Based on the QLQ-C30 questionnaire, it has been determined that one third of the patients had assigned the lowest possible score. The average score for depression was 8.9 out of 26, and 10.81 out of 24 for anxiety. CONCLUSION: The analysis of the quality of life of the patients during the disease can point to symptoms, i.e. factors leading to deterioration in the quality of life. Timely recognition of these factors and taking preventive measures could have positive influence on improving the quality of life during the disease.","PeriodicalId":22534,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Oncology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73636990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vaginal evisceration of bowel is an rare complication. Approximately 80 cases have been documented in world literature. Bowel evisceration is more commonly seen in postmenopausal women and is well documented complication of operations for gynecological malignancies, and pelvic exenteration. There are very few reports of this complication occurring following anterior exenteration for carcinoma bladder in female. We hereby report a case of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder who presented with bowel prolapse through the pelvic floor, a month after anterior exenteration and ileal conduit urinary diversion. The case is being reported to impress upon the need for a thorough pelvic floor repair in cases of pelvic exenteration.
{"title":"Vaginal Evisceration Following Anterior Pelvic Exenteration","authors":"V. Giridhar, P. Kumar, K. Natarajan, P. Hegde","doi":"10.5580/1a82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1a82","url":null,"abstract":"Vaginal evisceration of bowel is an rare complication. Approximately 80 cases have been documented in world literature. Bowel evisceration is more commonly seen in postmenopausal women and is well documented complication of operations for gynecological malignancies, and pelvic exenteration. There are very few reports of this complication occurring following anterior exenteration for carcinoma bladder in female. We hereby report a case of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder who presented with bowel prolapse through the pelvic floor, a month after anterior exenteration and ileal conduit urinary diversion. The case is being reported to impress upon the need for a thorough pelvic floor repair in cases of pelvic exenteration.","PeriodicalId":22534,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Oncology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87724669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Arrangóiz, Anthony Nigliazzo, K. Apelgren, A. Saxe
Squamous cell carcinoma of the breast (SCCB) is an extremely rare malignant neoplasm. The diagnosis is established when the malignant cells are entirely of squamous type, and overlying skin malignancies or other primary sites of squamous cell carcinoma have been excluded. These tumors are extremely aggressive and refractory to treatment. We report a case of a 58 year old white female with SCCB managed to date successfully with a extensive partial mastectomy and close observation.
{"title":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Breast: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"R. Arrangóiz, Anthony Nigliazzo, K. Apelgren, A. Saxe","doi":"10.5580/1a5f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/1a5f","url":null,"abstract":"Squamous cell carcinoma of the breast (SCCB) is an extremely rare malignant neoplasm. The diagnosis is established when the malignant cells are entirely of squamous type, and overlying skin malignancies or other primary sites of squamous cell carcinoma have been excluded. These tumors are extremely aggressive and refractory to treatment. We report a case of a 58 year old white female with SCCB managed to date successfully with a extensive partial mastectomy and close observation.","PeriodicalId":22534,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Oncology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83199687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Rothenberg, Marlow B. Hernandez, N. Bray, T. Weaver, Russell Zhuravsky
Interleukin 19 (IL-19), an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant cytokine, has been shown to affect the function and viability of lung fibroblasts, and has been implicated in lung cancer metastasis. 1-4 The purpose of this research was to compare gene expression profiles of IL-19 genes (through the collection of RNA isolates) between two lines of mice, an original tumor line (DA-3/TM), and a surgically resected metastatic tumor line (DA-3/TM-Mets). A battery of laboratory procedures were used to study metastasis of cancer from a primary tumor cell line, DA-3/TM, and from a metastatic site, DA-3/TM-Mets. Metastatic lesions in animal models were isolated, cultured, and analyzed in order to observe the changes between the primary and metastatic line. Both PCR and then Western Blots were performed to verify the initial findings from the metastatic lesions of mice. It was found that DA-3/TM-Mets, had more nodule metastasis throughout the lungs of BALB/c mice compared to that of DA-3/TM. A gene array performed showed that the key difference was IL-19, which was 30X higher in DA-3/TM-Mets than in DA-3/TM. This suggests a significant difference at the gene level. However, it is important to develop a new model to look at these tumor cell lines at the protein level in order to observe if this difference holds true. The data acquired shows promising results. Higher concentrations of IL-19 in the DA-3/ TMMets line may lead to the conclusion that IL-19 is exhibiting immunosuppressive activity, which does not allow the BALB/c mice’s immune system to fight off a tumor, resulting in their death. Therefore, there appears to be a direct correlation between the metastasis of cancer and the protein IL-19’s immunosuppressive effects.
{"title":"Relationship of IL-19 to the Metastatic Potential of a Lung Tumor","authors":"J. Rothenberg, Marlow B. Hernandez, N. Bray, T. Weaver, Russell Zhuravsky","doi":"10.5580/b3c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/b3c","url":null,"abstract":"Interleukin 19 (IL-19), an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant cytokine, has been shown to affect the function and viability of lung fibroblasts, and has been implicated in lung cancer metastasis. 1-4 The purpose of this research was to compare gene expression profiles of IL-19 genes (through the collection of RNA isolates) between two lines of mice, an original tumor line (DA-3/TM), and a surgically resected metastatic tumor line (DA-3/TM-Mets). A battery of laboratory procedures were used to study metastasis of cancer from a primary tumor cell line, DA-3/TM, and from a metastatic site, DA-3/TM-Mets. Metastatic lesions in animal models were isolated, cultured, and analyzed in order to observe the changes between the primary and metastatic line. Both PCR and then Western Blots were performed to verify the initial findings from the metastatic lesions of mice. It was found that DA-3/TM-Mets, had more nodule metastasis throughout the lungs of BALB/c mice compared to that of DA-3/TM. A gene array performed showed that the key difference was IL-19, which was 30X higher in DA-3/TM-Mets than in DA-3/TM. This suggests a significant difference at the gene level. However, it is important to develop a new model to look at these tumor cell lines at the protein level in order to observe if this difference holds true. The data acquired shows promising results. Higher concentrations of IL-19 in the DA-3/ TMMets line may lead to the conclusion that IL-19 is exhibiting immunosuppressive activity, which does not allow the BALB/c mice’s immune system to fight off a tumor, resulting in their death. Therefore, there appears to be a direct correlation between the metastasis of cancer and the protein IL-19’s immunosuppressive effects.","PeriodicalId":22534,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Oncology","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80732860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Pai, S. Pai, R. Lalitha, S. Kumaraswamy, N. Lalitha, R. Johnston, M. Bhargava
A 32-year old female patient presented with the tumor of the oral cavity at the Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India. Clinical examination and histopathological analyses confirmed the neoplasm as malignant melanoma. This rare melanoma of the buccal mucosa expressed carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as well as contained cells that expressed elevated levels of the c-myc oncogene product as identified by immunohistochemistry of the tumor biopsy. Presence of these tumor makers in the rare case of malignant melanoma with poor prognosis should allow exploration of novel targeted therapy against CEA and c-Myc.
{"title":"Identification of Biomarkers in an Oral Malignant Melanoma Case with Potential for Therapeutic Intervention","authors":"R. Pai, S. Pai, R. Lalitha, S. Kumaraswamy, N. Lalitha, R. Johnston, M. Bhargava","doi":"10.5580/247f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/247f","url":null,"abstract":"A 32-year old female patient presented with the tumor of the oral cavity at the Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, India. Clinical examination and histopathological analyses confirmed the neoplasm as malignant melanoma. This rare melanoma of the buccal mucosa expressed carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as well as contained cells that expressed elevated levels of the c-myc oncogene product as identified by immunohistochemistry of the tumor biopsy. Presence of these tumor makers in the rare case of malignant melanoma with poor prognosis should allow exploration of novel targeted therapy against CEA and c-Myc.","PeriodicalId":22534,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Oncology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85298909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Gilliam, J. Winters, E. A. McGuire, Sang-Joon Lee, M. Purdy, M. Fekrazad, M. Royce, K. Choi
Background: Metastatic bone disease, a common complication of malignancy, causes significant morbidity in affected patients. Intravenous bisphosphonates (IBPs) have shown efficacy in preventing skeletal morbidity, however few studies have investigated their efficacy and safety in cancer patients beyond 2 years of use. This retrospective study documents long term clinical use of IBPs among a variety of patient populations and clinical settings. Methods: This study is a multi-center retrospective chart review of patients who received IBPs (Pamidronate or Zoledronic Acid) for more than 24 months. Patients were at least 18 years of age and had tumor-associated bone disease. Data analysis focused on skeletal related events (SREs) and drug related toxicities such as renal failure and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). Results: Ninety-two patients were included with the most common diagnosis being multiple myeloma. A total of 44 SREs occurred among 23 patients. Mean time to first SRE was 515 days. The rate of skeletal events in the first 2 years of treatment was 0.70, while skeletal morbidity rate (SMR) in subsequent years was 0.16. Thirteen patients experienced renal toxicity; most patients’ renal function normalized after brief or permanent cessation of IBP therapy. ONJ was associated with 5 patients. Conclusion: Continuation of IBP therapy for skeletal metastasis after 2 years of treatment may improve skeletal morbidity. Similar to the first 2 years of treatment, significant toxicities such as renal failure and ONJ are uncommon.
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of intravenous bisphosphonates beyond two years","authors":"E. Gilliam, J. Winters, E. A. McGuire, Sang-Joon Lee, M. Purdy, M. Fekrazad, M. Royce, K. Choi","doi":"10.5580/2998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5580/2998","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Metastatic bone disease, a common complication of malignancy, causes significant morbidity in affected patients. Intravenous bisphosphonates (IBPs) have shown efficacy in preventing skeletal morbidity, however few studies have investigated their efficacy and safety in cancer patients beyond 2 years of use. This retrospective study documents long term clinical use of IBPs among a variety of patient populations and clinical settings. Methods: This study is a multi-center retrospective chart review of patients who received IBPs (Pamidronate or Zoledronic Acid) for more than 24 months. Patients were at least 18 years of age and had tumor-associated bone disease. Data analysis focused on skeletal related events (SREs) and drug related toxicities such as renal failure and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). Results: Ninety-two patients were included with the most common diagnosis being multiple myeloma. A total of 44 SREs occurred among 23 patients. Mean time to first SRE was 515 days. The rate of skeletal events in the first 2 years of treatment was 0.70, while skeletal morbidity rate (SMR) in subsequent years was 0.16. Thirteen patients experienced renal toxicity; most patients’ renal function normalized after brief or permanent cessation of IBP therapy. ONJ was associated with 5 patients. Conclusion: Continuation of IBP therapy for skeletal metastasis after 2 years of treatment may improve skeletal morbidity. Similar to the first 2 years of treatment, significant toxicities such as renal failure and ONJ are uncommon.","PeriodicalId":22534,"journal":{"name":"The Internet Journal of Oncology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77525202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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