Abstract:This essay argues that women's active participation in modern Jewish culture shaped modern Jewish masculinity. I examine this phenomenon by looking at how women figured in the writings of Jewish men as symbols of a new cultural modernity, showing how male writers orient themselves in relationship to women. The article focuses on the works of two well-known and popular writers, Abraham Cahan (1860–1951) and Sholem Aleichem (1856–1916), one American and the other Russian, who played important roles in shaping Yiddish culture as writers and literary gatekeepers. Reading their works, the essay shows how they represent and identify with their female protagonists, whose acts of reading open new modern social and political vistas. In Cahan's "The Imported Bridegroom" (1898) and Sholem Aleichem's Tevye the Dairyman, published serially between 1896–1914, young female protagonists read European novels that propel them to rebel against arranged marriages with Jewish Talmud scholars, and in doing so, they challenge the patriarchal authority of traditional Jewish texts and their male interpreters. In the place of this authoritative textual tradition, the female protagonists embrace the novel as a secular authority on everyday life. Reading these works, I illuminate how male writers' portrayal of Jewish women's desires articulate their own vexed relationships to a changing literary culture that included women.
{"title":"Men Reading Women: Gender, Secularism, and Literary Modernity in the Writings of Abraham Cahan and Sholem Aleichem","authors":"Allison Schachter","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2021.0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2021.0041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay argues that women's active participation in modern Jewish culture shaped modern Jewish masculinity. I examine this phenomenon by looking at how women figured in the writings of Jewish men as symbols of a new cultural modernity, showing how male writers orient themselves in relationship to women. The article focuses on the works of two well-known and popular writers, Abraham Cahan (1860–1951) and Sholem Aleichem (1856–1916), one American and the other Russian, who played important roles in shaping Yiddish culture as writers and literary gatekeepers. Reading their works, the essay shows how they represent and identify with their female protagonists, whose acts of reading open new modern social and political vistas. In Cahan's \"The Imported Bridegroom\" (1898) and Sholem Aleichem's Tevye the Dairyman, published serially between 1896–1914, young female protagonists read European novels that propel them to rebel against arranged marriages with Jewish Talmud scholars, and in doing so, they challenge the patriarchal authority of traditional Jewish texts and their male interpreters. In the place of this authoritative textual tradition, the female protagonists embrace the novel as a secular authority on everyday life. Reading these works, I illuminate how male writers' portrayal of Jewish women's desires articulate their own vexed relationships to a changing literary culture that included women.","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"90 1","pages":"622 - 649"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79481391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hero and Outcast: César Tiempo and the History of Jews in Argentina","authors":"Raanan Rein","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2021.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2021.0033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"4 1","pages":"512 - 516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91131011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"David Markus: From the Holocaust to the Cold War","authors":"M. Rom","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2021.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2021.0035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"22 1","pages":"521 - 524"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85102927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Tannaitic literature, the earliest stratum of rabbinic literature, offers a detailed account of a complex and multivalent relationship between a small group of provincial subjects of the Roman Empire and their coins, couched in legal terms. In this article, I discuss tannaitic prescriptions for use and abuse of coins against the backdrop of other nonrabbinic Jewish approaches to Roman coinage, and in the context of the political meaning of coin use in the Roman Empire. For the Early rabbis, coins are a special category of object, governed by their own rules and made special by the image on them, which the rabbis do not consider idolatrous. To fulfill some obligations imposed by the Torah or the rabbis, the rabbis required the use of "current" (i.e., Roman-approved) coinage while arrogating to themselves the authority to regulate individual coins and to order them pulled from circulation. Coins are thus an interesting test case for the complex relationship between the Early rabbis and the empire to which they were subject.
{"title":"Roman Coinage and Its Early Rabbinic Users","authors":"Amit Gvaryahu","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2021.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2021.0037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Tannaitic literature, the earliest stratum of rabbinic literature, offers a detailed account of a complex and multivalent relationship between a small group of provincial subjects of the Roman Empire and their coins, couched in legal terms. In this article, I discuss tannaitic prescriptions for use and abuse of coins against the backdrop of other nonrabbinic Jewish approaches to Roman coinage, and in the context of the political meaning of coin use in the Roman Empire. For the Early rabbis, coins are a special category of object, governed by their own rules and made special by the image on them, which the rabbis do not consider idolatrous. To fulfill some obligations imposed by the Torah or the rabbis, the rabbis required the use of \"current\" (i.e., Roman-approved) coinage while arrogating to themselves the authority to regulate individual coins and to order them pulled from circulation. Coins are thus an interesting test case for the complex relationship between the Early rabbis and the empire to which they were subject.","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"3 1","pages":"529 - 554"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82195406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This brief essay offers a set of remarks on the postmortem inventory of a Jew from the city of Marseille who died in 1397. The inventory, which lists all the assets in the estate, had been compiled by the decedent's daughters and was then presented to the court in order to be registered. Like many inventories from the region, it proceeds room by room, and offers valuable glimpses of Jewish material culture as well as the folk ontology governing the classification of things. The article includes a translation of the inventory, recording strikethrough deletions and interlineations.
{"title":"The Postmortem Inventory of Astrug Mosse, a Jew of Marseille (1397)","authors":"D. Smail","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2021.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2021.0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This brief essay offers a set of remarks on the postmortem inventory of a Jew from the city of Marseille who died in 1397. The inventory, which lists all the assets in the estate, had been compiled by the decedent's daughters and was then presented to the court in order to be registered. Like many inventories from the region, it proceeds room by room, and offers valuable glimpses of Jewish material culture as well as the folk ontology governing the classification of things. The article includes a translation of the inventory, recording strikethrough deletions and interlineations.","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"21 1","pages":"338 - 346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78421170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bricks without Mortar: Looking at Lists","authors":"Natalie B. Dohrmann","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2021.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2021.0032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"335 - 337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79787282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:In the aftermath of the 1848 revolutions, the search for a symbolic Jewish presence in the urban centers of Central Europe led to the emergence of a monumental synagogue architecture in the Moorish revival style. This new architectural convention experienced a sudden breakthrough in April and May 1854, when it was adopted almost simultaneously in the plans for three major synagogues to be built in Leipzig, Vienna, and Pest. In this article, I will demonstrate that the social and aesthetic agendas of the three community leaderships were interconnected and that they must be understood in the context of the international political events transpiring at the time. In the spring of 1854, Europe witnessed the military and propagandistic run-up to the Crimean War. In the spirit of liberal patriotism, Hungarian Jews identified with the Ottomans against the Czarist Empire and saw the contemporary Islamic-Christian alliance as a globalizing extension of the emancipation process.
{"title":"Building the Great Synagogue of Pest: Moorish Revival Architecture and the European-Ottoman Alliance in the Crimean War","authors":"C. Wilke","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2021.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2021.0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In the aftermath of the 1848 revolutions, the search for a symbolic Jewish presence in the urban centers of Central Europe led to the emergence of a monumental synagogue architecture in the Moorish revival style. This new architectural convention experienced a sudden breakthrough in April and May 1854, when it was adopted almost simultaneously in the plans for three major synagogues to be built in Leipzig, Vienna, and Pest. In this article, I will demonstrate that the social and aesthetic agendas of the three community leaderships were interconnected and that they must be understood in the context of the international political events transpiring at the time. In the spring of 1854, Europe witnessed the military and propagandistic run-up to the Crimean War. In the spirit of liberal patriotism, Hungarian Jews identified with the Ottomans against the Czarist Empire and saw the contemporary Islamic-Christian alliance as a globalizing extension of the emancipation process.","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"7 1","pages":"444 - 469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87081850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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