This essay is a contribution to this issue's forum on French Jewish studies.
摘要:本文为本期法国犹太研究论坛的投稿。
{"title":"Riots, Revolution, and Cultural Productivity","authors":"Jay R. Berkovitz","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2023.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2023.0003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Abstract:</p><p>This essay is a contribution to this issue's forum on French Jewish studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"5 1","pages":"10 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82490151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Portraits of Abraham often bear the distinctive stamp of their creators, a fact attested in spiritual biographies of the patriarch in medieval Jewish literature. An example is Abraham as portrayed in the pages of a Torah commentary by the fourteenth-century Maimonidean Eleazar Ashkenazi ben Nathan ha-Bavli. In step with Maimonidean models, this Abraham ardently cultivates noesis as the principal religious activity. At the same time, he puts himself in grave danger in order to promote a revolutionary monotheistic teaching. While often taking his bearings from Maimonides, Eleazar can imbue Maimonidean ideas and interpretations with new resonances and turn them in novel directions. In his account of Abraham’s career as a monotheist missionary, Eleazar portrays Abraham in a manner without Maimonidean precedent when he imputes to the patriarch the use of mockery as a device to breach idolatrous ignorance. Eleazar emulates Abraham’s use of ridicule in his campaign on rationality’s behalf. Yet where Eleazar’s Abraham uses mockery against pagan irrationality, Eleazar deploys it to deride fruits of the midrashic hermeneutic and its foremost medieval spokesperson, Rashi. Put otherwise, Eleazar ridicules midrashim that threaten to turn the divine word into a propagator of the sort of unscientific myths Abraham so heroically opposed. In so doing, he positions himself in a line of enlighteners standing at the perennial crossroads between rational religion and popular faith.
{"title":"Medieval Representations of Abraham: Mockery as a Vehicle of Rational Enlightenment in Eleazar Ashkenazi ben Nathan ha-Bavli’s Revealer of Secrets","authors":"E. Lawee","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2022.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2022.0033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Portraits of Abraham often bear the distinctive stamp of their creators, a fact attested in spiritual biographies of the patriarch in medieval Jewish literature. An example is Abraham as portrayed in the pages of a Torah commentary by the fourteenth-century Maimonidean Eleazar Ashkenazi ben Nathan ha-Bavli. In step with Maimonidean models, this Abraham ardently cultivates noesis as the principal religious activity. At the same time, he puts himself in grave danger in order to promote a revolutionary monotheistic teaching. While often taking his bearings from Maimonides, Eleazar can imbue Maimonidean ideas and interpretations with new resonances and turn them in novel directions. In his account of Abraham’s career as a monotheist missionary, Eleazar portrays Abraham in a manner without Maimonidean precedent when he imputes to the patriarch the use of mockery as a device to breach idolatrous ignorance. Eleazar emulates Abraham’s use of ridicule in his campaign on rationality’s behalf. Yet where Eleazar’s Abraham uses mockery against pagan irrationality, Eleazar deploys it to deride fruits of the midrashic hermeneutic and its foremost medieval spokesperson, Rashi. Put otherwise, Eleazar ridicules midrashim that threaten to turn the divine word into a propagator of the sort of unscientific myths Abraham so heroically opposed. In so doing, he positions himself in a line of enlighteners standing at the perennial crossroads between rational religion and popular faith.","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"14 1","pages":"697 - 730"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78127705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The article examines the history of the first sustainable Yiddish daily in the world, Yidishes tageblat (Jewish Daily News), published in New York between 1885 and 1928). The history of the Tageblat exposes two lacunas in the existing scholarship about Yiddish culture in America. First, there are almost no English-language studies about Orthodox Yiddish newspapers. Second, whereas many historians have accepted and repeated a characterization of the Tageblat as an “Orthodox” paper, in reality it exhibited mildly traditional views that catered to many immigrants’ aching for homey Yiddishkayt, which did not necessitate rigorous observance of Jewish law. The newspaper’s conservatism was anchored in the concept of klal-yisroel (the Jewish people as a whole) rather than specific precepts. The article examines various writers/editors in the paper and shows how they were far not only from Orthodoxy, but sometimes even from traditionalism. This topic also illuminates the paucity of studies about conservative as well as lowbrow American Yiddish culture, especially in comparison to the plethora of studies about radical (socialist, communist, etc.) Yiddish culture. Finally, the article analyzes the difficulty to isolate and define the Tageblat’s kind of traditionalism as a historical phenomenon.
{"title":"The Organ of the Jewish People: The Yidishes Tageblat and Uncharted Conservative Yiddish Culture in America","authors":"G. Ribak","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2022.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2022.0036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The article examines the history of the first sustainable Yiddish daily in the world, Yidishes tageblat (Jewish Daily News), published in New York between 1885 and 1928). The history of the Tageblat exposes two lacunas in the existing scholarship about Yiddish culture in America. First, there are almost no English-language studies about Orthodox Yiddish newspapers. Second, whereas many historians have accepted and repeated a characterization of the Tageblat as an “Orthodox” paper, in reality it exhibited mildly traditional views that catered to many immigrants’ aching for homey Yiddishkayt, which did not necessitate rigorous observance of Jewish law. The newspaper’s conservatism was anchored in the concept of klal-yisroel (the Jewish people as a whole) rather than specific precepts. The article examines various writers/editors in the paper and shows how they were far not only from Orthodoxy, but sometimes even from traditionalism. This topic also illuminates the paucity of studies about conservative as well as lowbrow American Yiddish culture, especially in comparison to the plethora of studies about radical (socialist, communist, etc.) Yiddish culture. Finally, the article analyzes the difficulty to isolate and define the Tageblat’s kind of traditionalism as a historical phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"795 - 822"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84464981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This essay is a contribution to this issue’s forum on legal theory and Jewish history.
摘要:本文是本期法学理论与犹太历史论坛的一篇投稿。
{"title":"A Thing Imaginary","authors":"S. Stone","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2022.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2022.0029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Abstract:</p><p>This essay is a contribution to this issue’s forum on legal theory and Jewish history.</p>","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"16 1","pages":"626 - 630"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75833822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This essay is a contribution to this issue’s forum on legal theory and Jewish history.
摘要:本文是本期法学理论与犹太历史论坛的一篇投稿。
{"title":"Jewish Legal Theory?","authors":"N. Stolzenberg","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2022.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2022.0043","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Abstract:</p><p>This essay is a contribution to this issue’s forum on legal theory and Jewish history.</p>","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"25 1","pages":"636 - 643"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87459420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:In his Sefer tikun ha-de‘ot, the thirteenth-century Jewish philosopher Isaac Albalag advocates the double truth doctrine, according to which the truth of philosophy and the truth of religion are contradictory yet simultaneously true. To support this doctrine, Albalag offers an unusual conception of prophecy that links prophets to a suprarational mode of apprehension and a domain of reality that contradicts demonstrative truth. Both doctrines clash with the Tikun’s visible Aristotelianism. In this paper, I argue that the double truth doctrine is not an actual dogma, but rather, serves a mere rhetorical-practical purpose. I analyze Albalag’s skeptical critiques of the limitation of the human intellect, showing how these eventually lead to the conclusion that the state of prophecy that lies at the heart of the double truth doctrine is unachievable.
{"title":"A Philosopher-Prophet or an Angel? A Skeptical Reading of Isaac Albalag’s Theory of Prophecy","authors":"Bakinaz Abdalla","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2022.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2022.0032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In his Sefer tikun ha-de‘ot, the thirteenth-century Jewish philosopher Isaac Albalag advocates the double truth doctrine, according to which the truth of philosophy and the truth of religion are contradictory yet simultaneously true. To support this doctrine, Albalag offers an unusual conception of prophecy that links prophets to a suprarational mode of apprehension and a domain of reality that contradicts demonstrative truth. Both doctrines clash with the Tikun’s visible Aristotelianism. In this paper, I argue that the double truth doctrine is not an actual dogma, but rather, serves a mere rhetorical-practical purpose. I analyze Albalag’s skeptical critiques of the limitation of the human intellect, showing how these eventually lead to the conclusion that the state of prophecy that lies at the heart of the double truth doctrine is unachievable.","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"58 1","pages":"670 - 696"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83210648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This essay considers intercultural exchange within the framework of the early modern missionary encounter, concentrating on the Pietist mission in eighteenth-century Germany. The complex ramifications of Protestant Pietism for Jewish history have not received sustained scholarly attention; this essay argues that the meetings between Pietist missionaries and Jews often resulted in an intense dialogue, entailing an intriguing cultural entanglement. In the first half of the eighteenth century, the Pietist mission prompted personal conversations between Christians and a significant number of Jews. Most Jews were surprisingly willing to speak with the missionaries, despite their evident agenda. The essay focuses on three individual authors of well-known Yiddish ethical (musar) works whose extensive links to Pietism have been largely overlooked: Elhanan Henle Kirchhan, author of Simhat ha-nefesh (1707, 1726/27), Aaron of Hergershausen, author of Liblikhe tfile (1709), and Isaac Wetzlar who penned the social critique Libes briv (1748).This creative dialogue between Jews and Pietists provides important empirical data to substantiate theories of cultural transfer and, more specifically, Jewish translation in the early modern period. In their dialogue with the Christian missionaries who set out to convert them, Yiddish writers formulated their own plans for the reform of Jewish society according to the precepts of piety. Rather than foregrounding confessional division, the Jewish-Pietist encounter was rooted in a shared quest for spiritual and social improvement through the reform of religious life, moral conduct, and education, to the extent that a comparative reading of Jewish and Pietist sources exposes an unexpected cross-cultural synergy.
{"title":"A Jewish-Pietist Network: Dialogues between Protestant Missionaries and Yiddish Writers in Eighteenth-Century Germany","authors":"R. Voss","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2022.0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2022.0034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay considers intercultural exchange within the framework of the early modern missionary encounter, concentrating on the Pietist mission in eighteenth-century Germany. The complex ramifications of Protestant Pietism for Jewish history have not received sustained scholarly attention; this essay argues that the meetings between Pietist missionaries and Jews often resulted in an intense dialogue, entailing an intriguing cultural entanglement. In the first half of the eighteenth century, the Pietist mission prompted personal conversations between Christians and a significant number of Jews. Most Jews were surprisingly willing to speak with the missionaries, despite their evident agenda. The essay focuses on three individual authors of well-known Yiddish ethical (musar) works whose extensive links to Pietism have been largely overlooked: Elhanan Henle Kirchhan, author of Simhat ha-nefesh (1707, 1726/27), Aaron of Hergershausen, author of Liblikhe tfile (1709), and Isaac Wetzlar who penned the social critique Libes briv (1748).This creative dialogue between Jews and Pietists provides important empirical data to substantiate theories of cultural transfer and, more specifically, Jewish translation in the early modern period. In their dialogue with the Christian missionaries who set out to convert them, Yiddish writers formulated their own plans for the reform of Jewish society according to the precepts of piety. Rather than foregrounding confessional division, the Jewish-Pietist encounter was rooted in a shared quest for spiritual and social improvement through the reform of religious life, moral conduct, and education, to the extent that a comparative reading of Jewish and Pietist sources exposes an unexpected cross-cultural synergy.","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"1990 1","pages":"731 - 763"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90400505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This essay is a contribution to this issue’s forum on legal theory and Jewish history.
摘要:本文是本期法学理论与犹太历史论坛的一篇投稿。
{"title":"Pax Tannaitica","authors":"Natalie B. Dohrmann","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2022.0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2022.0040","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Abstract:</p><p>This essay is a contribution to this issue’s forum on legal theory and Jewish history.</p>","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"39 1","pages":"606 - 612"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77450482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This essay is a contribution to this issue’s forum on legal theory and Jewish history.
摘要:本文是本期法学理论与犹太历史论坛的一篇投稿。
{"title":"A Religious Zionist Dream: Rabbi Herzog’s Vision of Israeli Law","authors":"Arye Edrei","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2022.0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2022.0042","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Abstract:</p><p>This essay is a contribution to this issue’s forum on legal theory and Jewish history.</p>","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"620 - 625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77929961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This essay is a contribution to this issue’s forum on legal theory and Jewish history.
摘要:本文是本期法学理论与犹太历史论坛的一篇投稿。
{"title":"Jewish Law and the Global Turn in Legal History","authors":"Jessica M. Marglin","doi":"10.1353/jqr.2022.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2022.0030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Abstract:</p><p>This essay is a contribution to this issue’s forum on legal theory and Jewish history.</p>","PeriodicalId":22606,"journal":{"name":"The Jewish Quarterly Review","volume":"40 1","pages":"631 - 635"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89171555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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