Pub Date : 2018-02-23DOI: 10.35248/2684-1266.18.4.112
A. Purkayastha
Recent advances in therapeutic procedures and targeted agents in the treatment of Head and Neck Carcinoma (HNC) has resulted in increase in overall survival and disease-free survival. However, 15-50% of patients will still develop recurrent disease. Not only on-treatment patients but cancer survivors are also at high risk of developing second malignancies, of which one third occurring in the head and neck region. Increase in survival of these patients has in turn enhanced the detection chances of HNC recurrence which were normally not reported due to early mortality. For routine work-up, investigations like chest X-ray, Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) scan or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is done while Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan is recommended only in locally advanced disease. However, recent studies suggest that combining functional and morphological imaging with positron emission and computed tomography scan to be advantageous than individual imaging in detecting residual or recurrent lesion.
{"title":"Significance of Morphological and Functional Imaging in Assessment of Residual and Recurrent Disease in Head and Neck Carcinomas","authors":"A. Purkayastha","doi":"10.35248/2684-1266.18.4.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2684-1266.18.4.112","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in therapeutic procedures and targeted agents in the treatment of Head and Neck Carcinoma (HNC) has resulted in increase in overall survival and disease-free survival. However, 15-50% of patients will still develop recurrent disease. Not only on-treatment patients but cancer survivors are also at high risk of developing second malignancies, of which one third occurring in the head and neck region. Increase in survival of these patients has in turn enhanced the detection chances of HNC recurrence which were normally not reported due to early mortality. For routine work-up, investigations like chest X-ray, Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) scan or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is done while Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan is recommended only in locally advanced disease. However, recent studies suggest that combining functional and morphological imaging with positron emission and computed tomography scan to be advantageous than individual imaging in detecting residual or recurrent lesion.","PeriodicalId":22619,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88907260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Arowolo, O. Olasehinde, A. Oyekunle, A. Adisa, O. Alatise, Abdul-Rasheed K. Adesunkanmi
The aetiopathogenesis of cancer has been linked to life behaviour in a significant percentage of cases. Overweight, sedentary lifestyle, smoking and the excessive use of alcohol have been shown to play important roles. This study is aimed at determining the effect of life behavioural patterns and diets in the incidence of breast cancer in Nigerians population. A prospective case-controlled study of 125 breast cancer patients and 89 normal were recruited in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Questionnaire was administered to determine life behavioural patterns and nutritional habits. The variables on nutrition items were pooled to form 23 aggregate variables renamed “total variables” and exposure to endogenous estrogens was calculated. The means age in the patient and control groups were 45.9±10.4 and 44.5±15.2 years, respectively. A significantly higher number of patients in the breast cancer group had at least one previous abortion compared to the control group. The two groups have similar contraceptive use history and mean body mass index (BMI). 14 derived variables on univariate analysis were found to be significant, but only four (menarche [p = 0.002], “total beans” [p = 0.003], “total oils” [p = 0.021] and alcohol intake [p = 0.034]) reached statistical significance when subjected to multivariate regression analysis. Most were premenopausal but onsets of menarche were significantly higher among breast cancer patients. The onset of menarche, intake of beans, oils and alcohol may play a role in the incidence of breast cancer. Key words: Life behaviour, diet, physical activities, breast cancer among women, Nigeria.
{"title":"The influence of life behaviour, diet, physical activities on the incidence of breast cancer among women attending Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife","authors":"O. Arowolo, O. Olasehinde, A. Oyekunle, A. Adisa, O. Alatise, Abdul-Rasheed K. Adesunkanmi","doi":"10.5897/JCREO2017.0150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JCREO2017.0150","url":null,"abstract":"The aetiopathogenesis of cancer has been linked to life behaviour in a significant percentage of cases. Overweight, sedentary lifestyle, smoking and the excessive use of alcohol have been shown to play important roles. This study is aimed at determining the effect of life behavioural patterns and diets in the incidence of breast cancer in Nigerians population. A prospective case-controlled study of 125 breast cancer patients and 89 normal were recruited in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Questionnaire was administered to determine life behavioural patterns and nutritional habits. The variables on nutrition items were pooled to form 23 aggregate variables renamed “total variables” and exposure to endogenous estrogens was calculated. The means age in the patient and control groups were 45.9±10.4 and 44.5±15.2 years, respectively. A significantly higher number of patients in the breast cancer group had at least one previous abortion compared to the control group. The two groups have similar contraceptive use history and mean body mass index (BMI). 14 derived variables on univariate analysis were found to be significant, but only four (menarche [p = 0.002], “total beans” [p = 0.003], “total oils” [p = 0.021] and alcohol intake [p = 0.034]) reached statistical significance when subjected to multivariate regression analysis. Most were premenopausal but onsets of menarche were significantly higher among breast cancer patients. The onset of menarche, intake of beans, oils and alcohol may play a role in the incidence of breast cancer. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Life behaviour, diet, physical activities, breast cancer among women, Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":22619,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80839608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Ketogenic diets have repeatedly been suggested for the treatment of cancer. To date, only a few case studies reporting long term benefits associated with such diets have been published. Case report: Here we present a case where recurrent cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), a premalignant condition of cervical cancer, was successfully treated with the paleolithic ketogenic diet. The patient had a history of high grade CIN in 2011, which was successfully treated with cervical conization and fractional curettage. In October 2015 she was found to have a recurrence of high grade CIN (HSIL: High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion). The patient was then commenced on the paleolithic ketogenic diet and her repeat Pap (Papanicolaou) smear three months later was found to have reverted to normal. The patient has remained on the paleolithic ketogenic diet for 26 months, her repeat smears have stayed normal, and she is free of symptoms and side effects. Conclusion: We conclude that the diet was effective and safe in this patient. As a major benefit the patient was able to avoid a hysterectomy, which is the standard treatment for recurrent high-grade CIN. We believe that the paleolithic ketogenic diet combines benefits of both paleolithic and classical ketogenic diets, while excluding their disadvantages.
背景:生酮饮食已多次被建议用于治疗癌症。迄今为止，只有少数案例研究报告了这种饮食的长期益处。病例报告:在这里我们提出一个病例复发宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)，宫颈癌的恶性前状态，成功地治疗旧石器时代生酮饮食。患者于2011年有高度CIN病史，经宫颈锥切术及分次刮除成功治疗。2015年10月发现高级别CIN复发(HSIL: high grade Squamous Intraepithelial病变)。患者开始旧石器时代生酮饮食，3个月后复查巴氏涂片恢复正常。患者已坚持旧石器时代生酮饮食26个月，复查涂片正常，无任何症状和副作用。结论:该饮食对该患者有效且安全。作为一个主要的好处，患者能够避免子宫切除术，这是复发的高级别CIN的标准治疗。我们认为旧石器时代生酮饮食结合了旧石器时代和经典生酮饮食的优点，同时排除了它们的缺点。
{"title":"Complete Cessation of Recurrent Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) by the Paleolithic Ketogenic Diet: A Case Report","authors":"C. Tóth, Zsófia Clemens Mária Schimmer","doi":"10.12691/JCRT-6-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/JCRT-6-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ketogenic diets have repeatedly been suggested for the treatment of cancer. To date, only a few case studies reporting long term benefits associated with such diets have been published. Case report: Here we present a case where recurrent cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), a premalignant condition of cervical cancer, was successfully treated with the paleolithic ketogenic diet. The patient had a history of high grade CIN in 2011, which was successfully treated with cervical conization and fractional curettage. In October 2015 she was found to have a recurrence of high grade CIN (HSIL: High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion). The patient was then commenced on the paleolithic ketogenic diet and her repeat Pap (Papanicolaou) smear three months later was found to have reverted to normal. The patient has remained on the paleolithic ketogenic diet for 26 months, her repeat smears have stayed normal, and she is free of symptoms and side effects. Conclusion: We conclude that the diet was effective and safe in this patient. As a major benefit the patient was able to avoid a hysterectomy, which is the standard treatment for recurrent high-grade CIN. We believe that the paleolithic ketogenic diet combines benefits of both paleolithic and classical ketogenic diets, while excluding their disadvantages.","PeriodicalId":22619,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89361387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.12677/WJCR.2018.81001
高晓晗, 李杰, 杨洁, 袁军, 王瑞仓, 李燕, 王素云, 郝洪岭
目的：探讨尼洛替尼(AMN107)与三氧化二砷(ATO)是否具有协同作用，为寻找慢性髓细胞白血病治疗新方法提供理论基础。方法：体外培养K562细胞，分别加入AMN107、ATO及两者联合干预细胞生长；MTT法检测药物对K562细胞增殖的影响；流式细胞仪检测药物对K562细胞凋亡的影响；流式细胞仪检测药物对K562细胞的细胞周期的影响；RT-PCR检测各组K562细胞BCR-ABL融合基因表达水平的变化。结果：MTT结果示AMN107、ATO均能够抑制K562细胞的生长，但两者联合较单药效果更佳，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率(%)，AMN107 (10 umol/L)凋亡率为74.86 ± 1.86，ATO (5 umol/L)凋亡率为24.12 ± 2.03，两者联合可达到84.60 ± 1.80。RT-PCR检测显示ATO联合AMN107作用于K562细胞24 h、48 h、72 h后BCR/ABL融合基因的RQ比值分别为：0.51 ± 0.00、0.46 ± 0.00、0.37 ± 0.02。比两者单用BCR/ABL的比值更低。差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。 Objective: To explore whether Nilotinib (AMN107) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) had synergistic effect, to provide theoretical basis for the new treatment of chronic myelocytic leukemia. Methods: K562 cells were cultivated in vitro, treated with AMN107, ATO or both; Cell proliferation of K562 cells were evaluated by using a MTT assay. Cell apoptosis of K562 cells were examined by using Flow cytometry. Cell cycle of K562 cells were anlysised by using Flow cytometry. The expression levels of BCR-ABL fusion genes of K562 cells were analyzed by using PT-PCR. Results: MTT shows that both of the AMN107 and ATO can inhibit the growth of the cells of K562, the combination of the two drugs was better than single one. Flow cytometry detected the cell apoptosis (%), AMN107 (10 umol/L) was 74.86 ± 1.86, ATO (5 umol/L) was 24.12 ± 2.03, the combination were 84.60 ± 1.80. RT-PCR shows that the combination group treated with the K562 cells after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, the RQ of BCR/ABL were: 0.51 ± 0.00, 0.46 ± 0.00, 0.37 ± 0.02. The results were better than single one (P < 0.05).
目的：探讨尼洛替尼(AMN107)与三氧化二砷(ATO)是否具有协同作用，为寻找慢性髓细胞白血病治疗新方法提供理论基础。方法：体外培养K562细胞，分别加入AMN107、ATO及两者联合干预细胞生长；MTT法检测药物对K562细胞增殖的影响；流式细胞仪检测药物对K562细胞凋亡的影响；流式细胞仪检测药物对K562细胞的细胞周期的影响；RT-PCR检测各组K562细胞BCR-ABL融合基因表达水平的变化。结果：MTT结果示AMN107、ATO均能够抑制K562细胞的生长，但两者联合较单药效果更佳，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率(%)，AMN107 (10 umol/L)凋亡率为74.86 ± 1.86，ATO (5 umol/L)凋亡率为24.12 ± 2.03，两者联合可达到84.60 ± 1.80。RT-PCR检测显示ATO联合AMN107作用于K562细胞24 h、48 h、72 h后BCR/ABL融合基因的RQ比值分别为：0.51 ± 0.00、0.46 ± 0.00、0.37 ± 0.02。比两者单用BCR/ABL的比值更低。差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。 Objective: To explore whether Nilotinib (AMN107) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) had synergistic effect, to provide theoretical basis for the new treatment of chronic myelocytic leukemia. Methods: K562 cells were cultivated in vitro, treated with AMN107, ATO or both; Cell proliferation of K562 cells were evaluated by using a MTT assay. Cell apoptosis of K562 cells were examined by using Flow cytometry. Cell cycle of K562 cells were anlysised by using Flow cytometry. The expression levels of BCR-ABL fusion genes of K562 cells were analyzed by using PT-PCR. Results: MTT shows that both of the AMN107 and ATO can inhibit the growth of the cells of K562, the combination of the two drugs was better than single one. Flow cytometry detected the cell apoptosis (%), AMN107 (10 umol/L) was 74.86 ± 1.86, ATO (5 umol/L) was 24.12 ± 2.03, the combination were 84.60 ± 1.80. RT-PCR shows that the combination group treated with the K562 cells after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, the RQ of BCR/ABL were: 0.51 ± 0.00, 0.46 ± 0.00, 0.37 ± 0.02. The results were better than single one (P < 0.05).
{"title":"尼洛替尼联合三氧化二砷对K562细胞增殖及凋亡的影响 The Effects of Nilotinib and Arsenic Trioxide on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of K562 Cells","authors":"高晓晗, 李杰, 杨洁, 袁军, 王瑞仓, 李燕, 王素云, 郝洪岭","doi":"10.12677/WJCR.2018.81001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/WJCR.2018.81001","url":null,"abstract":"目的：探讨尼洛替尼(AMN107)与三氧化二砷(ATO)是否具有协同作用，为寻找慢性髓细胞白血病治疗新方法提供理论基础。方法：体外培养K562细胞，分别加入AMN107、ATO及两者联合干预细胞生长；MTT法检测药物对K562细胞增殖的影响；流式细胞仪检测药物对K562细胞凋亡的影响；流式细胞仪检测药物对K562细胞的细胞周期的影响；RT-PCR检测各组K562细胞BCR-ABL融合基因表达水平的变化。结果：MTT结果示AMN107、ATO均能够抑制K562细胞的生长，但两者联合较单药效果更佳，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率(%)，AMN107 (10 umol/L)凋亡率为74.86 ± 1.86，ATO (5 umol/L)凋亡率为24.12 ± 2.03，两者联合可达到84.60 ± 1.80。RT-PCR检测显示ATO联合AMN107作用于K562细胞24 h、48 h、72 h后BCR/ABL融合基因的RQ比值分别为：0.51 ± 0.00、0.46 ± 0.00、0.37 ± 0.02。比两者单用BCR/ABL的比值更低。差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。 Objective: To explore whether Nilotinib (AMN107) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) had synergistic effect, to provide theoretical basis for the new treatment of chronic myelocytic leukemia. Methods: K562 cells were cultivated in vitro, treated with AMN107, ATO or both; Cell proliferation of K562 cells were evaluated by using a MTT assay. Cell apoptosis of K562 cells were examined by using Flow cytometry. Cell cycle of K562 cells were anlysised by using Flow cytometry. The expression levels of BCR-ABL fusion genes of K562 cells were analyzed by using PT-PCR. Results: MTT shows that both of the AMN107 and ATO can inhibit the growth of the cells of K562, the combination of the two drugs was better than single one. Flow cytometry detected the cell apoptosis (%), AMN107 (10 umol/L) was 74.86 ± 1.86, ATO (5 umol/L) was 24.12 ± 2.03, the combination were 84.60 ± 1.80. RT-PCR shows that the combination group treated with the K562 cells after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, the RQ of BCR/ABL were: 0.51 ± 0.00, 0.46 ± 0.00, 0.37 ± 0.02. The results were better than single one (P < 0.05).","PeriodicalId":22619,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75285318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.12677/WJCR.2018.81007
洪宏海, 唐晓华, 王征, 范雪娇
目的：研究INF-γ通过ATGL诱导肝癌细胞HepG2凋亡的作用及分子机制。方法：ELISA法检测血清中INF-γ水平；MTT法检测肝癌细胞HepG2活力；Caspase-3酶活性试剂盒检测Caspase-3酶活性；过表达ATGL，研究INF-γ通过ATGL诱导肝癌细胞HepG2凋亡作用。结果：肝癌病人血清中INF-γ水平明显降低(P < 0.001)；INF-γ通过ATGL诱导肝癌细胞HepG2凋亡、促进Caspase-3酶活性升高和下调Bcl-2/Bax比例。结论：肝癌病人血清INF-γ水平降低，其通过下调ATGL蛋白诱导肝癌细胞HepG2凋亡。 Objective: To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of INF-gamma induced apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2). Methods: ELISA method was used to detect the level of INF-gamma in serum. MTT assay was used to detect HepG2 proliferation, Caspase-3 enzyme activity kit was used to detect Caspase-3 enzyme activity. Overexpression of ATGL to investigate the molecular mechanism of INF-gamma induced apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Results: The level of INF-gamma in serum of liver cancer patients was significantly reduced. INF-gamma induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells, promoted the activity of Caspase-3 enzyme and down-regulated the proportion of Bcl-2/Bax through ATGL. Conclusion: The level of serum INF-gamma in liver cancer patients decreased and caused the apoptosis of HepG2 cells by down-regulating ATGL level.
目的：研究INF-γ通过ATGL诱导肝癌细胞HepG2凋亡的作用及分子机制。方法：ELISA法检测血清中INF-γ水平；MTT法检测肝癌细胞HepG2活力；Caspase-3酶活性试剂盒检测Caspase-3酶活性；过表达ATGL，研究INF-γ通过ATGL诱导肝癌细胞HepG2凋亡作用。结果：肝癌病人血清中INF-γ水平明显降低(P < 0.001)；INF-γ通过ATGL诱导肝癌细胞HepG2凋亡、促进Caspase-3酶活性升高和下调Bcl-2/Bax比例。结论：肝癌病人血清INF-γ水平降低，其通过下调ATGL蛋白诱导肝癌细胞HepG2凋亡。 Objective: To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of INF-gamma induced apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2). Methods: ELISA method was used to detect the level of INF-gamma in serum. MTT assay was used to detect HepG2 proliferation, Caspase-3 enzyme activity kit was used to detect Caspase-3 enzyme activity. Overexpression of ATGL to investigate the molecular mechanism of INF-gamma induced apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Results: The level of INF-gamma in serum of liver cancer patients was significantly reduced. INF-gamma induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells, promoted the activity of Caspase-3 enzyme and down-regulated the proportion of Bcl-2/Bax through ATGL. Conclusion: The level of serum INF-gamma in liver cancer patients decreased and caused the apoptosis of HepG2 cells by down-regulating ATGL level.
{"title":"INF-γ通过下调ATGL蛋白水平诱导肝癌细胞HepG2凋亡 INF-Gamma Induces HepG2 Apoptosis via Down-Regulating the Level of ATGL Protein","authors":"洪宏海, 唐晓华, 王征, 范雪娇","doi":"10.12677/WJCR.2018.81007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/WJCR.2018.81007","url":null,"abstract":"目的：研究INF-γ通过ATGL诱导肝癌细胞HepG2凋亡的作用及分子机制。方法：ELISA法检测血清中INF-γ水平；MTT法检测肝癌细胞HepG2活力；Caspase-3酶活性试剂盒检测Caspase-3酶活性；过表达ATGL，研究INF-γ通过ATGL诱导肝癌细胞HepG2凋亡作用。结果：肝癌病人血清中INF-γ水平明显降低(P < 0.001)；INF-γ通过ATGL诱导肝癌细胞HepG2凋亡、促进Caspase-3酶活性升高和下调Bcl-2/Bax比例。结论：肝癌病人血清INF-γ水平降低，其通过下调ATGL蛋白诱导肝癌细胞HepG2凋亡。 Objective: To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of INF-gamma induced apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2). Methods: ELISA method was used to detect the level of INF-gamma in serum. MTT assay was used to detect HepG2 proliferation, Caspase-3 enzyme activity kit was used to detect Caspase-3 enzyme activity. Overexpression of ATGL to investigate the molecular mechanism of INF-gamma induced apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Results: The level of INF-gamma in serum of liver cancer patients was significantly reduced. INF-gamma induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells, promoted the activity of Caspase-3 enzyme and down-regulated the proportion of Bcl-2/Bax through ATGL. Conclusion: The level of serum INF-gamma in liver cancer patients decreased and caused the apoptosis of HepG2 cells by down-regulating ATGL level.","PeriodicalId":22619,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"178 1","pages":"42-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75374103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2684-1266.18.4.115
K. Michel, Ashley L. Gehrand, M. Thompson, M. Oaks
Background: Patients with cancer often do not receive vaccines to preventable infectious diseases such as influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia because of a lack of knowledge about the optimal timing of vaccination relative to their underlying disease or their current cancer treatments. Cancer immunotherapies, which rely on the ability to promote immune responsiveness to tumors, are a promising therapeutic modality, but their impact on vaccination is largely unexplored.Methods: We used a pre-clinical mouse model to evaluate the antibody response to a T-dependent (TD) or a Tindependent (TI) antigen immunization with concomitant administration of either checkpoint inhibitors such as antibodies to CTLA-4 or PD-L1 or an antibody to CD40 that has adjuvant properties.Results: We found that checkpoint blockade with anti-CTLA-4 or anti-PD-L1 antibodies provided reduction in IgM, IgG, and most IgG subclasses when immunized with either TI or TD antigens. On the other hand, a CD40 agonist antibody provoked modest reductions in all immunoglobulins in response to TD antigen but provided marked increases in most immunoglobulins and IgG subclasses in response to TI antigen.Conclusions: These data suggest that the timing of vaccinations relative to immunotherapies might be an important factor in determining the efficacy of vaccination. If these findings are shown to extend to humans, the antibody response to vaccination might be attenuated and patients might be at increased risk for infection. This pilot study provides potential mechanistic insights into an important consideration in patients receiving immunotherapies.
{"title":"The Effects of Checkpoint Blockade and a CD40 Agonist on Tindependent and T-dependent Antibody Responses in Mice: Implications for Optimization of Vaccination Strategies in Patients Receiving Immunotherapies","authors":"K. Michel, Ashley L. Gehrand, M. Thompson, M. Oaks","doi":"10.35248/2684-1266.18.4.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2684-1266.18.4.115","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients with cancer often do not receive vaccines to preventable infectious diseases such as influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia because of a lack of knowledge about the optimal timing of vaccination relative to their underlying disease or their current cancer treatments. Cancer immunotherapies, which rely on the ability to promote immune responsiveness to tumors, are a promising therapeutic modality, but their impact on vaccination is largely unexplored.Methods: We used a pre-clinical mouse model to evaluate the antibody response to a T-dependent (TD) or a Tindependent (TI) antigen immunization with concomitant administration of either checkpoint inhibitors such as antibodies to CTLA-4 or PD-L1 or an antibody to CD40 that has adjuvant properties.Results: We found that checkpoint blockade with anti-CTLA-4 or anti-PD-L1 antibodies provided reduction in IgM, IgG, and most IgG subclasses when immunized with either TI or TD antigens. On the other hand, a CD40 agonist antibody provoked modest reductions in all immunoglobulins in response to TD antigen but provided marked increases in most immunoglobulins and IgG subclasses in response to TI antigen.Conclusions: These data suggest that the timing of vaccinations relative to immunotherapies might be an important factor in determining the efficacy of vaccination. If these findings are shown to extend to humans, the antibody response to vaccination might be attenuated and patients might be at increased risk for infection. This pilot study provides potential mechanistic insights into an important consideration in patients receiving immunotherapies.","PeriodicalId":22619,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90292844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.12677/WJCR.2018.82012
屠 惠明
{"title":"The Control Study of Endoscopic Closure with Acute Perforation and Laparoscopic Repair","authors":"屠 惠明","doi":"10.12677/WJCR.2018.82012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/WJCR.2018.82012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22619,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"75-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81981681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.12677/wjcr.2018.83017
于 红梅
{"title":"Research Progress on Tumor Resistance and Intestinal Microflora","authors":"于 红梅","doi":"10.12677/wjcr.2018.83017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/wjcr.2018.83017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22619,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"65 1","pages":"108-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84027656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.12677/WJCR.2018.84020
孙 红梅
{"title":"Progress of Helicobacter pylori in the Pathogenesis of Colonic Polyps","authors":"孙 红梅","doi":"10.12677/WJCR.2018.84020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/WJCR.2018.84020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22619,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"58 1","pages":"127-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73366422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.12677/WJCR.2018.81004
朱林佳, 上官宗校, 慈晓, 原少斐, 赵仁国
目的：探讨晚期肺腺癌中TTF-1和TS的表达与培美曲塞化疗疗效的关系。方法：回顾性分析80例接受培美曲塞化疗的晚期肺腺癌患者的临床病理资料。免疫组织化学法检测肿瘤标本TTF-1和TS蛋白的表达，并对疗效进行分析。结果：TTF-1阳性表达率为71.25% (57/80)，TS阳性表达率为22.50% (18/80)。TTF-1和TS在肺癌中的表达呈负相关性(r = −0.356，P = 0.002)。化疗有效率(CR + PR)为46.25%，TTF-1(+)患者有效率(64.91%)显著高于TTF-1(−)患者(39.13%)，差异有显著性(P < 0.05)。TS(+)患者有效率(27.78%)显著低于TS(−)患者51.61%，差异有显著性(P < 0.05)。联合检测显示：TTF-1(−)且TS(+)组有效率为28.57%，中位无疾病进展时间为3.9个月，1年生存率为28.6%，TTF-1(+)且TS(−)组有效率为81.13%，中位无疾病进展时间为7.4个月，1年生存率为69.8%，差异均有显著性(P < 0.05)。结论: 联合检测TTF-1和TS的表达可作为培美曲塞化疗方案治疗晚期肺腺癌的疗效预测指标之一。 Objective: To investigate the relationship between expression of TTF-1, TS and chemotherapy effect of pemetrexed in advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: Eighty patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma treating by pemetrexed were enrolled in this study and their tumor samples were collected retrospectively for analysis. The expression of TTF-1, TS protein in tumor samples was de-tected by the immunohistochemical method. The data of therapeutical effect and toxicity were col-lected and analyzed. Results: The TTF-1 positive staining accounted for 71.25% (57/80). The TS positive staining accounted for 22.50% (18/80). TTF-1 and TS expression in lung cancer tissues had negative correlation (r = −0.356, P = 0.002). The response rate (CR + PR) was 46.25%. The efficiency of patients with over-expression of TTF-1 (64.91%) was significant higher than patients with low-expression of TTF-1 (39.13%) (P < 0.05). The efficiency of patients with over-expression of TS (27.78%) was significant lower than patients with low-expression of TS (51.61%) (P < 0.05). The ef-ficiency, median progress time and 1-survival rate of patients with over-expression TS and low-expression of TTF-1 (28.57%, 3.9 months, 28.6%) were all significant lower than patients with over-expression TTF-1 and low-expression of TS (81.13%, 7.4 months, 69.8%) (P < 0.05). Conclu-sions: The expression of TTF-1 and TS is associated with chemotherapy effect of pemetrexed in ad-vanced lung adenocarcinoma and can be used to detect the sensitivity.
目的：探讨晚期肺腺癌中TTF-1和TS的表达与培美曲塞化疗疗效的关系。方法：回顾性分析80例接受培美曲塞化疗的晚期肺腺癌患者的临床病理资料。免疫组织化学法检测肿瘤标本TTF-1和TS蛋白的表达，并对疗效进行分析。结果：TTF-1阳性表达率为71.25% (57/80)，TS阳性表达率为22.50% (18/80)。TTF-1和TS在肺癌中的表达呈负相关性(r = −0.356，P = 0.002)。化疗有效率(CR + PR)为46.25%，TTF-1(+)患者有效率(64.91%)显著高于TTF-1(−)患者(39.13%)，差异有显著性(P < 0.05)。TS(+)患者有效率(27.78%)显著低于TS(−)患者51.61%，差异有显著性(P < 0.05)。联合检测显示：TTF-1(−)且TS(+)组有效率为28.57%，中位无疾病进展时间为3.9个月，1年生存率为28.6%，TTF-1(+)且TS(−)组有效率为81.13%，中位无疾病进展时间为7.4个月，1年生存率为69.8%，差异均有显著性(P < 0.05)。结论: 联合检测TTF-1和TS的表达可作为培美曲塞化疗方案治疗晚期肺腺癌的疗效预测指标之一。 Objective: To investigate the relationship between expression of TTF-1, TS and chemotherapy effect of pemetrexed in advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: Eighty patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma treating by pemetrexed were enrolled in this study and their tumor samples were collected retrospectively for analysis. The expression of TTF-1, TS protein in tumor samples was de-tected by the immunohistochemical method. The data of therapeutical effect and toxicity were col-lected and analyzed. Results: The TTF-1 positive staining accounted for 71.25% (57/80). The TS positive staining accounted for 22.50% (18/80). TTF-1 and TS expression in lung cancer tissues had negative correlation (r = −0.356, P = 0.002). The response rate (CR + PR) was 46.25%. The efficiency of patients with over-expression of TTF-1 (64.91%) was significant higher than patients with low-expression of TTF-1 (39.13%) (P < 0.05). The efficiency of patients with over-expression of TS (27.78%) was significant lower than patients with low-expression of TS (51.61%) (P < 0.05). The ef-ficiency, median progress time and 1-survival rate of patients with over-expression TS and low-expression of TTF-1 (28.57%, 3.9 months, 28.6%) were all significant lower than patients with over-expression TTF-1 and low-expression of TS (81.13%, 7.4 months, 69.8%) (P < 0.05). Conclu-sions: The expression of TTF-1 and TS is associated with chemotherapy effect of pemetrexed in ad-vanced lung adenocarcinoma and can be used to detect the sensitivity.
{"title":"TTF-1及TS在肺腺癌中的表达及与培美曲塞化疗疗效相关性分析 Relationship between Expression of TTF-1, TS and Chemotherapy Effect of Pemetrexed in Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma","authors":"朱林佳, 上官宗校, 慈晓, 原少斐, 赵仁国","doi":"10.12677/WJCR.2018.81004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/WJCR.2018.81004","url":null,"abstract":"目的：探讨晚期肺腺癌中TTF-1和TS的表达与培美曲塞化疗疗效的关系。方法：回顾性分析80例接受培美曲塞化疗的晚期肺腺癌患者的临床病理资料。免疫组织化学法检测肿瘤标本TTF-1和TS蛋白的表达，并对疗效进行分析。结果：TTF-1阳性表达率为71.25% (57/80)，TS阳性表达率为22.50% (18/80)。TTF-1和TS在肺癌中的表达呈负相关性(r = −0.356，P = 0.002)。化疗有效率(CR + PR)为46.25%，TTF-1(+)患者有效率(64.91%)显著高于TTF-1(−)患者(39.13%)，差异有显著性(P < 0.05)。TS(+)患者有效率(27.78%)显著低于TS(−)患者51.61%，差异有显著性(P < 0.05)。联合检测显示：TTF-1(−)且TS(+)组有效率为28.57%，中位无疾病进展时间为3.9个月，1年生存率为28.6%，TTF-1(+)且TS(−)组有效率为81.13%，中位无疾病进展时间为7.4个月，1年生存率为69.8%，差异均有显著性(P < 0.05)。结论: 联合检测TTF-1和TS的表达可作为培美曲塞化疗方案治疗晚期肺腺癌的疗效预测指标之一。 Objective: To investigate the relationship between expression of TTF-1, TS and chemotherapy effect of pemetrexed in advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: Eighty patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma treating by pemetrexed were enrolled in this study and their tumor samples were collected retrospectively for analysis. The expression of TTF-1, TS protein in tumor samples was de-tected by the immunohistochemical method. The data of therapeutical effect and toxicity were col-lected and analyzed. Results: The TTF-1 positive staining accounted for 71.25% (57/80). The TS positive staining accounted for 22.50% (18/80). TTF-1 and TS expression in lung cancer tissues had negative correlation (r = −0.356, P = 0.002). The response rate (CR + PR) was 46.25%. The efficiency of patients with over-expression of TTF-1 (64.91%) was significant higher than patients with low-expression of TTF-1 (39.13%) (P < 0.05). The efficiency of patients with over-expression of TS (27.78%) was significant lower than patients with low-expression of TS (51.61%) (P < 0.05). The ef-ficiency, median progress time and 1-survival rate of patients with over-expression TS and low-expression of TTF-1 (28.57%, 3.9 months, 28.6%) were all significant lower than patients with over-expression TTF-1 and low-expression of TS (81.13%, 7.4 months, 69.8%) (P < 0.05). Conclu-sions: The expression of TTF-1 and TS is associated with chemotherapy effect of pemetrexed in ad-vanced lung adenocarcinoma and can be used to detect the sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":22619,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Cancer Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"18-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81982126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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