Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714597
M. Ameen, T. Prakash, R. Chaudhary
This paper explains the design of a wideband and circularly polarized (CP) eight-element octagonal-shaped Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna for C-band applications. The antenna provides higher gain due to stacking of multiple antenna layers. The CP radiation and in-band radar cross section (RCS) reduction is obtained due to the loading of perfect electric conductor (PEC) reflector and metasurface (MS) based polarization converter. The intended eight-port MIMO antenna consists of five layers; the layer-1 is the polarization converter MS, the layer-2 consists of Teflon substrate, layer-3 consists of an eightelement co-planar waveguide feeding structure, layer-4 is an air dielectric layer and layer-5 consists a PEC metal reflector. The antenna provides a wider impedance bandwidth of (3.86-7.72) 66.6% and axial ratio bandwidth of(4.31–4.63 GHz) 7.15%, isolation better than $15mathrm{~dB}$, maximum gain of 9.18 dBi at 5.2 GHz, efficiency better than 78%, in-band minimum RCS of $37.5mathrm{~dB}$, and ECC less than 0.07. Hence the proposed eight-port MIMO antenna is useful for C-band applications.
{"title":"Eight-port Octagonal-shaped Metasurface-based MIMO Antenna with Radar Cross Section Reduction","authors":"M. Ameen, T. Prakash, R. Chaudhary","doi":"10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714597","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explains the design of a wideband and circularly polarized (CP) eight-element octagonal-shaped Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna for C-band applications. The antenna provides higher gain due to stacking of multiple antenna layers. The CP radiation and in-band radar cross section (RCS) reduction is obtained due to the loading of perfect electric conductor (PEC) reflector and metasurface (MS) based polarization converter. The intended eight-port MIMO antenna consists of five layers; the layer-1 is the polarization converter MS, the layer-2 consists of Teflon substrate, layer-3 consists of an eightelement co-planar waveguide feeding structure, layer-4 is an air dielectric layer and layer-5 consists a PEC metal reflector. The antenna provides a wider impedance bandwidth of (3.86-7.72) 66.6% and axial ratio bandwidth of(4.31–4.63 GHz) 7.15%, isolation better than $15mathrm{~dB}$, maximum gain of 9.18 dBi at 5.2 GHz, efficiency better than 78%, in-band minimum RCS of $37.5mathrm{~dB}$, and ECC less than 0.07. Hence the proposed eight-port MIMO antenna is useful for C-band applications.","PeriodicalId":226787,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMARC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115311742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714678
S. Kalraiya, Archana Kumari, R. Chaudhary
In this, a wideband metamaterial absorber for Sand C-band application has been designed. The proposed absorber consists of lumped resistors loaded on Jerusalem cross shaped structure on the upper side of the metal film, which is separated by air spacer on the opposite side of substrate. The complete thickness of the designed absorber is $0.07lambda_{0}$, where $lambda_{0}$ is the lowest absorption frequency. Simulated results exhibited greater than 90% absorptivity in the frequency band from 1.95 - 5.73 GHz with an absorption bandwidth of 98%. The wideband absorption mechanism of the absorber analysed through the e characteristics.
{"title":"Polarization Insensitive Wideband Absorber for S- and C-band Application","authors":"S. Kalraiya, Archana Kumari, R. Chaudhary","doi":"10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714678","url":null,"abstract":"In this, a wideband metamaterial absorber for Sand C-band application has been designed. The proposed absorber consists of lumped resistors loaded on Jerusalem cross shaped structure on the upper side of the metal film, which is separated by air spacer on the opposite side of substrate. The complete thickness of the designed absorber is $0.07lambda_{0}$, where $lambda_{0}$ is the lowest absorption frequency. Simulated results exhibited greater than 90% absorptivity in the frequency band from 1.95 - 5.73 GHz with an absorption bandwidth of 98%. The wideband absorption mechanism of the absorber analysed through the e characteristics.","PeriodicalId":226787,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMARC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114783660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714692
G. Monti, R. Schiavoni, E. De Benedetto, A. Cataldo, L. Tarricone
This paper investigates a low-cost setup for skin sensing. The proposed system consists of a single port compact sensor in direct contact with the skin and a nano vector network analyzer. It is demonstrated that the properties of the skin, such as its level of hydration, can be related to the reflection coefficient of the sensor.
{"title":"Low-cost System for Skin Sensing","authors":"G. Monti, R. Schiavoni, E. De Benedetto, A. Cataldo, L. Tarricone","doi":"10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714692","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates a low-cost setup for skin sensing. The proposed system consists of a single port compact sensor in direct contact with the skin and a nano vector network analyzer. It is demonstrated that the properties of the skin, such as its level of hydration, can be related to the reflection coefficient of the sensor.","PeriodicalId":226787,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMARC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126338493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714698
Y. Qaragoez, S. Pollin, D. Schreurs
This paper presents a novel architecture for low power IoT sensor nodes, integrating backscattering and energy harvesting circuits. The proposed circuit employs a bandpass filter (BPF) integrated with an efficient wide-band rectifier and a variable impedance to create two distinct and nearby frequency bands for energy harvesting (fEH) and backscattering (fBS). For a two-tone incident signal with a total peak power of -7 dBm, -16.7 dBm power is backscattered while 56.45 μW power is harvested. Backscattering achieves 10.1 dB dynamic range with 8% reduction in the efficiency of the energy harvester. Integrated backscattering and harvesting circuit (IBHC) achieves 45% peak power conversion efficiency (PCE) at -10 dBm and 10 MHz minimum frequency spacing between the two bands.
{"title":"A Low Power Backscattering Architecture for Batteryless Sensor Nodes","authors":"Y. Qaragoez, S. Pollin, D. Schreurs","doi":"10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714698","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel architecture for low power IoT sensor nodes, integrating backscattering and energy harvesting circuits. The proposed circuit employs a bandpass filter (BPF) integrated with an efficient wide-band rectifier and a variable impedance to create two distinct and nearby frequency bands for energy harvesting (fEH) and backscattering (fBS). For a two-tone incident signal with a total peak power of -7 dBm, -16.7 dBm power is backscattered while 56.45 μW power is harvested. Backscattering achieves 10.1 dB dynamic range with 8% reduction in the efficiency of the energy harvester. Integrated backscattering and harvesting circuit (IBHC) achieves 45% peak power conversion efficiency (PCE) at -10 dBm and 10 MHz minimum frequency spacing between the two bands.","PeriodicalId":226787,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMARC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133925829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714693
Priyansha Kaurav, S. Koul, A. Basu
Terahertz imaging (THz) has become popular for determining the tumor margin during breast conserving procedures. Electro-optical setups for THz measurements are able to penetrate tissue a few microns below the surface. We present the design of a low-cost, easy-to-fabricate, sub-terahertz waveguide iris probe for tumor margin assessment. The proposed device can detect different types of breast tissue, including fat, fibrous, and tumorous tissue. The probe works in the 110-170 GHz range and can detect positive and negative margins to a depth of 1 mm below healthy tissue. With HFSS, electromagnetic wave numerical simulations have been conducted to verify probe design.
{"title":"Design of Sub-Terahertz Waveguide Iris Probe for Breast Cancer Tumor Margin Assessment","authors":"Priyansha Kaurav, S. Koul, A. Basu","doi":"10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714693","url":null,"abstract":"Terahertz imaging (THz) has become popular for determining the tumor margin during breast conserving procedures. Electro-optical setups for THz measurements are able to penetrate tissue a few microns below the surface. We present the design of a low-cost, easy-to-fabricate, sub-terahertz waveguide iris probe for tumor margin assessment. The proposed device can detect different types of breast tissue, including fat, fibrous, and tumorous tissue. The probe works in the 110-170 GHz range and can detect positive and negative margins to a depth of 1 mm below healthy tissue. With HFSS, electromagnetic wave numerical simulations have been conducted to verify probe design.","PeriodicalId":226787,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMARC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133020041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714594
Ashish Meena, K. S. Beenamole
This paper presents the design and development of a wideband power divider utilising multistage quarter wave transformers. The power divider has been designed and realised over a frequency bandwidth of 2-6GHz using Rogers RT Duroid 5880, 10 mil Substrate. Simulation performed using CST Microwave Studio and measured results ensures good performance of the circuit. Both the simulated and the measured results are presented. The circuit gives low insertion loss, ∼1.5dB within a compact size of 80mm x 20mm. The return loss of all the ports and the isolation between the output ports are better than -15 dB across the band 2GHz to 6 GHz.
{"title":"Compact Wideband Power Divider for Shared Aperture Phased Array Applications","authors":"Ashish Meena, K. S. Beenamole","doi":"10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714594","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design and development of a wideband power divider utilising multistage quarter wave transformers. The power divider has been designed and realised over a frequency bandwidth of 2-6GHz using Rogers RT Duroid 5880, 10 mil Substrate. Simulation performed using CST Microwave Studio and measured results ensures good performance of the circuit. Both the simulated and the measured results are presented. The circuit gives low insertion loss, ∼1.5dB within a compact size of 80mm x 20mm. The return loss of all the ports and the isolation between the output ports are better than -15 dB across the band 2GHz to 6 GHz.","PeriodicalId":226787,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMARC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127051847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714648
Neha Bajpai, Y. Chauhan
We present a new approach to design a singlestage broadband power amplifier (PA) monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC). The PA MMIC fabricated in $0.25mumathrm{m}$ GaAs pHEMT process has an integrated Electro-Static-Discharge (ESD) limiter, which can tolerate up to $350mathrm{~V}$ Human Body Model without failure. The conventional broadband impedance matching network (BIMN) for PAs has the very well-known limitation of opposite impedance rotation. Here, we propose a new approach to reduce the problem of frequency-dependent behavior of broadband PA. The input and output BIMNs are based on a microwave band-pass filter technique using distributed elements.
{"title":"A Broadband Power Amplifier MMIC to Compensate the Frequency Dependent Behaviour","authors":"Neha Bajpai, Y. Chauhan","doi":"10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714648","url":null,"abstract":"We present a new approach to design a singlestage broadband power amplifier (PA) monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC). The PA MMIC fabricated in $0.25mumathrm{m}$ GaAs pHEMT process has an integrated Electro-Static-Discharge (ESD) limiter, which can tolerate up to $350mathrm{~V}$ Human Body Model without failure. The conventional broadband impedance matching network (BIMN) for PAs has the very well-known limitation of opposite impedance rotation. Here, we propose a new approach to reduce the problem of frequency-dependent behavior of broadband PA. The input and output BIMNs are based on a microwave band-pass filter technique using distributed elements.","PeriodicalId":226787,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMARC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114650055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714694
S. Dondapati, G. Ram, A. Gande, Prantik Dutta
The circuital design of electronic switch to provide supply to an antenna for time-modulation is presented in this work. The designed circuitry is validated by measuring voltage, current, and power levels during ON and off state employing AWR. Working of the circuit in AWR is tested for various RF power input levels during ON and OFF instants. The designed high speed switch is employed on two-element Time-Modulated Antenna Array (TMAA) forms sum-difference patterns in fundamental and first harmonic frequencies respectively. The radiation power beams measured by employing proposed switching circuitry are validated with the beams measured from MATLAB.
{"title":"Circuital Design and validation of Switching circuit for Time-Modulated Antenna Array","authors":"S. Dondapati, G. Ram, A. Gande, Prantik Dutta","doi":"10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714694","url":null,"abstract":"The circuital design of electronic switch to provide supply to an antenna for time-modulation is presented in this work. The designed circuitry is validated by measuring voltage, current, and power levels during ON and off state employing AWR. Working of the circuit in AWR is tested for various RF power input levels during ON and OFF instants. The designed high speed switch is employed on two-element Time-Modulated Antenna Array (TMAA) forms sum-difference patterns in fundamental and first harmonic frequencies respectively. The radiation power beams measured by employing proposed switching circuitry are validated with the beams measured from MATLAB.","PeriodicalId":226787,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMARC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116297456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714524
Sandhya Chandravanshi, Ecit Cwi, N. Buchanan, M. J. Akhtar
several rectifiers using different diodes are presented in this work. The rectifiers are designed and tested for high power input RF conditions. The tested circuits are designed for 2.45 GHz of operating frequency, and implemented with radial stubs to obtain optimum matching conditions. The class- F design methodology is used here in order to suppress higher order harmonics. The results confirm that the rectifiers are efficiently converting the RF power in to usable dc power for a range of RF power values. Note that there are very few studies in the literature comparing currently available off the shelf diodes for RF rectification applications, making this paper a valuable design tool for efficient far field wireless power transfer systems.
{"title":"Implementation of Rectifier Circuits using Different Diodes for Wireless Power Transfer","authors":"Sandhya Chandravanshi, Ecit Cwi, N. Buchanan, M. J. Akhtar","doi":"10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714524","url":null,"abstract":"several rectifiers using different diodes are presented in this work. The rectifiers are designed and tested for high power input RF conditions. The tested circuits are designed for 2.45 GHz of operating frequency, and implemented with radial stubs to obtain optimum matching conditions. The class- F design methodology is used here in order to suppress higher order harmonics. The results confirm that the rectifiers are efficiently converting the RF power in to usable dc power for a range of RF power values. Note that there are very few studies in the literature comparing currently available off the shelf diodes for RF rectification applications, making this paper a valuable design tool for efficient far field wireless power transfer systems.","PeriodicalId":226787,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMARC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123433105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714619
Soumen Pandit, A. Mohan, J. Mukherjee
This paper presents a wideband low-profile flexible microwave absorber for military applications following stealth technology. The absorber is designed on low-cost flexible composite substrate of Kapton and Neoprene Rubber with a total thickness of $0.045 lambda_{0}$ at the lowest absorption frequency, i.e., 1.5 GHz. The 80 % absorption fractional bandwidth is 126 %, i.e., 1.5-6.6 GHz for all polarizationangles and a wide range of incident angles. The monostatic RCS reduction to the proposed absorber is 18 dB compared to that of a same-sized metal sheet at around the frequency of 5 GHz.
{"title":"Low-Profile Flexible Wideband Microwave Absorber With Resistive Ink","authors":"Soumen Pandit, A. Mohan, J. Mukherjee","doi":"10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/imarc49196.2021.9714619","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a wideband low-profile flexible microwave absorber for military applications following stealth technology. The absorber is designed on low-cost flexible composite substrate of Kapton and Neoprene Rubber with a total thickness of $0.045 lambda_{0}$ at the lowest absorption frequency, i.e., 1.5 GHz. The 80 % absorption fractional bandwidth is 126 %, i.e., 1.5-6.6 GHz for all polarizationangles and a wide range of incident angles. The monostatic RCS reduction to the proposed absorber is 18 dB compared to that of a same-sized metal sheet at around the frequency of 5 GHz.","PeriodicalId":226787,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMARC)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125068510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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