Pub Date : 2023-07-07DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-132-138
A. Novikova, D. Kokorev, D. Y. Konstantinov, L. L. Popova
Aim – to evaluate the effect of direct antiviral drugs (sofosbuvir and velpatasvir) on the formation of the metabolic syndrome in patients with chronic hepatitis C with a high risk of its development 2 years after treatment.Materials and methods. 112 patients with HCV (n=112) were examined, in whom the risk of developing the metabolic syndrome was determined using a specially developed method. In 58 patients, a high risk of developing metabolic syndrome was identified. This cohort of patients was divided into two groups: group 1 (n=26) who took sofosbuvir and velpatasvir and group 2 (n=32) who did not take AVT. Patients were periodically examined and observed for 2 years. At the final stage of observation, a comparative analysis of laboratory and instrumental data was carried out in patients in two comparison groups.Results. At the start of AVT, HCV patients with a high risk of developing metabolic syndrome were found to be over-weight, moderately pronounced stage of liver fibrosis (F2 according to METAVIR), high viral load, increased transaminases, total low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherogenic coefficient, insulin, glucose. Two years after the etiotropic therapy in HCV patients with a high risk of developing the metabolic syndrome, normalization of blood lipid metabolism, glucose, insulin levels and a decrease in the concentration of total thyroxine were registered.Conclusion. Etiotropic therapy with direct antiviral drugs in patients with chronic hepatitis C reduces the relative risk of developing the metabolic syndrome by 6,3 times.
{"title":"Effects of antiviral therapy on reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome in patients with chronic hepatitis C","authors":"A. Novikova, D. Kokorev, D. Y. Konstantinov, L. L. Popova","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-132-138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-132-138","url":null,"abstract":"Aim – to evaluate the effect of direct antiviral drugs (sofosbuvir and velpatasvir) on the formation of the metabolic syndrome in patients with chronic hepatitis C with a high risk of its development 2 years after treatment.Materials and methods. 112 patients with HCV (n=112) were examined, in whom the risk of developing the metabolic syndrome was determined using a specially developed method. In 58 patients, a high risk of developing metabolic syndrome was identified. This cohort of patients was divided into two groups: group 1 (n=26) who took sofosbuvir and velpatasvir and group 2 (n=32) who did not take AVT. Patients were periodically examined and observed for 2 years. At the final stage of observation, a comparative analysis of laboratory and instrumental data was carried out in patients in two comparison groups.Results. At the start of AVT, HCV patients with a high risk of developing metabolic syndrome were found to be over-weight, moderately pronounced stage of liver fibrosis (F2 according to METAVIR), high viral load, increased transaminases, total low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherogenic coefficient, insulin, glucose. Two years after the etiotropic therapy in HCV patients with a high risk of developing the metabolic syndrome, normalization of blood lipid metabolism, glucose, insulin levels and a decrease in the concentration of total thyroxine were registered.Conclusion. Etiotropic therapy with direct antiviral drugs in patients with chronic hepatitis C reduces the relative risk of developing the metabolic syndrome by 6,3 times.","PeriodicalId":226950,"journal":{"name":"Journal Infectology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127879859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-07DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-93-104
E. Krieger, O. Samodova, I. V. Schepina, L. Shagrov, Yulia M. Zvezdina
Aim: to assess the dynamic changes of humoral immune responses against the S-protein of SARS-CoV-2 and vitamin D level in healthcare workers providing care to COVID-19 patients.Methods. Repeated cross-sectional studies were conducted with an interval of 6 months (May-December 2021) including 170 healthcare workers of infectious settings. An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used for the quantitative detection of immunoglobulins G to SARS-CoV-2 and the vitamin D level in the blood serum.Results. In 1.5 years after the start of the pandemic, 91.2% healthcare workers were seropositive to SARS-Co-V-2. In December 2021, this proportion became 98.8%, and the percentage of individuals with high antibodies level (>150 BAU / ml) raised from 49.4% to 77%. Increase in antibodies level induced by vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 was significantly higher in those who have had prior COVID-19 (1031 BAU/мл) compared to those previously vaccinated (367 BAU/ml). The vitamin D level was lower than reference values in 71.2% of health workers and did not correlate with the concentration of antibodies to SARS-Co-V-2.Conclusion. SARS-Co-V-2 seroprevalence among healthcare workers reached almost 100% by the end of the second year of the pandemic. A greater increase in antibodies level after vaccination was observed in healthcare workers previously infected with SARS-Co-V-2 due to formation of hybrid immunity. We did not reveal the association between the vitamin D level and the humoral immune response to SARS-Co-V-2.
目的:了解医护人员对SARS-CoV-2 s蛋白的体液免疫反应及维生素D水平的动态变化。进行了间隔6个月(2021年5月至12月)的重复横断面研究，包括170名感染环境的卫生保健工作者。采用酶联免疫吸附法定量检测血清中抗SARS-CoV-2免疫球蛋白G和维生素D水平。在大流行开始后的1.5年里，91.2%的卫生保健工作者对SARS-Co-V-2血清呈阳性。2021年12月，这一比例为98.8%，抗体水平高(>150 BAU / ml)的个体比例从49.4%上升到77%。与先前接种过疫苗的人(367 BAU/ml)相比，先前接种过COVID-19疫苗的人(1031 BAU/мл)接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗诱导的抗体水平升高明显更高。71.2%的卫生工作者维生素D水平低于参考值，且与sars - co - v抗体浓度无相关性。到大流行第二年结束时，卫生保健工作者的SARS-Co-V-2血清阳性率几乎达到100%。在以前感染过SARS-Co-V-2的卫生保健工作者中，由于形成混合免疫，在接种疫苗后抗体水平增加更大。我们没有揭示维生素D水平与对SARS-Co-V-2的体液免疫反应之间的关联。
{"title":"Humoral immunity to new coronavirus infection and vitamin D level in healthcare workers","authors":"E. Krieger, O. Samodova, I. V. Schepina, L. Shagrov, Yulia M. Zvezdina","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-93-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-93-104","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to assess the dynamic changes of humoral immune responses against the S-protein of SARS-CoV-2 and vitamin D level in healthcare workers providing care to COVID-19 patients.Methods. Repeated cross-sectional studies were conducted with an interval of 6 months (May-December 2021) including 170 healthcare workers of infectious settings. An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used for the quantitative detection of immunoglobulins G to SARS-CoV-2 and the vitamin D level in the blood serum.Results. In 1.5 years after the start of the pandemic, 91.2% healthcare workers were seropositive to SARS-Co-V-2. In December 2021, this proportion became 98.8%, and the percentage of individuals with high antibodies level (>150 BAU / ml) raised from 49.4% to 77%. Increase in antibodies level induced by vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 was significantly higher in those who have had prior COVID-19 (1031 BAU/мл) compared to those previously vaccinated (367 BAU/ml). The vitamin D level was lower than reference values in 71.2% of health workers and did not correlate with the concentration of antibodies to SARS-Co-V-2.Conclusion. SARS-Co-V-2 seroprevalence among healthcare workers reached almost 100% by the end of the second year of the pandemic. A greater increase in antibodies level after vaccination was observed in healthcare workers previously infected with SARS-Co-V-2 due to formation of hybrid immunity. We did not reveal the association between the vitamin D level and the humoral immune response to SARS-Co-V-2.","PeriodicalId":226950,"journal":{"name":"Journal Infectology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123357689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-07DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-165-166
V. Zinserling, Yu. V. Sukhanova, D. Gusev
We present a brief description of lethal case of meningococcal infection in 41 y old women, diagnosed by detection of Neisseria meningitidis in blood and results of histobacterioscopic study with the absence of rash and prominent mononuclear (non purulent) infiltration of soft meninges.
{"title":"Unusual course of meningococcal infection with lethal outcome (brief communication)","authors":"V. Zinserling, Yu. V. Sukhanova, D. Gusev","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-165-166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-165-166","url":null,"abstract":"We present a brief description of lethal case of meningococcal infection in 41 y old women, diagnosed by detection of Neisseria meningitidis in blood and results of histobacterioscopic study with the absence of rash and prominent mononuclear (non purulent) infiltration of soft meninges.","PeriodicalId":226950,"journal":{"name":"Journal Infectology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116290458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-07DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-162-165
E. Venev, D. Lioznov, A. Komissarov, A. Fadeev, K. S. Komissarova, N. Yolshin, D. Gusev
The first Russian clinical case of monkeypox in combination with herpes simplex type 1 infection in a 29-year-old man who returned from Portugal is described. The protocols for sequencing the virus genome are presented. Particular attention is paid to the difficulty of diagnosing vesicular rash in patients with a suspicious history.
{"title":"A case of co-infection of monkeypox and herpes simplex virus type 1","authors":"E. Venev, D. Lioznov, A. Komissarov, A. Fadeev, K. S. Komissarova, N. Yolshin, D. Gusev","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-162-165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-162-165","url":null,"abstract":"The first Russian clinical case of monkeypox in combination with herpes simplex type 1 infection in a 29-year-old man who returned from Portugal is described. The protocols for sequencing the virus genome are presented. Particular attention is paid to the difficulty of diagnosing vesicular rash in patients with a suspicious history.","PeriodicalId":226950,"journal":{"name":"Journal Infectology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121103745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-07DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-105-113
L. A. Alekseeva, N. Skripchenko, T. V. Bessonova, E. Gorelik, E. Skripchenko, A. Zhirkov, G. F. Zheleznikova, N. E. Monakhova
Objective – to study the dynamics of the level of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100 protein in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid in children with various features of viral encephalitis course and outcome and to define their role in diagnostics and prognosis.Material and methods. 48 children aged from 1 month to 15 years were examined. Analysis of the level of NSE and S-100 protein was performed by the method of hardphase immune-enzyme analysis.Results. A reliable increase of the level of S-100 protein in blood serum was identified in comparison with the control group in both acute and reconvalescence periods. During acute period higher values of NSE in blood serum were found in children with herpesvirus encephalitis of various etiologies in comparison with varicella zoster encephalitis, and during reconvalescence period – higher values of S-100 protein. In case of the most severe course of the disease the level of NSE in cerebrospinal fluid was reliably higher in comparison with patients in severe condition. Children with convulsive syndrome demonstrated higher concentration of NSE in cerebrospinal fluid than patients without convulsions. In case of formation of stable neurologic deficiency during the disease outcome there was identified an increase of NSE concentration in blood serum in comparison with the recovered patients. It was also identified that if the values of NSE were >7.0 ng/ml, it was possible to predict unfavourable outcome of viral encephalitis with sensitivity of 61.54% and specificity of 71.43%. The highest values of neuron-specific proteins in blood serum were found in the dead patient with herpes encephalitis.Conclusion. Analysis of NSE and S-100 protein in pediatric viral encephalitis is characterized by diagnostic and prognostic significance, demonstrates their role in pathogenesis and can be used for therapy correction.
{"title":"Diagnostic and prognostic value of neuron-specific enolase and S-100 protein in pediatric viral encephalitis","authors":"L. A. Alekseeva, N. Skripchenko, T. V. Bessonova, E. Gorelik, E. Skripchenko, A. Zhirkov, G. F. Zheleznikova, N. E. Monakhova","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-105-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-105-113","url":null,"abstract":"Objective – to study the dynamics of the level of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100 protein in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid in children with various features of viral encephalitis course and outcome and to define their role in diagnostics and prognosis.Material and methods. 48 children aged from 1 month to 15 years were examined. Analysis of the level of NSE and S-100 protein was performed by the method of hardphase immune-enzyme analysis.Results. A reliable increase of the level of S-100 protein in blood serum was identified in comparison with the control group in both acute and reconvalescence periods. During acute period higher values of NSE in blood serum were found in children with herpesvirus encephalitis of various etiologies in comparison with varicella zoster encephalitis, and during reconvalescence period – higher values of S-100 protein. In case of the most severe course of the disease the level of NSE in cerebrospinal fluid was reliably higher in comparison with patients in severe condition. Children with convulsive syndrome demonstrated higher concentration of NSE in cerebrospinal fluid than patients without convulsions. In case of formation of stable neurologic deficiency during the disease outcome there was identified an increase of NSE concentration in blood serum in comparison with the recovered patients. It was also identified that if the values of NSE were >7.0 ng/ml, it was possible to predict unfavourable outcome of viral encephalitis with sensitivity of 61.54% and specificity of 71.43%. The highest values of neuron-specific proteins in blood serum were found in the dead patient with herpes encephalitis.Conclusion. Analysis of NSE and S-100 protein in pediatric viral encephalitis is characterized by diagnostic and prognostic significance, demonstrates their role in pathogenesis and can be used for therapy correction.","PeriodicalId":226950,"journal":{"name":"Journal Infectology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122281013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-07DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-84-92
E. Orlova, I. Babachenko, N. Tian, E. Kozyrev, L. A. Alekseeva
Purpose: to give a comparative characteristic of the clinical and laboratory manifestations of viral lower respiratory tract infections of various etiologies.Object and methods: Medical information of 385 patients, who were hospitalized in the clinic of Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases in the period from 2016 to 2022, was retrospectively analyzed. Inclusion criteria: age from 1 month to 17 years; infectious diseases of the lower respiratory tract; extraction of respiratory viral nucleic acids in nasopharyngeal swabs by polymerase chain reaction. Upon admission, all children underwent: a physical examination, an examination by an otorhinolaryngologist, a complete blood test with a leucogram, determination of the level of C-reactive protein, and, if it necessary, a chest X-ray in two projections.Results: Respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus dominated in the etiological structure of lower respiratory tract infection. Differences in the duration and severity of fever and manifestations of catarrhal syndrome in respiratory viral infections of various etiologies were established. Boca-virus and rhinovirus infections often caused severe damage of the lower respiratory tract with acute respiratory failure. Viral lower respiratory tract infections have such changes in the leucogram as an increase in neutrophils and band cells, which persist for 4-5 days of the disease. The severity of inflammatory changes in the haemogram depends on the etiology of the disease. The most significant changes, such as leukocytosis and an increase in the absolute count of neutrophils, were detected in adenovirus and rhinovirus infections.Conclusion: There were age and clinical features of viral lower respiratory tract infections in children. Prolonged fever and identified inflammatory changes in the hemogram, often in combination with an increase in the level of C-reactive protein, in children with viral lesions of the lower respiratory tract explain the frequency of prescribing antibacterial drugs at any stage of medical care. To select the optimal therapy tactics, it is necessary to take into account the clinical and laboratory features of respiratory viral infections in patients with diseases of the lower respiratory tract.
{"title":"Clinical and laboratory features of viral lower respiratory tract infections in children","authors":"E. Orlova, I. Babachenko, N. Tian, E. Kozyrev, L. A. Alekseeva","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-84-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-84-92","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to give a comparative characteristic of the clinical and laboratory manifestations of viral lower respiratory tract infections of various etiologies.Object and methods: Medical information of 385 patients, who were hospitalized in the clinic of Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases in the period from 2016 to 2022, was retrospectively analyzed. Inclusion criteria: age from 1 month to 17 years; infectious diseases of the lower respiratory tract; extraction of respiratory viral nucleic acids in nasopharyngeal swabs by polymerase chain reaction. Upon admission, all children underwent: a physical examination, an examination by an otorhinolaryngologist, a complete blood test with a leucogram, determination of the level of C-reactive protein, and, if it necessary, a chest X-ray in two projections.Results: Respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus dominated in the etiological structure of lower respiratory tract infection. Differences in the duration and severity of fever and manifestations of catarrhal syndrome in respiratory viral infections of various etiologies were established. Boca-virus and rhinovirus infections often caused severe damage of the lower respiratory tract with acute respiratory failure. Viral lower respiratory tract infections have such changes in the leucogram as an increase in neutrophils and band cells, which persist for 4-5 days of the disease. The severity of inflammatory changes in the haemogram depends on the etiology of the disease. The most significant changes, such as leukocytosis and an increase in the absolute count of neutrophils, were detected in adenovirus and rhinovirus infections.Conclusion: There were age and clinical features of viral lower respiratory tract infections in children. Prolonged fever and identified inflammatory changes in the hemogram, often in combination with an increase in the level of C-reactive protein, in children with viral lesions of the lower respiratory tract explain the frequency of prescribing antibacterial drugs at any stage of medical care. To select the optimal therapy tactics, it is necessary to take into account the clinical and laboratory features of respiratory viral infections in patients with diseases of the lower respiratory tract.","PeriodicalId":226950,"journal":{"name":"Journal Infectology","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123126744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-47-59
О. Sagalova, V. S. Adonieva, S. V. Zotov, D. Gusev, E. Strebkova, R. B. Galbraikh, V. Morozov, I. M. Khayertynova, I. V. Krasilnikova, I. V. Sannikova, A. Bhagat, D. O. Milenin, A. P. Efremova
Background: Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) is the first pangenotypic ribavirin-free regimen allowing for treatment duration as short as 8 weeks for the majority of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) genotypes (GT) 1 to 6. The results of clinical trials showed good tolerability of GLE/PIB and high virologic response rate (mostly >95%) among different patient populations. The main objective of this study was to determine how the efficacy and safety of GLE/PIB translates into real-world clinical settings in Russia.Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter observational study in patients with CHC who received the GLE/PIB regimen. The treatment regimen was prescribed by a physician in accordance with all applicable requirements before the enrollment in the study. Patients were observed for the duration of GLE/PIB therapy and at least for up to 12 weeks after the treatment completion. Real-world data were collected in patient records. Follow-up visits, procedures, and diagnostic methods followed physicians’ routine clinical practice.Results: Overall 161 patients were enrolled in the study in 11 study sites of them 128 patients had sufficient follow-up data to assess sustained virological response 12 weeks [i.e. ≥70 days] after the end of treatment with GLE/PIB (SVR12). Overall, 127 out of 128 patients (99.2%) achieved SVR12. Depending on treatment duration the following SVR12 rates were achieved: 98.7% in 8-week group (75/76), 100% in 12-week group (49/49) and 100% in 16-week group (3/3). One patient failed to achieve SVR, the exact reasons of failure couldn’t be established by the Investigator.Since only one patient didn’t achieve primary endpoint the following SVR12 rates were achieved in different subpopulations: 91.7% in patients with GT2 (11/12); 98.9% in non-cirrhotic patients (88/89); 99.1% in treatment-naïve patients (113/114); 99.1% in patients without HIV co-infection (116/117); 99.2% in patients younger than 65 years (120/121).On the other hand, SVR12 was achieved by all patients (100%) in the following subpopulations: patients with GT3 (n=76), GT1a (n=5), GT1b (n=29) and other GTs (n=6); cirrhotic patients (n=36) and those with unknown cirrhosis status (n=3); treatment-experienced patients (n=14); HIV/HCV co-infected patients (n=11); patients older than 65 years (n=7); and drug users (n=10).No clinically significant abnormalities in the key laboratory parameters were noted during the study. On contrary, the overall improvement of the liver enzymes was observed at SVR12 Visit. There were 3 patients with 3 adverse events (AEs): 2 cases were mild (cough and rash), and 1 case was severe and evaluated as a serious AE (hepatic decompensation). Hepatic decompensation led to the patient withdrawal from the study; this serious AE was preceded by 2 months of daily alcohol consumption and in the investigator’s opinion was not related to GLE/PIB intake. Of all AEs only rash was related to GLE/PIB administration according to in
{"title":"Effectiveness of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in Patients with Chronic HCV-infection Genotypes 1 to 6 in the real-world settings in Russia (EVEREST study)","authors":"О. Sagalova, V. S. Adonieva, S. V. Zotov, D. Gusev, E. Strebkova, R. B. Galbraikh, V. Morozov, I. M. Khayertynova, I. V. Krasilnikova, I. V. Sannikova, A. Bhagat, D. O. Milenin, A. P. Efremova","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-47-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-47-59","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) is the first pangenotypic ribavirin-free regimen allowing for treatment duration as short as 8 weeks for the majority of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) genotypes (GT) 1 to 6. The results of clinical trials showed good tolerability of GLE/PIB and high virologic response rate (mostly >95%) among different patient populations. The main objective of this study was to determine how the efficacy and safety of GLE/PIB translates into real-world clinical settings in Russia.Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter observational study in patients with CHC who received the GLE/PIB regimen. The treatment regimen was prescribed by a physician in accordance with all applicable requirements before the enrollment in the study. Patients were observed for the duration of GLE/PIB therapy and at least for up to 12 weeks after the treatment completion. Real-world data were collected in patient records. Follow-up visits, procedures, and diagnostic methods followed physicians’ routine clinical practice.Results: Overall 161 patients were enrolled in the study in 11 study sites of them 128 patients had sufficient follow-up data to assess sustained virological response 12 weeks [i.e. ≥70 days] after the end of treatment with GLE/PIB (SVR12). Overall, 127 out of 128 patients (99.2%) achieved SVR12. Depending on treatment duration the following SVR12 rates were achieved: 98.7% in 8-week group (75/76), 100% in 12-week group (49/49) and 100% in 16-week group (3/3). One patient failed to achieve SVR, the exact reasons of failure couldn’t be established by the Investigator.Since only one patient didn’t achieve primary endpoint the following SVR12 rates were achieved in different subpopulations: 91.7% in patients with GT2 (11/12); 98.9% in non-cirrhotic patients (88/89); 99.1% in treatment-naïve patients (113/114); 99.1% in patients without HIV co-infection (116/117); 99.2% in patients younger than 65 years (120/121).On the other hand, SVR12 was achieved by all patients (100%) in the following subpopulations: patients with GT3 (n=76), GT1a (n=5), GT1b (n=29) and other GTs (n=6); cirrhotic patients (n=36) and those with unknown cirrhosis status (n=3); treatment-experienced patients (n=14); HIV/HCV co-infected patients (n=11); patients older than 65 years (n=7); and drug users (n=10).No clinically significant abnormalities in the key laboratory parameters were noted during the study. On contrary, the overall improvement of the liver enzymes was observed at SVR12 Visit. There were 3 patients with 3 adverse events (AEs): 2 cases were mild (cough and rash), and 1 case was severe and evaluated as a serious AE (hepatic decompensation). Hepatic decompensation led to the patient withdrawal from the study; this serious AE was preceded by 2 months of daily alcohol consumption and in the investigator’s opinion was not related to GLE/PIB intake. Of all AEs only rash was related to GLE/PIB administration according to in","PeriodicalId":226950,"journal":{"name":"Journal Infectology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133482211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-6-13
S. Sidorenko, Y. Lobzin, W. Rennert, E. V. Nikitina, I. Tsvetkova, V. Ageevets, E. Martens, O. Kalinogorskaya, A. Ardysheva, L. Bayazitova, A. Bikmieva, E. Bolgarova, E. A. Brzhozovska, I. Verentsova, A. A. Girina, Y. Zakharova, T. V. Illarionova, G. Isaeva, A. V. Klimashina, O. Kovalishena, T. G. Kozeeva, N. A. Mayansky, I. A. Nemirovchenko, I. V. Pozdeeva, V. Salina, N. Sokolova, L. V. Tomracheva, Yury A Tyurin, I. V. Feldblyum, I. Shirokova, S. M. Skripkovskaya, A. Aleksandrova
During a prospective multicenter non-interventional observational study, a comparative assessment was made of the serotype structure of pneumococci circulating among healthy children under the age of 5 years and children of the same age group with signs of respiratory infections in the periods 2016-2018 and 2020-2022. Data on the serotype structure of pneumococci in the period from 2016-2018 were obtained from our previous works. In 2020-2022 the study included 2066 healthy children and 603 children with respiratory infections. Streptococcus pneumoniae and their DNA were detected in nasopharyngeal swabs by classical culture and molecular methods. Typing was carried out by molecular methods. On the territory of the Russian Federation, pneumococci belonging to the serotypes included in the 13-valent vaccine are being forced out of circulation and replaced by non-vaccine serotypes. Before the introduction of mass antipneumococcal vaccination (until 2015), the 13-valent conjugate vaccine covered from 66.2% to 92% of pneumococci, after the start of mass anti-pneumococcal vaccination in the period 2016-2018, coverage decreased to 57.3%. Between 2020 and 2022, coverage was less than 40%. The main “non-vaccine” serotypes/serogroups circulating in the Russian Federation are 15AF, 11AD, 23A, 9LN and 16F.
{"title":"Changes in serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumonia circulating among children in the Russian Federation after 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction.","authors":"S. Sidorenko, Y. Lobzin, W. Rennert, E. V. Nikitina, I. Tsvetkova, V. Ageevets, E. Martens, O. Kalinogorskaya, A. Ardysheva, L. Bayazitova, A. Bikmieva, E. Bolgarova, E. A. Brzhozovska, I. Verentsova, A. A. Girina, Y. Zakharova, T. V. Illarionova, G. Isaeva, A. V. Klimashina, O. Kovalishena, T. G. Kozeeva, N. A. Mayansky, I. A. Nemirovchenko, I. V. Pozdeeva, V. Salina, N. Sokolova, L. V. Tomracheva, Yury A Tyurin, I. V. Feldblyum, I. Shirokova, S. M. Skripkovskaya, A. Aleksandrova","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-6-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-6-13","url":null,"abstract":"During a prospective multicenter non-interventional observational study, a comparative assessment was made of the serotype structure of pneumococci circulating among healthy children under the age of 5 years and children of the same age group with signs of respiratory infections in the periods 2016-2018 and 2020-2022. Data on the serotype structure of pneumococci in the period from 2016-2018 were obtained from our previous works. In 2020-2022 the study included 2066 healthy children and 603 children with respiratory infections. Streptococcus pneumoniae and their DNA were detected in nasopharyngeal swabs by classical culture and molecular methods. Typing was carried out by molecular methods. On the territory of the Russian Federation, pneumococci belonging to the serotypes included in the 13-valent vaccine are being forced out of circulation and replaced by non-vaccine serotypes. Before the introduction of mass antipneumococcal vaccination (until 2015), the 13-valent conjugate vaccine covered from 66.2% to 92% of pneumococci, after the start of mass anti-pneumococcal vaccination in the period 2016-2018, coverage decreased to 57.3%. Between 2020 and 2022, coverage was less than 40%. The main “non-vaccine” serotypes/serogroups circulating in the Russian Federation are 15AF, 11AD, 23A, 9LN and 16F.","PeriodicalId":226950,"journal":{"name":"Journal Infectology","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115999484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-35-46
V. Vasil’ev, N. Rogozina, I. Markin
The review presents modern information of domestic and foreign authors about possible pathogenetic mechanisms of the virus effect on the fetus in the case of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women. Immunosuppressive changes, which are a feature of the physiological course of pregnancy, create favorable conditions for the development of active cytomegalovirus infection. The virus’s ability to infect a wide range of cells in vivo and trigger a set of molecular mechanisms causes changes in placental cell differentiation, which plays a key role in transplant transmission. The processes of formation of chronic placental insufficiency, which leads to hypoxia of the fetus and to delay of intrauterine development, are separately highlighted. The literary data on non-specific metabolic changes of the mother and placental activation of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL2, IL-6 and IL-8), which occur in cytomegalovirus infection and are of significant importance in formation of hypoxia of the fetus have been analyzed.In addition, the role of individual cells in preventing intrauterine infection is examined, namely the deciduous macrophages with antiviral activity, the deciduous natural killers and their activated toll-like receptors. The article also discusses the genetic predisposition to the development of manifest forms of EID, including the relationship of polymorphism of TLR2 and Arg753Gln genes with an increased risk of intrauterine infection of the fetus CMV.Characteristic properties of the virus are pronounced genetic diversity, the ability to life-long persistence in various human organs and tissues (secretory glands, lymphatic cells, kidneys, etc.) and replication without cell damage, as well as suppressing cellular immunity. The article describes the issues of genotyping of virus and the relationship of some genotypes with certain organ pathology in newborns.
{"title":"Modern concepts of the mechanisms of congenital cytomegalovirus infection development","authors":"V. Vasil’ev, N. Rogozina, I. Markin","doi":"10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-35-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2023-15-2-35-46","url":null,"abstract":"The review presents modern information of domestic and foreign authors about possible pathogenetic mechanisms of the virus effect on the fetus in the case of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women. Immunosuppressive changes, which are a feature of the physiological course of pregnancy, create favorable conditions for the development of active cytomegalovirus infection. The virus’s ability to infect a wide range of cells in vivo and trigger a set of molecular mechanisms causes changes in placental cell differentiation, which plays a key role in transplant transmission. The processes of formation of chronic placental insufficiency, which leads to hypoxia of the fetus and to delay of intrauterine development, are separately highlighted. The literary data on non-specific metabolic changes of the mother and placental activation of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL2, IL-6 and IL-8), which occur in cytomegalovirus infection and are of significant importance in formation of hypoxia of the fetus have been analyzed.In addition, the role of individual cells in preventing intrauterine infection is examined, namely the deciduous macrophages with antiviral activity, the deciduous natural killers and their activated toll-like receptors. The article also discusses the genetic predisposition to the development of manifest forms of EID, including the relationship of polymorphism of TLR2 and Arg753Gln genes with an increased risk of intrauterine infection of the fetus CMV.Characteristic properties of the virus are pronounced genetic diversity, the ability to life-long persistence in various human organs and tissues (secretory glands, lymphatic cells, kidneys, etc.) and replication without cell damage, as well as suppressing cellular immunity. The article describes the issues of genotyping of virus and the relationship of some genotypes with certain organ pathology in newborns.","PeriodicalId":226950,"journal":{"name":"Journal Infectology","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127607723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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