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Nationalism in the Poetry of Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Walt Whitman: A Comparative Literary Analysis of I Hear America Singing and Tarana-I-Hindi 艾拉马·穆罕默德·伊克巴尔博士和沃尔特·惠特曼诗歌中的民族主义:《我听到美国在唱歌》和《塔拉纳-我-印地语》的比较文学分析
Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.30998/scope.v6i1.9880
A. Sohail, Muhammad Zawar Khan
This paper is based on the comparative study of the two poets, Allama Muhammad Iqbal from Pakistan and Walt Whitman from America as nationalistic poets of their specific age. Nationalism was a common theme in most of their works. These two poets belonged to different geographical social cultural and religious backgrounds but they have some similarities as well as differences. Allama Muhammad Iqbal was famous for the fan Islamist and he was considered as the Muslim nationalist of their time throughout the world while Walt Whitman was famous for American nationalism and democracy. All the time he speaks about the superiority of the American I have used the variation theory of comparative literature presented by changing Cao for the purpose to compare and contrast the work of two different for similarity as well as difference and another framework I will use comparative cultural studies presented by Totsy Zepetnek in my research.
本文以巴基斯坦的伊克巴尔和美国的惠特曼两位诗人作为各自时代的民族主义诗人进行比较研究。民族主义是他们大部分作品的共同主题。这两位诗人属于不同的地域、社会文化和宗教背景,但他们既有相似之处,也有不同之处。阿拉玛·穆罕默德·伊克巴尔以狂热的伊斯兰主义者而闻名,他被认为是当时全世界的穆斯林民族主义者,而沃尔特·惠特曼则以美国的民族主义和民主而闻名。他一直在说美国人的优越性,我使用了change Cao提出的比较文学变异理论来比较和对比两种不同的作品的相似性和差异性,另一个框架我将在我的研究中使用Totsy Zepetnek提出的比较文化研究。
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引用次数: 0
The Influence of Shadowing Technique to The Students Listening Ability 阴影教学法对学生听力的影响
Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.30998/scope.v6i1.9611
D. Andriani, E. Agustina, Agung Setiadi, Muhammad Zainudin Afas
The objective to this research was to find out whether or not there was any significant difference between students who were taught listening by using Shadowing Technique and who were not taught by using Shadowing technique at the tenth grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Sukaraja. All of The tenth grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Sukaraja that consisted of 152 students was as population. By using purposive sampling, the sample was class X TKJ 1with total 34 as experimental class and X TKJ 2 with total 35 as control class. The data analysis was carried out by using Independent t-test for SPSS 25 version. The result shows that value of t-obt = 3.434 is higher than t-t = 2.000 and the P-out put of sign (2-tailed) is  (0.001<0.05). Based on the result, it means that there is any significant difference between students who are taught listening by using Shadowing Technique and who are  not taught by using Shadowing technique at the tenth grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Sukaraja.
本研究的目的是为了了解SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Sukaraja的十年级学生中,使用阴影技巧进行听力教学的学生与未使用阴影技巧进行听力教学的学生之间是否存在显著差异。SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Sukaraja的所有十年级学生由152名学生组成。采用目的抽样法,样本为X tkj1类,试验组34人;X tkj2类,对照组35人。数据分析采用SPSS 25版独立t检验。结果表明,t-obt = 3.434的值高于t-t = 2.000,符号(双尾)的P-out为(0.001<0.05)。从结果来看,SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Sukaraja的十年级学生中,使用阴影技巧进行听力教学的学生与未使用阴影技巧进行听力教学的学生之间存在显著差异。
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引用次数: 0
Vocabulary Learning Strategies Used by Undergraduate Students 大学生词汇学习策略研究
Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.30998/scope.v6i1.9976
H. Simanjuntak
Vocabulary is a tool for clarification of thinking, clearing, and satisfying expression of ideas. Hence, the research aims at investigating Vocabulary-learning strategy by EFL students. The data were collected by using questionnaires and interviews. This research employed a descriptive method by examining O’Malley and Chamot’s strategies (2004). The results show that the common strategies used by learners in vocabulary learning namely Reading short stories, Reading loudly, Repeating after the lecturers, Using English social media, Making list of memorized vocabulary, Skipping new word which likely does not need to study, Watching movie, Listening the song, Applying new words in the sentences, Making conversation with friends in and outside the classroom, Writing the word repeatedly, Asking the lecturers or classmates who understand more than them, and Asking the lecturers to translate the meaning of a word. Meanwhile, the strategies to develop their English vocabulary such as Writing the repeated word, Discovering the meanings of new words by using the dictionary, Memorizing new vocabulary, Saying the word loudly in front of the mirror, and Using English social media.
词汇是一种工具,用于澄清思想,清晰和令人满意地表达思想。因此,本研究旨在探讨英语学生的词汇学习策略。数据收集采用问卷调查和访谈法。本研究通过检验O 'Malley和Chamot的策略(2004),采用了描述性的方法。结果表明,学习者在词汇学习中常用的策略有:读小故事、大声朗读、跟着老师朗读、使用英语社交媒体、制作记忆词汇表、跳过可能不需要学习的新单词、看电影、听歌曲、将新单词应用到句子中、与课堂内外的朋友交谈、反复写单词、询问比他们理解得更多的讲师或同学,并要求讲师翻译单词的意思。同时,通过写重复的单词、查字典发现生词的意思、背生词、对着镜子大声说单词、使用英语社交媒体等策略来提高他们的英语词汇量。
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引用次数: 1
A Comparative Study of Cultural Types and Dimensions in English Textbooks 英语教材中文化类型与文化维度的比较研究
Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.30998/scope.v6i1.10261
Kristina Butar Butar, A. Pasaribu

Many researchers have conducted regarding cultural analysis in English textbooks. However, the comparison between English Textbook as ESL and EFL used in Indonesia in term of cultural analysis is relatively unexplored. After addressing the gap, this study mainly focuses on investigating the cultural contents between Cambridge Global English Key Stage 6 and Erlangga Grow with English Book. The data of the study were taken from the two books regarding the cultural dimensions. The theory of types of culture used is proposed by Hinkel (1999), namely source, target, and international culture. As for the theory of dimensions of culture, namely aesthetic, sociological, semantic, and pragmatic is taken from Adaskou, Britten and Fahsi. The findings reveal that Cambridge Global English Key Stage 6 contained more cultural materials than Erlangga Grow with English Book 6. Cambridge Global English Key Stage 6 contains more percentage or portion in culture types and dimensions which considers the importance of studying culture as a preparation for the learners to face intercultural communication in their future. This study contributes to a new perspective in the study of cultural dimension as well as

许多研究者对英语教材中的文化分析进行了研究。然而,从文化分析的角度比较英语教材作为第二语言与印度尼西亚使用的第二语言的研究相对较少。在解决了这一差距之后,本研究主要侧重于调查剑桥全球英语关键阶段6和埃尔朗加与英语一起成长的文化内容。本研究的数据取自两本关于文化维度的书。文化使用类型理论由ADDIN CSL_CITATION {"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"author":[{"drop -particle":"" family":"Hinkel","given":"Eli","non-drop -particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":" culture in Second Language Teaching and Learning","id":"ITEM-1","issued":{"date-parts":[["1999"]]},"页数":"196-219","publisher":"Cambridge ","title":"Cultural "提出镜像”,“type”:“book”},“uris”:[“http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=e8736554-25df-405e-abe5-1b6014dca62e”]}],“mendeley”:{“formattedCitation”:“(Hinkel, 1999)”,“manualFormatting”:“Hinkel, 1999)”,“plainTextFormattedCitation”:“(Hinkel, 1999)”,“previouslyFormattedCitation”:“(Hinkel, 1999)”},“properties”:{“noteIndex”:0},“schema”:“https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json”}Hinkel(1999),即源、目标、国际文化。至于文化维度的理论,即美学、社会学、语义学和语用学,则借鉴了阿达斯库、布里顿和法赫西的理论。研究结果表明,剑桥全球英语关键阶段6比埃尔朗加英语成长第6册包含更多的文化材料。剑桥全球英语关键阶段6在文化类型和维度上包含了更多的百分比或部分,它考虑了学习文化作为学习者未来面对跨文化交流的准备的重要性。本研究为文化维度的研究开辟了新的视角,也为英语教学的比较研究开辟了新的视野。
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引用次数: 1
English as International Language Revisited: Implications on South Korea’s ELT Context 重新审视英语作为国际语言:对韩国英语教学语境的启示
Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.30998/scope.v6i1.9383
Fadhlur Rahman, Nizar Saputra
This paper specifically aims to examine conceptual and empirical studies on the evolution of English Language Teaching (ELT) worldwide and its progression affecting ELT in South Korea. A systematic review was used as the research methodology. A number of significant articles from top-tier journals and book chapters were analysed utilising a content analysis, to gain evidence-based solutions. This paper begins with the outset of EIL (English as an International Language) in general, and examines a paradigm shift concerning the prestige norms such as American English (AmE) and British Received Pronunciation (RP). This paper heavily emphasizes on the condition of English Language Teaching in South Korea, and what theoretical foundations can be utilized to English language program in South Korea. Furthermore, this paper critically investigates the interconnectedness complexities between English and the national language, along with the attitudes toward native and non-native English-speaking teachers. The findings reveal some particular recommendations which can be undertaken to reconceptualize the language policy, teachers’ recruitment and curriculum developments in South Korea.
本文旨在考察世界范围内关于英语教学演变的概念和实证研究,以及其对韩国英语教学的影响。研究方法采用系统综述法。利用内容分析分析了来自顶级期刊和书籍章节的一些重要文章,以获得基于证据的解决方案。本文从作为国际语言的英语(EIL)的总体开始,并研究了美国式英语(AmE)和英式标准发音(RP)等声望规范的范式转变。本文着重介绍了韩国英语教学的现状,以及韩国英语教学可以借鉴的理论基础。此外,本文批判性地调查了英语和母语之间的相互联系复杂性,以及对母语和非母语教师的态度。调查结果揭示了一些具体的建议,可以采取这些建议来重新构想韩国的语文政策、教师征聘和课程发展。
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引用次数: 7
Vocabulary and Grammar Mastery on Students’ Reading Skill 词汇和语法掌握对学生阅读技能的影响
Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.30998/scope.v6i1.10237
Mildan Af, N. Nurhayati, I. Istikomah
Students’ lack of vocabulary and grammar knowledge can influence their reading skills. This research is aimed at finding the effects of vocabulary and grammar mastery on students’ reading skill. The fourth semester of UNINDRA students in Jakarta were the research participants. The sample was selected through simple random sampling. There were three variables; vocabulary and grammar mastery and English reading skill. Objective tests were administered to the students for the data. Correlation technique and multiple regressions were used for data analysis. The research findings reveal first significant effects of vocabulary and grammar mastery both partially and collectively on the students’ English reading skill, proved by Sig.0.000 < 0.05 and Fo184.710, with correlation coefficient 0.90 and determination coefficient is 0.809 or 80.9%. The regression equation is: Y = 2.071+ 0.529X1 + 0.414X2. It means that the students’ English reading skill is strongly influenced by their vocabulary and grammar mastery. Secondly, there is a significant effect of vocabulary mastery on the reading skill of the fourth semester of UNINDRA students Jakarta, proved with the score of t observed = 5.263 > t table= 1.987and Sig. 0.000 < 0.05. Thirdly, there is a significant effect of grammar mastery on the reading skill of the fourth semester of UNINDRA students Jakarta proved with the score of t observed = 4.514 > t table= 1.987and Sig. 0.000 < 0.05. The conclusion is that there are significant effects of the students’ vocabulary and grammar mastery both partially and collectively on their reading skill.
学生缺乏词汇和语法知识会影响他们的阅读能力。本研究旨在发现词汇和语法掌握对学生阅读技能的影响。在雅加达的研究所第四学期的学生是研究的参与者。采用简单随机抽样的方法选取样本。有三个变量;掌握词汇和语法以及英语阅读能力。对学生进行了客观测试以获取数据。采用相关技术和多元回归进行数据分析。研究发现,首先,词汇和语法掌握对学生英语阅读技能的部分和整体影响显著,Sig.0.000 < 0.05和Fo184.710证明了这一点,相关系数为0.90,决定系数为0.809或80.9%。回归方程为:Y = 2.071+ 0.529X1 + 0.414X2。这意味着学生的英语阅读能力受到词汇和语法掌握程度的强烈影响。其次,词汇掌握对UNINDRA雅加达学生第四学期的阅读技能有显著影响,t观察得分= 5.263 > t表= 1.987,Sig. 0.000 < 0.05。第三,语法掌握对UNINDRA学生雅加达第四学期阅读技能有显著影响,得分t观察= 4.514 > t表= 1.987,Sig. 0.000 < 0.05。结果表明,词汇和语法的掌握对学生的阅读能力有显著的局部和整体影响。
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引用次数: 3
Item Analysis of Reading Comprehension Test: A Study of Test Scores Interpretation 阅读理解测验项目分析:测验成绩解释研究
Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI: 10.30998/scope.v6i1.7675
Risna Saswati
This study sheds lights on the effectiveness of multiple choice of reading comprehension test items in measuring learners’ reading comprehension competence. This study applies descriptive quantitative method of research that uses statistical analysis to measure the effectiveness of the individual test item. The study uses the theories of multiple-choice test type and Item Analysis (IA). The data were taken from multiple choice test type of reading comprehension test given to 51 freshman students attending Literal Reading class. The test had 31 numbers comprising the questions of Text A, B and C. The reading comprehension test items were measured by the procedure of Item Analysis using the Item Facility, Item Discrimination and Distractor Efficiency. The result of this study is there are 13 items in reading comprehension test which are in need to be reviewed by the teachers. It is needed to be revised since the test is intended to be put in the question bank and be used repeatedly for the future use.
本研究揭示了阅读理解题项选择在测试学习者阅读理解能力方面的有效性。本研究采用描述性定量研究方法,利用统计分析来衡量个别测试项目的有效性。本研究采用多项选择测验类型和项目分析(IA)理论。数据采自51名读字面阅读课的大一新生的选择题式阅读理解测试。测试共有31个数字,包括文本A、B和c的问题。阅读理解测试项目采用项目分析程序,使用项目便利、项目辨别和干扰效率。本研究的结果是阅读理解测试中有13个项目需要教师进行复习。这是需要修改的,因为测试的目的是放在题库中,并在以后的使用中反复使用。
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引用次数: 1
Utilization of Seamless Learning as a Learning Model during Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia 在印度尼西亚Covid-19大流行期间利用无缝学习作为学习模式
Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.30998/SCOPE.V5I2.3401
L. Setyowati
One of the effects of the 2019-20 Coronavirus pandemic is relied on education throughout the world. Education in Indonesia is also affected by the COVID-19 virus. All levels of education from elementary schools to tertiary institutions (universities) both under the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture and those under the Indonesian Ministry of Religion are "forced" to learn from home because of face-to-face learning removed to prevent COVID-19 transmission. Under these conditions, the education system can adopt Seamless Learning. Seamless Learning allows students to determine when and where they will learn. This research is a literature study reviewing studies which show that Seamless can now be done to replace traditional systems during pandemic. Seamless Learning can be an option for learning methods that can be applied during the COVID-19 quarantine period. Seamless Learning allows students to learn more independently and does not sacrifice students with certain hours and duration as long as the material is affordable and accessible to students. Students can easily access material and are not limited by certain devices making it easier for students who do not have a computer or laptop.
2019- 2020年冠状病毒大流行的影响之一是依赖于世界各地的教育。印度尼西亚的教育也受到COVID-19病毒的影响。从小学到高等教育机构(大学)的各级教育,无论是印尼教育和文化部还是印尼宗教部,都“被迫”在家学习,因为为防止COVID-19传播而取消了面对面学习。在这种情况下,教育系统可以采用无缝学习。无缝学习允许学生决定何时何地学习。这项研究是一项文献研究,回顾了表明无缝现在可以在大流行期间取代传统系统的研究。无缝学习可以作为在隔离期间适用的学习方法的一种选择。无缝学习使学生学习更独立,不牺牲学生有一定的时间和持续时间,只要材料是学生负担得起、享受得到的服务。学生可以很容易地访问材料,不受某些设备的限制,使没有电脑或笔记本电脑的学生更容易。
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引用次数: 2
Immersing Islamic Value in English Language Teaching: A Challenge for English Teachers 在英语教学中融入伊斯兰价值观:对英语教师的挑战
Pub Date : 2020-11-15 DOI: 10.30998/SCOPE.V5I1.6404
Wahyu Indah Mala Rohmana
Recently the issue of integrating religion view into all life aspects has emerged rapidly. It has something to do with building especially children’s character since they were a child. Moreover, cases of students who lack of norms and attitudes are growing immensely. Hence, the integration of religion in this case Islamic value into all subjects at school is urgently needed. In English Language Teaching (ELT), immersing Islamic value has been constrains by English Teachers because of the limitation of knowledge. Therefore, this paper presents and discusses the values and ethics in Islam its forms and sources. It shades more lights on the infusion of Islamic values and ethics in ELT, the role of teachers, challenges faced in embedding Islamic values into English materials. This paper uses qualitative descriptive research. Library research was used by taking into account some journals and sources related with instilling Islamic values in English teaching. The data then is explained by using descriptive analysis. Finally, this study concludes with some recommendations for tracking the challenges such as inserting exercise with Islamic values in the English topics, using Islamic names for person, event or places, connecting the relevant verse of Holy Book or using it as the material to be translated and using English books containing Islamic messages.
近年来,将宗教观融入生活的各个方面的问题迅速出现。这与孩子们从小的性格塑造有关。此外,学生缺乏规范和态度的情况正在急剧增加。因此,迫切需要将宗教,在这种情况下,伊斯兰价值观融入学校的所有科目。在英语教学中,由于知识的局限,伊斯兰价值观的灌输一直受到英语教师的制约。因此,本文提出并探讨了伊斯兰教的价值观和道德观的表现形式和来源。它进一步揭示了伊斯兰价值观和道德观念在英语教学中的渗透、教师的角色、将伊斯兰价值观融入英语教材所面临的挑战。本文采用定性描述性研究。图书馆的研究考虑了一些与在英语教学中灌输伊斯兰价值观有关的期刊和资料。然后使用描述性分析来解释数据。最后,本研究总结了一些跟踪挑战的建议,例如在英语主题中插入具有伊斯兰价值观的练习,使用伊斯兰名称来称呼人物,事件或地点,连接圣书的相关经文或将其作为要翻译的材料,并使用包含伊斯兰信息的英语书籍。
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引用次数: 1
The Representation of gender Ideology in Hinata Figure, Naruto Shippuden Film 《火影忍者》中日田人物的性别意识形态表现
Pub Date : 2020-06-27 DOI: 10.30998/SCOPE.V4I2.6239
Leni Tiwiyanti, Yulia Sofiani
Anime and manga can closely present Japanese culture. The concept of Hinata Hyuga as a woman ninja in Naruto Shippuden, an anime film, depicts the gender ideology of Japanese culture. The research aims to describe the representation of gender ideology in Hinata Hyuga's figure and to know the semiotic representation in Hinata Hyuga as a woman who has broken the Japanese gender ideology. The scope of this study is investigating the woman's identity in gender ideology (feminism), by seeing signs represented in Hinata Hyuga. The research is qualitative and applies a descriptive qualitative method. The primary data source of this research is taken from Naruto Shippuden animated film. After the animated film is obtained, the researchers watch several series which are related to Hinata Hyuga. To get the expected research purpose, theory by Simone de Beauvoir about gender ideology combined with semiotic Barthes is applied to analyze the representation of gender ideology. The results show that Hinata Hyuga is a Japanese woman who can be a strong ninja who has broken Japanese gender ideology. In short, by seeing signs, semiotic can prove that Hinata’s characterization is not defined as a weak woman. Hinata’s identity as a Japanese woman, who is expected to be calm, gentle, fragile and in charge of all the housework is deconstructed into a strong and brave woman who refuse to give up in any problems.
动漫能很好地呈现日本文化。动漫电影《火影忍者》中的女忍者日女,描绘了日本文化中的性别意识形态。本研究旨在描述性别意识形态在日新形象中的表征,了解作为打破日本性别意识形态的女性,日新形象的符号学表征。本研究的范围是通过观察日田百合所代表的符号,来调查女性在性别意识形态(女权主义)中的身份认同。本研究为定性研究,采用描述性定性研究方法。本研究的主要数据来源取自动画电影《火影忍者》。在获得动画电影后,研究人员观看了与日田日贺有关的几个系列。为了达到预期的研究目的,本文将西蒙娜·德·波伏娃关于性别意识形态的理论与符号学巴特相结合,对性别意识形态的表征进行分析。结果显示,日贺日新是一名打破日本性别意识形态,可以成为强大忍者的日本女性。总之,通过看到符号,符号学可以证明日田的人物塑造并没有被定义为一个软弱的女人。原本被期待冷静、温柔、脆弱、包揽一切家务的日本女性身份,被解构成一个在任何问题上都不放弃的坚强勇敢的女性。
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引用次数: 0
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Scope : Journal of English Language Teaching
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