The complicated trilateral relationships among molecular structures, properties and photovoltaic performances of electron donor and acceptor materials hinder the rapid improvement of power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, we construct the database of 310 donor and non‐fullerene acceptor pairs and select 39 molecular structure descriptors. Four kinds of machine learning (ML) algorithms random forest (RF), extra trees regression, gradient boosting regression trees and adaptive boosting are applied to predict photovoltaic parameters. The coefficient of determination, Pearson correlation coefficient, mean absolute error and root mean square error are adopted to evaluate ML performance. The results show that the RF model exhibits the best prediction accuracy. The Gini important analysis suggest the fused ring and aromatic heterocycles are critical fragments in determining PCE. The molecular unit sets are constructed by cutting each donor and acceptor molecules in database. The 31,752 D‐π‐A‐π type donor molecules and 5,455,164 A‐π‐D‐π‐A type acceptor molecules are designed by recombination of molecular units, and 173,212,367,328 donor‐acceptor pairs are generated by combining the newly designed donor and acceptor molecules. Based on the predicted PCE using the trained RF model, 42 donor‐acceptor pairs exhibit the predicted PCE>16%, in which the highest PCE is 16.24%.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
{"title":"Molecular Design and High‐Throughput Virtual Screening of Electron Donor and Non‐Fullerene Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells","authors":"Rui Cao, Cai-Rong Zhang, Ming Li, Xiao-Meng Liu, Mei-Ling Zhang, Ji-Jun Gong, Yu-Hong Chen, Zi-Jiang Liu, You-Zhi Wu, Hong-Shan Chen","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400370","url":null,"abstract":"The complicated trilateral relationships among molecular structures, properties and photovoltaic performances of electron donor and acceptor materials hinder the rapid improvement of power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, we construct the database of 310 donor and non‐fullerene acceptor pairs and select 39 molecular structure descriptors. Four kinds of machine learning (ML) algorithms random forest (RF), extra trees regression, gradient boosting regression trees and adaptive boosting are applied to predict photovoltaic parameters. The coefficient of determination, Pearson correlation coefficient, mean absolute error and root mean square error are adopted to evaluate ML performance. The results show that the RF model exhibits the best prediction accuracy. The Gini important analysis suggest the fused ring and aromatic heterocycles are critical fragments in determining PCE. The molecular unit sets are constructed by cutting each donor and acceptor molecules in database. The 31,752 D‐π‐A‐π type donor molecules and 5,455,164 A‐π‐D‐π‐A type acceptor molecules are designed by recombination of molecular units, and 173,212,367,328 donor‐acceptor pairs are generated by combining the newly designed donor and acceptor molecules. Based on the predicted PCE using the trained RF model, 42 donor‐acceptor pairs exhibit the predicted PCE>16%, in which the highest PCE is 16.24%.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141508160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jan Keller, Lars Stolt, Olivier Donzel-Gargand, André F. Violas, Tomas Kubart, Marika Edoff
This study evaluates In2O3:W as a transparent back contact material in wide‐gap (band gap range = 1.44 ‐ 1.52 eV) (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 (ACIGS) solar cells for potential application as a top cell in a tandem device. High silver concentrations and close‐stoichiometric absorber compositions result in a complete depletion of free charge carriers, allowing for decent electron collection, despite the low diffusion length. Remarkable efficiencies of 13.6% and 7.5% are reached using 1 µm‐ and 400 nm‐thick absorbers, respectively. At rear illumination (i.e. superstrate backwall), the best cell shows an efficiency of 8.7%. For each of the four analyzed samples, the short‐circuit current at rear illumination reaches at least 60% of the value at front illumination. Losses arise from recombination at the back contact and a too low drift/diffusion length. The parasitic absorption by the transparent electrodes for photon energies close to the band gap of a potential Si bottom cell (1.1 eV) is close to 15%. Strategies to reduce this value and to further increase the efficiency are discussed.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
{"title":"Bifacial wide‐gap (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 solar cell with 13.6% efficiency using In2O3:W as a back contact material","authors":"Jan Keller, Lars Stolt, Olivier Donzel-Gargand, André F. Violas, Tomas Kubart, Marika Edoff","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400430","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates In<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>:W as a transparent back contact material in wide‐gap (band gap range = 1.44 ‐ 1.52 eV) (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> (ACIGS) solar cells for potential application as a top cell in a tandem device. High silver concentrations and close‐stoichiometric absorber compositions result in a complete depletion of free charge carriers, allowing for decent electron collection, despite the low diffusion length. Remarkable efficiencies of 13.6% and 7.5% are reached using 1 µm‐ and 400 nm‐thick absorbers, respectively. At rear illumination (i.e. superstrate backwall), the best cell shows an efficiency of 8.7%. For each of the four analyzed samples, the short‐circuit current at rear illumination reaches at least 60% of the value at front illumination. Losses arise from recombination at the back contact and a too low drift/diffusion length. The parasitic absorption by the transparent electrodes for photon energies close to the band gap of a potential Si bottom cell (1.1 eV) is close to 15%. Strategies to reduce this value and to further increase the efficiency are discussed.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141518365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hatameh Asgarimoghaddam, Saikiran Sunil Khamgaonkar, Avi Mathur, Vivek Maheshwari, Kevin P. Musselman
In this study, both the internal and external stability of a p‐i‐n methylammonium lead iodide perovskite solar cell (PSC) is improved. Polystyrene (PS) is introduced into the perovskite layer to form a cross‐linked polymer‐perovskite network, which enhances the nucleation and growth of the perovskite grains. Moreover, for the first time, 60‐nm‐thick ZnO/AlOx nanolaminate thin‐film encapsulation (TFE) is deposited directly on the PSC using an atmospheric‐pressure spatial atomic layer deposition (AP‐SALD) system operated in atmospheric‐pressure spatial chemical vapor deposition (AP‐SCVD) mode. The rapid nature of AP‐SCVD enables encapsulation of the PSCs in open air at 130°C without damaging the perovskite. The PS additive improves the performance and internal stability of the PSCs by reducing ion migration. Both the PS additive and the ZnO/AlOx nanolaminate TFEs improve the external stability under standard test conditions (dark, 65°C, 85% relative humidity) by preventing water ingress. The number and thickness of the ZnO/AlOx nanolaminate layers is optimized, resulting in a water‐vapor transmission rate as low as 5.1×10‐5 g/m2/day at 65°C and 85% relative humidity. A fourteen‐fold increase in PSC lifetime is demonstrated; notably, this is achieved using polystyrene, a commodity‐scale polymer, and AP‐SCVD, a scalable, open‐air encapsulation method.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
{"title":"Enhancing Internal and External Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells through Polystyrene‐Modification of the Perovskite and Rapid Open‐Air Deposition of ZnO/AlOx Nanolaminate Encapsulation","authors":"Hatameh Asgarimoghaddam, Saikiran Sunil Khamgaonkar, Avi Mathur, Vivek Maheshwari, Kevin P. Musselman","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400111","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, both the internal and external stability of a <jats:italic>p‐i‐n</jats:italic> methylammonium lead iodide perovskite solar cell (PSC) is improved. Polystyrene (PS) is introduced into the perovskite layer to form a cross‐linked polymer‐perovskite network, which enhances the nucleation and growth of the perovskite grains. Moreover, for the first time, 60‐nm‐thick ZnO/AlO<jats:sub>x</jats:sub> nanolaminate thin‐film encapsulation (TFE) is deposited directly on the PSC using an atmospheric‐pressure spatial atomic layer deposition (AP‐SALD) system operated in atmospheric‐pressure spatial chemical vapor deposition (AP‐SCVD) mode. The rapid nature of AP‐SCVD enables encapsulation of the PSCs in open air at 130<jats:sup>°</jats:sup>C without damaging the perovskite. The PS additive improves the performance and internal stability of the PSCs by reducing ion migration. Both the PS additive and the ZnO/AlO<jats:sub>x</jats:sub> nanolaminate TFEs improve the external stability under standard test conditions (dark, 65<jats:sup>°</jats:sup>C, 85% relative humidity) by preventing water ingress. The number and thickness of the ZnO/AlO<jats:sub>x</jats:sub> nanolaminate layers is optimized, resulting in a water‐vapor transmission rate as low as 5.1×10<jats:sup>‐5</jats:sup> g/m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>/day at 65<jats:sup>°</jats:sup>C and 85% relative humidity. A fourteen‐fold increase in PSC lifetime is demonstrated; notably, this is achieved using polystyrene, a commodity‐scale polymer, and AP‐SCVD, a scalable, open‐air encapsulation method.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141518364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grace Dansoa Tabi, Jun Peng, Naeimeh Mozaffari, Kylie R. Catchpole, Klaus J. Weber, The Duong, Thomas P. White, Daniel Walter
Perovskite Solar Cells
In article number 2301078, Grace Dansoa Tabi, Thomas P. White, Daniel Walter, and co-workers used numerical device simulations to explore the performance potential of local contact structures in perovskite solar cells. They observed that nanometer-scale contacts are necessary for best performance, motivating self-forming techniques for effective local contact formation.
Perovskite 太阳能电池 在编号为 2301078 的文章中，Grace Dansoa Tabi、Thomas P. White、Daniel Walter 及其合作者利用数值设备模拟探索了 perovskite 太阳能电池中局部接触结构的性能潜力。他们观察到，纳米级接触是实现最佳性能的必要条件，从而激发了有效形成局部接触的自形成技术。
{"title":"Performance Potential for Locally Contacted Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Grace Dansoa Tabi, Jun Peng, Naeimeh Mozaffari, Kylie R. Catchpole, Klaus J. Weber, The Duong, Thomas P. White, Daniel Walter","doi":"10.1002/solr.202470116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202470116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Perovskite Solar Cells</b>\u0000 </p><p>In article number 2301078, Grace Dansoa Tabi, Thomas P. White, Daniel Walter, and co-workers used numerical device simulations to explore the performance potential of local contact structures in perovskite solar cells. They observed that nanometer-scale contacts are necessary for best performance, motivating self-forming techniques for effective local contact formation.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202470116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141488933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daxue Du, Huanpei Huang, Xingbing Li, Sheng Ma, Dongming Zhao, Rui Li, Haiwei Huang, Zhidan Hao, Fanying Meng, Lin Li, Li He, Dong Ding, Zhengxin Liu, Wenbin Zhang, Wenzhong Shen
Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells
In article number 2400052, Wenzhong Shen and co-workers fabricated industrial silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells with an average efficiency of 25.18% and a 46% decline in Ag consumption with bifacial Ag/Cu fingers. Furthermore, the print qualification rate and high-temperature stability of SHJ solar cells with Ag/Cu fingers have been provided.
{"title":"Low-Cost Metallization Based on Ag/Cu Fingers for Exceeding 25% Efficiency in Industrial Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells","authors":"Daxue Du, Huanpei Huang, Xingbing Li, Sheng Ma, Dongming Zhao, Rui Li, Haiwei Huang, Zhidan Hao, Fanying Meng, Lin Li, Li He, Dong Ding, Zhengxin Liu, Wenbin Zhang, Wenzhong Shen","doi":"10.1002/solr.202470114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202470114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells</b>\u0000 </p><p>In article number 2400052, Wenzhong Shen and co-workers fabricated industrial silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells with an average efficiency of 25.18% and a 46% decline in Ag consumption with bifacial Ag/Cu fingers. Furthermore, the print qualification rate and high-temperature stability of SHJ solar cells with Ag/Cu fingers have been provided.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202470114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141488879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A crucial challenge in the development of semi‐transparent solar cells is to maintain a reasonable power conversion efficiency (PCE) while reaching a high average visible transparency (AVT). Typically, organic semiconductors are favorable for this application since they can selectively absorb infrared light while transmitting visible light. This ability stems from limited electronic states at high(er) energies in contrast to inorganic semiconductors with their typical rise of the absorption coefficient towards higher photon energies. To increase PCE at high AVTs, a series of infrared dielectric Bragg reflectors is developed for semi‐transparent organic solar cells. Using the multi‐layered back electrode (TiO2|SiN|TiO2|AZO|Ag|AZO) with PV‐X Plus as photoactive layer and a metal‐free PEDOT:PSS top electrode, a light utilization efficiency (LUE = AVT × PCE) of up to 4.32% is achieved, together with an AVT of 47.9%. Although the short circuit current and AVT agree well with optical simulations, a low fill factor (FF) and partial shunting limit the overall device performance. Using ZnO and PFN‐Br as additional electron transport layers and modifying the back electrode stack (TiO2|SiO2|TiO2|AZO|Ag|AZO) accordingly leads to an LUE of up to 4.6% with a remarkable AVT of 51.9% and a maximum PCE of 8.79%.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
{"title":"Dielectric Bragg Reflector as Back Electrode for Semi‐Transparent Organic Solar Cells with an Average Visible Transparency of 52%","authors":"Leonie Pap, Bertolt Schirmacher, Esther Bloch, Clemens Baretzky, Birger Zimmermann, Uli Würfel","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400399","url":null,"abstract":"A crucial challenge in the development of semi‐transparent solar cells is to maintain a reasonable power conversion efficiency (PCE) while reaching a high average visible transparency (AVT). Typically, organic semiconductors are favorable for this application since they can selectively absorb infrared light while transmitting visible light. This ability stems from limited electronic states at high(er) energies in contrast to inorganic semiconductors with their typical rise of the absorption coefficient towards higher photon energies. To increase PCE at high AVTs, a series of infrared dielectric Bragg reflectors is developed for semi‐transparent organic solar cells. Using the multi‐layered back electrode (TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>|SiN|TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>|AZO|Ag|AZO) with PV‐X Plus as photoactive layer and a metal‐free PEDOT:PSS top electrode, a light utilization efficiency (LUE = AVT × PCE) of up to 4.32% is achieved, together with an AVT of 47.9%. Although the short circuit current and AVT agree well with optical simulations, a low fill factor (FF) and partial shunting limit the overall device performance. Using ZnO and PFN‐Br as additional electron transport layers and modifying the back electrode stack (TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>|SiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>|TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>|AZO|Ag|AZO) accordingly leads to an LUE of up to 4.6% with a remarkable AVT of 51.9% and a maximum PCE of 8.79%.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141508187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Helen Bristow, Xiaole Li, Maxime Babics, Sofiia Kosar, Anil Reddy Pininti, Shanshan Zhang, Badri Vishal, Shruti Sarwade, Arsalan Razzaq, Ahmed Ali Said, Gilles Lubineau, Stefaan De Wolf
As perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells head toward industrialization, one emerging challenge relates to the mechanical reliability of these organic–inorganic multilayer devices. Herein, the fracture toughness and interfacial strength of monolithic p–i–n perovskite/silicon tandems are assessed in the context of module integration. While the weakest layer in the tandem stack investigated is found to be C60, used here as electron‐transport layer (interfacial tensile strength of 0.64 MPa), more concerningly, the fracture energy of the C60/tin‐oxide interface is found to be only 1.2 J m−2. The low fracture toughness of perovskite/silicon tandems can encourage crack propagation and large‐scale delamination during processes used for their integration into modules such as cell cutting, interconnection, and vacuum lamination. By improving the tin oxide buffer layer properties and reducing sputtering‐induced internal stress (associated with the transparent top electrode deposition onto the tin the oxide buffer layer), the fracture energy is improved to over 160 J m−2. A second strategy to mitigate delamination due to the low fracture toughness of the cells is tailoring encapsulation and cell processing techniques specifically toward the perovskite/silicon tandem technology. In this work, a critical reliability issue, relevant for any perovskite‐based optoelectronic technology requiring device packaging, is addressed.
{"title":"Mitigating Delamination in Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Modules","authors":"Helen Bristow, Xiaole Li, Maxime Babics, Sofiia Kosar, Anil Reddy Pininti, Shanshan Zhang, Badri Vishal, Shruti Sarwade, Arsalan Razzaq, Ahmed Ali Said, Gilles Lubineau, Stefaan De Wolf","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400289","url":null,"abstract":"As perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells head toward industrialization, one emerging challenge relates to the mechanical reliability of these organic–inorganic multilayer devices. Herein, the fracture toughness and interfacial strength of monolithic p–i–n perovskite/silicon tandems are assessed in the context of module integration. While the weakest layer in the tandem stack investigated is found to be C<jats:sub>60</jats:sub>, used here as electron‐transport layer (interfacial tensile strength of 0.64 MPa), more concerningly, the fracture energy of the C<jats:sub>60</jats:sub>/tin‐oxide interface is found to be only 1.2 J m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>. The low fracture toughness of perovskite/silicon tandems can encourage crack propagation and large‐scale delamination during processes used for their integration into modules such as cell cutting, interconnection, and vacuum lamination. By improving the tin oxide buffer layer properties and reducing sputtering‐induced internal stress (associated with the transparent top electrode deposition onto the tin the oxide buffer layer), the fracture energy is improved to over 160 J m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>. A second strategy to mitigate delamination due to the low fracture toughness of the cells is tailoring encapsulation and cell processing techniques specifically toward the perovskite/silicon tandem technology. In this work, a critical reliability issue, relevant for any perovskite‐based optoelectronic technology requiring device packaging, is addressed.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141508159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antonio J. Chacón-García, Herme G. Baldovi, Mike Pols, Shuxia Tao, Sofia Calero, Sergio Navalón, Iñigo J. Vitorica-Yrezabal, Antonio Rodríguez-Diéguez, Hermenegildo García, Patricia Horcajada, Yolanda Pérez
Lead halide perovskites are well known for their exceptional photophysical and electronic properties, which have placed them at the forefront of challenging optoelectronic applications and solar-to-fuel conversion. However, their air/water instability, combined with their toxicity, is still a critical problem that has slowed down their commercialization. In this sense, bismuth-based halide derivatives attract much interest as a potentially safer, air-stable alternative. Herein, a novel Bi-based perovskite-inspired material, IEF-19 (IEF stands for IMDEA Energy Framework), which contains a bulky aromatic cation (1,5-diammonium naphthalene), is prepared. Additionally, an N-alkylation strategy is successfully employed to achieve four water-stable perovskite-inspired materials, which contains diammonium naphthalene cations that are tetra-alkylated by methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl groups. Moreover, computational studies are performed to gain a deeper understanding of the intrinsic structural stability and affinity of water molecules for Bi-based perovskite-inspired materials. Importantly, the air- and water-stable IEF-19-Et (i.e., stable at least 12 months under ambient conditions and 3 weeks in contact with water) is found to be an active photocatalyst for vapor-phase overall water splitting in the absence of any sacrificial agent under both ultraviolet–visible or simulated sunlight irradiation. This material exhibits an estimated apparent quantum yield of 0.08% at 400 nm, partially explained by its adequate energy band level diagram.
{"title":"Improving the Water Resistance of Bi-Based Perovskite-Inspired Materials for Vapor-Phase Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting","authors":"Antonio J. Chacón-García, Herme G. Baldovi, Mike Pols, Shuxia Tao, Sofia Calero, Sergio Navalón, Iñigo J. Vitorica-Yrezabal, Antonio Rodríguez-Diéguez, Hermenegildo García, Patricia Horcajada, Yolanda Pérez","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400250","url":null,"abstract":"Lead halide perovskites are well known for their exceptional photophysical and electronic properties, which have placed them at the forefront of challenging optoelectronic applications and solar-to-fuel conversion. However, their air/water instability, combined with their toxicity, is still a critical problem that has slowed down their commercialization. In this sense, bismuth-based halide derivatives attract much interest as a potentially safer, air-stable alternative. Herein, a novel Bi-based perovskite-inspired material, IEF-19 (IEF stands for IMDEA Energy Framework), which contains a bulky aromatic cation (1,5-diammonium naphthalene), is prepared. Additionally, an <i>N</i>-alkylation strategy is successfully employed to achieve four water-stable perovskite-inspired materials, which contains diammonium naphthalene cations that are tetra-alkylated by methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl groups. Moreover, computational studies are performed to gain a deeper understanding of the intrinsic structural stability and affinity of water molecules for Bi-based perovskite-inspired materials. Importantly, the air- and water-stable IEF-19-Et (i.e., stable at least 12 months under ambient conditions and 3 weeks in contact with water) is found to be an active photocatalyst for vapor-phase overall water splitting in the absence of any sacrificial agent under both ultraviolet–visible or simulated sunlight irradiation. This material exhibits an estimated apparent quantum yield of 0.08% at 400 nm, partially explained by its adequate energy band level diagram.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141518366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xu Liu, Franka Gädeke, Manuel Hohgardt, Peter Jomo Walla
Research on high-efficiency photovoltaic (PV) technologies has consistently improved efficiencies. Yet, laboratory-developed PVs are often far from practical applications due to high material costs. Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) can solve this as they use luminophores to direct light from larger areas to little cell materials. However, simple LSCs have very high intrinsic reabsorption, escape cone, and other losses making their combination with high-efficiency PVs unviable. Therefore, systems composed of randomly oriented light-harvesting donor pools, transferring all excitons to a few light-redirecting acceptors aligned parallel to the PV with drastically reduced losses, have been developed (FunDiLight–LSCs). However, these proof-of-principle systems consisted of rather unstable organic molecules. Herein, a novel photostable FunDiLight–LSC based on nanodots as light-harvesting donors and on nanorods as light-redirecting acceptors is introduced. The energy transfer and funneling efficiency in these dots/rods LSCs exceed 90% with escape cone losses potentially below 8%. As the nanoparticles used for the novel LSC are much more stable, combinations of these nanostructured light-harvesting systems with high-efficiency PV will make applications of such photovoltaics in everyday applications significantly more feasible.
{"title":"Highly Efficient and Stable Luminescent Solar Concentrator Based on Light-Harvesting and Energy-Funneling Nanodot Pools Feeding Aligned, Light-Redirecting Nanorods","authors":"Xu Liu, Franka Gädeke, Manuel Hohgardt, Peter Jomo Walla","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400273","url":null,"abstract":"Research on high-efficiency photovoltaic (PV) technologies has consistently improved efficiencies. Yet, laboratory-developed PVs are often far from practical applications due to high material costs. Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) can solve this as they use luminophores to direct light from larger areas to little cell materials. However, simple LSCs have very high intrinsic reabsorption, escape cone, and other losses making their combination with high-efficiency PVs unviable. Therefore, systems composed of randomly oriented light-harvesting donor pools, transferring all excitons to a few light-redirecting acceptors aligned parallel to the PV with drastically reduced losses, have been developed (FunDiLight–LSCs). However, these proof-of-principle systems consisted of rather unstable organic molecules. Herein, a novel photostable FunDiLight–LSC based on nanodots as light-harvesting donors and on nanorods as light-redirecting acceptors is introduced. The energy transfer and funneling efficiency in these dots/rods LSCs exceed 90% with escape cone losses potentially below 8%. As the nanoparticles used for the novel LSC are much more stable, combinations of these nanostructured light-harvesting systems with high-efficiency PV will make applications of such photovoltaics in everyday applications significantly more feasible.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141508186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alex J. Lopez-Garcia, Gustavo Alvarez-Suarez, E. Ros, Pablo Ortega, C. Voz, J. Puigdollers, Alejandro Pérez Rodríguez
Transparent Photovoltaic (TPV) devices have the potential to revolutionize photovoltaic technology by enabling on‐site generation while minimizing visual impact. However, a major challenge in the development of TPV, as well as for many PV technologies, has been the open‐circuit voltage (Voc) deficit, which limits their efficiency. In this work, we report the development of wide‐bandgap inorganic‐based TPV devices with a focus on low‐cost, earth‐abundant, stable, and non‐toxic materials. The device structure consists of an ultrathin hydrogenated amorphous Silicon (a‐Si:H) absorber and metal‐oxide layers as selective contacts. We present a novel approach to significantly improve device performance, especially in Voc, by introducing molecular dipoles in the device electron‐transport‐layer (ETL). By incorporating polyethyleneimine (PEI) or poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) G1 and G2 dipoles, we significantly increased Voc (from 410 mV up to 638 mV) without sacrificing the Average Photopic Transmittance (APT) of the device, leading to a record efficiency for this particular approach in TPV. Measurements confirm excellent long‐term stability. This approach can potentially allow tuning the work function of the selective contacts enabling the use of low‐cost, earth abundant materials that are not optimized for a particular absorber. Furthermore, this solution circumvents the issue of low Voc by a simple interface treatment.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
{"title":"Enhanced Selective Contact Behavior in a‐Si:H/oxide Transparent PV Devices via Dipole Layer Integration","authors":"Alex J. Lopez-Garcia, Gustavo Alvarez-Suarez, E. Ros, Pablo Ortega, C. Voz, J. Puigdollers, Alejandro Pérez Rodríguez","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400276","url":null,"abstract":"Transparent Photovoltaic (TPV) devices have the potential to revolutionize photovoltaic technology by enabling on‐site generation while minimizing visual impact. However, a major challenge in the development of TPV, as well as for many PV technologies, has been the open‐circuit voltage (Voc) deficit, which limits their efficiency. In this work, we report the development of wide‐bandgap inorganic‐based TPV devices with a focus on low‐cost, earth‐abundant, stable, and non‐toxic materials. The device structure consists of an ultrathin hydrogenated amorphous Silicon (a‐Si:H) absorber and metal‐oxide layers as selective contacts. We present a novel approach to significantly improve device performance, especially in Voc, by introducing molecular dipoles in the device electron‐transport‐layer (ETL). By incorporating polyethyleneimine (PEI) or poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) G1 and G2 dipoles, we significantly increased Voc (from 410 mV up to 638 mV) without sacrificing the Average Photopic Transmittance (APT) of the device, leading to a record efficiency for this particular approach in TPV. Measurements confirm excellent long‐term stability. This approach can potentially allow tuning the work function of the selective contacts enabling the use of low‐cost, earth abundant materials that are not optimized for a particular absorber. Furthermore, this solution circumvents the issue of low Voc by a simple interface treatment.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141342785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：