Thermal Science and Engineering Progress最新文献

{"title":"Numerical simulation and cooling performance improvement on cooling system of two type motorcycles and its comprehensive thermal management test","authors":"Tan Libin ,&nbsp;Yuan Yuejin","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the growing demand for high-performance motorcycles, advanced thermal management systems have become critical for ensuring engine reliability and efficiency. This study aims to evaluate and optimize the thermal performance of motorcycle cooling systems through a combined approach of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and experimental validation. A series of CFD analyses were conducted to assess cooling system compatibility, optimize airflow pathways, and analyze temperature distributions across solid components. Key design improvements included increasing the radiator width by 15 mm or height by 19.5 mm, which enhanced heat transfer efficiency and maintained coolant inlet temperatures below the 100 ℃ target. Additionally, a horizontal grille design was introduced to direct airflow downward, addressing low cooling air velocity at the cylinder head. The surface average airflow velocity on the engine head increased from 0.74  m/s in the original configuration to 1.54  m/s in the modified configuration, representing an increase of 108 %. For Motorcycle B, an optimized radiator inlet design improved airflow uniformity and reduced airflow resistance. This was achieved by adding an airflow guide structure, a radiator shield with evenly distributed openings, and by reducing the air shielding area of the fan outlet, all of which contributed to better temperature control. The surface average airflow velocity of radiator core rises from the original 6.25 m/s to 7 m/s, the increment percentage is 12 %. Temperature simulation results demonstrated that the optimized ventilation design reduced the average surface temperature of the cylinder head by 34 ℃ in Motorcycle A, while Motorcycle B exhibited uniform temperature distribution, with maximum temperatures for the engine cylinder head cover, upper crankcase, and oil pan being 90 ℃, 152 ℃, and 90 ℃, respectively, and no extensive localized hot spots present. Thermal management validation tests confirmed strong agreement between simulated and measured temperature values, particularly for the exhaust muffler, verifying the reliability of the CFD model. The water-cooled motorcycle’s thermal management system proved effective, with controlled coolant temperatures and satisfactory thermal comfort for the rider. Thermal balance tests confirmed that Motorcycle A’s modified cooling system maintains all key engine component temperatures within acceptable limits, even under high-speed, high-ambient-temperature conditions. These findings provide a theoretical and methodological foundation for performance evaluation and optimization of thermal management systems in various motorcycle types.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 104413"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction notice to “Outdoor space VR design based on intelligent sensing and thermal radiation images: Application of artificial intelligence in design” [Thermal Sci. and Eng. Prog. 60 (2025) 103410]","authors":"Chengxin Li ,&nbsp;Manual Selvaraj Bexci ,&nbsp;Bin Gou","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104399","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 104399"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction notice to “Application of image processing based on thermal analysis and thermal performance prediction in precision manufacturing product design”. [Therm. Sci. Eng. Prog. 60 (2025) 103452]","authors":"Chengxin Li ,&nbsp;Manual Selvaraj Bexci ,&nbsp;Bin Gou","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104400","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 104400"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-throughput numerical exploration of preheating and sintering in electron beam powder bed fusion","authors":"Jonas Böhm,&nbsp;Matthias Markl,&nbsp;Carolin Körner","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion, the preheating step enables the processing of non-weldable materials by reducing thermal stresses. Additionally, the ongoing sintering creates a mechanically stable and conductive powder bed, preventing the formation of smoke and providing a beneficial basis for subsequent melting. The electron beam itself serves as an ideal heating device due to its high power and fast deflection velocities. The beam movement is typically performed according to the line order deflection pattern, with the aim of efficient, homogeneous and smoke-free heating and sintering. Given the multi-dimensionality of the parameters defining the preheating step and the deflection pattern, it is difficult to estimate the individual effects and dependencies, thus making it challenging to obtain the optimal setting.</div><div>In this study, this issue is addressed by employing a numerical high-throughput approach to systematically explore how individual variations within the multi-dimensional parameter space influence the target quantities temperature and sinter degree. A total number of over 6000 relevant parameter combinations are evaluated to gather a comprehensive overview of the individual effects of the quantities line length, line offset, line order, beam focus, velocity and power. The results are presented in feature maps, facilitating clear identification of relationships and particular influences. Given the high fraction that preheating can take of the total layer time, the acquired understanding will have a significant impact on the efficiency of the process and the parameter selection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 104405"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145747697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigation on melting and solidification in a novel bionic honeycomb-fin triple-tube latent heat storage unit with nanoparticle-enhanced PCM","authors":"Huayang Li ,&nbsp;Jianyong Yin ,&nbsp;Yongxue Zhang ,&nbsp;Yujie Yu ,&nbsp;Rui Huang ,&nbsp;Weihua Li ,&nbsp;Shijie Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Latent heat storage (LHS) is crucial for renewable energy utilization and thermal management; however, its performance is often limited by the low thermal conductivity of phase change materials (PCMs). This study numerically investigates the melting and solidification behavior of a bionic honeycomb-fin triple-tube LHS unit using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in ANSYS Fluent based on the enthalpy-porosity method. Three fin configurations (straight fins, Y-shaped fins, and bionic honeycomb fins) were compared to assess their thermodynamic performance. To further enhance thermal conduction, Al₂O₃ nanoparticles with volume fractions of 1.0 %, 3.0 %, and 5.0 % were incorporated into paraffin to form nano-enhanced PCMs (NEPCMs). Results show that the optimal bionic honeycomb-fin structure with a staggered internal-external layout (Case f) reduces the melting and solidification times by 45.0 % and 59.3 %, respectively, compared with the conventional straight-fin configuration (Case a). The average heat flux increases from 493.75 to 562.21 W/m² during melting and from 318.06 to 491.28 W/m² during solidification. Furthermore, the staggered layout (Case f) achieves an additional 3 % and 10 % reduction in melting and solidification times compared with the unidirectional honeycomb-fin arrangement (Case e). Incorporating nanoparticles at a 1.0 % volume fraction (Case f-1) further reduces melting and solidification durations by 15.9 % and 17.7 %, respectively, and enhances the average heat flux by 22.0 % and 20.3 % relative to the fin-only case (Case f). Overall, the combination of bionic fin structures with NEPCMs provides a promising approach for developing compact, high-efficiency latent heat storage systems with improved heat transfer performance and faster thermal response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 104403"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145691012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of ultrasonic frequency and power on PCM solidification: An experimental assessment","authors":"Müslüm Arıcı ,&nbsp;Muhammed Emirhan Yeler ,&nbsp;Çağatay Yıldız ,&nbsp;Ekrem Tunçbilek ,&nbsp;Amin Shahsavar","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present research focused on investigating the effects of ultrasonic field on the solidification process of PCM in a latent heat storage unit under varying frequency (<span><math><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>f</mi></msub></math></span> = 28 kHz and 40 kHz), power (<span><math><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>p</mi></msub></math></span> = 30 W, 39 W, and 48 W), heat transfer fluid inlet temperature (<span><math><msub><mi>T</mi><mrow><mi>HTF</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> = 10 °C, 20 °C, and 30 °C) and heat transfer flowrate (<span><math><msub><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>̇</mo></mover><mrow><mi>HTF</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> = 5 L/min, 6 L/min, and 7 L/min) values. A rectangular stainless-steel cavity with dimensions of 100 mm × 100 mm × 300 mm was used as a latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit. Temperature measurements were carried out using 16 T-type thermocouples over a 14-hour test period. Mass-averaged temperature (<span><math><msub><mi>T</mi><mrow><mi>mPCM</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>), liquid fraction (<span><math><msub><mi>φ</mi><mrow><mi>PCM</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>), and discharged energy (<span><math><msub><mi>Q</mi><mi>r</mi></msub></math></span>) values were computed, and the results were comparatively discussed for cases with and without ultrasonic field implementation. The findings demonstrated that the ultrasonic field negatively impacted the solidification process of PCM. In the absence of the ultrasonic field, i.e., reference case, 372.9 kJ of thermal energy was discharged. However, when <span><math><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>f</mi></msub></math></span> = 28 kHz with<span><math><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>p</mi></msub></math></span> = 48 W was applied, the energy release decreased to 281.9 kJ, corresponding to 24.40 %. Similarly, at a higher frequency (<span><math><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>f</mi></msub></math></span> = 40 kHz) with the same <span><math><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>p</mi></msub></math></span> (48 W), the thermal energy release further decreased to 204.2 kJ (45.24 %). Additionally, it was observed that increasing the <span><math><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>p</mi></msub></math></span> had a negative effect on the solidification process similar to that increasing the frequency. Lastly, <span><math><msub><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>̇</mo></mover><mrow><mi>HTF</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> was found to be the least effective parameter. In conclusion, this study revealed that the application of an ultrasonic field adversely affects the solidification behavior of PCM, leading to a reduction in the amount of energy discharged during the process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 104315"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid-solid coupling heat transfer analysis of aerospace polymer gear transmission system","authors":"Qinjie Lin ,&nbsp;Junfeng Wu ,&nbsp;Caichao Zhu ,&nbsp;Huaiju Liu ,&nbsp;Zehua Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aerospace polymer gear transmission systems operate at high speed and high temperature, where fluid–solid coupling heat transfer significantly impacts performance. This study proposes a long-term fluid–solid coupling heat transfer analysis method to address the timescale separation between flow and heat transfer processes. A numerical model of an aero-engine polymer accessory gearbox was established, considering component frictional heating, fluid viscous heating, and component motion. Results show fluid viscous heating is the primary driver of temperature rise, with maximum temperatures of 116 °C (gears), 118 °C (rolling bearings), and 122 °C (journal bearings), all below PEEK 450G’s glass transition temperature. Gear no-load power loss accounts for 84 % of the total 2.2 kW loss. This work provides a reliable reference for the design and optimization of aerospace polymer gear systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 104389"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145747698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental analysis on thermodynamic performance of clothes drying process under different fabric dynamic motion regimes in domestic tumble dryers","authors":"Xinchen Yu ,&nbsp;Hui Chen ,&nbsp;Yingwen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comprehensive energy and exergy analysis of a domestic tumble dryer to clarify its thermodynamic performance under different fabric motion regimes. Drying experiments were conducted at controlled drum rotation speeds to establish three distinct regimes: rolling (30 rpm), falling (45 rpm), and centrifuging (60 rpm). The performance was quantified using energy efficiency, energy utilization ratio, exergy efficiency, and exergy improvement potential. The falling regime demonstrated superior performance, requiring only 45.4 min and 2.3 kWh for drying 3 kg of textiles, with corresponding dryer and drying efficiencies of 53.1 % and 68.3 %, respectively. It also attained the highest average exergy efficiency for the drying process at 64.3 % and achieved the highest average EUR of 74.2 %, indicating superior utilization of the supplied energy. In contrast, the centrifuging regime was the least efficient, requiring 281.8 min and 12.0 kWh, with efficiencies of only 10.0 % and 12.4 %. Its exergy efficiency was the lowest (7.7 %), while its improvement potential was substantially higher (1751.8 kJ/h) than other regimes, highlighting significant inefficiencies and optimization opportunities. The findings conclusively demonstrate that optimizing fabric motion to promote complete dispersion, as exemplified by the falling regime, is a critical strategy for enhancing the overall energy and exergy efficiency of domestic tumble dryers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 104386"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fire spreading characteristics and prevention and control of courtyard-type ancient buildings","authors":"Yanni Zhang ,&nbsp;Luoxin Huang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Wen ,&nbsp;Yuchen Zhang ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The courtyard-type ancient buildings have complex layout and large flow of people, after the fire, the spread path is complicated and the heat transfer form is diverse. This study takes a courtyard-type ancient building complex as the research object to explore the impact of ventilation conditions on fire smoke spread, temperature field, concentration field, and velocity field. Research has shown that the spread pattern of fire smoke is as follows: near the fire source − longitudinal spread of the wall − horizontal spread of the roof − vertical settlement − spread along the eaves and corridors − building fires; when a fire occurs, the high-temperature airflow under various working conditions is mainly in the burning room and atrium, so the atrium is not suitable as a temporary shelter; the lateral spread of flames is the direct cause of flashover in buildings. The time for flashover to occur within a building is generally 5–10 min. Open rooms have a faster occurrence of flashover than closed rooms, but closed rooms have a higher risk of fire; the heat radiation received by the front and side facades of the burning building is positively correlated with the opening degree of the fire room. Finally, suggestions for fire prevention and personnel evacuation of courtyard-type ancient architectural complexes were proposed from both technical and management perspectives. The research results can provide scientific and effective theoretical basis for fire prediction and optimization of evacuation plans for the courtyard-type ancient architectural complex.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 104385"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145691011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From thermodynamics to sustainability: 4E analysis and parametric insights into solar-assisted organic Rankine cycle systems under resource constraints","authors":"Sarmad Rostami,&nbsp;Asma Fayazi,&nbsp;Mohammad Mahdi Asghari,&nbsp;Zahra Piryaei,&nbsp;Aslan Gholami","doi":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates three solar-driven Organic Rankine Cycle configurations integrated with a natural gas burner as auxiliary heat source. These configurations include (i) preheating of the heat transfer fluid before the solar collector, (ii) a regenerator for turbine waste heat recovery, and (iii) a cascaded dual-loop system. Dynamic hourly-based comparative simulations were performed in TRNSYS with thermodynamic properties evaluated in EES, and performance assessed through a comprehensive 4E framework with updated Chemical Engineering Plant Cost Index (CEPCI) normalized cost data and experimentally validated collector performance, ensuring realistic and reproducible results. Results show that the cascaded ORC offers the most favorable performance, with energy and exergy efficiencies of 10 % and 13.1 %, and the lowest levelized cost of electricity ($0.16/kWh) despite the highest net present cost. Environmentally, it avoids about 503 tons of CO₂-eq annually, equivalent to the carbon capture capacity of 46 ha of forest. Following the 4E evaluation, detailed parametric analysis was conducted to optimize energy, exergy, economic, and environmental performance and operation in resource-constrained regions. Parametric analysis identified the optimum collector area balancing efficiency, exergy destruction, and fuel savings, with oversizing causing diminishing returns and undersizing increasing natural gas dependence. For the ORC subsystem, n-Butane and isobutane were confirmed as the most suitable fluids with significantly lower Global Warming Potential (GWP) for the high- and low-temperature cycles, respectively. Moreover, it was shown that integrating the monetary value of avoided CO₂ emissions could shift system economics, make larger solar fields more attractive and align designs with long-term sustainable development goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23062,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Science and Engineering Progress","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 104379"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}