Thermal Science and Engineering Progress最新文献_第4页

Experimental study on fire spread rate, thermal radiation and temperature profile at Wildland-Urban Interface of pine needle material surface fires 松针材料地表火灾的蔓延速率、热辐射和温度分布试验研究

IF 5.4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104452

Xiang Fang , Yong Yang , Yajun Huang , Xiaochun Zhang , Fei Ren , Xin Li

This article uses a small-scale surface fire experimental platform to study the thermal radiation and temperature distribution in the boundary areas of forest towns of surface fires. Pine needle material was used as fuel and laid on a fuel bed with a length of 6.0 m and a width of 0.6 m, where laying width and thickness (load) of pine needle material could vary. Results show that: (1) The fire spread rate increases with the increase of fuel laying width and thickness. This is because an increase in fuel laying width and thickness could cause an increase in flame size (width, length), which in turn increases the thermal radiation on unburned fuel in front of the flame, accelerating the fire spread. A non-dimensional correlation was carried out for the fire spread rate of different laying widths and thicknesses, and a fire spread rate model was established based on heat transfer. (2) The radiation heat flux increases with the increase of fuel laying width, and the increase of fuel laying thickness. The closer the height is to the midpoint of flame height, the greater the radiation heat flux. A radiation heat flux model was established based on solid-state flame model. (3) The temperature in the vertical direction of boundary area increases with the increase of fuel laying width, and decreases with the increase of vertical height, and slightly increases with the increase of fuel laying load. A temperature profile model was established based on the analysis of fire heat transfer.

本文利用小型地表火灾实验平台，研究地表火灾对森林城镇边界区域的热辐射和温度分布的影响。使用松针材料作为燃料，铺设在长6.0 m，宽0.6 m的燃料床上，铺设宽度和松针材料的厚度（载荷）可以不同。结果表明：(1)随着燃料铺设宽度和厚度的增加，火势蔓延速度增大。这是因为燃料铺设宽度和厚度的增加会导致火焰尺寸（宽度、长度）的增加，这反过来又会增加火焰前方未燃烧燃料的热辐射，从而加速火焰的蔓延。对不同铺设宽度和厚度的火灾蔓延速率进行了无因次相关分析，建立了基于传热的火灾蔓延速率模型。(2)辐射热流密度随敷设宽度和敷设厚度的增加而增大。高度越接近火焰高度中点，辐射热流密度越大。在固体火焰模型的基础上，建立了辐射热流密度模型。(3)边界区垂直方向温度随敷设宽度的增加而升高，随垂直高度的增加而降低，随敷设负荷的增加而略有升高。在对火灾传热进行分析的基础上，建立了温度分布模型。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing the design of food packaging containing phase-change material using experimental and numerical approaches 用实验和数值方法优化含相变材料的食品包装设计

IF 5.4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104453

Hong-Minh Hoang , Anthony Delahaye , Joelle Rassy , Jean Eudes Maigret , Denis Lourdin , Somia Haouache , Isabelle Capron , Laurence Fournaison

Incorporating Phase Change Material (PCM) into food packaging can highly improve its performance of maintaining product temperature during temperature breaks. One of the primary challenges in using PCM is the risk of leakage, a problem that can be mitigated by encapsulation. An experimental set-up was developed to study the thermal behaviour of a PCM (tetradecane) encapsulated in bio-sourced starch films using sustainable chitin particles for Pickering-type stabilisation, and to compare it with the bulk configuration. The experimental results permit the validation of a thermal model for bulk PCM and microencapsulated PCM. The model was used to simulate variations in phase-change temperature. It was found that the optimal melting temperature range depends on both the ambient temperature and the threshold. The optimal melting temperature range is between 0 and 6 °C for a 4 °C threshold. The use of an air gap inside the food packaging improves the performance only slightly. Increasing the number of films enhances the stored energy while using PCMs at different phase change temperatures can offer high potential for maintaining product temperature. Unlike previous studies, this work proposed biobased stabilization solutions and combined experimental and modelling approaches to address various PCM configurations for food packaging design optimization.

在食品包装中加入相变材料（PCM），可以大大提高其在温度中断时保持产品温度的性能。使用PCM的主要挑战之一是泄漏的风险，这个问题可以通过封装来减轻。建立了一个实验装置来研究包裹在生物源淀粉薄膜中的PCM（十四烷）的热行为，使用可持续几丁质颗粒进行pickering型稳定，并将其与散装配置进行比较。实验结果验证了块状PCM和微封装PCM的热模型。该模型用于模拟相变温度的变化。结果表明，最佳熔化温度范围取决于环境温度和阈值。当阈值为4℃时，最佳熔化温度范围为0 ~ 6℃。在食品包装内使用气隙只能略微提高性能。增加薄膜的数量增加了储存的能量，而在不同的相变温度下使用pcm可以提供高的保持产品温度的潜力。与以往的研究不同，这项工作提出了生物基稳定解决方案，并结合实验和建模方法来解决食品包装设计优化的各种PCM配置。

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引用次数: 0

Falling film evaporation of ammonia on smooth and Low-Fin tube arrays 氨在光滑和低翅片管阵列上的降膜蒸发

IF 5.4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tsep.2026.104483

Jin Sub Kim , Wookyoung Kim , Hak Soo Kim , Young Kim

The heat transfer performance of a falling film evaporator using ammonia was thoroughly investigated by directly comparing it with submerged natural convection/pool boiling, focusing on the effect of tube position in a vertical tube arrangement. Falling film evaporation of ammonia in a vertical tube array was examined at saturation temperatures ranging from 10 to 30 ℃, comparing it with submerged natural convection/pool boiling under low heat flux conditions (0.5–18.2 kW/m²). Five stainless steel test tubes having an outer diameter of 15.87 mm were arranged vertically, with one submerged in liquid ammonia and the others exposed to falling film evaporation. Experimental results show that heat transfer coefficients (HTCs) in the falling film evaporation are up to 4.4 times higher than those in the submerged natural convection/pool boiling. The uppermost tube exhibited the lowest HTC among the film-evaporated tubes due to the formation of locally thick liquid films. Empirical correlations were developed to predict the HTC as a function of Reynolds number, Prandtl number, reduced pressure, and dimensionless heat flux, with a mean absolute percentage error of less than 11.1 %. The proposed correlations are applicable to the tested range of 10–30 °C and low heat flux (0.5–18.2 kW/m²). Enhanced low-fin tubes exhibited 10–30 % improved thermal performance over smooth tubes, particularly at higher saturation temperatures, though the performance gain was limited at low temperatures due to hindered liquid spreading by the fin structures. The findings highlight the critical role of tube arrangement, film flow characteristics, and enhanced surfaces in optimizing ammonia falling film evaporators for efficient and environmentally friendly heat pump applications.

通过与浸没式自然对流/池沸腾的直接比较，深入研究了氨降膜蒸发器的换热性能，重点研究了竖直管布置中管位置对降膜蒸发器换热性能的影响。在饱和温度为10 ~ 30℃的条件下，研究了垂直管阵列中氨的降膜蒸发，并与低热流密度条件下（0.5 ~ 18.2 kW/m2）的淹没自然对流/池沸腾进行了比较。五根外径15.87 mm的不锈钢试管垂直放置，一根浸泡在液氨中，另一根暴露在降膜蒸发中。实验结果表明，降膜蒸发换热系数比浸没式自然对流/池沸腾换热系数高4.4倍。由于局部形成较厚的液膜，最上面的管在膜蒸发管中表现出最低的HTC。建立了经验相关性来预测HTC作为雷诺数、普朗特数、减压和无因次热通量的函数，平均绝对百分比误差小于11.1%。所提出的相关性适用于10-30°C和低热流密度（0.5-18.2 kW/m2）的测试范围。与光滑管相比，增强型低翅片管的热性能提高了10 - 30%，特别是在较高的饱和温度下，尽管由于翅片结构阻碍了液体的扩散，在低温下性能的提高受到限制。研究结果强调了管道布置、膜流动特性和增强表面在优化氨降膜蒸发器方面的关键作用，以实现高效环保的热泵应用。

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引用次数: 0

Parametric study and design optimization of finned tube heat exchangers for enhanced indirect evaporative cooling 强化间接蒸发冷却翅片管换热器的参数化研究与设计优化

IF 5.4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tsep.2026.104481

Talha Bin Nadeem , Muhammad Imran , Adeel Arshad , Emad Tandis

This study presents a comprehensive computational analysis, parametric study and optimization of a finned-tube heat exchanger (FTHE) integrating with Multi-Directional Wind Tower (MDWT) in Indirect Evaporative Cooling (IEC) applications aimed at improving thermal performance while minimizing pressure drop (

Δ p

). A parametric investigation was conducted using validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to assess the effects of fin height (

h_{f}

), fin thickness (

t_{f}

), and fin spacing (

S_{f}

) on thermal performance and flow resistance. Key trends revealed that

S_{f}

influences the heat transfer coefficient (

h

) non-linearly, while

h_{f}

shows diminishing returns beyond a critical value.

t_{f}

had a minor effect on

Δ p

but improved fin efficiency (

η_{f}

), especially at higher Reynolds numbers (

Re

). A performance indicator was defined as the ratio of Nusselt number

(N u)

and Euler number

(E u)

to simultaneously enhance heat transfer and reduce flow resistance. A MATLAB-based optimization algorithm was then implemented to determine the configuration exhibiting the highest performance score. The optimal design was found to have a

h_{f}

of 4 mm,

t_{f}

of 1 mm, and

S_{f}

of 2 mm, achieving a

Nu

of 195.57,

Eu

of 4.48, and

Nu / E u

of 43.61. The optimized geometry design observed 88.32 % increment in

Nu

in comparison to the base case for model validation. Correlation models are developed for

Nu

and

Eu

using log–log linearization technique and achieved high accuracy of R² of 92.47 % and 96.58 %, respectively. It offers reliable predictions for future design efforts. The findings provide practical insights into integrating FTHE in IEC with balanced thermal and hydraulic performance.

本研究对间接蒸发冷却（IEC）应用中集成多向风塔（MDWT）的翅片管换热器（FTHE）进行了全面的计算分析、参数研究和优化，旨在提高热性能，同时最小化压降（Δp）。采用计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟进行参数化研究，以评估翅片高度（hf）、翅片厚度（tf）和翅片间距（Sf）对热性能和流动阻力的影响。关键趋势表明，Sf对传热系数(h)的影响是非线性的，而hf对传热系数(h)的影响在超过临界值后呈递减趋势。tf对Δp的影响较小，但提高了翅片效率（ηf），特别是在高雷诺数（Re）时。将努塞尔数（Nu）与欧拉数（Eu）之比定义为性能指标，以同时增强传热和降低流动阻力。然后实现了基于matlab的优化算法来确定显示最高性能分数的配置。优化设计的hf为4 mm， tf为1 mm， Sf为2 mm， Nu为195.57，Eu为4.48，Nu/Eu为43.61。优化后的几何设计与模型验证的基本情况相比，Nu增加了88.32%。利用对数-对数线性化技术建立了Nu和Eu的相关模型，R2精度分别为92.47%和96.58%。它为未来的设计工作提供了可靠的预测。研究结果为在IEC中集成具有平衡热工和水力性能的FTHE提供了实用的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental determination and finite element modeling of thermal conductivity in moist sand 湿砂土导热系数的实验测定与有限元模拟

IF 5.4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104472

Mete Öğüç

<div><div>The thermal conductivity of sand strongly depends on its moisture content, with wet or partially saturated sands typically exhibiting values above <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>W</mi><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>. Reliable estimates are important in geotechnical, civil, and energy engineering applications where sands act as natural or engineered heat-transfer media. In this work, laboratory experiments and finite element method (FEM) were combined to evaluate the effective conductivity of moist sand. Two buried-source configurations were tested: a U-shaped aluminum tube circulating hot water and a vertically embedded solid aluminum cylinder with internal resistance heating. The effective conductivity was back-calculated using classical conduction shape factors from the measured heat rates and temperature differences, and the same setups were reproduced numerically in two-dimensional steady-state finite element models. The U-tube analysis yielded values of 0.99–<span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>09</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>W</mi><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>, while the cylinder experiment gave 1.34–<span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>62</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>W</mi><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> depending on the assumed air-side heat transfer coefficient. Finite element predictions from two-dimensional steady-state surrogate models were consistent with the measured temperature levels at the monitored locations for <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span>–<span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>1</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>W</mi><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>, providing an internal cross-check of the inferred conductivity range. Together, the results indicate an effective conductivity of 1.0–<span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>W</mi><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>, broadly consistent with literature values and with the measured moisture contents. The study demonstrates that simple benchtop experiments, combined with shape-factor analysis and FEM, can provide practical conductivity estimates for porous media and serve as an instructive framework for conduction problems involving buried heat sources.</div></di

砂的导热系数很大程度上取决于其含水量，湿砂或部分饱和砂的典型值高于1Wm−1K−1。在岩土工程、土木工程和能源工程应用中，可靠的估计是很重要的，在这些应用中，砂作为天然或工程传热介质。本文采用室内试验和有限元法相结合的方法对湿砂土的有效导电性进行了评价。测试了两种埋源配置：u型铝管循环热水和垂直嵌入内阻加热的实心铝圆筒。根据测量的热率和温差，利用经典的传导形状因子反演了有效电导率，并在二维稳态有限元模型中数值再现了相同的设置。根据假设的空气侧传热系数，u型管实验的结果为0.99-1.09Wm−1K−1，而圆柱体实验的结果为1.34-1.62Wm−1K−1。二维稳态替代模型的有限元预测与k= 1.0-1.1Wm−1K−1的监测位置的测量温度水平一致，为推断的电导率范围提供了内部交叉检查。总之，结果表明，有效电导率为1.0-1.5Wm−1K−1，与文献值和测量的水分含量基本一致。研究表明，简单的台式实验，结合形状因子分析和FEM，可以提供实用的多孔介质电导率估计，并为涉及地埋热源的传导问题提供指导框架。

引用次数: 0

Numerical simulation on the influence of gravity on binary droplet evaporation under different conditions 不同条件下重力对二元液滴蒸发影响的数值模拟

IF 5.4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tsep.2026.104477

Xu-Ge Wang , Li Zhang , You-Rong Li

Droplet evaporation is a common physical phenomenon in daily life and industrial production. It is of great significance to understand its evaporation characteristics. This study employs the finite element method coupled with moving mesh technology to investigate the influence of gravity on the evaporation dynamics of ethanol–water binary mixture droplets (BMD) under different substrate temperatures and initial ethanol mass fractions. The results indicate that the evaporation rate of BMD is the slowest under zero-gravity condition and the fastest for the sessile droplet. The zero-gravity BMD exhibits a 27.6 % longer lifespan compared with the sessile BMD. As the substrate temperature increases, the lifespan difference between sessile and pendant BMDs becomes more pronounced. With the increasing initial ethanol mass fraction, the volume difference between sessile and pendant droplets decreases in the later stages. This research promotes a deeper understanding of the mass and heat transfer mechanisms in the evaporation process of BMD.

液滴蒸发是日常生活和工业生产中常见的物理现象。了解其蒸发特性具有重要意义。采用有限元法结合移动网格技术，研究了不同基质温度和初始乙醇质量分数下重力对乙醇-水二元混合物液滴蒸发动力学的影响。结果表明：零重力条件下BMD的蒸发速率最慢，无根液滴蒸发速率最快；与无根BMD相比，零重力BMD的寿命延长了27.6%。随着衬底温度的升高，固定式和悬垂式bmd之间的寿命差异变得更加明显。随着初始乙醇质量分数的增加，固滴和垂滴之间的体积差在后期减小。本研究促进了对BMD蒸发过程中传质传热机理的深入认识。

引用次数: 0

Application of ANSYS Fluent to the analysis of puffing/micro-explosion of composite droplets ANSYS Fluent在复合材料液滴膨化/微爆炸分析中的应用

IF 5.4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104471

Roman M. Fedorenko , Dmitrii V. Antonov , Pavel A. Strizhak , Oyuna Rybdylova , Sergei S. Sazhin

The results of incorporating two recently developed models of composite droplet puffing/micro-explosion in a customised version of ANSYS Fluent via UDFs (User-Defined Functions) are presented. Both models, assuming that a water subdroplet is located in the centre of a stationary spherical fuel droplet, apply analytical solutions to the temperature equation within the droplet. The first model, known as the analytical model, leads to the analytical expression for the distribution of temperature in the droplet, which is valid at all times until the onset of puffing/micro-explosion. The second model, known as the analytical–numerical model, leads to a similar expression, but this expression is valid only during a short timestep. It is implemented within a numerical code where the prediction of the model at the end of a timestep is used as the initial condition for the next timestep with updated values of thermophysical parameters. The customised ANSYS Fluent version with the new analytical–numerical model is verified by comparing its results with the predictions of the in-house code. The predictions of the latter code were earlier verified by comparing the predictions of the analytical–numerical model and those of the purely numerical model. Reasonably good agreement between predicted and observed (both in-house and published) times to puffing/micro-explosion is demonstrated, especially at small initial droplet radii and high temperatures.

本文介绍了通过用户定义函数（udf）将最近开发的两种复合液滴膨化/微爆炸模型集成到ANSYS Fluent定制版本中的结果。这两种模型都假设一个水滴位于静止的球形燃料液滴的中心，对液滴内的温度方程应用解析解。第一个模型称为解析模型，它得到液滴内温度分布的解析表达式，该表达式在膨化/微爆炸发生前的任何时候都有效。第二个模型，称为解析-数值模型，得出类似的表达式，但该表达式仅在短时间步长内有效。它是在数值代码中实现的，其中模型在时间步长结束时的预测用作下一个时间步长的初始条件，并更新热物理参数值。通过将其结果与内部代码的预测结果进行比较，验证了具有新解析数值模型的定制ANSYS Fluent版本。通过比较解析数值模型和纯数值模型的预测，较早地验证了后一种代码的预测。对于膨化/微爆炸，预测时间和观测时间（内部和公布的）之间的一致性相当好，特别是在小的初始液滴半径和高温下。

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引用次数: 0

Aging and thermal behavior of lithium-ion battery under high charging current cycling 锂离子电池在大充电电流循环下的老化与热行为

IF 5.4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104466

Jialong Liu , Longfei Zhou , Hui Zhang , Kun Zhao , Zhirong Wang

To investigate the aging and heat-generation mechanisms of lithium-ion batteries under high-rate charging, we performed cycle-life tests using five charging protocols: 2C CC, 3C CC, 4C CC, 4C CC–CV 15 min, and 4C CC–CV 60 %SOC. The data show that increasing the C-rate accelerates early capacity loss driven by irreversible lithium loss (LLI), active material loss (LAM), and rising contact resistance; however, once a robust SEI layer forms, lithium plating is suppressed and the rates of capacity fade and impedance growth partially stabilize. Under 2C CC cycling, impedance and capacity loss worsen continuously. At 3C CC and 4C CC, impedance and capacity degrade rapidly at first but then plateau or slow in the mid-to-late stages as the SEI stabilizes. In contrast, 4C CC–CV exhibits only mild LLI and LAM initially, but both accelerate more sharply thereafter, producing the fastest capacity fade; the 4C CC–CV 15 min protocol reaches end-of-life first. Joule heating and side-reaction heat jointly dominate total heat generation, and peak cell temperature rises with C-rate. Early in 4C CC–CV 15 min cycling, the battery attains its highest temperature, while at end-of-life under 4C CC–CV 60 %SOC it remains elevated. Higher C-rates also exacerbate cathode particle degradation and promote more byproduct formation: manganese dissolves from the cathode and deposits on the anode surface, and cobalt dissolution and deposition become more pronounced at high rates and SOC.

为了研究锂离子电池在高倍率充电下的老化和发热机制，我们使用5种充电协议进行了循环寿命测试：2C CC、3C CC、4C CC、4C CC - cv 15分钟和4C CC - cv 60% SOC。数据表明，c速率的增加加速了由不可逆锂损失（LLI）、活性材料损失（LAM）和接触电阻上升驱动的早期容量损失；然而，一旦形成坚固的SEI层，锂电镀就会受到抑制，容量速率会下降，阻抗增长也会部分稳定。在2C CC循环下，阻抗和容量损失持续恶化。在3C CC和4C CC时，阻抗和容量首先迅速下降，但随着SEI稳定，在中后期阶段趋于平稳或缓慢。相比之下，4C CC-CV最初仅表现出轻微的LLI和LAM，但之后两者都加速得更快，产生最快的容量衰减；4C CC-CV 15分钟协议首先到达寿命终止。焦耳加热和副反应热共同主导总发热量，电池峰值温度随c速率升高。在4C CC-CV循环15分钟的早期，电池达到其最高温度，而在4C CC-CV 60% SOC的寿命结束时，它仍然升高。较高的碳倍率也加剧了阴极颗粒的降解，并促进了更多副产物的形成：锰从阴极溶解并沉积在阳极表面，而钴的溶解和沉积在高碳倍率和SOC下变得更加明显。

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引用次数: 0

Multiphysics modeling of solid oxide steam electrolysis with varying support structures for green hydrogen production 绿色制氢中不同支撑结构固体氧化物蒸汽电解的多物理场建模

IF 5.4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104458

Santosh Kumar Singh, Amit Rai Dixit, Alok Kumar Das

Hydrogen is broadly recognized as a vital enabler of clean and sustainable energy systems. Among the available production technologies, solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC) offer superior efficiency for high temperature steam electrolysis. This study develops a comprehensive electrochemical-thermal (ECT) model of SOEC to evaluate the coupled effects of operational parameters (temperature, pressure, steam molar fraction) and structural characteristics (support type, porosity, and pore diameter) on electro-thermal performance and efficiency. The model is validated against experimental data for various types of supports, showing strong agreement across experimental conditions. Key findings reveal that increasing temperature reduces total potential by ∼ 150 mV and ohmic losses by over 20 %, while increasing steam molar fraction from 20 % to 80 % decreases total potential by ∼ 80 mV due to improved reactant availability. Optimizing microstructural parameters, such as increasing pore diameter from 1 µm to 4 µm reduces concentration overpotential by ∼ 35 mV. Thermal analysis shows a rise in heat input from 1244 W to 7460 W with increasing current density (1000–6000 A/m²), and support-specific differences in convective and radiative heat losses. Exergy analysis reveals that anode-supported configurations offer the highest exergetic efficiency (∼43 %), significantly outperforming electrolyte-supported cells (∼37 %). These results highlight pathways for thermally optimized, structurally efficient SOEC. Future work should address degradation, transient, and thermal recovery to enhance durability.

氢被广泛认为是清洁和可持续能源系统的重要推动者。在现有的生产技术中，固体氧化物电解电池（SOEC）为高温蒸汽电解提供了优越的效率。本研究建立了SOEC的综合电化学-热（ECT）模型，以评估操作参数（温度、压力、蒸汽摩尔分数）和结构特征（支撑类型、孔隙度和孔径）对电热性能和效率的耦合影响。该模型针对不同类型支架的实验数据进行了验证，在不同的实验条件下显示出很强的一致性。主要研究结果表明，温度升高可使总电位降低~ 150mv，欧姆损失降低20%以上，而蒸汽摩尔分数从20%增加到80%，由于反应物有效性的提高，总电位降低~ 80mv。优化微观结构参数，例如将孔径从1µm增加到4µm，可使浓度过电位降低约35 mV。热分析表明，随着电流密度（1000-6000 a /m2）的增加，热输入从1244 W增加到7460 W，对流热损失和辐射热损失也有所不同。火能分析表明，阳极支持的配置提供最高的火能效率（~ 43%），显著优于电解质支持的电池（~ 37%）。这些结果强调了热优化、结构高效的SOEC的途径。未来的工作应解决降解，瞬态和热恢复，以提高耐久性。

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引用次数: 0

Techno-economic-sessional assessment of geothermal-driven trilateral flash cycle with daytime radiative cooling 带日间辐射冷却的地热驱动三边闪蒸循环的技术经济会议评价

IF 5.4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Thermal Science and Engineering Progress

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tsep.2025.104461

Kumar Gautam , Jahar Sarkar , Pralay Maiti

Considering the operational intermittency and environmental issues (urban heat island effect), geothermal-driven power generation assisted with radiative cooling may be a sustainable solution in the future; however, there is a lack of research to date. Hence, this study presents a novel approach involving a geothermal-driven trilateral flash cycle integrated with a passive daytime radiative condenser. This research thoroughly evaluates the system’s energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, economic viability and operational sensitivity using three refrigerants (isopentane, R152a and R1233zd(E)), and adaptability across different climatic conditions. The proposed system is also compared with traditional air-cooled and water-cooled systems. The proposed system demonstrates a 19% increase in net power generation compared to air-cooled condensers and an 8% increase over water-cooled systems. However, the levelized cost of energy associated with the proposed system is roughly 15% higher than that of air-cooled systems and 19% higher than that of water-cooled systems. The present research highlights the benefits of tailoring the radiative condenser temperature and inlet source temperature, which collectively enhance both energy and exergy efficiencies. Furthermore, the seasonal analysis conducted at three selected geothermal sites indicates that Manikaran exhibited superior performance in January compared to the other locations in terms of energy efficiency and economic viability.

考虑到运行间歇性和环境问题（城市热岛效应），地热发电辅助辐射冷却在未来可能是一种可持续的解决方案；然而，迄今为止还缺乏相关研究。因此，本研究提出了一种涉及地热驱动的三边闪蒸循环与被动日间辐射冷凝器集成的新方法。本研究使用三种制冷剂（异戊烷、R152a和R1233zd(E)）全面评估了该系统的能源效率、能源效率、经济可行性和运行灵敏度，以及在不同气候条件下的适应性。并与传统的风冷系统和水冷系统进行了比较。与风冷式冷凝器相比，拟议系统的净发电量增加19%，比水冷式冷凝器增加8%。然而，与拟议系统相关的能源平准化成本大约比风冷系统高15%，比水冷系统高19%。目前的研究强调了裁剪辐射冷凝器温度和入口源温度的好处，它们共同提高了能量和火用效率。此外，在三个选定的地热地点进行的季节性分析表明，与其他地点相比，Manikaran在1月份的能源效率和经济可行性方面表现优异。

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