Тopicality. The growing needs of modern agricultural production require the search for new approaches and methods to increase crop productivity. Therefore, research and application of plant growth biostimulants in the form of liquid organomineral fertilizers are extremely relevant issues, alt-hough not yet adequately studied. Issues. Lack of detailed study of biostimulants, the application of which has an extremely low cost and relatively significant effect, causes the insufficient implementation of plant growth stimulants in the production process. Aim. To determine the level of winter wheat yield depending on the application of organomineral fertilizers HFAC-1 and HFAC-3 (Humic and Fulvic Acid Concentrate). Materials and methods. The research of organomineral fertilizers HFAC-1 and HFAC-3 was carried out in winter wheat fields of Slavna variety, sowing was performed in the optimal dates after sunflower and peas as predecessors. The soil of the experimental site is the full-profile low humus medium depth ordinary chernozem. The area of the accounting plot is 50 m2, the experiment is repli-cated 3 times. Results and conclusions. It was found that the highest average yield under the winter wheat cultivation after sunflower (4.06 t/ha) were obtained when crop was sprayed with HFAC-3 in combination with Abacus fungicide in the heading stage of plants, as well as when HFAC-3 was applied as foliar fertilizer in the end of the spring tillering stage, and later, plants were sprayed with HFAC-3 when the flag leaf was visible. These applications resulted in an increase in grain yield compared to the control by 0.33 t/ha. The liquid organomineral fertilizers positively influenced winter wheat was grown after peas, and also when seeds were dressed with these fertilizers. Key words: winter wheat, organomineral fertilizers, plant growth stimulants, predecessor, yield.
{"title":"Influence of organomineral fertilizers on winter wheat yield after non-fallow predecessors in the Steppe zone","authors":"M. Solodushko","doi":"10.31867/2523-4544/0211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0211","url":null,"abstract":"Тopicality. The growing needs of modern agricultural production require the search for new approaches and methods to increase crop productivity. Therefore, research and application of plant growth biostimulants in the form of liquid organomineral fertilizers are extremely relevant issues, alt-hough not yet adequately studied. Issues. Lack of detailed study of biostimulants, the application of which has an extremely low cost and relatively significant effect, causes the insufficient implementation of plant growth stimulants in the production process. Aim. To determine the level of winter wheat yield depending on the application of organomineral fertilizers HFAC-1 and HFAC-3 (Humic and Fulvic Acid Concentrate). Materials and methods. The research of organomineral fertilizers HFAC-1 and HFAC-3 was carried out in winter wheat fields of Slavna variety, sowing was performed in the optimal dates after sunflower and peas as predecessors. The soil of the experimental site is the full-profile low humus medium depth ordinary chernozem. The area of the accounting plot is 50 m2, the experiment is repli-cated 3 times. Results and conclusions. It was found that the highest average yield under the winter wheat cultivation after sunflower (4.06 t/ha) were obtained when crop was sprayed with HFAC-3 in combination with Abacus fungicide in the heading stage of plants, as well as when HFAC-3 was applied as foliar fertilizer in the end of the spring tillering stage, and later, plants were sprayed with HFAC-3 when the flag leaf was visible. These applications resulted in an increase in grain yield compared to the control by 0.33 t/ha. The liquid organomineral fertilizers positively influenced winter wheat was grown after peas, and also when seeds were dressed with these fertilizers. Key words: winter wheat, organomineral fertilizers, plant growth stimulants, predecessor, yield.","PeriodicalId":23071,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal Grain Crops","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74066078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Topicality. The seed stock creation and storage is a prerequisite in seed production of maize hybrids in order to provide sowing material in case of various adverse conditions (crop failure, natural disaster, etc.). Depending on the usage and the storage term, there are the insurance, reserve and breeding seed stocks. During storage, the seed germination may reduce; therefore, seed stock should be refreshed with seeds prepared for long-term storage. Issues. In order to prepare seeds for long-term storage, post-harvest processing aimed at forming longevity of hybrid corn seeds should be carried out. Thus, scientific and practical problem is the definition and optimization of technical and technological processes of the preparation of seeds for storage. Aim. To study the features of the formation of maize hybrid seed longevity, to establish methods and factors of post-harvest processing that ensure long-term storage and high seed quality. Materials and methods. In the experiments, we used maize hybrid seeds developed at the State Enterprise Institute of Grain Crops of NAAS. The moisture levels of the harvested seeds were different, and the seeds were processed for further long-term storage. When harvesting moisture is high, post-harvest processing includes different methods of drying, separation by fractional sieve and gravity methods, chemical treatment (seed dressing). Seeds were stored at different moisture content (7–8, 9–11, 12–14 %), in the different packages (paper, fabric, polyethylene), in the dressing and undressing state for 3–4 years. During storage, we have determined the laboratory germination by various methods, field germination, and the unity of sprout emergence. Results. We have established that the formation of longevity and seed quality of maize hybrids depend on features of harvesting and postharvest processing, such as harvest moisture, methods and temperature regimes of drying, sieve and gravity separation with the selection of various seed fractions, terms of chemical seed dressing. It was found that the laboratory seed germination indicator determined by cold test characterizes the economic suitability of maize hybrids for long-term storage. Conclusions. It was established that to obtain the high-quality seeds capable of long-term storage the following is recommended: to dry the cobs at humidity to temperature ratio of 31–36 % to 36–40 °C or 19–30 % to 40–44 °C; to grade seeds by sieving and gravity separator that to obtain two seed fractions, namely conditionally large and medium; to store undressed seed and carry out the dressing stocks immediately before sowing. Under long-term storage of untreated seeds, it is proposed to protect the seed against harmful objects with a combination of abiotic factors as low seed moisture content, cooling, limiting the oxygen access. When the maize hybrid seed with a moisture content of 9–11 % is hermetically packaged, it is guaranteed the storage period of the seed up to 3–5 years, so th
{"title":"Methods of post-harvest treatment of maize hybrids and their effect on the seed quality during long-term storage","authors":"M. Kirpa, N. S. Filipkova","doi":"10.31867/2523-4544/0207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0207","url":null,"abstract":"Topicality. The seed stock creation and storage is a prerequisite in seed production of maize hybrids in order to provide sowing material in case of various adverse conditions (crop failure, natural disaster, etc.). Depending on the usage and the storage term, there are the insurance, reserve and breeding seed stocks. During storage, the seed germination may reduce; therefore, seed stock should be refreshed with seeds prepared for long-term storage. Issues. In order to prepare seeds for long-term storage, post-harvest processing aimed at forming longevity of hybrid corn seeds should be carried out. Thus, scientific and practical problem is the definition and optimization of technical and technological processes of the preparation of seeds for storage. Aim. To study the features of the formation of maize hybrid seed longevity, to establish methods and factors of post-harvest processing that ensure long-term storage and high seed quality. Materials and methods. In the experiments, we used maize hybrid seeds developed at the State Enterprise Institute of Grain Crops of NAAS. The moisture levels of the harvested seeds were different, and the seeds were processed for further long-term storage. When harvesting moisture is high, post-harvest processing includes different methods of drying, separation by fractional sieve and gravity methods, chemical treatment (seed dressing). Seeds were stored at different moisture content (7–8, 9–11, 12–14 %), in the different packages (paper, fabric, polyethylene), in the dressing and undressing state for 3–4 years. During storage, we have determined the laboratory germination by various methods, field germination, and the unity of sprout emergence. Results. We have established that the formation of longevity and seed quality of maize hybrids depend on features of harvesting and postharvest processing, such as harvest moisture, methods and temperature regimes of drying, sieve and gravity separation with the selection of various seed fractions, terms of chemical seed dressing. It was found that the laboratory seed germination indicator determined by cold test characterizes the economic suitability of maize hybrids for long-term storage. Conclusions. It was established that to obtain the high-quality seeds capable of long-term storage the following is recommended: to dry the cobs at humidity to temperature ratio of 31–36 % to 36–40 °C or 19–30 % to 40–44 °C; to grade seeds by sieving and gravity separator that to obtain two seed fractions, namely conditionally large and medium; to store undressed seed and carry out the dressing stocks immediately before sowing. Under long-term storage of untreated seeds, it is proposed to protect the seed against harmful objects with a combination of abiotic factors as low seed moisture content, cooling, limiting the oxygen access. When the maize hybrid seed with a moisture content of 9–11 % is hermetically packaged, it is guaranteed the storage period of the seed up to 3–5 years, so th","PeriodicalId":23071,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal Grain Crops","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77894499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Topicality. Determination the complex influence of predecessors, sowing dates and mineral nutrition on the grain productivity of modern winter rye varieties is relevant, since it allows to more fully reveal the biological potential of plants and significantly increase the winter rye yield in the Steppe zone of Ukraine. Issues. Winter rye is an important and valuable crop. However, in recent years, due to significant climatic changes in the Steppe zone, research on the optimization of technological methods of its cultivation was practically not conducted. Thus, the current problem in crop production is to determine the complex influence of predecessors, sowing dates and fertilizers on the productivity formation of modern winter rye varieties in order to more fully use the biological potential of plants. This task has both practical and theoretical significance. Purpose. To study the peculiarities of the grain productivity formation of different winter rye varieties depending on the predecessors, sowing dates and the level of mineral nutrition in the soil and climatic conditions of the Northern Steppe. Materials and methods. During 2019–2021, we conducted the research on the basis of the Research Farm "Dnipro" of the State Enterprise Institute of Grain Crops of NAAS of Ukraine. The research was conducted in a four-factor field trial. Stoir and Pamiat Khudoierka varieties of winter rye were sown at different sowing dates: early (September 5–10), optimal (September 20–25) and late (October 5–10). The predecessors were spring barley and sunflower, level of mineral nutrition was different. Results. In the years of our studies, weather conditions were characterized by high variability compared to long-term average data. The distribution of precipitation by months and periods of the year was rather uneven. Winter rye yield formation occurs as a result of complex interaction of productivity elements. The research clearly traced the variability in the formation of the number of productive stems per unit area and grain weight per head in plants of different winter rye varieties under the influence of weather conditions, predecessors, sowing dates and level of mineral nutrition. Thus, the maximum number of productive stems of winter rye (520 pcs/m2) was obtained in the variant after spring barley with nitrogen fertilization when Stoir variety was sown on September 20–25. When this variety was sown on September 5–10, the number of productive stems decreased by 2.7 %, and by 11.9 % for sowing on October 5–10. A similar trend was also observed in areas where winter rye was grown after sunflower. According to the research results, it was established that plant dressing with nitrogen (N45) in early spring on freeze-thawed soil increased the winter rye grain yield after spring barley by 0.11–1.05 t/ha, after sunflower – by 1.15–1.43 t/ha compared to plots where fertilizers were not applied. Conclusions. It was found that the maximum number of productive stems per
{"title":"Features of grain productivity formation of winter rye (Secale cereal L.) depending on nitrogen fertilizers","authors":"Yu. V. Bezsusidnia","doi":"10.31867/2523-4544/0216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0216","url":null,"abstract":"Topicality. Determination the complex influence of predecessors, sowing dates and mineral nutrition on the grain productivity of modern winter rye varieties is relevant, since it allows to more fully reveal the biological potential of plants and significantly increase the winter rye yield in the Steppe zone of Ukraine. Issues. Winter rye is an important and valuable crop. However, in recent years, due to significant climatic changes in the Steppe zone, research on the optimization of technological methods of its cultivation was practically not conducted. Thus, the current problem in crop production is to determine the complex influence of predecessors, sowing dates and fertilizers on the productivity formation of modern winter rye varieties in order to more fully use the biological potential of plants. This task has both practical and theoretical significance. Purpose. To study the peculiarities of the grain productivity formation of different winter rye varieties depending on the predecessors, sowing dates and the level of mineral nutrition in the soil and climatic conditions of the Northern Steppe. Materials and methods. During 2019–2021, we conducted the research on the basis of the Research Farm \"Dnipro\" of the State Enterprise Institute of Grain Crops of NAAS of Ukraine. The research was conducted in a four-factor field trial. Stoir and Pamiat Khudoierka varieties of winter rye were sown at different sowing dates: early (September 5–10), optimal (September 20–25) and late (October 5–10). The predecessors were spring barley and sunflower, level of mineral nutrition was different. Results. In the years of our studies, weather conditions were characterized by high variability compared to long-term average data. The distribution of precipitation by months and periods of the year was rather uneven. Winter rye yield formation occurs as a result of complex interaction of productivity elements. The research clearly traced the variability in the formation of the number of productive stems per unit area and grain weight per head in plants of different winter rye varieties under the influence of weather conditions, predecessors, sowing dates and level of mineral nutrition. Thus, the maximum number of productive stems of winter rye (520 pcs/m2) was obtained in the variant after spring barley with nitrogen fertilization when Stoir variety was sown on September 20–25. When this variety was sown on September 5–10, the number of productive stems decreased by 2.7 %, and by 11.9 % for sowing on October 5–10. A similar trend was also observed in areas where winter rye was grown after sunflower. According to the research results, it was established that plant dressing with nitrogen (N45) in early spring on freeze-thawed soil increased the winter rye grain yield after spring barley by 0.11–1.05 t/ha, after sunflower – by 1.15–1.43 t/ha compared to plots where fertilizers were not applied. Conclusions. It was found that the maximum number of productive stems per ","PeriodicalId":23071,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal Grain Crops","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87422773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Tkalich, O. I. Tsyliurik, V. Kozechko, S. Shevchenko, N. Honchar, Yu. M. Rudakov
At the current weed infestation level of chernozem, it is almost impossible to grow sunflowers without the regulated use of the most effective herbicides with different action spectrum on weeds. It was established that tank mixtures of ethametsulfuron-methyl herbicides (750 g/kg) – 25 g/ha + aclonifen (600 g/l) – 1.2 l/ha + surfactant Trend 90 – 300 ml/ha and ethametsulfuron-methyl (750 g/kg) – 25 g/ha + aclonifen (600 g/l) – 1.5 l/ha + surfactant Trend 90 – 300 ml/ha provided the highest technical efficiency and the lowest air-dry mass of weeds in the oilseed agrocenosis. Their technical efficiency was 61.2–65.8%. Almost all variants of herbicide tank mixtures showed a high phytotoxic effect on green amaranth (Amarantus retroflexus L.) – 51-61%, common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) – 52–76%, field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) – 100%, yellow foxtail (Setaria pumila L.) was the less controlled – 21– 31%. The variants with the application of herbicide tank mixtures of ethametsulfuron-methyl (750 g/kg) – 25 g/ha + aclonifen (600 g/l) – 1.2 l/ha + surfactant Trend 90 – 300 ml/ha showed the highest indicators of the yield structure elements, here the 1000 seed weight was 73.1 g at a maximum basket diameter of 31.5 cm. These indicators were less in 1.2–1.7 times for other studied variants with the herbicide tank mixtures. When application of the tank mixtures of ethametsulfuron-methyl (750 g/kg) – 25 g/ha + aclonifen (600 g/l) – 1.2 l/ha + surfactant Trend 90 – 300 ml / ha and ethametsulfuron -methyl (750 g/kg) – 25 g/ha + aclonifen (600 g/l) – 1.5 l/ha + surfactant Trend 90 – 300 ml/ha, it was obtained the maximum yield of sunflower seeds 2.15 and 2.07 t/ha, respectively. Other variants with herbicides and their tank mixtures had significantly lower yield of sunflower seeds – by 23–27 %. Key words: sunflower, weeds, herbicides, tank mixes, yield, technical efficiency
{"title":"Technical efficiency of herbicide tank mixtures under sunflower cultivation in the northern Steppe of Ukraine","authors":"Y. Tkalich, O. I. Tsyliurik, V. Kozechko, S. Shevchenko, N. Honchar, Yu. M. Rudakov","doi":"10.31867/2523-4544/0196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0196","url":null,"abstract":"At the current weed infestation level of chernozem, it is almost impossible to grow sunflowers without the regulated use of the most effective herbicides with different action spectrum on weeds. It was established that tank mixtures of ethametsulfuron-methyl herbicides (750 g/kg) – 25 g/ha + aclonifen (600 g/l) – 1.2 l/ha + surfactant Trend 90 – 300 ml/ha and ethametsulfuron-methyl (750 g/kg) – 25 g/ha + aclonifen (600 g/l) – 1.5 l/ha + surfactant Trend 90 – 300 ml/ha provided the highest technical efficiency and the lowest air-dry mass of weeds in the oilseed agrocenosis. Their technical efficiency was 61.2–65.8%. Almost all variants of herbicide tank mixtures showed a high phytotoxic effect on green amaranth (Amarantus retroflexus L.) – 51-61%, common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) – 52–76%, field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) – 100%, yellow foxtail (Setaria pumila L.) was the less controlled – 21– 31%. The variants with the application of herbicide tank mixtures of ethametsulfuron-methyl (750 g/kg) – 25 g/ha + aclonifen (600 g/l) – 1.2 l/ha + surfactant Trend 90 – 300 ml/ha showed the highest indicators of the yield structure elements, here the 1000 seed weight was 73.1 g at a maximum basket diameter of 31.5 cm. These indicators were less in 1.2–1.7 times for other studied variants with the herbicide tank mixtures. When application of the tank mixtures of ethametsulfuron-methyl (750 g/kg) – 25 g/ha + aclonifen (600 g/l) – 1.2 l/ha + surfactant Trend 90 – 300 ml / ha and ethametsulfuron -methyl (750 g/kg) – 25 g/ha + aclonifen (600 g/l) – 1.5 l/ha + surfactant Trend 90 – 300 ml/ha, it was obtained the maximum yield of sunflower seeds 2.15 and 2.07 t/ha, respectively. Other variants with herbicides and their tank mixtures had significantly lower yield of sunflower seeds – by 23–27 %. Key words: sunflower, weeds, herbicides, tank mixes, yield, technical efficiency","PeriodicalId":23071,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal Grain Crops","volume":"681 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85018892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaroslav Zaplitnyi, H. Kozak, I. S. Mikuliak, M. I. Linskaia, T. Karp, N. A. Bodenko, Dmytrovych, Vasylivna, Mykuliak Ivan, Stepanovych, Linska Mariia, Ivanivna, Yaroslavivna, Anatoliivna
The research results of maize hybrids of different maturity groups (FAO 199–399) during 2018–2020 in the conditions of the South-Western part of the Forest- Steppe of Ukraine are presented. 54 domestic registered and perspective hybrids of selection of various research institutions of Ukraine (SE Institute of Grain Crops NAAS, Plant Production Institute named after V. Ya. Yuriev of NAAS, Selection and Genetics Institu-te – National Center for Seed Production and Variety Studying, National Research Center Institute of Agriculture of NAAS, Bukovynian State Agricultural Research Station of the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian Region of NAAS) were studied. The planting density of early ripening hybrids was 70, mid-early ripening – 60, mid-ripening – 50 thousand plants/ha. Plants were evaluated for uniformity, resistance to stem breakage below the productive ear, the damage degree by boil smut, resistance to root lodging and general condition were determined. All maize hybrids were characterized by high rating (8–9 points) on these traits. Over the years of research, the mid-early hybrids were more productive in the conditions of Bukovyna (9.06 t/ha), the mid-ripening hybrids - the least adapted to these conditions – (8.62 t/ha). The best samples with high grain yield and low grain moisture content at harvest were identified. On average for three years, DB Lada (9.64 t/ha) and DN Synevyr (9.43 t/ha) had the highest grain yield among the early-ripening hybrids, and DB Varta (10.81 t/ha), DB Khotyn (9.96 t/ha), and Kitsmanskyi 215 SV (9.61 t/ha) – among the middle-early one. It was found that DN Synevyr and DB Lada early-ripening hybrids and Kitsmanskyi 215 SV, DB Kho-tyn, DB Varta mid-early hybrids significantly exceeded the standards each year. In view of this, the hybrids of these maturity groups merit attention in the conditions of the South-Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Key words: hybrids, maize, selection, yield, harvesting moisture content, maturity group, lodging resistance.
{"title":"TESTING OF MAIZE HYBRIDS OF DIFFERENT MATURITY GROUPS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTH-WESTERN FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE","authors":"Yaroslav Zaplitnyi, H. Kozak, I. S. Mikuliak, M. I. Linskaia, T. Karp, N. A. Bodenko, Dmytrovych, Vasylivna, Mykuliak Ivan, Stepanovych, Linska Mariia, Ivanivna, Yaroslavivna, Anatoliivna","doi":"10.31867/2523-4544/0178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0178","url":null,"abstract":"The research results of maize hybrids of different maturity groups (FAO 199–399) during 2018–2020 in the conditions of the South-Western part of the Forest- Steppe of Ukraine are presented. 54 domestic registered and perspective hybrids of selection of various research institutions of Ukraine (SE Institute of Grain Crops NAAS, Plant Production Institute named after V. Ya. Yuriev of NAAS, Selection and Genetics Institu-te – National Center for Seed Production and Variety Studying, National Research Center Institute of Agriculture of NAAS, Bukovynian State Agricultural Research Station of the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian Region of NAAS) were studied. The planting density of early ripening hybrids was 70, mid-early ripening – 60, mid-ripening – 50 thousand plants/ha. Plants were evaluated for uniformity, resistance to stem breakage below the productive ear, the damage degree by boil smut, resistance to root lodging and general condition were determined. All maize hybrids were characterized by high rating (8–9 points) on these traits. Over the years of research, the mid-early hybrids were more productive in the conditions of Bukovyna (9.06 t/ha), the mid-ripening hybrids - the least adapted to these conditions – (8.62 t/ha). The best samples with high grain yield and low grain moisture content at harvest were identified. On average for three years, DB Lada (9.64 t/ha) and DN Synevyr (9.43 t/ha) had the highest grain yield among the early-ripening hybrids, and DB Varta (10.81 t/ha), DB Khotyn (9.96 t/ha), and Kitsmanskyi 215 SV (9.61 t/ha) – among the middle-early one. It was found that DN Synevyr and DB Lada early-ripening hybrids and Kitsmanskyi 215 SV, DB Kho-tyn, DB Varta mid-early hybrids significantly exceeded the standards each year. In view of this, the hybrids of these maturity groups merit attention in the conditions of the South-Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Key words: hybrids, maize, selection, yield, harvesting moisture content, maturity group, lodging resistance.","PeriodicalId":23071,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal Grain Crops","volume":"10 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78540360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research results of influence of non-fallow predecessors on growth, development and formation of productivity of winter rye plants in the northern Steppe of Ukraine are given. It was found that higher grain yields (6.55 t/ha) were formed due to sowing dates from 20 to 25 September of Stoir winter rye variety after spring barley. Sowing winter rye after sunflower significantly reduced morpho-physiological indicators of plants that resulted to decrease grain yield. The yield of more plastic Pamiat Khudoierka variety had did not exceed 4.63 t/ha. According to research, higher moisture reserves of 23.5 mm in a meter soil layer were after spring barley on the sowing date of winter rye. In addition, it was determined that the productive moisture soil reserves at the arresting growth season of winter rye plants in autumn depend on the predecessor: after spring barley the amount of agronomically valuable moisture in the 0–20 cm arable layer was 33.6 mm, after sunflower – 28.4 mm. Over the two years of research, it was found that the plant height of the high-yield Stoir variety at the beginning of the winter averaged 23.1 cm, and the number of shoots and nodal roots - 4.6 and 9.3 pcs/plant, respectively. It was established that predecessors and weather conditions significantly influence on the winter rye yield formation. Indicators of structural elements of yield show that stubble predecessor of spring barley dominates over sunflower, and provides better conditions for growth and development of winter rye plants. At the time of harvest, the winter rye spike length averaged 11.2 cm, the number of spikes and grains per the spike – 22.8 and 37.2 pcs, respectively. Key words: winter rye, variety, predecessors, moisture reserves, morpho-physiological parameters of plants, yield structure, yield.
{"title":"Influence of non-fallow predecessors on yield of winter rye (Secale cereale L.) in the northern Steppe of Ukraine","authors":"Yu. V. Bezsusidnia","doi":"10.31867/2523-4544/0195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0195","url":null,"abstract":"The research results of influence of non-fallow predecessors on growth, development and formation of productivity of winter rye plants in the northern Steppe of Ukraine are given. It was found that higher grain yields (6.55 t/ha) were formed due to sowing dates from 20 to 25 September of Stoir winter rye variety after spring barley. Sowing winter rye after sunflower significantly reduced morpho-physiological indicators of plants that resulted to decrease grain yield. The yield of more plastic Pamiat Khudoierka variety had did not exceed 4.63 t/ha. According to research, higher moisture reserves of 23.5 mm in a meter soil layer were after spring barley on the sowing date of winter rye. In addition, it was determined that the productive moisture soil reserves at the arresting growth season of winter rye plants in autumn depend on the predecessor: after spring barley the amount of agronomically valuable moisture in the 0–20 cm arable layer was 33.6 mm, after sunflower – 28.4 mm. Over the two years of research, it was found that the plant height of the high-yield Stoir variety at the beginning of the winter averaged 23.1 cm, and the number of shoots and nodal roots - 4.6 and 9.3 pcs/plant, respectively. It was established that predecessors and weather conditions significantly influence on the winter rye yield formation. Indicators of structural elements of yield show that stubble predecessor of spring barley dominates over sunflower, and provides better conditions for growth and development of winter rye plants. At the time of harvest, the winter rye spike length averaged 11.2 cm, the number of spikes and grains per the spike – 22.8 and 37.2 pcs, respectively. Key words: winter rye, variety, predecessors, moisture reserves, morpho-physiological parameters of plants, yield structure, yield.","PeriodicalId":23071,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal Grain Crops","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89064225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A currently important task for the evaluation of breeding samples at all stages of the sweet maize selection is to control the sugar content in the sweet maize grain of technical maturity. The methodical features of the sugar content determination in the sweet maize grain using the example of the inbred line CE401 and hybrid F2(CE401 × Chornosteblova) were investigated. We compared the content of total sugar, monosaccharides and disaccharides in the grain on the twenty-first day after self-pollination (21 DAP), on the day of sampling and after storage of the same ears at subzero temperature. It was found that after storage of ears for 4.5 months at a temperature of –12 0C, total sugar content in grain of CE401 increased by 97.7 % and reached 46.84 % by mass of absolutely dry matter (ADM), and for F2(CE401 × Chornosteblova) – by 61.7 % and reached 15.93 %. Accordingly, the contents of mono- and disaccharides as components of total sugar content increased, although this increase in F2 (CE401× Chornosteblova) was very uneven for individual ears. Intact grains of the CE401 line contained 2.55 times more monosaccharides and 2.27 times more disaccharides compared to the F2 hybrid (CE401 × Chornosteblova). After keeping the ears at –12 ºC for 4.5 months, the share of total sugar content in ADM of the CE401B line grain exceeded the similar value of the F2 hybrid (CE401 × Chornosteblova) by 2.94 times, monosaccharides by 3.54 times, and disaccharides by 2.54 times. The degree of such increase depends on the genotype of the initial breeding material. For the sweet maize selection, it is recommended to determine the total sugar content and its fractions on the day of sampling, and to refuse the common practice to store of grain samples at subzero temperature before analysis. Key words: Zea mays L., grain in technical maturity, total sugar content, mono- and disaccharide contents, determination procedure, grain storage under subzero temperature
{"title":"Methodical features of sugar content determination in sweet maize selection","authors":"T. Satarova, K. V. Denisyuk, O. E. Klimova","doi":"10.31867/2523-4544/0181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0181","url":null,"abstract":"A currently important task for the evaluation of breeding samples at all stages of the sweet maize selection is to control the sugar content in the sweet maize grain of technical maturity. The methodical features of the sugar content determination in the sweet maize grain using the example of the inbred line CE401 and hybrid F2(CE401 × Chornosteblova) were investigated. We compared the content of total sugar, monosaccharides and disaccharides in the grain on the twenty-first day after self-pollination (21 DAP), on the day of sampling and after storage of the same ears at subzero temperature. It was found that after storage of ears for 4.5 months at a temperature of –12 0C, total sugar content in grain of CE401 increased by 97.7 % and reached 46.84 % by mass of absolutely dry matter (ADM), and for F2(CE401 × Chornosteblova) – by 61.7 % and reached 15.93 %. Accordingly, the contents of mono- and disaccharides as components of total sugar content increased, although this increase in F2 (CE401× Chornosteblova) was very uneven for individual ears. Intact grains of the CE401 line contained 2.55 times more monosaccharides and 2.27 times more disaccharides compared to the F2 hybrid (CE401 × Chornosteblova). After keeping the ears at –12 ºC for 4.5 months, the share of total sugar content in ADM of the CE401B line grain exceeded the similar value of the F2 hybrid (CE401 × Chornosteblova) by 2.94 times, monosaccharides by 3.54 times, and disaccharides by 2.54 times. The degree of such increase depends on the genotype of the initial breeding material. For the sweet maize selection, it is recommended to determine the total sugar content and its fractions on the day of sampling, and to refuse the common practice to store of grain samples at subzero temperature before analysis. Key words: Zea mays L., grain in technical maturity, total sugar content, mono- and disaccharide contents, determination procedure, grain storage under subzero temperature","PeriodicalId":23071,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal Grain Crops","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85965530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For the implementation of productive potential of soybeans, it was presented an effective method of post-harvest residue destruction with the biologics in rice crop rotation. The research was conducted at the Institute of Rice of NAAS during 2016–2018. In autumn, post-harvest rice residues were treated with the Biocomplex-BTU Ecostern biodestructor (1l/ha) in combination with carbamide (concentrated amide water-soluble fertilizer) (30 kg/ha). The variant with the carbamide application (30 kg/ha) in autumn was a control. The application of the Biocomplex-BTU Ecostern biodestructor (1 l/ha) in combination with car-bamide increased the total number of pathogenic and saprotrophic fungi in the soil from 65.5 to 80.5 thou-sand/g of soil, or 22.9 %. Thus, the pathogenic microflora content in the studied variant was lower than in the control (carbamide application at rate of 30 kg/ha) by 21.8 %, and the number of saprotrophs increased 3.3 times. When Ecostern biodestructor and carbamide were combined for application, the number of antagonistic fungi doubled, while the number of toxin-forming fungi reduced by 9.4 %. Soybean yield at the combined application of Ecostern biodestructor and carbamide increased by 0.6 t/ha, or 17.9 % compared to the control (carbamide – 30 kg/ha). In addition, in this variant, the content of post-harvest rice residues in the soil at the soybean sowing was lower by 1.25 g/kg of soil, or 20.3 % compared to the control, which created favorable conditions for seed germination. It was observed that the yield increased due to the higher plant density and the number of beans per plant. Before harvesting, the soybean plant density due to the high field germination of seeds in the studied variant was 45 pcs/m2, which is 9.7 % more than the control (41 pcs/m2). The number of beans was 24 and 28 pcs/plant, and exceeded the control by 16.7 %; the thousand grain weight was 156.2 and 157.5 g which is more than the control by 0.8 %. Key words: post-harvest residues, microorganisms, fertilizers, soil, rice, soybeans, grain yield, thou-sand grains weight.
{"title":"Effectiveness of the biodestructor action on the decomposition of rice residues in soybean cultivation technology","authors":"V. Dudchenko, O. Markovska, O. Sydiakina","doi":"10.31867/2523-4544/0198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0198","url":null,"abstract":"For the implementation of productive potential of soybeans, it was presented an effective method of post-harvest residue destruction with the biologics in rice crop rotation. The research was conducted at the Institute of Rice of NAAS during 2016–2018. In autumn, post-harvest rice residues were treated with the Biocomplex-BTU Ecostern biodestructor (1l/ha) in combination with carbamide (concentrated amide water-soluble fertilizer) (30 kg/ha). The variant with the carbamide application (30 kg/ha) in autumn was a control. The application of the Biocomplex-BTU Ecostern biodestructor (1 l/ha) in combination with car-bamide increased the total number of pathogenic and saprotrophic fungi in the soil from 65.5 to 80.5 thou-sand/g of soil, or 22.9 %. Thus, the pathogenic microflora content in the studied variant was lower than in the control (carbamide application at rate of 30 kg/ha) by 21.8 %, and the number of saprotrophs increased 3.3 times. When Ecostern biodestructor and carbamide were combined for application, the number of antagonistic fungi doubled, while the number of toxin-forming fungi reduced by 9.4 %. Soybean yield at the combined application of Ecostern biodestructor and carbamide increased by 0.6 t/ha, or 17.9 % compared to the control (carbamide – 30 kg/ha). In addition, in this variant, the content of post-harvest rice residues in the soil at the soybean sowing was lower by 1.25 g/kg of soil, or 20.3 % compared to the control, which created favorable conditions for seed germination. It was observed that the yield increased due to the higher plant density and the number of beans per plant. Before harvesting, the soybean plant density due to the high field germination of seeds in the studied variant was 45 pcs/m2, which is 9.7 % more than the control (41 pcs/m2). The number of beans was 24 and 28 pcs/plant, and exceeded the control by 16.7 %; the thousand grain weight was 156.2 and 157.5 g which is more than the control by 0.8 %. Key words: post-harvest residues, microorganisms, fertilizers, soil, rice, soybeans, grain yield, thou-sand grains weight.","PeriodicalId":23071,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal Grain Crops","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90882717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research results of influence of the planting density, fertilization and soil type on the productivity of the energy willow in the conditions of Western Polissia are presented. On average over five years of research in the cultivation of energy willow it was found that the highest yield of dry biomass 102.9 t/ha was obtained on dark gray light loamy soil with a planting density of 20 thousand pcs/ha and fertilizer application at the rate of N60 P200 K200. The lowest yield of dry biomass was at planting density of energy willow of 10 thousand pcs/ha in the variant without fertilizers on dark gray light loamy soil and sod-podzolic cohesive sandy soil – 49.1 and 26.9 t/ha, respectively. The mineral fertilizer application with rate of N60 P100 K100 ensured an increase in the yield of dry biomass by 13.5 and 7.5 t/ha depending on the type of soil. The increase of phosphorus and potash fertilizers rate to 200 kg a.i./ha contributed to an increase in dry mass up to 23.6 and 13.0 t/ha compared to the variant without fertilizers. A similar result was obtained on sod-podzolic cohesive-sandy soil. The lowest indicators were in the variant without fertilizers at the planting density of 10 thousand pcs/ha – 26.9 t/ha, 15 thousand pcs/ha – 30.2 t/ha and 20 thousand рcs/ha – 35.6 t/ha dry biomass. The application of mineral fertilizers with rate of N60P100K100 for all planting densities increased the dry biomass yield to 34.4; 38.5; 45.3 t/ha, respectively. Increase of phosphorus and potash fertilizers rate up to 200 kg a.i./ha against the background of N60 contributed to an increase of energy willow yield up to 39.9 t/ha (with a planting density of 10 thousand pcs/ha), 44.1 t/ha (15 thousand pcs/ha) and 52.3 t/ha (20 thousand pcs/ha) of dry biomass. On average for five years, the application of fertilizer with N60P200K200 rate on dark gray light loamy soil, and at planting density of 20 thousand pcs/ha provided the highest yield of solid biofuel from energy willow of 22.7 t/ha and energy of 363 GJ/ha, while on sod-podzolic cohesive-sandy soil under the same growing conditions the yield of solid biofuel from willow was less by 11.1 t/ha and energy of 178 GJ/ha. Keywords: energy willow, dry biomass, solid biofuels, energy, soil.
{"title":"Growing energy willow in the conditions of Western Polissia","authors":"Y. S. Furmanets, M. Furmanets","doi":"10.31867/2523-4544/0193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0193","url":null,"abstract":"The research results of influence of the planting density, fertilization and soil type on the productivity of the energy willow in the conditions of Western Polissia are presented. On average over five years of research in the cultivation of energy willow it was found that the highest yield of dry biomass 102.9 t/ha was obtained on dark gray light loamy soil with a planting density of 20 thousand pcs/ha and fertilizer application at the rate of N60 P200 K200. The lowest yield of dry biomass was at planting density of energy willow of 10 thousand pcs/ha in the variant without fertilizers on dark gray light loamy soil and sod-podzolic cohesive sandy soil – 49.1 and 26.9 t/ha, respectively. The mineral fertilizer application with rate of N60 P100 K100 ensured an increase in the yield of dry biomass by 13.5 and 7.5 t/ha depending on the type of soil. The increase of phosphorus and potash fertilizers rate to 200 kg a.i./ha contributed to an increase in dry mass up to 23.6 and 13.0 t/ha compared to the variant without fertilizers. A similar result was obtained on sod-podzolic cohesive-sandy soil. The lowest indicators were in the variant without fertilizers at the planting density of 10 thousand pcs/ha – 26.9 t/ha, 15 thousand pcs/ha – 30.2 t/ha and 20 thousand рcs/ha – 35.6 t/ha dry biomass. The application of mineral fertilizers with rate of N60P100K100 for all planting densities increased the dry biomass yield to 34.4; 38.5; 45.3 t/ha, respectively. Increase of phosphorus and potash fertilizers rate up to 200 kg a.i./ha against the background of N60 contributed to an increase of energy willow yield up to 39.9 t/ha (with a planting density of 10 thousand pcs/ha), 44.1 t/ha (15 thousand pcs/ha) and 52.3 t/ha (20 thousand pcs/ha) of dry biomass. On average for five years, the application of fertilizer with N60P200K200 rate on dark gray light loamy soil, and at planting density of 20 thousand pcs/ha provided the highest yield of solid biofuel from energy willow of 22.7 t/ha and energy of 363 GJ/ha, while on sod-podzolic cohesive-sandy soil under the same growing conditions the yield of solid biofuel from willow was less by 11.1 t/ha and energy of 178 GJ/ha. Keywords: energy willow, dry biomass, solid biofuels, energy, soil.","PeriodicalId":23071,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal Grain Crops","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87890713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The peculiarities of influence of tillage and fertilization systems with use of by-products on the winter wheat productivity were established by research, which was conducted on dark gray podzolic soil the in a four-field short-term crop rotation (winter rape - winter wheat – maize – spring barley). We studied three tillage systems (nonmoldboard plowing to 20–22 cm, shallow tillage to 10–12 cm, and surface tillage to 6–8 cm) and fertilization system with the use of crop by-products on the background of mineral fertilizers N128P90K120 kg/ha of crop rotation area. The highest plant productivity was formed by moldboard plowing to 20–22 cm and shallow tillage to 10–12 cm in fertilization variants with straw and straw + Ecostern destructor, in this case, the thousand grain weight was 47.1 and 47.9 and 46.4 and 47.0 g, the of grain weight per spike – 2.1 and 2.2 and 1.9 and 2.0 g. And lowest plant productivity was under surface tillage to 6–8 cm and various fertilization systems, where the thousand grain weight was 45.2–45.6 g, and the grain weight per spike 1.8–1.9 g. At moldboard and non-moldboard plowing to 10–12 cm and using straw + destructor, it was observed that an gluten content in winter wheat grain increased to 23.5 and 22.7 %, and protein content – to 12.9–11.7 % compared to with surface tillage, where these figures were 21.5 and 9.5 %, respectively. It was found that the moldboard plowing to 20–22 cm and shallow tillage to 10–12 cm was effective at winter wheat cultivation, which formed a higher grain yield – 6.80 and 6.32 t/ha. It was clarified that surface tillage to 6–8 cm caused a decrease in grain yield by 1.45 t/ha compared to the moldboard plowing. On average, over the research years, there was an increase in yield by 0.36 and 0.45 t/ha due to the use of straw as a fertilizer separately and in combination with the Ecostern destructor. By comparison, in the variant without straw, the yield was 5.89 t/ha on average by a factor. Consequently, we established that for winter wheat cultivation in the Western Polissia of Ukraine, it is expedient to carry out the moldboard plowing to 20–22 cm and the non-moldboard plowing to 10–12 cm and to use fertilization system with straw + Ecostern destructor + N 10 kg (ammonium nitrate) per 1 ton of straw. Key words: winter wheat, tillage, fertilizers, yield, destructor.
{"title":"Influence of tillage and fertilization systems with by-products use on the winter wheat productivity in Western Polissia of Ukraine","authors":"M. Furmanets, Y. S. Furmanets","doi":"10.31867/2523-4544/0197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0197","url":null,"abstract":"The peculiarities of influence of tillage and fertilization systems with use of by-products on the winter wheat productivity were established by research, which was conducted on dark gray podzolic soil the in a four-field short-term crop rotation (winter rape - winter wheat – maize – spring barley). We studied three tillage systems (nonmoldboard plowing to 20–22 cm, shallow tillage to 10–12 cm, and surface tillage to 6–8 cm) and fertilization system with the use of crop by-products on the background of mineral fertilizers N128P90K120 kg/ha of crop rotation area. The highest plant productivity was formed by moldboard plowing to 20–22 cm and shallow tillage to 10–12 cm in fertilization variants with straw and straw + Ecostern destructor, in this case, the thousand grain weight was 47.1 and 47.9 and 46.4 and 47.0 g, the of grain weight per spike – 2.1 and 2.2 and 1.9 and 2.0 g. And lowest plant productivity was under surface tillage to 6–8 cm and various fertilization systems, where the thousand grain weight was 45.2–45.6 g, and the grain weight per spike 1.8–1.9 g. At moldboard and non-moldboard plowing to 10–12 cm and using straw + destructor, it was observed that an gluten content in winter wheat grain increased to 23.5 and 22.7 %, and protein content – to 12.9–11.7 % compared to with surface tillage, where these figures were 21.5 and 9.5 %, respectively. It was found that the moldboard plowing to 20–22 cm and shallow tillage to 10–12 cm was effective at winter wheat cultivation, which formed a higher grain yield – 6.80 and 6.32 t/ha. It was clarified that surface tillage to 6–8 cm caused a decrease in grain yield by 1.45 t/ha compared to the moldboard plowing. On average, over the research years, there was an increase in yield by 0.36 and 0.45 t/ha due to the use of straw as a fertilizer separately and in combination with the Ecostern destructor. By comparison, in the variant without straw, the yield was 5.89 t/ha on average by a factor. Consequently, we established that for winter wheat cultivation in the Western Polissia of Ukraine, it is expedient to carry out the moldboard plowing to 20–22 cm and the non-moldboard plowing to 10–12 cm and to use fertilization system with straw + Ecostern destructor + N 10 kg (ammonium nitrate) per 1 ton of straw. Key words: winter wheat, tillage, fertilizers, yield, destructor.","PeriodicalId":23071,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal Grain Crops","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89664692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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