Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598365
Xu Wang
In this paper, the recent progresses in optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) are reviewed including WDM/OCDMA system, high capacity multi-user field trials, and new coding techniques.
{"title":"Recent progresses in OCDMA","authors":"Xu Wang","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598365","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the recent progresses in optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) are reviewed including WDM/OCDMA system, high capacity multi-user field trials, and new coding techniques.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123300785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598629
T. Zami, A. Morea, F. Leplingard, N. Brogard, D. Bayart, S. Bigo, J. Faure
Reconfigurable transparent networks are now a reality in the core layer thanks to the implementation of innovative transmission and wavelength routing sub-systems. Transparency on a large scale opens up new perspectives in terms of scalability and flexibility. There are numerous promising technologies to achieve that goal but it is likely that only few of them will really prevail in the field. For instance, the compliance with the already installed transmission infrastructures or the power consumption consideration may prevent a technology from appearing in a real optical network. This paper presents some of our current research directions that exhibit a high potential to meet the market requirements for the future dynamic transparent core networks.
{"title":"Driving technologies addressing the future dynamic transparent core networks","authors":"T. Zami, A. Morea, F. Leplingard, N. Brogard, D. Bayart, S. Bigo, J. Faure","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598629","url":null,"abstract":"Reconfigurable transparent networks are now a reality in the core layer thanks to the implementation of innovative transmission and wavelength routing sub-systems. Transparency on a large scale opens up new perspectives in terms of scalability and flexibility. There are numerous promising technologies to achieve that goal but it is likely that only few of them will really prevail in the field. For instance, the compliance with the already installed transmission infrastructures or the power consumption consideration may prevent a technology from appearing in a real optical network. This paper presents some of our current research directions that exhibit a high potential to meet the market requirements for the future dynamic transparent core networks.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123734235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598620
G. Calò, A. D’orazio, M. De Sario, V. Marrocco, L. Mescia, V. Petruzzelli, F. Prudenzano, M. Vincenti
In this paper the design of an active InP-based buried waveguide is proposed in order to realize the amplification of the electric field at a specific operation wavelength. The waveguide includes Bragg mirrors, designed to operate in the third telecommunication window, which confine a mode, tuned at the band edge wavelength, inside the active region. The analysis of gain and its saturation effects occurring when high values of current are injected in the structure is performed; the variation of number of periods considered in the Bragg mirrors and the length of defect deeply affect the behaviour of the gain. The analysis has been developed using proprietary codes, based on MoL-BBPM, introducing rate equations which take into account the energy phenomena linked to the presence of the active region.
{"title":"Effect of gain saturation in InP-photonic band gap active waveguides","authors":"G. Calò, A. D’orazio, M. De Sario, V. Marrocco, L. Mescia, V. Petruzzelli, F. Prudenzano, M. Vincenti","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598620","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the design of an active InP-based buried waveguide is proposed in order to realize the amplification of the electric field at a specific operation wavelength. The waveguide includes Bragg mirrors, designed to operate in the third telecommunication window, which confine a mode, tuned at the band edge wavelength, inside the active region. The analysis of gain and its saturation effects occurring when high values of current are injected in the structure is performed; the variation of number of periods considered in the Bragg mirrors and the length of defect deeply affect the behaviour of the gain. The analysis has been developed using proprietary codes, based on MoL-BBPM, introducing rate equations which take into account the energy phenomena linked to the presence of the active region.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123756579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598359
Z. Rosberg, D. Ostry
With current optical switches, an entire wavelength is switched from a source node to a single destination node, thereby precluding fractional wavelength allocation. This shortcoming results in (i) requiring at least N(N-1) wavelengths for complete connectivity of a network with N end nodes; (ii) inability to aggregate/separate traffic in the core nodes; and (iii) a mismatch in connecting subnetworks of different capacities. A recently proposed time-driven optical switch based on a universal time clock (UTC) demonstrates synchronized time frame switching of a given wavelength without processing the frame content. A question that arises then, is how to allocate the time frames of a given wavelength amongst the N destinations so as to meet the required offered load and to minimize the mean delay and buffer size at each source end node. We propose and analyze a fractional wavelength circuit switching scheme based on the uniformity properties of the golden ratio and demonstrate its performance for Poisson and Norros long-range-dependent traffic.
{"title":"Fractional wavelength OCS based on the golden ratio","authors":"Z. Rosberg, D. Ostry","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598359","url":null,"abstract":"With current optical switches, an entire wavelength is switched from a source node to a single destination node, thereby precluding fractional wavelength allocation. This shortcoming results in (i) requiring at least N(N-1) wavelengths for complete connectivity of a network with N end nodes; (ii) inability to aggregate/separate traffic in the core nodes; and (iii) a mismatch in connecting subnetworks of different capacities. A recently proposed time-driven optical switch based on a universal time clock (UTC) demonstrates synchronized time frame switching of a given wavelength without processing the frame content. A question that arises then, is how to allocate the time frames of a given wavelength amongst the N destinations so as to meet the required offered load and to minimize the mean delay and buffer size at each source end node. We propose and analyze a fractional wavelength circuit switching scheme based on the uniformity properties of the golden ratio and demonstrate its performance for Poisson and Norros long-range-dependent traffic.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"746 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126936240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598666
N. Naas, H. Mouftah
With the advances in the optical signal processing, extending the optical reach beyond thousands of kilometers becomes a reality, but the debatable question remains: how far the optical reach needs to be extended in order to achieve a minimal transport network cost. In this paper, we investigate the issue of determining the best optical reach in the domain of the GMPLS-based long-haul transport network. To conduct this investigation, we use heuristic approaches which we have previously developed to plan large-scale GMPLS-based transport networks with conversion and regeneration capabilities. Our investigation proceeds into two directions. First is deciding the best optical reach without the consideration of the optical reach customization. The second direction is deciding the best reach with customizing the optical reach of all-optical paths.
{"title":"Towards deciding the optimum optical reach for GMPLS-based long-haul transport networks","authors":"N. Naas, H. Mouftah","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598666","url":null,"abstract":"With the advances in the optical signal processing, extending the optical reach beyond thousands of kilometers becomes a reality, but the debatable question remains: how far the optical reach needs to be extended in order to achieve a minimal transport network cost. In this paper, we investigate the issue of determining the best optical reach in the domain of the GMPLS-based long-haul transport network. To conduct this investigation, we use heuristic approaches which we have previously developed to plan large-scale GMPLS-based transport networks with conversion and regeneration capabilities. Our investigation proceeds into two directions. First is deciding the best optical reach without the consideration of the optical reach customization. The second direction is deciding the best reach with customizing the optical reach of all-optical paths.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122392258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598794
L. H. Bonani, F. R. Barbosa, R. Arthur, E. Moschim
In this paper we approach the problem of delay in Optical Packet/Burst Switched Networks (OPSN). Based in a specific proposal of architecture for these networks, where we have electronic buffers out of the optical layer, we analyze the average delay as function of the network operation, showing that mesh networks with larger number of nodes and the increasing of electronic buffers storage capacity must be avoided, since in these conditions we have the increasing of packets delay due to the increasing of distance paths and to the storage time. However, with the proposed architecture for OPSN the impact of these parameters are minimal.
{"title":"Impact of delay in performance of Optical Packet/Burst Switched Mesh Networks","authors":"L. H. Bonani, F. R. Barbosa, R. Arthur, E. Moschim","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598794","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we approach the problem of delay in Optical Packet/Burst Switched Networks (OPSN). Based in a specific proposal of architecture for these networks, where we have electronic buffers out of the optical layer, we analyze the average delay as function of the network operation, showing that mesh networks with larger number of nodes and the increasing of electronic buffers storage capacity must be avoided, since in these conditions we have the increasing of packets delay due to the increasing of distance paths and to the storage time. However, with the proposed architecture for OPSN the impact of these parameters are minimal.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114154668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598606
Mauro Pereira, J. Cockburn
In this review current challenges for intersubband quantum cascade laser development are summarized as well as recent theoretical results, which indicate the importance of a global treatment of scattering and correlation microscopic mechanisms underlying the operation of those devices.
{"title":"Current challenges for the development of efficient short wavelength mid infrared quantum cascade lasers","authors":"Mauro Pereira, J. Cockburn","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598606","url":null,"abstract":"In this review current challenges for intersubband quantum cascade laser development are summarized as well as recent theoretical results, which indicate the importance of a global treatment of scattering and correlation microscopic mechanisms underlying the operation of those devices.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114487310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598367
D. Mello, E. S. Rosa, F. García, H. Waldman
Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs) are cost-sensitive environments. Such networks carry a large number of channels over short distances. Another key aspect is the ability to add or drop channels at each node. This scenario imposes the challenge of deploying cost-effective transceivers which are robust to strong linear filtering from several (reconfigurable) optical add-drop multiplexers (OADMs). Binary modulation formats are generally preferred in terms of cost, but are vulnerable to linear filtering due to their broad spectral content. Among all binary modulation formats with non-coherent detection, differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) exhibits the highest tolerance to noise. This paper investigates the potential use of DPSK combined with joint-decision maximum likelihood sequence estimation (JD-MLSE) in MANs. The performance of this alternative is evaluated in networks subject to strong optical filtering and residual dispersion. The results indicate that the relatively high noise-tolerance of DPSK is maintained in networks with strong optical filtering, when combined with JD-MLSE for the compensation of deterministic distortions. DPSK and JD-MLSE will be therefore an attractive alternative as the electronic evolves towards faster and more efficient MLSE implementations.
{"title":"42.8-Gb/s metro transmission using DPSK and joint-decision MLSE","authors":"D. Mello, E. S. Rosa, F. García, H. Waldman","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598367","url":null,"abstract":"Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs) are cost-sensitive environments. Such networks carry a large number of channels over short distances. Another key aspect is the ability to add or drop channels at each node. This scenario imposes the challenge of deploying cost-effective transceivers which are robust to strong linear filtering from several (reconfigurable) optical add-drop multiplexers (OADMs). Binary modulation formats are generally preferred in terms of cost, but are vulnerable to linear filtering due to their broad spectral content. Among all binary modulation formats with non-coherent detection, differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) exhibits the highest tolerance to noise. This paper investigates the potential use of DPSK combined with joint-decision maximum likelihood sequence estimation (JD-MLSE) in MANs. The performance of this alternative is evaluated in networks subject to strong optical filtering and residual dispersion. The results indicate that the relatively high noise-tolerance of DPSK is maintained in networks with strong optical filtering, when combined with JD-MLSE for the compensation of deterministic distortions. DPSK and JD-MLSE will be therefore an attractive alternative as the electronic evolves towards faster and more efficient MLSE implementations.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117075507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598361
M. Marciniak
Transparent optical networking enables mankind to share and interchange huge amounts of data at local, regional and global distances in real time. It is clear now that the next generation networking is not a goal but an intermediate step rather towards the Future Networking.
{"title":"Future Networks - beyond Next Generation Networking","authors":"M. Marciniak","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598361","url":null,"abstract":"Transparent optical networking enables mankind to share and interchange huge amounts of data at local, regional and global distances in real time. It is clear now that the next generation networking is not a goal but an intermediate step rather towards the Future Networking.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128260409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598763
E. Leitgeb, M. Loschnigg, U. Birnbacher, G. Schwarz, A. Merdonig
In the last couple of years the need for higher data rates and more bandwidth has arisen. This development will continue in the next couple of decades and allegorizes a challenge for the future next generation networks. Taking this into account the end-user will need higher data rates, getting theoretical access to the full available bandwidth of the backbone delivered to the home. Free space optics (FSO) is an excellent supplement to conventional radio links and fiber optics, capable of handling point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections. On the one hand-side FSO is a broadband wireless solution for the "last mile" connectivity in metropolitan networks, on the other hand-side FSO can be used to interlink locations within one local area network. In the last years different types of cost-effective systems were developed and realized at the Institute of Broadband Communication of Graz University of Technology (TU Graz). The first type was based on a modular concept using available standard components allowing demonstrations at a data rate of 2 times 10 Mbit/s for short distances up to 300 m at a specific power margin of 25 dB/km. Later the units were improved to allow a data rate of 100 Mbit/s, higher data rates are currently under development. The reliability and availability of a FSO-link is mainly determined by the local atmospheric conditions, in free space the transmitted light is reflected, refracted or absorbed by objects, rain, fog, wind or sun. All these parameters directly influence the quality of a FSO-link and indirectly affect the quality of an access network. Many FSO-installations (permanent and nomadic use) have been set-up in the area of Styria by TU Graz and cooperation partners. In this contribution we will show some practical installations for different events, including the latest permanent installation, which was started in the summer of 2007 together with the municipality of Dobl, a small suburb of Graz, and the ML11 GmbH, an IT-company. Within this cooperation the elementary school of Dobl was connected to the Internet via FSO. The FSO-units were successfully installed and the setup is now used to explore the influence of weather on the FSO-link in the area of Graz.
{"title":"High reliable optical wireless links for the last mile access","authors":"E. Leitgeb, M. Loschnigg, U. Birnbacher, G. Schwarz, A. Merdonig","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598763","url":null,"abstract":"In the last couple of years the need for higher data rates and more bandwidth has arisen. This development will continue in the next couple of decades and allegorizes a challenge for the future next generation networks. Taking this into account the end-user will need higher data rates, getting theoretical access to the full available bandwidth of the backbone delivered to the home. Free space optics (FSO) is an excellent supplement to conventional radio links and fiber optics, capable of handling point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections. On the one hand-side FSO is a broadband wireless solution for the \"last mile\" connectivity in metropolitan networks, on the other hand-side FSO can be used to interlink locations within one local area network. In the last years different types of cost-effective systems were developed and realized at the Institute of Broadband Communication of Graz University of Technology (TU Graz). The first type was based on a modular concept using available standard components allowing demonstrations at a data rate of 2 times 10 Mbit/s for short distances up to 300 m at a specific power margin of 25 dB/km. Later the units were improved to allow a data rate of 100 Mbit/s, higher data rates are currently under development. The reliability and availability of a FSO-link is mainly determined by the local atmospheric conditions, in free space the transmitted light is reflected, refracted or absorbed by objects, rain, fog, wind or sun. All these parameters directly influence the quality of a FSO-link and indirectly affect the quality of an access network. Many FSO-installations (permanent and nomadic use) have been set-up in the area of Styria by TU Graz and cooperation partners. In this contribution we will show some practical installations for different events, including the latest permanent installation, which was started in the summer of 2007 together with the municipality of Dobl, a small suburb of Graz, and the ML11 GmbH, an IT-company. Within this cooperation the elementary school of Dobl was connected to the Internet via FSO. The FSO-units were successfully installed and the setup is now used to explore the influence of weather on the FSO-link in the area of Graz.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129270717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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