Pub Date : 2015-07-07DOI: 10.1109/ICUFN.2015.7182518
Yu Zeng, Yunqing Chen, Huiling Zhao, Xiaoping Wang
The increasing demand for high speed optical wireless applications has strongly motivated recent research work towards improvement in the throughput of the optical channels. Numerous modulation schemes have been studied in this area. Multiple pulse position modulation (MPPM) has proved to be more power efficient than other modulation schemes such as on off keying (OOK), pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), and pulse position modulation (PPM). However, MPPM is not a strong candidate when the bandwidth efficiency is taken into account. To achieve optimum power and bandwidth efficiency, a new modulation scheme, multiple pulse amplitude and position modulation (MPAPM), is proposed. This paper analyses the proposed modulation scheme in terms of bandwidth requirements and power efficiency. The new scheme delivers an improvement in energy per unit bandwidth of 10 dB.
{"title":"Multiple pulse amplitude and position modulation for the optical wireless channel","authors":"Yu Zeng, Yunqing Chen, Huiling Zhao, Xiaoping Wang","doi":"10.1109/ICUFN.2015.7182518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUFN.2015.7182518","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing demand for high speed optical wireless applications has strongly motivated recent research work towards improvement in the throughput of the optical channels. Numerous modulation schemes have been studied in this area. Multiple pulse position modulation (MPPM) has proved to be more power efficient than other modulation schemes such as on off keying (OOK), pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), and pulse position modulation (PPM). However, MPPM is not a strong candidate when the bandwidth efficiency is taken into account. To achieve optimum power and bandwidth efficiency, a new modulation scheme, multiple pulse amplitude and position modulation (MPAPM), is proposed. This paper analyses the proposed modulation scheme in terms of bandwidth requirements and power efficiency. The new scheme delivers an improvement in energy per unit bandwidth of 10 dB.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115775661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-22DOI: 10.1109/ECOC.2008.4729414
N. Calabretta, H. Jung, J. Herrera Llorente, E. Tangdiongga, H. Dorren
Scalability of packet switched cross-connects that utilize all-optical signal processing is a crucial issue that eventually determines the future role of photonic signal processing in optical networks. We present a 1times4 all-optical packet switch based on label swapping technique that utilizes a scalable and asynchronous label processor and label rewriter. The packet address information is encoded by in-band labels. With this we mean that the wavelengths of the labels are chosen within the bandwidth of the payload. We encode addresses by combining different labels. Thus, by using N in-band label wavelengths, 2N possible addresses can be encoded, which makes this labelling technique highly scalable within a limited bandwidth. Experimental results showed error-free packet switching operation at 160 Gb/s, while the label erasing and new label insertion operation introduces only 0.5 dB of power penalty. Those results indicate a potential utilization of the presented technique in a multi-hops packet switched network.
{"title":"All-optical label swapping of 160 Gb/s data packets employing optical processing of scalable in-band address labels","authors":"N. Calabretta, H. Jung, J. Herrera Llorente, E. Tangdiongga, H. Dorren","doi":"10.1109/ECOC.2008.4729414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECOC.2008.4729414","url":null,"abstract":"Scalability of packet switched cross-connects that utilize all-optical signal processing is a crucial issue that eventually determines the future role of photonic signal processing in optical networks. We present a 1times4 all-optical packet switch based on label swapping technique that utilizes a scalable and asynchronous label processor and label rewriter. The packet address information is encoded by in-band labels. With this we mean that the wavelengths of the labels are chosen within the bandwidth of the payload. We encode addresses by combining different labels. Thus, by using N in-band label wavelengths, 2N possible addresses can be encoded, which makes this labelling technique highly scalable within a limited bandwidth. Experimental results showed error-free packet switching operation at 160 Gb/s, while the label erasing and new label insertion operation introduces only 0.5 dB of power penalty. Those results indicate a potential utilization of the presented technique in a multi-hops packet switched network.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114856103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-08-12DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598650
J. Perelló, S. Spadaro, J. Comellas, G. Junyent
In this paper, we investigate failure recovery requirements for GMPLS-based control planes. To this end, we firstly identify major protocol disruptions due to connectivity outages in the control plane. This allows the derivation of a new parameter, which quantifies such disruptions thus providing a figure of merit for performance evaluation. As the main contribution, we propose and validate different control plane topologies over a meshed transport network scenario. In particular, through simulation results, we initially provide comparison amongst them from a resilience viewpoint. Secondly, we focus on certain network resilience requirements and we discuss the suitability of either IP rerouting or dedicated backup control link protection as the failure recovery mechanism.
{"title":"An analysis of control plane recovery requirements for GMPLS-enabled meshed transport networks","authors":"J. Perelló, S. Spadaro, J. Comellas, G. Junyent","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598650","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we investigate failure recovery requirements for GMPLS-based control planes. To this end, we firstly identify major protocol disruptions due to connectivity outages in the control plane. This allows the derivation of a new parameter, which quantifies such disruptions thus providing a figure of merit for performance evaluation. As the main contribution, we propose and validate different control plane topologies over a meshed transport network scenario. In particular, through simulation results, we initially provide comparison amongst them from a resilience viewpoint. Secondly, we focus on certain network resilience requirements and we discuss the suitability of either IP rerouting or dedicated backup control link protection as the failure recovery mechanism.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127923878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-08-12DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598788
ukasz Olejniczak, R. P. Sarza, odzimierz Nakwaski
Simulation finite-element thermal model of the quantum-cascade lasers (QCLs) has been developed to investigate thermal properties of various known QCL designs. An important phenomenon of phonon scattering at layer boundaries, which is responsible for a dramatic increase in thermal resistances of multi-layered devices, has been taken into consideration. From among currently known QCLs designs, the double-channel QCL design with a heat sink attached to the active-region device side has happened to manifest definitely the best thermal properties.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of thermal properties of various quantum-cascade lasers","authors":"ukasz Olejniczak, R. P. Sarza, odzimierz Nakwaski","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598788","url":null,"abstract":"Simulation finite-element thermal model of the quantum-cascade lasers (QCLs) has been developed to investigate thermal properties of various known QCL designs. An important phenomenon of phonon scattering at layer boundaries, which is responsible for a dramatic increase in thermal resistances of multi-layered devices, has been taken into consideration. From among currently known QCLs designs, the double-channel QCL design with a heat sink attached to the active-region device side has happened to manifest definitely the best thermal properties.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130639854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598387
H. Goto, T. Konishi, T. Nishitani, K. Itoh
It is necessary to compensate an intensity variance of optical signals in optical networks for accurate data reception and accurate signal processing. In future packet-switching networks, it is feared that a large intensity variance of optical signals in optical packets would be caused by such a clock recovery, and a gain transient of EDFA, and so on. To cope with the large intensity variance of optical signals in optical packets, we propose a wide dynamic range all-optical intensity equalizer based on an effective control of spectral modulation induced by self-phase modulation (SPM) using super-Gaussian signals. We have calculated the spectra after SPM effects for super-Gaussian signals with changing the intensities of input optical signals. As the results, we have successfully realized appropriate control of spectral modulation so that the magnitudes around centre wavelength components might be approximately equivalent for input intensities over a wide range. By using computer simulation, we have verified the function of proposed intensity equalizer by adopting the calculated magnitude-equivalence after SPM. We confirmed a remarkable wide dynamic range and a high-accuracy intensity equalizing effect of the proposed method.
{"title":"All optical intensity equalizer based on effective control of spectral modulation induced by self-phase-modulation using super-Gaussian signals","authors":"H. Goto, T. Konishi, T. Nishitani, K. Itoh","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598387","url":null,"abstract":"It is necessary to compensate an intensity variance of optical signals in optical networks for accurate data reception and accurate signal processing. In future packet-switching networks, it is feared that a large intensity variance of optical signals in optical packets would be caused by such a clock recovery, and a gain transient of EDFA, and so on. To cope with the large intensity variance of optical signals in optical packets, we propose a wide dynamic range all-optical intensity equalizer based on an effective control of spectral modulation induced by self-phase modulation (SPM) using super-Gaussian signals. We have calculated the spectra after SPM effects for super-Gaussian signals with changing the intensities of input optical signals. As the results, we have successfully realized appropriate control of spectral modulation so that the magnitudes around centre wavelength components might be approximately equivalent for input intensities over a wide range. By using computer simulation, we have verified the function of proposed intensity equalizer by adopting the calculated magnitude-equivalence after SPM. We confirmed a remarkable wide dynamic range and a high-accuracy intensity equalizing effect of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114966992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598602
Il-Sug Chung, J. Mørk, P. Gilet, A. Chelnokov
Various high-index-contrast sub-wavelength grating (HCG) mirror designs have been investigated. It reveals that transverse magnetic (TM-) and transverse electric (TE-) HCG reflect the incident fields in quite different ways and that the TM-HCG enables very thin gap below the grating. Based on these results, a new HCG VCSEL design with a thin oxide gap has been suggested. The thin oxide gap structure has a number of advantages including easier fabrication, better mechanical stability, and very strong single-mode properties.
{"title":"Broadband subwavelength grating mirror and its application to vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser","authors":"Il-Sug Chung, J. Mørk, P. Gilet, A. Chelnokov","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598602","url":null,"abstract":"Various high-index-contrast sub-wavelength grating (HCG) mirror designs have been investigated. It reveals that transverse magnetic (TM-) and transverse electric (TE-) HCG reflect the incident fields in quite different ways and that the TM-HCG enables very thin gap below the grating. Based on these results, a new HCG VCSEL design with a thin oxide gap has been suggested. The thin oxide gap structure has a number of advantages including easier fabrication, better mechanical stability, and very strong single-mode properties.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"689 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116958455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598787
M. Matsukawa, S. Yamada, Y. Fukuchi
We report a harmonically mode-locked fiber laser employing a 151-cm-long bismuth-oxide-based erbium-doped fiber. Near-transform-limited short pulses at 10 GHz are obtained with an ultra-broadband wavelength tuning range of 83 nm covering both the C-band and the L-band.
{"title":"Ultra-broadband wavelength-tunable harmonically mode-locked fiber laser using a short length bismuth-oxide-based erbium-doped fiber","authors":"M. Matsukawa, S. Yamada, Y. Fukuchi","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598787","url":null,"abstract":"We report a harmonically mode-locked fiber laser employing a 151-cm-long bismuth-oxide-based erbium-doped fiber. Near-transform-limited short pulses at 10 GHz are obtained with an ultra-broadband wavelength tuning range of 83 nm covering both the C-band and the L-band.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117164017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598619
L. Martiradonna, A. Qualtieri, T. Stomeo, R. Cingolani, M. de Vittorio
Thanks to their low fabrication costs and the well established surface-functionalization techniques which allow their merging into a wide range of materials, wet-chemical synthesized colloidal nanocrystals are finding broad application in several fields, from pharmacology to cosmetics, food industry, textiles, optics and so on. In particular, semiconductor nanocrystals are widely exploited as quantum optical emitters, showing very high quantum yield (close to unity), stability, low tendency to photobleaching and possibility to be tuned from ultraviolet to infrared range. The realization of high performing photonic devices based on this class of emitters is therefore an extremely intriguing challenge; on the other hand, the best way to manipulate these emitters and integrate them in solid matrices, without dramatically decreasing their optical properties, is still under debate. Here we present a method for the fabrication of the main building blocks of photonic circuits by exploiting the localization of colloidal nanocrystals dispersed in polymeric matrices through lithographic techniques. The realization of waveguide structures, suspended stripes and photonic crystal nanocavities is shown as a demonstration of this approach.
{"title":"Design and fabrication of photonic devices based on colloidal nanocrystals","authors":"L. Martiradonna, A. Qualtieri, T. Stomeo, R. Cingolani, M. de Vittorio","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598619","url":null,"abstract":"Thanks to their low fabrication costs and the well established surface-functionalization techniques which allow their merging into a wide range of materials, wet-chemical synthesized colloidal nanocrystals are finding broad application in several fields, from pharmacology to cosmetics, food industry, textiles, optics and so on. In particular, semiconductor nanocrystals are widely exploited as quantum optical emitters, showing very high quantum yield (close to unity), stability, low tendency to photobleaching and possibility to be tuned from ultraviolet to infrared range. The realization of high performing photonic devices based on this class of emitters is therefore an extremely intriguing challenge; on the other hand, the best way to manipulate these emitters and integrate them in solid matrices, without dramatically decreasing their optical properties, is still under debate. Here we present a method for the fabrication of the main building blocks of photonic circuits by exploiting the localization of colloidal nanocrystals dispersed in polymeric matrices through lithographic techniques. The realization of waveguide structures, suspended stripes and photonic crystal nanocavities is shown as a demonstration of this approach.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121114351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598660
T. El-Gorashi, J. Elmirghani
This paper presents a new data mirroring technique for storage area networks (SANs) in a metropolitan area wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) ring. Two sectioning links are introduced to the ring to help deal with the hot-node scenario created by the SAN nodes and their mirrors. The performance is evaluated through simulation of a network of 24 nodes, 6 wavelengths with 1 Gb/s access node rate and 5 Gb/s SAN node rate under different traffic asymmetries. In addition to the fixed-size (FS) slot scheme, performance is evaluated under two different schemes accommodating variable size packet traffic - variable-size (VS) slot and super-size (SS) slot schemes. Results of average node throughput, queuing delay and transmission buffers packet dropping probability are presented and analyzed.
{"title":"A mirroring technique for SANs in a metro WDM ring under different traffic scenarios","authors":"T. El-Gorashi, J. Elmirghani","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598660","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new data mirroring technique for storage area networks (SANs) in a metropolitan area wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) ring. Two sectioning links are introduced to the ring to help deal with the hot-node scenario created by the SAN nodes and their mirrors. The performance is evaluated through simulation of a network of 24 nodes, 6 wavelengths with 1 Gb/s access node rate and 5 Gb/s SAN node rate under different traffic asymmetries. In addition to the fixed-size (FS) slot scheme, performance is evaluated under two different schemes accommodating variable size packet traffic - variable-size (VS) slot and super-size (SS) slot schemes. Results of average node throughput, queuing delay and transmission buffers packet dropping probability are presented and analyzed.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127368696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598659
G. Ellinas, T. Panayiotou, N. Antoniades, A. Hadjiantonis, A. Levine
This paper investigates the problem of designing, engineering and evaluating metropolitan area transparent optical networks for the provisioning of multicast sessions. Apart from finding the minimum cost tree, our proposed technique utilizes a metric on the physical performance of the system, namely the Q-factor of the system, by calculating Q-penalties for impairments via a Q-budgeting approach, to investigate whether a multicast connection should be admitted to the network. It uses ldquotree balancing techniquesrdquo for the multicast sessions aiming at maximizing the multicast connections that can be admitted to the network.
{"title":"Multicasting with physical-layer constraints in metropolitan area networks","authors":"G. Ellinas, T. Panayiotou, N. Antoniades, A. Hadjiantonis, A. Levine","doi":"10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTON.2008.4598659","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the problem of designing, engineering and evaluating metropolitan area transparent optical networks for the provisioning of multicast sessions. Apart from finding the minimum cost tree, our proposed technique utilizes a metric on the physical performance of the system, namely the Q-factor of the system, by calculating Q-penalties for impairments via a Q-budgeting approach, to investigate whether a multicast connection should be admitted to the network. It uses ldquotree balancing techniquesrdquo for the multicast sessions aiming at maximizing the multicast connections that can be admitted to the network.","PeriodicalId":230802,"journal":{"name":"2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126095876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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