The literature and doctrine on psychopathology discusses the non-existence of a concrete and specific psychological profile of the sexual aggressor or abuser, be it adults or minors
{"title":"Abuse of Position as a Therapist in Continuous and Serial Sexual Abuse and Victims' Defenselessness","authors":"Bernat N Tiffon","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000280","url":null,"abstract":"The literature and doctrine on psychopathology discusses the non-existence of a concrete and specific psychological profile of the sexual aggressor or abuser, be it adults or minors","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126838088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Forensics has become a more interesting scientific topic to investigate with the advancement in science and technology in which nanomaterials have attracted a lot of attention in the field of nano-forensic research. Fingerprints are important evidence in any crime scene, and nano-based techniques have a lot of potential in fingerprint investigations in the future. Fingerprints have often been and still are considered one of the most valuable types of physical evidence for personal identification. The prints left behind at a crime scene are usually latent (invisible) fingerprints and thus, the distinct ridge details of fingerprints can be obtained by applying different nanoparticles such as silver, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, gold, carbon and silica on a variety of object surfaces, with gold being the most commonly used. The use of nanoparticles can improve the quality and stability of latent fingerprints. As a result, this review study focuses on the use of various nanomaterials in the development and detection of latent fingerprints.
{"title":"A Review on Nanomaterials for Developing Latent Fingerprint","authors":"A. K. Kar","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000268","url":null,"abstract":"Forensics has become a more interesting scientific topic to investigate with the advancement in science and technology in which nanomaterials have attracted a lot of attention in the field of nano-forensic research. Fingerprints are important evidence in any crime scene, and nano-based techniques have a lot of potential in fingerprint investigations in the future. Fingerprints have often been and still are considered one of the most valuable types of physical evidence for personal identification. The prints left behind at a crime scene are usually latent (invisible) fingerprints and thus, the distinct ridge details of fingerprints can be obtained by applying different nanoparticles such as silver, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, gold, carbon and silica on a variety of object surfaces, with gold being the most commonly used. The use of nanoparticles can improve the quality and stability of latent fingerprints. As a result, this review study focuses on the use of various nanomaterials in the development and detection of latent fingerprints.","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126187189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trace Evidence: A Versatile Key in Forensic Investigation","authors":"M. Athar","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000193","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125799945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Killing Vincent Project (KVP) Team evaluates Vincent van Gogh’s ‘Suicide Profile’ while living in France, namely, Arles, St Remy Asylum, and Auvers-sur-Oise Profile utilizing the C-SSRS (Columbia – Suicide Severity Rating Scale). This evaluation of Van Gogh indicates that there were some risks factors and concerns for suicide in Arles and St Remy Asylum; however, while living in Auvers-sur-Oise, the C-SSRS evaluation reinforces that Van Gogh was living an extremely productive artistic life, doing a painting a day with breakthrough originality. There were no further vertigo attacks; he expressed no suicidal ideation nor gestures or self-injurious behavior. While in Auvers-sur-Oise, Van Gogh had become emotionally settled, found love, and was becoming a recognized breakthrough artist. KVP’s C-SSRS evaluation indicates a ‘negative suicidal profile assessment’ in his last 70 days. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude: Vincent van Gogh did not commit suicide.
{"title":"Vincent Van Gogh: A Negative Result from his Modern Suicidal Profile Assessment","authors":"L. Krier","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000289","url":null,"abstract":"Killing Vincent Project (KVP) Team evaluates Vincent van Gogh’s ‘Suicide Profile’ while living in France, namely, Arles, St Remy Asylum, and Auvers-sur-Oise Profile utilizing the C-SSRS (Columbia – Suicide Severity Rating Scale). This evaluation of Van Gogh indicates that there were some risks factors and concerns for suicide in Arles and St Remy Asylum; however, while living in Auvers-sur-Oise, the C-SSRS evaluation reinforces that Van Gogh was living an extremely productive artistic life, doing a painting a day with breakthrough originality. There were no further vertigo attacks; he expressed no suicidal ideation nor gestures or self-injurious behavior. While in Auvers-sur-Oise, Van Gogh had become emotionally settled, found love, and was becoming a recognized breakthrough artist. KVP’s C-SSRS evaluation indicates a ‘negative suicidal profile assessment’ in his last 70 days. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude: Vincent van Gogh did not commit suicide.","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132095782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Review on Raman Rays with Respect to Raman Spectroscopy","authors":"Sruthi Nair","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134499311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During the construction of an order fulfillment center located in Colorado, a jobsite worker claimed he was injured when he touched a handrail installed at a staircase shortly after the pipe welding operation was complete. In addition to a burn to the hand, the worker also alleged injuries to his back due to jerking quickly to withdraw his hand from the rail and twisting his body in a manner that aggravated his lower back. After the incident, the claimant filed a lawsuit alleging negligence for the welder’s failure to adequately demarcate and restrict access to the hot work area. A forensic engineering company was hired to re-create and analyze the site conditions, review the information provided, and determine to a reasonable degree of engineering probability the validity of the claimant’s allegations in relation to the potential for temperature ranges likely at the time of the accident.
{"title":"Forensic Evaluation and Testing of Existing Site Conditions Related to a Personal Injury Claim","authors":"Edward L. Fronapfel","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000309","url":null,"abstract":"During the construction of an order fulfillment center located in Colorado, a jobsite worker claimed he was injured when he touched a handrail installed at a staircase shortly after the pipe welding operation was complete. In addition to a burn to the hand, the worker also alleged injuries to his back due to jerking quickly to withdraw his hand from the rail and twisting his body in a manner that aggravated his lower back. After the incident, the claimant filed a lawsuit alleging negligence for the welder’s failure to adequately demarcate and restrict access to the hot work area. A forensic engineering company was hired to re-create and analyze the site conditions, review the information provided, and determine to a reasonable degree of engineering probability the validity of the claimant’s allegations in relation to the potential for temperature ranges likely at the time of the accident.","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"40 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132758141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Protection and new Strategy for the Victims of Crime in the European Union Harmonization Perspective","authors":"M. Malacka","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000222","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132298626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Superabsorbent Sanitary Pads as Evidence in Sexual Aggression Cases","authors":"Inês Gregório","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000214","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115237923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Epidemiology of Fatal Gunshot Injuries in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A Five-Year Autopsy Study","authors":"Paul M. Ng’walali","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000254","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123436185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Colombia is a country with an internal armed conflict of more than 60 years, where forensic sciences claim a vital role in strengthening transitional justice within the framework of the peace process. Just look at the statistics of unidentified bodies, to realize how far behind the identification process is in Colombia; where according to Life application: There are some 26,660 to 35476 unidentified bodies that, despite the joint efforts of agencies such as the Missing Persons Search Unit, Forensic Medicine and the Attorney General’s Office, have not yet been handed over to their relatives. For this reason, it is necessary to recognize the massive task of forensic specialists to propose new methods that optimize the identification process. Responding to this call, the IdentiGEN Laboratory compared two methods of extracting DNA from teeth, the ChargeSwitch Forensic DNA Purification Kit (Invitrogen) and the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen) to determine which of the two allowed optimization, not only the time of analysis but the costs of application with respect to the conventional method used for these matrices. To do this, DNA extraction was performed with each kit and subsequently extracts were quantified by fluorometry, demonstrating that although both methods are highly efficient in time and cost; the QIAamp method DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen) has a higher yield in terms of the amount of genetic material obtained. Finally, the dental parts analyzed using the PowerPlex Fusion System (Promega) commercial kit were successfully typified, showing not only that these matrices present a viable source of DNA collection but that it is possible to continue improving extraction methods so that they are increasingly simple, economical and effective.
哥伦比亚是一个60多年来国内武装冲突不断的国家，法医科学在和平进程框架内加强过渡司法方面发挥着至关重要的作用。只要看看身份不明的尸体的统计数据，就会意识到哥伦比亚的身份识别过程落后了多远;尽管失踪人员搜索股、法医和总检察长办公室等机构共同努力，仍有大约26660至35476具身份不明的尸体尚未移交给他们的亲属。出于这个原因，有必要认识到法医专家提出优化鉴定过程的新方法的巨大任务。为了响应这一呼吁，IdentiGEN实验室比较了两种从牙齿中提取DNA的方法，即ChargeSwitch法医DNA纯化试剂盒(Invitrogen)和QIAamp DNA迷你试剂盒(Qiagen)，以确定哪一种方法可以优化，不仅是分析时间，而且与用于这些矩阵的传统方法相比，应用成本更低。为此，对每个试剂盒进行DNA提取，随后通过荧光法对提取物进行定量，表明尽管两种方法在时间和成本上都非常高效;QIAamp法DNA迷你试剂盒(Qiagen)在获得遗传物质的数量方面具有更高的产量。最后，使用PowerPlex Fusion System (Promega)商业试剂盒分析的牙齿部件成功地进行了分类，这不仅表明这些基质提供了一种可行的DNA收集来源，而且有可能继续改进提取方法，使其变得越来越简单、经济和有效。
{"title":"Comparative Study of Two Methods of DNA Extraction from Dental Pieces","authors":"Y. Posada","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000297","url":null,"abstract":"Colombia is a country with an internal armed conflict of more than 60 years, where forensic sciences claim a vital role in strengthening transitional justice within the framework of the peace process. Just look at the statistics of unidentified bodies, to realize how far behind the identification process is in Colombia; where according to Life application: There are some 26,660 to 35476 unidentified bodies that, despite the joint efforts of agencies such as the Missing Persons Search Unit, Forensic Medicine and the Attorney General’s Office, have not yet been handed over to their relatives. For this reason, it is necessary to recognize the massive task of forensic specialists to propose new methods that optimize the identification process. Responding to this call, the IdentiGEN Laboratory compared two methods of extracting DNA from teeth, the ChargeSwitch Forensic DNA Purification Kit (Invitrogen) and the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen) to determine which of the two allowed optimization, not only the time of analysis but the costs of application with respect to the conventional method used for these matrices. To do this, DNA extraction was performed with each kit and subsequently extracts were quantified by fluorometry, demonstrating that although both methods are highly efficient in time and cost; the QIAamp method DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen) has a higher yield in terms of the amount of genetic material obtained. Finally, the dental parts analyzed using the PowerPlex Fusion System (Promega) commercial kit were successfully typified, showing not only that these matrices present a viable source of DNA collection but that it is possible to continue improving extraction methods so that they are increasingly simple, economical and effective.","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124198271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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