{"title":"Alcohol Use and Topography of Traumatic Injuries as Factors Leading to Road-Related Deaths; A 5-Year Study in Western Romania","authors":"V. Ciocan","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126074116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Use of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) for Detection of Seminal Stains before DNA Typing in Sexual Assault Cases: A Case Study","authors":"Dena Mohamed Naguib Abdel Moawed","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000198","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124835318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To date, there are very limited genetic studies conducted on the Kingdom of Bahrain and this is one of the first studies directed to evaluate the 12 X-STRs included in the Investigator X-12 QS kit. Bahrain is a small archipelago positioned in the Arabian Gulf. X-STRs are very informative in population genetics studies, human identification and complex kinship analysis. One hundred and fifty-six (156) buccal swabs were collected using cotton swabs from non-relatives’ Bahraini males from four different regions of Bahrain. Genomic DNAs were extracted and purified using QIAsymphony SP instrument following quantification with Investigator Quantiplex HYres Kit in the 7500 Real-Time PCR System and detected in ABI 3500xl Genetic Analyzer. Analysis was done using various statistical software to obtain allele and haplotypes’ frequencies based upon the available four clusters of Linkage Groups (LGs) as well as different forensic and population parameters. Results indicated the diversity of the Bahraini population in terms of high Power of Discrimination (PD) and Probability of Match (PM) values. The combined values of each forensic parameter such as cPDM, Mean exclusion chance (cMEC) Krüger, CMEC Kishida, and CMEC Desmarais as well as CMEC Desmarais Duo, were 0.9999983, 9999979, 0.9999939, 0.9999996 and 0.9999514 respectively based on the allele and haplotype frequencies. No shared profiles were observed. Number of non-standard alleles and null alleles were obtained, and more profoundly in locus DXS10148. We have constructed phylogenetic tree as well as multidimensional scale to analyze the interpopulation diversity between Bahraini population and other neighboring populations and our findings reflected the geographical and social background of the region. Overall, the results confirmed the importance of X-STRs in discriminating between individuals among Bahraini population and in establishing DNA databases for forensic and kinship studies.
{"title":"Population Genetic Analysis of 12 X-STRs in a Bahraini Population Sample","authors":"Noora R. Al Snan","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000177","url":null,"abstract":"To date, there are very limited genetic studies conducted on the Kingdom of Bahrain and this is one of the first studies directed to evaluate the 12 X-STRs included in the Investigator X-12 QS kit. Bahrain is a small archipelago positioned in the Arabian Gulf. X-STRs are very informative in population genetics studies, human identification and complex kinship analysis. One hundred and fifty-six (156) buccal swabs were collected using cotton swabs from non-relatives’ Bahraini males from four different regions of Bahrain. Genomic DNAs were extracted and purified using QIAsymphony SP instrument following quantification with Investigator Quantiplex HYres Kit in the 7500 Real-Time PCR System and detected in ABI 3500xl Genetic Analyzer. Analysis was done using various statistical software to obtain allele and haplotypes’ frequencies based upon the available four clusters of Linkage Groups (LGs) as well as different forensic and population parameters. Results indicated the diversity of the Bahraini population in terms of high Power of Discrimination (PD) and Probability of Match (PM) values. The combined values of each forensic parameter such as cPDM, Mean exclusion chance (cMEC) Krüger, CMEC Kishida, and CMEC Desmarais as well as CMEC Desmarais Duo, were 0.9999983, 9999979, 0.9999939, 0.9999996 and 0.9999514 respectively based on the allele and haplotype frequencies. No shared profiles were observed. Number of non-standard alleles and null alleles were obtained, and more profoundly in locus DXS10148. We have constructed phylogenetic tree as well as multidimensional scale to analyze the interpopulation diversity between Bahraini population and other neighboring populations and our findings reflected the geographical and social background of the region. Overall, the results confirmed the importance of X-STRs in discriminating between individuals among Bahraini population and in establishing DNA databases for forensic and kinship studies.","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126437870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Drug Facilitated Penetrative and Non-Penetrative Sexual Assault: A Review","authors":"Abhinav Singh","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000239","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133902668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Torture is a word of Persian origin and is defined as “excessive physical or moral punishment to a person” Torture is one of the important subjects of forensic medicine. Forensic Medicine specialists are experts who detect the lesions on the bodies of torture cases, which are considered to be the most extreme points of violations of rights, who can interpret them, and also try to diagnose invisible psychiatric traces. This duty obliges Forensic Medicine to evaluate scientific truths impartially and in all details.
{"title":"Forensic Psychiatric Evaluation of Torture Victims","authors":"M. Ozdemir","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000285","url":null,"abstract":"Torture is a word of Persian origin and is defined as “excessive physical or moral punishment to a person” Torture is one of the important subjects of forensic medicine. Forensic Medicine specialists are experts who detect the lesions on the bodies of torture cases, which are considered to be the most extreme points of violations of rights, who can interpret them, and also try to diagnose invisible psychiatric traces. This duty obliges Forensic Medicine to evaluate scientific truths impartially and in all details.","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134268963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mediation in Russian Correctional Institutions: Present and Future","authors":"V. Gromov","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000182","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133637026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Were Moses and Aaron the First Bioterrorists?","authors":"John D Bullock","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133117795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The recognition of people is a means of proof widely used in the practice of Brazilian criminal investigations, and the inadequate application of this instrument has been a source of serious judicial errors, requiring the help of knowledge from the psychology of testimony to improve this means of evidence. In this article, some peculiarities of this investigative procedure were discussed which, once understood, will make it possible to improve the accuracy of this means of proof, being verified based on bibliographical research the uniqueness of the recognition procedure and the need for a minimum of previous elements of proof to be verified. provide this means of proof (need for well-founded suspicion), demonstrating that the diligence of recognition, as it is extremely suggestive, must be handled only once during the investigation, and that only after obtaining minimal evidence that links the suspect in the alignment with the crime being investigated, with a view to making the aforementioned procedure safer and avoiding the greater occurrence of judicial errors in the handling of this investigative technique.
{"title":"New Scientific Limits for Carrying Out Personal Recognition in Crim-Inal Investigations: Unrepeatable Recognition and Requirement of Well-Founded Suspicion to Carry Out the Recognition Procedure","authors":"Jonathan Dantas Pessoa","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000313","url":null,"abstract":"The recognition of people is a means of proof widely used in the practice of Brazilian criminal investigations, and the inadequate application of this instrument has been a source of serious judicial errors, requiring the help of knowledge from the psychology of testimony to improve this means of evidence. In this article, some peculiarities of this investigative procedure were discussed which, once understood, will make it possible to improve the accuracy of this means of proof, being verified based on bibliographical research the uniqueness of the recognition procedure and the need for a minimum of previous elements of proof to be verified. provide this means of proof (need for well-founded suspicion), demonstrating that the diligence of recognition, as it is extremely suggestive, must be handled only once during the investigation, and that only after obtaining minimal evidence that links the suspect in the alignment with the crime being investigated, with a view to making the aforementioned procedure safer and avoiding the greater occurrence of judicial errors in the handling of this investigative technique.","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131342100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Homicidal Death and Crime Scene Investigation of Minor-A Case Study","authors":"V. Dhingra","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000191","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134466771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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