{"title":"High Energy Trauma in Relation to the Genesis of Nonunion in Tibial Shaft Fractures","authors":"Guzmán Juárez LA","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000234","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"266 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121484941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Several measures and instruments have been adopted in Italy to fight against serious organised crime. In this framework, the 'mafia-type association' offence (Article 416 bis c.c.), and the National Anti-Mafia Directorate (DNA) can be considered as the two main pillars of the whole system, at least from a historical point of view (the former, from a substantial law perspective; the latter, from an organisational-procedural one). The aim of this article is to analyse and assess (vis à vis the experience acquired on their practical implementation) these two tools. The evaluation (based on the results of a focus group with 5 DNA Prosecutors, and on the analysis of the relevant literature) allowed to highlight their strengths and limits, as well as to discuss the possible exportability of the Italian experience to other countries.
{"title":"The Two Pillars in the Fight against Serious Organised Crime in Italy: An Assessment","authors":"Baratto Gabriele","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000272","url":null,"abstract":"Several measures and instruments have been adopted in Italy to fight against serious organised crime. In this framework, the 'mafia-type association' offence (Article 416 bis c.c.), and the National Anti-Mafia Directorate (DNA) can be considered as the two main pillars of the whole system, at least from a historical point of view (the former, from a substantial law perspective; the latter, from an organisational-procedural one). The aim of this article is to analyse and assess (vis à vis the experience acquired on their practical implementation) these two tools. The evaluation (based on the results of a focus group with 5 DNA Prosecutors, and on the analysis of the relevant literature) allowed to highlight their strengths and limits, as well as to discuss the possible exportability of the Italian experience to other countries.","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116927855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Forensic Study on Fingerprint Pattern Distribution in Relation to Gender and Ethnic Differences among Cadets in Nigeria Police Academy Wudil Kano","authors":"Kazaure Lawal Ubaidullah","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000143","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123684088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Review Presence of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in Food Products: Positive and Negative Impacts on Human Health","authors":"P. Suri","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000194","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115698335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Medico-Legal Aspect of Emerging Issues during COVID- 19 Outbreaks","authors":"Said Said Elshama","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000210","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128980317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A New Role for Legal Medicine","authors":"George Gregory Buttigieg","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000169","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121312123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper addresses several issues concerning the ethical governance of forensic investigative genetic genealogy (FIGG) in humanitarian investigations that seek to identify decedents in mass graves, disaster victims, and to reconstruct past atrocities. FIGG is better suited to human remains investigations than existing forensic DNA methods, such as partial matching in CODIS databases, and for this reason its use has increased. However, survivor communities may not benefit from the use of FIGG to reconstruct past events and promote the goals of healing and reconciliation unless we first address several pressing issues with the ethical governance of FIGG in humanitarian investigations. These include a lack of trust on the part of survivor communities, concerns over privacy, autonomy, informed consent, and the future uses of genetic data that generate an unwillingness to provide DNA for forensic investigations. This paper looks at the movement of Indigenous data sovereignty, which posits that control over data should be put in the hands of those who are most affected by its use, and its potential to be used as a blueprint for the ethical governance of FIGG in all humanitarian investigations. This is illustrated through recent examples of data sovereignty being applied by FIGG investigators: the private, non-profit DNA Justice database, and the mass graves investigations at the Mother and Baby Home in Tuam, Ireland.
{"title":"Data Sovereignty & Forensic Investigative Genetic Genealogy (FIGG): A Path Forward For Humanitarian & Mass Graves Investigations","authors":"T. Dowdeswell","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000300","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses several issues concerning the ethical governance of forensic investigative genetic genealogy (FIGG) in humanitarian investigations that seek to identify decedents in mass graves, disaster victims, and to reconstruct past atrocities. FIGG is better suited to human remains investigations than existing forensic DNA methods, such as partial matching in CODIS databases, and for this reason its use has increased. However, survivor communities may not benefit from the use of FIGG to reconstruct past events and promote the goals of healing and reconciliation unless we first address several pressing issues with the ethical governance of FIGG in humanitarian investigations. These include a lack of trust on the part of survivor communities, concerns over privacy, autonomy, informed consent, and the future uses of genetic data that generate an unwillingness to provide DNA for forensic investigations. This paper looks at the movement of Indigenous data sovereignty, which posits that control over data should be put in the hands of those who are most affected by its use, and its potential to be used as a blueprint for the ethical governance of FIGG in all humanitarian investigations. This is illustrated through recent examples of data sovereignty being applied by FIGG investigators: the private, non-profit DNA Justice database, and the mass graves investigations at the Mother and Baby Home in Tuam, Ireland.","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121375473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"X-STR Allele and Linkage Haplogroup Frequencies in the Lebanese Population and the Potential of X-STR Polymorphism in Forensic Casework","authors":"I. Mansour","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000145","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115737394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Women who are Victims of Physical Violence in Dakar: Description and Difficulties of Care","authors":"El Hadji Oumar Ndoye","doi":"10.23880/ijfsc-16000159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/ijfsc-16000159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231200,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126774007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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