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2022 30th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)最新文献

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Robust Phase Difference Estimation of Transients in High Noise Levels 高噪声水平下瞬态的鲁棒相位差估计
Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.23919/eusipco55093.2022.9909970
Oskar Keding, Maria Sandsten
This paper presents the Reassignment Vector Phase Difference Estimator (RVPDE), which gives noise robust relative phase estimates of oscillating transient signals in high noise levels. Estimation of relative phase information between signals is of interest for direction of arrival estimation, source separation and spatio-temporal decoding in neurology as well as for soundscape analysis. The RVPDE relies on the spectrogram reassignment vectors which contains information of the time-frequency local phase difference between two transient signals. The final estimate, which is robust to high noise levels, is given as the median over the local time-frequency area. The proposed technique is shown to outperform state-of-the-art methods in simulations for high noise levels. A discussion on the statistical distribution of the estimates is also presented, and finally an example of phase difference estimation of visually evoked potentials measured from electrical brain signals is shown.
本文提出了重分配矢量相位差估计器(RVPDE),它能对高噪声水平下的振荡暂态信号进行噪声鲁棒相对相位估计。信号间相对相位信息的估计对神经学中的到达方向估计、源分离和时空解码以及声景分析都有重要意义。RVPDE依赖于谱图重分配矢量,谱图重分配矢量包含两个瞬态信号的时频局部相位差信息。最后的估计是对高噪声水平的鲁棒性,作为局部时频区域的中值。所提出的技术被证明在高噪声水平的模拟中优于最先进的方法。讨论了估计的统计分布,最后给出了一个脑电信号视觉诱发电位相位差估计的例子。
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引用次数: 1
Reflection Removal Using Multiple Polarized Images with Different Exposure Times 利用不同曝光时间的多偏振图像去除反射
Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.23919/eusipco55093.2022.9909712
T. Aizu, Ryo Matsuoka
When we take a photograph through glass windows or doors, the foreground scene is reflected in the captured image. The reflected components overlap with the background scene and make object recognition and identification more difficult. This paper proposes a novel reflection removal method using multiple polarized images taken with different exposure times. To achieve a high accuracy reflection removal in high dynamic range scenes, in which photographed images have under-/over-exposed pixels, we introduce a minimization problem of weighted nonnegative matrix factorization (WNMF) with total variation regularization. To solve this minimization problem, we also introduce an alternating optimization scheme with the alternating direction method of multipliers (AO-ADMM). The advantages of the proposed method over some conventional methods are demonstrated in experiments of reflection removal using real-world images.
当我们透过玻璃窗或玻璃门拍照时,前景场景就会反映在被捕获的图像中。反射的分量与背景场景重叠,增加了物体识别的难度。提出了一种利用不同曝光时间的多偏振图像去除反射的新方法。为了在高动态范围场景中实现高精度的反射去除,在高动态范围场景中,拍摄的图像具有曝光不足/曝光过度的像素,我们引入了一个加权非负矩阵分解(WNMF)的全变分正则化最小化问题。为了解决这一最小化问题,我们还引入了乘法器交替方向法的交替优化方案(AO-ADMM)。在真实图像反射去除实验中证明了该方法相对于传统方法的优越性。
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引用次数: 1
Joint Channel Estimation and Hybrid Beamforming via Deep-Unfolding 基于深度展开的联合信道估计和混合波束形成
Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.23919/eusipco55093.2022.9909602
Kai Kang, Qiyu Hu, Yunlong Cai, Guanding Yu, J. Hoydis, Y. Eldar
In this work, we propose an end-to-end deep-unfolding neural network (NN) based joint channel estimation and hybrid beamforming (JCEHB) algorithm to maximize the sum rate in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Specifically, the recursive least-squares (RLS) and stochastic successive convex approximation (SSCA) algorithms are unfolded for channel estimation and hybrid beamforming, respectively. We consider a mixed-timescale scheme, where analog beamforming matrices are designed based on the channel state information (CSI) statistics once in each frame, while the digital beamforming matrices are designed at each time slot based on the equivalent CSI matrices. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly outperform conventional algorithms.
在这项工作中,我们提出了一种基于端到端深度展开神经网络(NN)的联合信道估计和混合波束形成(JCEHB)算法,以最大化大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)系统中的和速率。具体地说,分别对信道估计和混合波束形成提出了递推最小二乘(RLS)和随机连续凸逼近(SSCA)算法。我们考虑了一种混合时标方案,其中模拟波束形成矩阵是基于每帧一次的信道状态信息(CSI)统计设计的,而数字波束形成矩阵是基于等效的CSI矩阵在每个时隙设计的。仿真结果表明,该算法明显优于传统算法。
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引用次数: 0
Probabilistic Ultra-Wideband TDoA Localization with Bias Correction 带偏置校正的概率超宽带TDoA定位
Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.23919/eusipco55093.2022.9909651
Felix Vollmer, J. Grasshoff, P. Rostalski
Ultra-wideband (UWB) radio localization is a popular solution for indoor navigation. The time delay of radio signals between agents and anchors enables the inference of the agents' positions. The measurement of the time difference of arrival (TDoA) of these radio signals provides a scalable way to achieve localization. Due to factors like the antenna and room geometry TDoA measurements tend to contain a bias error. We present a probabilistic model-based approach to solve the TDoA localization problem with bias correction. By using stochastic variational Gaussian process (SVGP) regression with a tailored kernel we can exploit the problem structure and efficiently predict the measurement bias. Then we correct this bias by incorporating the Gaussian process (GP) predictions to a factor graph based localization scheme. The method is tested on data recorded from a quadrocopter and validated against an optical marker-based tracking. The framework manages to infer the location of the drone accurately and the proposed bias correction reduces localization errors significantly.
超宽带(UWB)无线电定位是一种流行的室内导航解决方案。智能体与锚点之间无线电信号的延时使得智能体的位置推断成为可能。测量这些无线电信号的到达时间差(TDoA)为实现定位提供了一种可扩展的方法。由于天线和房间几何形状等因素,TDoA测量往往包含偏差误差。提出了一种基于概率模型的带偏差校正的TDoA定位方法。采用带定制核的随机变分高斯过程(SVGP)回归可以利用问题的结构,有效地预测测量偏差。然后,我们通过将高斯过程(GP)预测结合到基于因子图的定位方案中来纠正这种偏差。该方法在四旋翼飞行器记录的数据上进行了测试,并对基于光学标记的跟踪进行了验证。该框架能够准确地推断无人机的位置,并且所提出的偏差校正大大减少了定位误差。
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引用次数: 0
Dyslexia detection in children using eye tracking data based on VGG16 network 基于VGG16网络的眼动数据检测儿童阅读障碍
Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.23919/eusipco55093.2022.9909817
Ivan A. Vajs, V. Ković, Tamara Papić, A. Savić, M. Janković
Considering the negative impact dyslexia has on school achievements, dyslexia diagnosis and treatment are found to be of great importance. In this paper, a deep convolutional neural network was developed to detect dyslexia in children ages 7–13, based on gathered eye tracking data. The children read a text written in Serbian on 13 different color configurations (including background and overlay color variations) and the raw gaze coordinates gathered during the trials were formatted into colored images and used to train a deep learning model based on the VGG16 architecture. Several configurations of the convolutional neural network were evaluated, as well as several trial segmentation configurations in order to provide the best overall result. The method was evaluated using subject-wise cross-validation and an accuracy of 87% was achieved. The obtained results show that a combination of convolutional neural network and visual encoding of the eye tracking data shows promising results in dyslexia detection with minimal preprocessing.
考虑到阅读障碍对学习成绩的负面影响,阅读障碍的诊断和治疗非常重要。在本文中,基于收集的眼动追踪数据,开发了一个深度卷积神经网络来检测7-13岁儿童的阅读障碍。孩子们阅读了一篇用塞尔维亚语写的13种不同颜色的文本(包括背景和覆盖颜色的变化),在试验期间收集的原始凝视坐标被格式化为彩色图像,并用于训练基于VGG16架构的深度学习模型。评估了卷积神经网络的几种配置,以及几种试验分割配置,以提供最佳的整体结果。采用受试者交叉验证对该方法进行评估,准确度达到87%。研究结果表明,将卷积神经网络与视觉编码相结合的眼动追踪数据在阅读障碍检测中具有良好的效果。
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引用次数: 8
Adversarial Attacks Against Audio Surveillance Systems 针对音频监控系统的对抗性攻击
Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.23919/eusipco55093.2022.9909635
S. Ntalampiras
The recent rise of adversarial machine learning highlights the vulnerabilities of various systems relevant in a wide range of application domains. This paper focuses on the important domain of automatic space surveillance based on the acoustic modality. After setting up a state of the art solution using log-Mel spectrogram modeled by a convolutional neural network, we systematically investigate the following four types of adversarial attacks: a) Fast Gradient Sign, b) Projected Gradient Descent, c) Jacobian Saliency Map, and d) Carlini & Wagner $ell_{infty}$. Experimental scenarios aiming at inducing false positives or negatives are considered, while attacks' efficiency are thoroughly examined. It is shown that several attack types are able to reach high success rate levels by injecting relatively small perturbations on the original audio signals. This underlines the need of suitable and effective defense strategies, which will boost reliability in machine learning based solution.
最近兴起的对抗性机器学习突出了与广泛应用领域相关的各种系统的脆弱性。本文重点研究了基于声模态的空间自动监视的重要领域。在使用卷积神经网络建模的对数- mel谱图建立了最先进的解决方案后,我们系统地研究了以下四种类型的对抗性攻击:a)快速梯度符号,b)投影梯度下降,c)雅可比显著性图,d) Carlini & Wagner $ell_{infty}$。考虑了旨在诱导假阳性或假阴性的实验场景,同时彻底检查了攻击的效率。结果表明,通过对原始音频信号注入相对较小的扰动,几种攻击类型能够达到较高的成功率水平。这强调了合适和有效的防御策略的必要性,这将提高基于机器学习的解决方案的可靠性。
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引用次数: 0
Inference with Deep Gaussian Process State Space Models 基于深度高斯过程状态空间模型的推理
Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.23919/eusipco55093.2022.9909843
Yuhao Liu, Marzieh Ajirak, P. Djurić
In this paper, we address the problem of sequential processing of observations modeled by deep Gaussian process state space models. First, we introduce the model where the Gaus-sian processes are based on random features and where both the transition and observation functions of the models are unknown. Then we propose a method that can estimate the unknowns of the model. The method allows for incremental learning of the system without requiring all the historical information. We also propose an ensemble version of the method, where each member of the ensemble has its own set of features. We show with computer simulations that the method can track the latent states up to scale and rotation.
本文研究了用深度高斯过程状态空间模型对观测值进行顺序处理的问题。首先,我们介绍了一个模型,其中高斯过程是基于随机特征的,模型的过渡函数和观测函数都是未知的。然后,我们提出了一种可以估计模型未知数的方法。该方法允许在不需要所有历史信息的情况下对系统进行增量学习。我们还提出了该方法的集成版本,其中集成的每个成员都有自己的一组特征。我们通过计算机模拟表明,该方法可以跟踪潜在状态的大小和旋转。
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引用次数: 4
Robust Estimation of Gaussian Mixture Models Using Anomaly Scores and Bayesian Information Criterion for Missing Value Imputation 基于异常分数和贝叶斯信息准则的高斯混合模型缺失值估计
Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.23919/eusipco55093.2022.9909815
Florian Mouret, Mohanad Albughdadi, S. Duthoit, D. Kouamé, J. Tourneret
The Expectation-Maximization algorithm is a very popular approach for estimating the parameters of Gaussian mixture models (GMMs). A known issue with GMM estimation is its sensitivity to outliers, which can lead to poor estimation performance depending on the dataset under consideration. A common approach to deal with this issue is robust estimation, which typically consists of reducing the influence of the outliers on the estimators by weighting the impact of some samples of the dataset considered as outliers. In an unsupervised context, it is difficult to know which sample from the database corresponds to a normal observation. To that extent, we propose to use within the EM algorithm an outlier detection step that attributes an anomaly score to each sample of the database in an unsupervised way. A modified Bayesian Information Criterion is also introduced to efficiently select the appropriate amount of outliers contained in a dataset. The proposed method is tested on a benchmark remote sensing dataset coming from the UCI Machine Learning Repository. The experimental results show the interest of the proposed robustification when compared to other benchmark imputation procedures.
期望最大化算法是估计高斯混合模型(GMMs)参数的一种非常流行的方法。GMM估计的一个已知问题是它对离群值的敏感性,根据所考虑的数据集,这可能导致较差的估计性能。处理这个问题的一种常用方法是稳健估计,它通常包括通过加权被认为是异常值的数据集的一些样本的影响来减少异常值对估计器的影响。在无监督的情况下,很难知道数据库中的哪个样本对应于正常的观察结果。在这种程度上,我们建议在EM算法中使用一个异常值检测步骤,该步骤以无监督的方式将异常评分归为数据库的每个样本。引入了一种改进的贝叶斯信息准则,以有效地选择数据集中包含的适当数量的异常值。在UCI机器学习库的基准遥感数据集上对该方法进行了测试。实验结果表明,与其他基准插值方法相比,所提出的鲁棒性更强。
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引用次数: 0
Wavelet transformation approaches for prediction of atrial fibrillation 小波变换在房颤预测中的应用
Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.23919/eusipco55093.2022.9909695
Hassan Serhal, Nassib Abdallah, J. Marion, P. Chauvet, Mohamad Oueidat, A. Humeau-Heurtier
Prediction of atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major issue in medicine. This is due to the fact that AF is often asymptomatic. In this work, we present approaches based on wavelet decomposition to find features in the signal that can predict this disease. Our model consists of four parts: pre-processing, feature extraction, feature selection, and classification for prediction. The presented work shows a good predictive performance (94% accuracy) before 5 min of AF onset and a prediction accuracy of 85.5%, 110 min before AF onset. Our code will be available for researchers upon request.
房颤(AF)的预测是医学上的一个主要问题。这是因为房颤通常是无症状的。在这项工作中,我们提出了基于小波分解的方法来寻找可以预测这种疾病的信号特征。该模型由预处理、特征提取、特征选择和分类预测四部分组成。本研究显示,在房颤发作前5分钟的预测准确率为94%,在房颤发作前110分钟的预测准确率为85.5%。我们的代码将提供给研究人员的要求。
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引用次数: 0
Fisher Information Neural Estimation Fisher信息神经估计
Pub Date : 2022-08-29 DOI: 10.23919/eusipco55093.2022.9909530
Tran Trong Duy, Ly V. Nguyen, V. Nguyen, N. Trung, K. Abed-Meraim
Fisher information is a fundamental quantity in information theory and signal processing. A direct analytical computation of the Fisher information is often infeasible or intractable due to the lack or sophistication of statistical models. In this paper, we propose a Fisher Information Neural Estimator (FINE) which is computationally efficient, highly accurate, and applicable for both cases of deterministic and random parame-ters. The proposed method solely depends on measured data and does not require knowledge or an estimate of the probability density function and is therefore universally applicable. We validate our approach using some experiments and compare with existing works. Numerical results show the high efficacy and low-computational complexity of the proposed estimation approach.
费雪信息是信息论和信号处理中的一个基本量。由于缺乏或复杂的统计模型,对费雪信息的直接解析计算往往是不可行的或难以处理的。本文提出了一种计算效率高、精度高的Fisher信息神经估计器(FINE),它既适用于确定性参数,也适用于随机参数。所提出的方法完全依赖于测量数据,不需要知识或估计概率密度函数,因此是普遍适用的。我们通过一些实验验证了我们的方法,并与现有的工作进行了比较。数值结果表明,该方法具有较高的估计效率和较低的计算复杂度。
{"title":"Fisher Information Neural Estimation","authors":"Tran Trong Duy, Ly V. Nguyen, V. Nguyen, N. Trung, K. Abed-Meraim","doi":"10.23919/eusipco55093.2022.9909530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/eusipco55093.2022.9909530","url":null,"abstract":"Fisher information is a fundamental quantity in information theory and signal processing. A direct analytical computation of the Fisher information is often infeasible or intractable due to the lack or sophistication of statistical models. In this paper, we propose a Fisher Information Neural Estimator (FINE) which is computationally efficient, highly accurate, and applicable for both cases of deterministic and random parame-ters. The proposed method solely depends on measured data and does not require knowledge or an estimate of the probability density function and is therefore universally applicable. We validate our approach using some experiments and compare with existing works. Numerical results show the high efficacy and low-computational complexity of the proposed estimation approach.","PeriodicalId":231263,"journal":{"name":"2022 30th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121975262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
期刊
2022 30th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)
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