One of the difficulties hindering the application of 3D printing technology in construction is related to the versatility of materials and components used to produce a building or other structure. The prospect of using this technology is further complicated by the sheer size of the edifices to be constructed. While 3D printing a mechanical component can now be done in someone’s basement with affordable and readily available equipment, applying the same technology to produce large structures and building components is a challenge. In recent years, researchers have been working towards overcoming this challenge by trying to develop new construction materials and methods that would be more suitable for the application of 3D printing technology. One of the approaches that can be considered is the combination of robotics technology with 3D printing to automate construction activities. The use of robots in construction has been proposed long before 3D printing became possible or known but never gained widespread construction site usage, mainly because of the difficulty associated with the automation of most construction tasks. However, the combination of 3D printing with robotics may be the way to change that. In this paper, the authors examine the suitability of 3D printing in a number of construction tasks and present ideas that modify established construction methods to make them more suitable for automation. The authors then examine how the introduction of robotics in conjunction with 3D printing to the construction site may make it possible to automate a number of construction tasks. Some of the benefits of such automation include lower safety risks, improved control over construction schedules, more economical construction, and a better ability to build in remote areas and challenging environments.
{"title":"A Synopsis of 3D Printing and Robotics Applications in Construction","authors":"S. Elhouar, M. Alzarrad, Samar Elhouar","doi":"10.3311/ccc2019-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ccc2019-105","url":null,"abstract":"One of the difficulties hindering the application of 3D printing technology in construction is related to the versatility of materials and components used to produce a building or other structure. The prospect of using this technology is further complicated by the sheer size of the edifices to be constructed. While 3D printing a mechanical component can now be done in someone’s basement with affordable and readily available equipment, applying the same technology to produce large structures and building components is a challenge. In recent years, researchers have been working towards overcoming this challenge by trying to develop new construction materials and methods that would be more suitable for the application of 3D printing technology. One of the approaches that can be considered is the combination of robotics technology with 3D printing to automate construction activities. The use of robots in construction has been proposed long before 3D printing became possible or known but never gained widespread construction site usage, mainly because of the difficulty associated with the automation of most construction tasks. However, the combination of 3D printing with robotics may be the way to change that. In this paper, the authors examine the suitability of 3D printing in a number of construction tasks and present ideas that modify established construction methods to make them more suitable for automation. The authors then examine how the introduction of robotics in conjunction with 3D printing to the construction site may make it possible to automate a number of construction tasks. Some of the benefits of such automation include lower safety risks, improved control over construction schedules, more economical construction, and a better ability to build in remote areas and challenging environments.","PeriodicalId":231420,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133915854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Digitalization transforms the design, construction and operation of buildings and brings promises of integrated information exchange, ease of communication and productivity improvements for the who ...
{"title":"Industrialized and Project-Based Construction - Standards Versus Business Models","authors":"N. Andersson, Jerker Lessing","doi":"10.3311/ccc2019-052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ccc2019-052","url":null,"abstract":"Digitalization transforms the design, construction and operation of buildings and brings promises of integrated information exchange, ease of communication and productivity improvements for the who ...","PeriodicalId":231420,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134127784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gul Polat, Harun Turkoglu, Atilla Damci, Firat Akin
Detection of unbalanced bids is crucial for owners because selecting an unbalanced bidder as the contractor may bring about cost overruns. There are two main types of unbalanced bids, namely, mathematically and materially unbalanced bid. This study mainly focuses on the second type, where a contractor tends to increase the unit prices of items whose quantity was somehow underrated by the owner’s team. This study proposes a modification to a model that was developed to assist owners in detecting unbalanced bids. The major difference between the proposed model and the previous one lies in the grading system of detecting the unbalanced bids. In the proposed model, eight different grading systems are used in detection of unbalanced bids, whereas the previous model consisted of five grading systems. The final score of each bidder is calculated by assigning weights to these grading systems. Bidders are evaluated not only according to the offered bid prices, but also according to the calculated final scores. The applicability of the proposed approach is presented along with an illustrative example. It was observed that the proposed model detected the unbalanced bid, which attains the lowest final score. The proposed model represents a marked improvement on existing practice and provides owners with a new perspective in detecting unbalanced bids. Armed with such a tool, it may be easier for owners to protect themselves from the risk of unbalanced bids.
{"title":"Improved Unbalanced Bid Detection Model","authors":"Gul Polat, Harun Turkoglu, Atilla Damci, Firat Akin","doi":"10.3311/ccc2019-051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ccc2019-051","url":null,"abstract":"Detection of unbalanced bids is crucial for owners because selecting an unbalanced bidder as the contractor may bring about cost overruns. There are two main types of unbalanced bids, namely, mathematically and materially unbalanced bid. This study mainly focuses on the second type, where a contractor tends to increase the unit prices of items whose quantity was somehow underrated by the owner’s team. This study proposes a modification to a model that was developed to assist owners in detecting unbalanced bids. The major difference between the proposed model and the previous one lies in the grading system of detecting the unbalanced bids. In the proposed model, eight different grading systems are used in detection of unbalanced bids, whereas the previous model consisted of five grading systems. The final score of each bidder is calculated by assigning weights to these grading systems. Bidders are evaluated not only according to the offered bid prices, but also according to the calculated final scores. The applicability of the proposed approach is presented along with an illustrative example. It was observed that the proposed model detected the unbalanced bid, which attains the lowest final score. The proposed model represents a marked improvement on existing practice and provides owners with a new perspective in detecting unbalanced bids. Armed with such a tool, it may be easier for owners to protect themselves from the risk of unbalanced bids.","PeriodicalId":231420,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116121633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the new directions in self-compacting concrete (SCC) research is the modification of its composition with the addition of nanoparticles, which due to their unique properties are believed to improve the mechanical properties of cementitious composites. An important issue concerning the mechanical behavior of concrete under compression load is the failure process. At the moment, however, there is no knowledge of the effect of nanoparticles on the failure process of compressed SCC. The aim of the work is to investigate the failure process of compressed self-compacting concrete based on coarse and fine granite aggregate made both without and with SiO 2 nanoparticles in the amount of 2.0% and 4.0% of the cement weight. The research includes the determination of the levels of the initial cracking stresses σ i and the critical stresses σ cr that delimit individual stages of the studied process. Investigations were carried out using the acoustic emission (AE) method, and during the tests the recorded descriptors were the sum of counts (N c ) and the average effective value of the acoustic emission signal (RMS). The paper shows that the addition of SiO 2 nanoparticles has a positive effect on the failure process of compressed SCC. Moreover, the practical aspect of the obtained results for engineering purposes is provided.
{"title":"Assessment of the Failure Process of Self-Compacting Concrete Modified With SIO2 Nanoparticles by Acoustic Emission Method","authors":"Paweł Niewiadomskia, J. Hola","doi":"10.3311/ccc2019-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ccc2019-014","url":null,"abstract":"One of the new directions in self-compacting concrete (SCC) research is the modification of its composition with the addition of nanoparticles, which due to their unique properties are believed to improve the mechanical properties of cementitious composites. An important issue concerning the mechanical behavior of concrete under compression load is the failure process. At the moment, however, there is no knowledge of the effect of nanoparticles on the failure process of compressed SCC. The aim of the work is to investigate the failure process of compressed self-compacting concrete based on coarse and fine granite aggregate made both without and with SiO 2 nanoparticles in the amount of 2.0% and 4.0% of the cement weight. The research includes the determination of the levels of the initial cracking stresses σ i and the critical stresses σ cr that delimit individual stages of the studied process. Investigations were carried out using the acoustic emission (AE) method, and during the tests the recorded descriptors were the sum of counts (N c ) and the average effective value of the acoustic emission signal (RMS). The paper shows that the addition of SiO 2 nanoparticles has a positive effect on the failure process of compressed SCC. Moreover, the practical aspect of the obtained results for engineering purposes is provided.","PeriodicalId":231420,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2019","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114559307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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