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2021 IEEE 17th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)最新文献

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Robust Image-based Visual Servoing for Autonomous Row Crop Following with Wheeled Mobile Robots* 轮式移动机器人自主行作物跟踪鲁棒图像视觉伺服*
Pub Date : 2021-08-23 DOI: 10.1109/CASE49439.2021.9551667
Gustavo B. P. Barbosa, Eduardo C. Da Silva, A. C. Leite
In this work, we present a new robust vision-based controller for wheeled mobile robots, equipped with a fixed monocular camera, to perform autonomous navigation in agricultural fields accurately. Here, we consider the existence of uncertainties in the parameters of the robot-camera system and external disturbances caused by high driving velocities, sparse plants, and terrain unevenness. Then, we design a robust image-based visual servoing (rIBVS) approach based on the sliding mode control (SMC) method for robot motion stabilization, even under the presence of such inaccuracies and perturbations. The vision-based controller, based on column and row primitives, is slightly modified to include a robustness term into the original feedback control laws to ensure successful row crop reaching and following tasks. We employ the Lyapunov stability theory to verify the stability and robustness properties of the overall closed-loop system. 3D computer simulations are carried out in the ROS-Gazebo platform, an open-source robotics simulator, using a differential-drive mobile robot (DDMR) in an ad-hoc developed row crop environment to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed control methodology.
在这项工作中,我们提出了一种新的基于鲁棒视觉的轮式移动机器人控制器,该控制器配备了固定的单目摄像机,可以在农田中精确地进行自主导航。在这里,我们考虑了机器人-相机系统参数的不确定性以及高行驶速度、稀疏植物和地形不平整引起的外部干扰。然后,我们设计了一种基于滑模控制(SMC)方法的鲁棒图像视觉伺服(rIBVS)方法,用于机器人运动稳定,即使在存在这些不准确性和摄动的情况下。基于视觉的控制器,基于列和行原语,稍加修改,在原始反馈控制律中加入鲁棒性项,以确保行作物成功到达和后续任务。利用李雅普诺夫稳定性理论验证了整个闭环系统的稳定性和鲁棒性。在开源机器人模拟器ROS-Gazebo平台上进行了三维计算机仿真,在特别开发的行作物环境中使用差动驱动移动机器人(DDMR)来说明所提出的控制方法的有效性和可行性。
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引用次数: 3
Predicting the Distribution of Product Completion Time in Multi-Product Manufacturing Systems 多产品制造系统中产品完成时间分布的预测
Pub Date : 2021-08-23 DOI: 10.1109/CASE49439.2021.9551468
Jing Huang, Q. Chang, J. Arinez
Product completion time is a random variable resulting from the random disturbances in production systems that delay the processing of products unexpectedly. Existing methods for product completion time prediction mostly predict its mean value. However, mean value only accounts for the first moment of a probability distribution, and is not sufficient for depicting the full spread of the product completion time. In this paper, we propose a novel method for predicting the probability distribution of production completion time by combining system model and deep learning. The original data collected from the plant floor are boosted through a model-based oversampling process. The location family of Tweedie distribution is discovered to fit the distribution of product competition time well. A hybrid framework is established to predict distribution parameters given system state as input, so as to predict the completion time distributions in a real-time fashion. The location parameter is analytically evaluated with system model. Other parameters are predicted or determined with data-driven methods, including a long-short term memory network and classic Tweedie prediction techniques.
产品完成时间是一个随机变量,由生产系统中的随机干扰导致产品加工的意外延迟。现有的产品完工时间预测方法多是预测其平均值。然而,均值只占概率分布的第一时刻,不足以描述产品完成时间的完整分布。本文提出了一种将系统模型与深度学习相结合的预测生产完工时间概率分布的新方法。从工厂车间收集的原始数据通过基于模型的过采样过程进行增强。发现Tweedie分布的位置族能很好地拟合产品竞争时间的分布。建立了以系统状态为输入预测分布参数的混合框架,实时预测完工时间分布。利用系统模型对定位参数进行了解析求解。其他参数的预测或确定与数据驱动的方法,包括长短期记忆网络和经典的Tweedie预测技术。
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引用次数: 1
Maintaining Connectivity in Multi-Rover Networks for Lunar Exploration Missions 维护月球探测任务中多月球车网络的连通性
Pub Date : 2021-08-23 DOI: 10.1109/CASE49439.2021.9551434
L. B. Paet, S. Santra, Mickaël Laîné, Kazuya Yoshida
This work focuses on the wireless connectivity of multi-agent lunar robotic systems and how it can be preserved during large-scale lunar exploration missions. In particular, we consider in this work the connectivity of systems composed of a single lunar module and several micro-rovers performing coordinated area coverage exploration tasks. To this end, we adopted a deterministic model for lunar radio propagation to predict the status of point-to-point communication links for agents operating on the moon. We then used this information to build a communication graph for the lunar micro-rover network. The Fiedler value, a metric derived from algebraic graph theory, was then utilized for evaluating the system's evolving network connectivity as the micro-rovers explore finite regions on the lunar surface. Simulations involving a network consisting of a single fixed lunar module and three mobile micro-rovers were performed to illustrate how the rovers' basic mobility can cause disruptions in network connectivity. Results of the simulations show that the overall connectivity of lunar multi-rover networks can be maintained by imposing constraints on the rovers' motion.
这项工作的重点是多智能体月球机器人系统的无线连接,以及如何在大规模月球探测任务中保持它。在这项工作中,我们特别考虑了由单个登月舱和多个执行协调区域覆盖探测任务的微型月球车组成的系统的连通性。为此,我们采用了月球无线电传播的确定性模型来预测在月球上运行的智能体点对点通信链路的状态。然后,我们利用这些信息建立了月球微型月球车网络的通信图。费德勒值是一个从代数图论推导出来的度量,当微型月球车探索月球表面有限区域时,它被用来评估系统不断发展的网络连通性。模拟了一个由单个固定登月舱和三个移动微型月球车组成的网络,以说明月球车的基本移动性如何导致网络连接中断。仿真结果表明,通过对月球车运动施加约束,可以保持月球车网络的整体连通性。
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引用次数: 0
Discovery of Mental Wellness via Social Analytics for Liveability in an Urban City 通过城市宜居性的社会分析发现心理健康
Pub Date : 2021-08-23 DOI: 10.1109/CASE49439.2021.9551606
Kar Way Tan
Smart cities, are often perceived as urban areas that use technologies to manage resources, improve economy and enhance community livelihood. In this paper, we share an approach which uses multiple sources of data for evidence-based analysis of the public's views, concerns and sentiments on the topic related to mental wellness. We hope to bring forth a better understanding of the existing concerns of the citizens and available social support. Our study leverages on social sensing via text mining and social network analysis to listen to the voices of the citizens through revealed content from web data sources, such as social media and public forums. By using hybrid data sources, we present the important considerations for mining inherent mental wellness concerns faced by the citizens. The outcome of the analysis includes, both the positive and negative sentiments towards mental wellness and draws relations to national level performance indicators relating to mental wellness. We hope our research could help authorities derive actionable plans for designing health services or public events that bring positive social mixing and happiness by addressing the mental wellness of the residents.
智慧城市通常被认为是利用技术管理资源、改善经济和改善社区生计的城市地区。在本文中,我们分享了一种方法,该方法使用多种数据来源,以证据为基础分析公众对心理健康相关主题的看法、担忧和情绪。我们希望更好地了解公民的现有关切和现有的社会支持。我们的研究通过文本挖掘和社会网络分析来利用社会感知,通过社交媒体和公共论坛等网络数据源的披露内容来倾听公民的声音。通过使用混合数据源,我们提出了挖掘公民面临的固有心理健康问题的重要考虑因素。分析的结果包括对心理健康的积极和消极情绪,并与与心理健康有关的国家一级绩效指标建立关系。我们希望我们的研究可以帮助当局制定可行的计划,设计健康服务或公共活动,通过解决居民的心理健康问题,带来积极的社会融合和幸福。
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引用次数: 0
A Deep Multimodal Network for Classification and Identification of Interventionists' Hand Motions during Cyborg Intravascular Catheterization 半机械人血管内置管过程中介入者手部运动的深度多模态网络分类和识别
Pub Date : 2021-08-23 DOI: 10.1109/CASE49439.2021.9551465
O. Omisore, Wenjing Du, Wenke Duan, Thanh-Nhon Do, Rita Orji, Lei Wang
Recent insights from human-robot intelligence and deep learning raise hope towards task-specific autonomy in robotic intravascular coronary interventions. However, lack of learning-based methods for characterizing the interventionists' kinesthetic data hinders the drive for shared control and robotic autonomy during cyborg catheterization. In this study, a deep multimodal network model is proposed for classification and recognition of interventionists' hand movements during cyborg intravascular catheterization. The model has two modules for extracting salient features in electromyography signal datasets, and classification of hand motions made during intravascular catheterization procedures. Network training and evaluation observed for in-vitro and in-vivo datasets obtained from trained novice subjects and expert with about 5 years of experience in percutaneous coronary interventions. Performance evaluation shows the learning model could classify interventionists' hand movements accurately in manual and robot-assisted navigations, respectively. This study is suggested to further stimulate the development of appropriate skill level assessments towards cyborg catheterization for cardiac interventions.
人机智能和深度学习的最新见解为机器人血管内冠状动脉介入治疗的特定任务自主性带来了希望。然而,缺乏基于学习的方法来表征干预者的动觉数据,阻碍了在机器人导尿过程中共享控制和机器人自主的动力。在这项研究中,提出了一个深度多模态网络模型,用于分类和识别介入者在半机械人血管内置管过程中的手部运动。该模型有两个模块,用于提取肌电信号数据集的显著特征,以及对血管内插管过程中手部运动的分类。从训练有素的新手受试者和具有大约5年经皮冠状动脉介入治疗经验的专家那里获得的体外和体内数据集观察到网络训练和评估。性能评估表明,该学习模型能够准确分类干预者在手动导航和机器人辅助导航中的手部动作。这项研究建议进一步刺激适当的技能水平评估的发展,以机器人导管心脏介入。
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引用次数: 3
Efficiently enforcing mutual state exclusion requirements in symbolic supervisor synthesis 符号监督综合中有效执行状态互斥要求
Pub Date : 2021-08-23 DOI: 10.1109/CASE49439.2021.9551593
S. Thuijsman, M. Reniers, Dennis Hendriks
Given a model of an uncontrolled system and a requirement specification, a supervisory controller can be synthesized so that the system under control adheres to the requirements. There are several ways in which informal behavioral safety requirements can be formalized, one of which is using mutual state exclusion requirements. In current implementations of the supervisor synthesis algorithm, synthesis may be inefficient when mutual state exclusion requirements are used. We propose a method to efficiently enforce these requirements in supervisor synthesis. We consider symbolic supervisor synthesis, where Binary Decision Diagrams are used to represent the system. The efficiency of the proposed method is evaluated by means of an industrial and academic case study.
给定一个非受控系统的模型和需求说明,可以合成一个监督控制器,以便受控系统遵循需求。有几种方法可以形式化非正式的行为安全需求,其中一种是使用互斥状态需求。在当前的监督综合算法的实现中,当使用互斥状态要求时,综合可能是低效的。我们提出了一种方法,以有效地执行这些要求,在监督综合。我们考虑符号监督综合,其中二元决策图用于表示系统。通过一个工业和学术案例分析,对该方法的有效性进行了评价。
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引用次数: 1
Visually Guided Needle Driving and Pull for Autonomous Suturing 视觉引导下的自动缝合引针和拉针
Pub Date : 2021-08-23 DOI: 10.1109/CASE49439.2021.9551453
Orhan Özgüner, Thomas Shkurti, Su Lu, W. Newman, M. C. Cavusoglu
This paper presents a visually-guided autonomous needle driving algorithm for autonomous robotic surgical suturing. Surgical needle tracking, needle path planning, and optimum needle grasp selection algorithms are employed. The procedure is performed in 5 major steps: needle grasp, needle hand-off, needle drive, needle regrasp, and needle pull. The performance of the procedure is experimentally evaluated using the physical da Vinci® surgical robotic system and da Vinci Research Kit (dVRK). Initial results suggest that the dVRK can successfully perform needle driving with visual guidance.
本文提出了一种用于自主手术缝合机器人的视觉引导自动针驱动算法。采用手术针跟踪、针路径规划和最佳抓针选择算法。该过程分为5个主要步骤:抓针、换针、驱动、再抓针和拔针。使用物理da Vinci®手术机器人系统和da Vinci Research Kit (dVRK)对该程序的性能进行实验评估。初步结果表明,dVRK可以在视觉引导下成功进行针入。
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引用次数: 1
Stochastic Image-based Visual Predictive Control 基于随机图像的视觉预测控制
Pub Date : 2021-08-23 DOI: 10.1109/CASE49439.2021.9551441
S. Sajjadi, M. M. H. Fallah, M. Mehrandezh, F. Janabi-Sharifi
Image-based visual predictive controllers have gained attention due to their optimality and constraint-handling capabilities. However, their performance deteriorates in presence of the modelling and measurement uncertainties. This paper presents a stochastic image-based visual predictive control method to overcome some shortcomings of the previous schemes cited in literature. In particular, the proposed approach provides a systematic solution to address the image-based constraint compliance in presence of the measurement and modelling uncertainties. The proposed method was implemented on a 6-DOF Denso robot via simulation.
基于图像的可视预测控制器因其最优性和约束处理能力而备受关注。然而,在存在建模和测量不确定性的情况下,它们的性能会下降。本文提出了一种基于随机图像的可视化预测控制方法,以克服以往文献中提到的方案的一些缺点。特别是,所提出的方法提供了一个系统的解决方案,以解决在存在测量和建模不确定性的情况下基于图像的约束合规性问题。通过模拟,在一个 6-DOF Denso 机器人上实现了所提出的方法。
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引用次数: 1
Mobility Improvement on the Two-Wheeled Dynamically Balanced Robot – $mathrm{J}4.beta$ 两轮动平衡机器人的移动性能改进[J] . [β]
Pub Date : 2021-08-23 DOI: 10.1109/CASE49439.2021.9551427
Yu-Cheng Hsu, Ming C. Lin, C. G. Li
Dynamically self-balancing wheeled robots possess the characteristics of having a small footprint, low base-to-height ratios, high accelerations and speeds, and low costs. They are suitable for working in human-centric environments. As part of our ongoing effort in creating self-balancing wheeled robots, in this article, we reported the development of our latest model – $mathrm{J}4.beta$. In contrast to the previous model – $mathrm{J}4.alpha$, the new model has a greater dynamic mass-to-total ratio; thus, the acceleration and the ultimate speed are both increased. Here, the maximum speed of 4.4 m/s of the motion platform is achievable by $mathrm{J}4.beta$. We analyzed the system dynamics and had confirmations from measurements; a speed servo system was developed based on PID control. To simplify the dynamics of the mobile robot, a stepper motor instead of a DC motor was adopted for the actuation of the dynamic mass; the overall controlled plant could be approximated as a second-order system. To acquire the PID coefficients, a series of road tests were performed in a common office building. A set of suitable PID coefficients was obtained and verified by three speeds: 0.5 m/s, 1 m/s, and 2 m/s. The speed curves exhibited fast ramp-up, low overshoot, setpoint matching, and low oscillation. For regulation testing, a zero speed was set and external disturbance was applied. The robot was witnessed to slow down rapidly and remain stationary without intensive oscillation. While constructing the autonomous navigation and remote control systems for the mobile robot, the sampling rate of the control system was largely upgraded to 4k Hz to achieve a better tracking and regulation ability.
动态自平衡轮式机器人具有占地面积小、底高比低、加速度和速度高、成本低等特点。它们适合在以人为中心的环境中工作。作为我们不断努力创造自平衡轮式机器人的一部分,在这篇文章中,我们报告了我们最新模型的发展- $mathrm{J}4.beta$。与之前的模型- $mathrm{J}4.alpha$相比,新模型具有更大的动态质量与总比;因此,加速度和最终速度都增加了。在这里,运动平台的最大速度为4.4米/秒,可通过$mathrm{J}4.beta$实现。我们分析了系统动力学,并从测量中得到了证实;设计了一种基于PID控制的速度伺服系统。为了简化移动机器人的动力学,采用步进电机代替直流电动机来驱动动态质量;整个被控对象可以近似为一个二阶系统。为了获得PID系数,在某普通办公楼进行了一系列道路试验。通过0.5 m/s、1 m/s和2 m/s三种速度,得到了一组合适的PID系数。速度曲线表现出快速上升、低超调、设定值匹配和低振荡。在调节试验中,设置零转速并施加外部干扰。机器人可以快速减速并保持静止,没有剧烈的振荡。在构建移动机器人自主导航和远程控制系统时,控制系统的采样率大幅提升至4k Hz,以获得更好的跟踪和调节能力。
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引用次数: 0
A Novel Architecture for Cyber-Physical Production Systems in Industry 4.0 工业4.0中信息物理生产系统的新架构
Pub Date : 2021-08-23 DOI: 10.1109/CASE49439.2021.9551464
Francisco J. Huertos, Beatriz Chicote, Manuel Masenlle, Mikel Ayuso
The Hyperconnected Architecture for High Cognitive Production Plants (HyperCOG) project aims at the process industry's complete digital transformation through an advanced Industrial Cyber-Physical Infrastructure. It is based on advanced technologies that allow a hyperconnected network of digital nodes to be created improving the classic automation hierarchy of communication layers. The nodes will collect data streams in real-time, offering cognitive sensing and information along with high performance computing capabilities making the process industry businesses solid in different scenarios. The system is validated in three fields of the process industry: steel, cement and chemical where optimization in the use of energy and raw materials is obtained, among other benefits.
高认知生产工厂的超连接架构(HyperCOG)项目旨在通过先进的工业网络物理基础设施实现过程工业的完全数字化转型。它基于先进的技术,可以创建一个由数字节点组成的超连接网络,从而改进通信层的经典自动化层次结构。这些节点将实时收集数据流,提供认知感知和信息以及高性能计算能力,使流程工业业务在不同场景下都能站稳脚跟。该系统在过程工业的三个领域进行了验证:钢铁、水泥和化工,在这些领域中,能源和原材料的使用得到了优化,以及其他好处。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2021 IEEE 17th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)
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