Five young researchers presented their studies in the field of traditional Japanese herbal medicine (Wakan‐yaku) at the second annual young researcher forum entitled “Growing Research Buds by Young Investigators,” held during the annual meeting of the Japan Society of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Traditional Medicine 2021. Mr. Yoneda presented exploratory research on new pharmaceutical seed compounds from garlic (Allium sativum). Dr. Yang investigated whether diosgenin promoted proper axonal regeneration in the brain using a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Her study clarified the molecular mechanisms of the diosgenin‐driven accurate pathfinding of injured axons. Mr. Nishihara presented his research on promoting the effective utilization of Phellodendron trees in Nara Prefecture. His research team evaluated the possibility of short‐term cultivation, screened for useful components in the leaves. Dr. Ogawa used the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database, which contains reports of side effects associated with drug treatment, to demonstrate the effectiveness of hokizai in reducing side effects, particularly those of anticancer drugs. Dr. Kitamura reported that Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson fruit extract and the isolated active ingredients, osthol and imperatorin, strongly inhibited the activity of furin‐like enzymes. Further screening indicated that root extracts of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi suppressed cell syncytial formation by the S protein. The event was held online, and we had 86 participants. We can improve this forum in terms of format, frequency, and publicity activities; however, we hope to hold this forum in 2022 and in the future.
{"title":"Conference report: Second annual young researcher forum of the Japan Society of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Traditional Medicine","authors":"Tetsuhiro Yoshino, Taichi Yoneda, Ximeng Yang, Masakazu Nishihara, Keiko Ogawa, Masashi Kitamura, Hirokazu Ando, Souichi Nakashima, Ichiro Horie","doi":"10.1002/tkm2.1311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tkm2.1311","url":null,"abstract":"Five young researchers presented their studies in the field of traditional Japanese herbal medicine (Wakan‐yaku) at the second annual young researcher forum entitled “Growing Research Buds by Young Investigators,” held during the annual meeting of the Japan Society of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Traditional Medicine 2021. Mr. Yoneda presented exploratory research on new pharmaceutical seed compounds from garlic (Allium sativum). Dr. Yang investigated whether diosgenin promoted proper axonal regeneration in the brain using a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Her study clarified the molecular mechanisms of the diosgenin‐driven accurate pathfinding of injured axons. Mr. Nishihara presented his research on promoting the effective utilization of Phellodendron trees in Nara Prefecture. His research team evaluated the possibility of short‐term cultivation, screened for useful components in the leaves. Dr. Ogawa used the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database, which contains reports of side effects associated with drug treatment, to demonstrate the effectiveness of hokizai in reducing side effects, particularly those of anticancer drugs. Dr. Kitamura reported that Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson fruit extract and the isolated active ingredients, osthol and imperatorin, strongly inhibited the activity of furin‐like enzymes. Further screening indicated that root extracts of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi suppressed cell syncytial formation by the S protein. The event was held online, and we had 86 participants. We can improve this forum in terms of format, frequency, and publicity activities; however, we hope to hold this forum in 2022 and in the future.","PeriodicalId":23213,"journal":{"name":"Traditional & Kampo Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79987590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Ono, A. Hirayama, K. Wada, Jianbo Wu, H. Matsuda
To The Editor Common pathological conditions are suggested to lead to various renal diseases such as diabetic nephropathy, chronic nephritis, and nephrosclerosis. Among these renal diseases, it is also necessary to keep in mind systemic complications such as those of the cardiovascular system. Therefore, they are collectively called chronic kidney disease (CKD). The severity classification of CKD consists of two components: the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) classification on the vertical axis, and the amount of urinary protein or urinary albumin on the horizontal axis. It has also been pointed out that the amount of urinary protein and the presence of hypertension have a significant effect on the prognosis of CKD progression. Kampo treatment is useful in many situations during the long disease course of CKD. In Kampo medicine, the pathophysiology of Oketsu (blood stasis) in CKD development is considered the background. At this symposium, an overview of Kampo treatment in dialysis-dependent and non-dialysis-dependent CKD, live imaging of anti-oketsu effects of Kampo prescriptions, and the effects of Kampo medicines on hypertension will be introduced. We hope that this session on CKD and hypertension will be beneficial for the audience and CKD treatment. The first presentation is “Clinical Aspects of NonDialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).” We will outline traditional Kampo medicines for nondialysis-dependent CKD. In rat glomerulonephritis, saireito reduced urinary protein, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)and ED-1-positive cells (macrophages). It is reported that saireito involves suppression of the upregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6. Saireito is useful for non-dialysis-dependent CKD, which is mainly accompanied by proteinuria. Saireito is often used in combination with angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs); and there is room to consider tripartite combinations with mineral corticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) [1]. Nephrosclerosis is usually caused by hypertension, and shichimotsukokato or hachimijiogan should be considered. In an irreversible rat glomerulonephritis model, shichimotsukokato suppressed elevation of systolic blood pressure and glomerular hypertrophy. Hachimijiogan is also used for diabetic nephropathy leading to advanced non-dialysis-dependent CKD. In order to judge the therapeutic effect, we need to apply traditional Kampo medicines to CKD, keeping in mind not only serum creatinine but also control of hypertension and minimization of urinary protein, which closely affect prognosis. When hypokalemia develops, it is necessary to consider discontinuing the licorice-rich preparation, or using MRAs in addition. The second presentation is “Live Imaging of AntiOketsu Effects of Kampo Prescriptions Used for Chronic Kidney Disease.” Oketsu (blood stasis) is a characteristic condition of Kampo and includes multiple aspects of hemodynamic disorders in arteries, arterioles and capillarie
{"title":"Significance of Kampo medicine in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension “1st International Symposium on Kampo Medicine”","authors":"T. Ono, A. Hirayama, K. Wada, Jianbo Wu, H. Matsuda","doi":"10.1002/tkm2.1327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tkm2.1327","url":null,"abstract":"To The Editor Common pathological conditions are suggested to lead to various renal diseases such as diabetic nephropathy, chronic nephritis, and nephrosclerosis. Among these renal diseases, it is also necessary to keep in mind systemic complications such as those of the cardiovascular system. Therefore, they are collectively called chronic kidney disease (CKD). The severity classification of CKD consists of two components: the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) classification on the vertical axis, and the amount of urinary protein or urinary albumin on the horizontal axis. It has also been pointed out that the amount of urinary protein and the presence of hypertension have a significant effect on the prognosis of CKD progression. Kampo treatment is useful in many situations during the long disease course of CKD. In Kampo medicine, the pathophysiology of Oketsu (blood stasis) in CKD development is considered the background. At this symposium, an overview of Kampo treatment in dialysis-dependent and non-dialysis-dependent CKD, live imaging of anti-oketsu effects of Kampo prescriptions, and the effects of Kampo medicines on hypertension will be introduced. We hope that this session on CKD and hypertension will be beneficial for the audience and CKD treatment. The first presentation is “Clinical Aspects of NonDialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).” We will outline traditional Kampo medicines for nondialysis-dependent CKD. In rat glomerulonephritis, saireito reduced urinary protein, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)and ED-1-positive cells (macrophages). It is reported that saireito involves suppression of the upregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6. Saireito is useful for non-dialysis-dependent CKD, which is mainly accompanied by proteinuria. Saireito is often used in combination with angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs); and there is room to consider tripartite combinations with mineral corticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) [1]. Nephrosclerosis is usually caused by hypertension, and shichimotsukokato or hachimijiogan should be considered. In an irreversible rat glomerulonephritis model, shichimotsukokato suppressed elevation of systolic blood pressure and glomerular hypertrophy. Hachimijiogan is also used for diabetic nephropathy leading to advanced non-dialysis-dependent CKD. In order to judge the therapeutic effect, we need to apply traditional Kampo medicines to CKD, keeping in mind not only serum creatinine but also control of hypertension and minimization of urinary protein, which closely affect prognosis. When hypokalemia develops, it is necessary to consider discontinuing the licorice-rich preparation, or using MRAs in addition. The second presentation is “Live Imaging of AntiOketsu Effects of Kampo Prescriptions Used for Chronic Kidney Disease.” Oketsu (blood stasis) is a characteristic condition of Kampo and includes multiple aspects of hemodynamic disorders in arteries, arterioles and capillarie","PeriodicalId":23213,"journal":{"name":"Traditional & Kampo Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82671469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Friedemann, H. Yufeng, N. Kawano, Nam Hyoju, Ichiro Arai
Traditional medicines have developed independently in every region and are currently used under the regulation of each country based on the historical and cultural background. If attempts are made to spread these traditional medicines to other countries with different histories, cultures, and regulations, various problems may occur. The following presentations show how the globalization of traditional medicines is considered in Europe, China, Japan, and Korea. Needless to say, traditional medicines are medicines, and it is important to ensure their efficacy and safety for any person. Although the globalization of traditional medicines has various problems at present, I hope that they can be made available globally in an appropriate manner, and they will benefit people of the world. The first presentation is “Role of Traditional Herbal Medicine for Healthcare in Germany and Europe.” The use of herbal medicine (HM) as part of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has increased significantly in recent decades. This presentation will provide insights into the role of HM in Germany and the European Union (EU) in terms of regulations, usage and safety, as well as its role in the health care system. The organization and regulation of health care in the EU is the responsibility of the member states. Until now there is no common approach to regulate CAM practice. This leads to a variety of regional, national and EU legal regulations. CAM treatment is in most EU member states not covered by the public health insurance and patients must bear the cost of treatment themselves. Regardless of these hurdles, the usage of HM is common and widespread in the EU population with high prevalence rates, which shows that it plays an important role in public health care. For the safe and effective use of HM, it is urgently necessary to create uniform and transparent standards for the training of physicians and practitioners, and to make the results of research concerning the efficacy and safety of HM easily accessible to therapists and patients to increase trust in HM. The second presentation is entitled “Progress and Status of International Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine in China.” International standardization plays an important role in supporting the modernization and internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine. China actively participates in the international standardization of traditional Chinese medicine. In the 1980s, China drafted and formulated the international standard for “Meridian Names” through the World Health Organization. International organizations of traditional Chinese medicine such as the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies and the World Federation of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Societies have also issued international organization standards for traditional Chinese medicine. In 2019, traditional medicine such as traditional Chinese medicine was included in the 11th revision of the International Classificati
{"title":"Globalization of traditional herbal medicines“1st International Symposium on Kampo Medicine”","authors":"T. Friedemann, H. Yufeng, N. Kawano, Nam Hyoju, Ichiro Arai","doi":"10.1002/tkm2.1323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tkm2.1323","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional medicines have developed independently in every region and are currently used under the regulation of each country based on the historical and cultural background. If attempts are made to spread these traditional medicines to other countries with different histories, cultures, and regulations, various problems may occur. The following presentations show how the globalization of traditional medicines is considered in Europe, China, Japan, and Korea. Needless to say, traditional medicines are medicines, and it is important to ensure their efficacy and safety for any person. Although the globalization of traditional medicines has various problems at present, I hope that they can be made available globally in an appropriate manner, and they will benefit people of the world. The first presentation is “Role of Traditional Herbal Medicine for Healthcare in Germany and Europe.” The use of herbal medicine (HM) as part of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has increased significantly in recent decades. This presentation will provide insights into the role of HM in Germany and the European Union (EU) in terms of regulations, usage and safety, as well as its role in the health care system. The organization and regulation of health care in the EU is the responsibility of the member states. Until now there is no common approach to regulate CAM practice. This leads to a variety of regional, national and EU legal regulations. CAM treatment is in most EU member states not covered by the public health insurance and patients must bear the cost of treatment themselves. Regardless of these hurdles, the usage of HM is common and widespread in the EU population with high prevalence rates, which shows that it plays an important role in public health care. For the safe and effective use of HM, it is urgently necessary to create uniform and transparent standards for the training of physicians and practitioners, and to make the results of research concerning the efficacy and safety of HM easily accessible to therapists and patients to increase trust in HM. The second presentation is entitled “Progress and Status of International Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine in China.” International standardization plays an important role in supporting the modernization and internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine. China actively participates in the international standardization of traditional Chinese medicine. In the 1980s, China drafted and formulated the international standard for “Meridian Names” through the World Health Organization. International organizations of traditional Chinese medicine such as the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies and the World Federation of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Societies have also issued international organization standards for traditional Chinese medicine. In 2019, traditional medicine such as traditional Chinese medicine was included in the 11th revision of the International Classificati","PeriodicalId":23213,"journal":{"name":"Traditional & Kampo Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72812366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kenji Watanabe, Danbo Dou, T. Hoshino, Munenori Saito
To The Editor The traditional medicine (TM) chapter in the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD11) has been newly introduced as a result of many years of activity. This is an epoch-marking step that may influence the various TMs used throughout the world. Kampo medicine has been developed as the traditional Japanese medicine, apart from the traditional Chinese medicine, and is widely used in daily clinical practice. Since Kampo medicine is used under a unified medical system in Western medicine, diagnosis is performed in Western medicine using the other chapters of ICD, and Kampo medicine diagnosis should include the codes of the TM patterns. In this symposium, in addition to summarizing the TM chapter0s development process, the issues of domestic implementation in China and Japan, including Japanese acupuncture and moxibustion, will be discussed. The first presentation is ‘Development of TM Chapter of ICD-11.’ In the 72nd World Health Assembly in 2019, ICD-11 was endorsed. The development of the new TM chapter started in 2005, by WHO Western Pacific Regional Office (WHO WPRO). In 2008, the beta version of the international classification of TM was developed. In 2009, this development was passed to the WHO headquarter, and the expanded TM conference was held in Hong Kong. The development of the TM chapter in the WHO headquarter was officially launched in 2010, with the simultaneous press release in Geneva and Tokyo. An international team was formed to develop the TM chapter, including China, Japan, Korea, Australia, the United States, the UK, and so on. Despite many challenges in the development, the team overcame them one by one, and the new chapter was finalized in 2018. ICD-11 is planned to start implementation in 2022. The TM chapter is expected by TM practitioners; however, at the same time, there are many criticisms. We need to show that the TM chapter is feasible and contributes to the global health statistics, through the implementation of this new chapter. The second presentation is ‘Implementation of ICD11 TM1 in China.’ In 2018, the National Health Commission had already officially issued a document to promote the clinical application of ICD-11, which includes the TM chapter. To make a good connection between GB (Guo jia Biao zhun)95, GB97, and ICD-11 and promote the localization of ICD-11 TM module 1 (TM1), the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SATCM) has revised GB95 and GB97 and has officially issued GB2021 as a replacement standard. GB2021 has 1369 disorders and 2060 patterns. We have performed a two-way mapping between GB2021 and ICD-11 TM1. We are also trying to put together a complete coding system compliant with national standards and taking into account the ICD-11 TM1. In 2021, we conducted tests in 22 hospitals in Shanghai and obtained some preliminary information. We will continue to gather more feedback and establish a collaborative mechanism for information sharing for possi
{"title":"Development and implementation of ICD‐11 traditional medicine chapter“1st International Symposium on Kampo Medicine”","authors":"Kenji Watanabe, Danbo Dou, T. Hoshino, Munenori Saito","doi":"10.1002/tkm2.1330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tkm2.1330","url":null,"abstract":"To The Editor The traditional medicine (TM) chapter in the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD11) has been newly introduced as a result of many years of activity. This is an epoch-marking step that may influence the various TMs used throughout the world. Kampo medicine has been developed as the traditional Japanese medicine, apart from the traditional Chinese medicine, and is widely used in daily clinical practice. Since Kampo medicine is used under a unified medical system in Western medicine, diagnosis is performed in Western medicine using the other chapters of ICD, and Kampo medicine diagnosis should include the codes of the TM patterns. In this symposium, in addition to summarizing the TM chapter0s development process, the issues of domestic implementation in China and Japan, including Japanese acupuncture and moxibustion, will be discussed. The first presentation is ‘Development of TM Chapter of ICD-11.’ In the 72nd World Health Assembly in 2019, ICD-11 was endorsed. The development of the new TM chapter started in 2005, by WHO Western Pacific Regional Office (WHO WPRO). In 2008, the beta version of the international classification of TM was developed. In 2009, this development was passed to the WHO headquarter, and the expanded TM conference was held in Hong Kong. The development of the TM chapter in the WHO headquarter was officially launched in 2010, with the simultaneous press release in Geneva and Tokyo. An international team was formed to develop the TM chapter, including China, Japan, Korea, Australia, the United States, the UK, and so on. Despite many challenges in the development, the team overcame them one by one, and the new chapter was finalized in 2018. ICD-11 is planned to start implementation in 2022. The TM chapter is expected by TM practitioners; however, at the same time, there are many criticisms. We need to show that the TM chapter is feasible and contributes to the global health statistics, through the implementation of this new chapter. The second presentation is ‘Implementation of ICD11 TM1 in China.’ In 2018, the National Health Commission had already officially issued a document to promote the clinical application of ICD-11, which includes the TM chapter. To make a good connection between GB (Guo jia Biao zhun)95, GB97, and ICD-11 and promote the localization of ICD-11 TM module 1 (TM1), the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SATCM) has revised GB95 and GB97 and has officially issued GB2021 as a replacement standard. GB2021 has 1369 disorders and 2060 patterns. We have performed a two-way mapping between GB2021 and ICD-11 TM1. We are also trying to put together a complete coding system compliant with national standards and taking into account the ICD-11 TM1. In 2021, we conducted tests in 22 hospitals in Shanghai and obtained some preliminary information. We will continue to gather more feedback and establish a collaborative mechanism for information sharing for possi","PeriodicalId":23213,"journal":{"name":"Traditional & Kampo Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76719742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yohei Sasaki, K. Komatsu, S. Hayashi, E. Kodaira, Shengli Wei, N. Kawano, K. Yoshimatsu
The first presentation is “ Study on Processing Methods for Angelicae acutilobae Radix Developed in Japan. ” Angelicae acutilobae Radix (AaR) is derived from the root of the endemic species Angelica acutiloba (Siebold & Zucc.) Kitag. that has been produced by a method developed in Japan. Methods like rack drying and washing the roots with hot water while kneading them are innovatory as they potentially exert the medicinal properties suitable for both the climate of Japan and the constitution of the Japanese body. However, evidence between the processing condition and the medicinal effects of AaR has not yet been clarified, which leads to an obstacle to define the efficacy or the mechanization of the production process. Angelica expected research Production efficient AaR.
{"title":"Toward the sustainable use of Kampo medicines “1st International Symposium on Kampo Medicine”","authors":"Yohei Sasaki, K. Komatsu, S. Hayashi, E. Kodaira, Shengli Wei, N. Kawano, K. Yoshimatsu","doi":"10.1002/tkm2.1328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tkm2.1328","url":null,"abstract":"The first presentation is “ Study on Processing Methods for Angelicae acutilobae Radix Developed in Japan. ” Angelicae acutilobae Radix (AaR) is derived from the root of the endemic species Angelica acutiloba (Siebold & Zucc.) Kitag. that has been produced by a method developed in Japan. Methods like rack drying and washing the roots with hot water while kneading them are innovatory as they potentially exert the medicinal properties suitable for both the climate of Japan and the constitution of the Japanese body. However, evidence between the processing condition and the medicinal effects of AaR has not yet been clarified, which leads to an obstacle to define the efficacy or the mechanization of the production process. Angelica expected research Production efficient AaR.","PeriodicalId":23213,"journal":{"name":"Traditional & Kampo Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75557796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Mamiya, Y. Yakazu, Miho Nakanishi, Reißenweber‐Hewel Heidrun, S. Hamaguchi
To The Editor In this article, we report from Japan and Germany on the practical application of Kampo therapy for pain in clinical practice and in basic research. Kampo is a traditional Japanese therapeutic medicine that is mostly derived from classical Chinese medicine and was introduced into Japan between the 5th and 6th centuries. Over the years, unique methods for diagnosis, herbal formulas, and therapeutic approaches using Kampo have been developed in Japan. Japanese public insurance coverage of Kampo treatment started in 1961. Permission for medical use of six Kampo extracts was granted in 1967 [1]. Approximately 150 kinds of Kampo medicine are covered by government health insurance, and in general, Kampo therapy became a complementary and alternative medicine that can be easily incorporated into Western medicine. Many countries around the world practice integrative medicine in the form of modern medicine plus alternative and complementary medicine, but only a few, such as Japan, practice integrative medicine in the form of incorporating traditional medicine with modern medicine. The reason for this lies in differences in the licensing of physicians. In China and Korea, there used to be two licenses, one for modern medicine and the other for traditional medicine, but in Japan, the licenses were unified. Therefore, with one license, it is possible to practice integrative medicine, making full use of not only modern medicine but also traditional medicine. Many Japanese pain clinicians use Kampo medicine. Kampo is used for patients who do not respond well to Western medicine, patients with side effects from Western medicine, elderly people, and patients who want to be treated with Kampo medicine. In pain clinic, Kampo medicine is effective for the treatment of headaches (migraine, tension headache, cluster headache), lumbago, post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN), and, especially, sympathetically maintained pain. It has been used for the treatment of acute and chronic pain. On the basis of this background, Hiromichi Yasui classified Kampo treatment into four types. Knowing which type of Kampo treatment is currently being practiced is clinically beneficial to the practitioner because it can clarify the form of Kampo treatment. Type 1 includes Kampo treatment that is better than standard Western medical treatment and is thus used alone. In type 2, the effects of standard Western medical treatment and Kampo treatment are strengthened by using the two in combination. In type 3, the side effects of standard Western medical treatment can be mitigated in combination with Kampo treatment. In type 4, treatment is needed, but standard Western medical treatment cannot be applied. In the setting of clinical practice for pain treatment, we also consider the four types from the viewpoint of integrative medicine [2]. In Japan, basic research on pain (especially neuropathic pain) in Kampo medicine has been active in recent years. Neuropathic pain is refractory to tre
{"title":"Significance of Kampo medicine in pain clinic “1st International Symposium on Kampo Medicine”","authors":"K. Mamiya, Y. Yakazu, Miho Nakanishi, Reißenweber‐Hewel Heidrun, S. Hamaguchi","doi":"10.1002/tkm2.1336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tkm2.1336","url":null,"abstract":"To The Editor In this article, we report from Japan and Germany on the practical application of Kampo therapy for pain in clinical practice and in basic research. Kampo is a traditional Japanese therapeutic medicine that is mostly derived from classical Chinese medicine and was introduced into Japan between the 5th and 6th centuries. Over the years, unique methods for diagnosis, herbal formulas, and therapeutic approaches using Kampo have been developed in Japan. Japanese public insurance coverage of Kampo treatment started in 1961. Permission for medical use of six Kampo extracts was granted in 1967 [1]. Approximately 150 kinds of Kampo medicine are covered by government health insurance, and in general, Kampo therapy became a complementary and alternative medicine that can be easily incorporated into Western medicine. Many countries around the world practice integrative medicine in the form of modern medicine plus alternative and complementary medicine, but only a few, such as Japan, practice integrative medicine in the form of incorporating traditional medicine with modern medicine. The reason for this lies in differences in the licensing of physicians. In China and Korea, there used to be two licenses, one for modern medicine and the other for traditional medicine, but in Japan, the licenses were unified. Therefore, with one license, it is possible to practice integrative medicine, making full use of not only modern medicine but also traditional medicine. Many Japanese pain clinicians use Kampo medicine. Kampo is used for patients who do not respond well to Western medicine, patients with side effects from Western medicine, elderly people, and patients who want to be treated with Kampo medicine. In pain clinic, Kampo medicine is effective for the treatment of headaches (migraine, tension headache, cluster headache), lumbago, post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN), and, especially, sympathetically maintained pain. It has been used for the treatment of acute and chronic pain. On the basis of this background, Hiromichi Yasui classified Kampo treatment into four types. Knowing which type of Kampo treatment is currently being practiced is clinically beneficial to the practitioner because it can clarify the form of Kampo treatment. Type 1 includes Kampo treatment that is better than standard Western medical treatment and is thus used alone. In type 2, the effects of standard Western medical treatment and Kampo treatment are strengthened by using the two in combination. In type 3, the side effects of standard Western medical treatment can be mitigated in combination with Kampo treatment. In type 4, treatment is needed, but standard Western medical treatment cannot be applied. In the setting of clinical practice for pain treatment, we also consider the four types from the viewpoint of integrative medicine [2]. In Japan, basic research on pain (especially neuropathic pain) in Kampo medicine has been active in recent years. Neuropathic pain is refractory to tre","PeriodicalId":23213,"journal":{"name":"Traditional & Kampo Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89715536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Nakae, Tomomichi Kan’o, Yasuhito Irie, K. Tokunaga, Masayuki Kashima, Liu Xuezheng
In the medical environment which favors modern Western medicine, treatment with Oriental medicine is not common in emergency and critical-care medicine. Nevertheless, treatments for acute infection, poisoning, or resuscitation are described in Shanghan Lun (Zhang Zhongjing version), and these descriptions were regarded as “emergency manuals” in their times. We should apply such manuals as a gift of wisdom from our ancestors and use them as suitable for modern society. Herein, we would like to discuss that Oriental treatments such as traditional Japanese medicine, Kampo, and traditional Chinses medicine, TCM, including acupuncture are effective in emergency and critical care. The quality of acute treatment strategies may improve by utilizing every available medical resource and practice such as Western and Oriental medicines. The first presentation is “Two Cases of CommunityAcquired Pneumonia with Good Clinical Course Treated with Shosaikoto or Saireito.” Introduction: It has been suggested that shosaikoto is useful in combination therapy with antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia [1], but it is not mentioned in guidelines and is not incorporated into general practice, probably because of concerns about interstitial pneumonia caused by shosaikoto, despite its efficacy. We compared the clinical course of two patients with community-acquired pneumonia treated with shosaikoto and saireito, a fixeddose combination of shosaikoto and goreisan, with that of two patients not treated with Kampo medicines. Cases: All patients with pneumonia received antibiotics, were not on ventilators, and were able to leave the hospital by themselves. In contrast to the two patients in the non-Kampo group who received oxygen and were hospitalized for a slightly prolonged period, the two patients in the Kampo group were weaned from oxygen at an early stage and showed marked improvement in their imaging findings. Conclusion: It is suggested that shosaikoto or saireito can be used safely and effectively for respiratory failure in patients with pneumonia if the indication is met. The second presentation is “Treatment of Heart Failure.” Background: In the treatment of heart failure, diuretics improve symptoms by relieving the preload. However, some adverse events of diuretics such as electrolyte abnormalities and kidney injury are problems. Case 1: A 91-year-old female came to our clinic complaining of exacerbation of dyspnea on exertion for two months. We diagnosed congestive heart failure and administered intravenous isosorbide dinitrate and furosemide 20 mg. However, her serum creatinine level was elevated. Therefore, we added shimbuto and goreisan. Then her symptoms were resolved, and her renal function did not decrease. Case 2: A 64-year-old male presented to our clinic complaining of dyspnea and palpitations on exertion. His symptoms exacerbated when his blood pressure elevated; on the other hand, he was in presyncope if his blood pressure decreased. We added mokuboito, an
{"title":"Application of traditional medicine in emergency and critical care “1st International Symposium on Kampo Medicine”","authors":"H. Nakae, Tomomichi Kan’o, Yasuhito Irie, K. Tokunaga, Masayuki Kashima, Liu Xuezheng","doi":"10.1002/tkm2.1324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tkm2.1324","url":null,"abstract":"In the medical environment which favors modern Western medicine, treatment with Oriental medicine is not common in emergency and critical-care medicine. Nevertheless, treatments for acute infection, poisoning, or resuscitation are described in Shanghan Lun (Zhang Zhongjing version), and these descriptions were regarded as “emergency manuals” in their times. We should apply such manuals as a gift of wisdom from our ancestors and use them as suitable for modern society. Herein, we would like to discuss that Oriental treatments such as traditional Japanese medicine, Kampo, and traditional Chinses medicine, TCM, including acupuncture are effective in emergency and critical care. The quality of acute treatment strategies may improve by utilizing every available medical resource and practice such as Western and Oriental medicines. The first presentation is “Two Cases of CommunityAcquired Pneumonia with Good Clinical Course Treated with Shosaikoto or Saireito.” Introduction: It has been suggested that shosaikoto is useful in combination therapy with antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia [1], but it is not mentioned in guidelines and is not incorporated into general practice, probably because of concerns about interstitial pneumonia caused by shosaikoto, despite its efficacy. We compared the clinical course of two patients with community-acquired pneumonia treated with shosaikoto and saireito, a fixeddose combination of shosaikoto and goreisan, with that of two patients not treated with Kampo medicines. Cases: All patients with pneumonia received antibiotics, were not on ventilators, and were able to leave the hospital by themselves. In contrast to the two patients in the non-Kampo group who received oxygen and were hospitalized for a slightly prolonged period, the two patients in the Kampo group were weaned from oxygen at an early stage and showed marked improvement in their imaging findings. Conclusion: It is suggested that shosaikoto or saireito can be used safely and effectively for respiratory failure in patients with pneumonia if the indication is met. The second presentation is “Treatment of Heart Failure.” Background: In the treatment of heart failure, diuretics improve symptoms by relieving the preload. However, some adverse events of diuretics such as electrolyte abnormalities and kidney injury are problems. Case 1: A 91-year-old female came to our clinic complaining of exacerbation of dyspnea on exertion for two months. We diagnosed congestive heart failure and administered intravenous isosorbide dinitrate and furosemide 20 mg. However, her serum creatinine level was elevated. Therefore, we added shimbuto and goreisan. Then her symptoms were resolved, and her renal function did not decrease. Case 2: A 64-year-old male presented to our clinic complaining of dyspnea and palpitations on exertion. His symptoms exacerbated when his blood pressure elevated; on the other hand, he was in presyncope if his blood pressure decreased. We added mokuboito, an","PeriodicalId":23213,"journal":{"name":"Traditional & Kampo Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91477316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kyoko Takahashi, H. Mizukami, K. Kuchta, Tetsuhiro Yoshino, D. Yamaoka
(The Sowing Seeds for
为……播种
{"title":"Medicinal plant garden in Japan, the world, and the future “1st International Symposium on Kampo Medicine”","authors":"Kyoko Takahashi, H. Mizukami, K. Kuchta, Tetsuhiro Yoshino, D. Yamaoka","doi":"10.1002/tkm2.1333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tkm2.1333","url":null,"abstract":"(The Sowing Seeds for","PeriodicalId":23213,"journal":{"name":"Traditional & Kampo Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81188235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Takeda, S. Kuroki, Shouhaku Yamamoto, Chen Chi-fang
To The Editor Macular edema can result from a variety of diseases. Fluid retention in the macula can result in deterioration of visual acuity and metamorphopsia. Treatment usually involves direct management of the primary disease; however, such management or treatment is not always effective. Prolonged retention of macular fluid may lead to irreversible damage to macular function. The main treatment protocols currently recommended by Western ophthalmologists include retinal photocoagulation, vitrectomy, steroid injection, and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF). Anti-VEGF injection into the vitreous is currently the standard treatment for intraretinal fluid retention in Japan. However, this method is sometimes ineffective and is not considered curative. In addition, there are some cases where this treatment cannot be performed for various reasons. Kampo medicine may be very effective in cases that have been resistant to treatment strategies employed in Western medicine. Therefore, Kampo medicine has been examined as a possible means for the management of macular fluid retention. Herein, we present recent findings suggesting novel approaches to the treatment of macular edema, one of the most refractory eye diseases, using Kampo medicine. The first presentation is “Several Cases of Macular Edema Managed by Kampo Medicine.” Many macular diseases are known to be complicated by retinal fluid retention. Macular fluid retention can result in deterioration of visual acuity and metamorphopsia. Although anti-VEGF injections are standard treatment in Western ophthalmology, the treatment is not always effective. Further, they do not represent a radical treatment option, with need for long-term additional treatment. I have sought to manage macular fluid retention using Kampo medicine and found that some cases of refractory macular edema were resolved by treatment with Kampo medicine. Herein, I present various well-managed cases together with the results of optical coherent tomography. The Kampo medicine formulas used for each disease were as follows; yokukansankachinpihange for diabetic diffuse macular edema, keishibukuryogan + shosaikoto for age-related macular degeneration, daisaikoto for retinal vein occlusion, shinbuto for epiretinal membrane, and tokishakuyakusan for central serous chorio-retinopathy. The second presentation is “Six Cases of Diabetic Macular Edema Successfully Treated with Kampo Medicine.” Medical treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME) includes control of blood glucose, retinal photocoagulations, and intravitreous injections of anti-VEGF but no definitive treatment has been established. The last carries a serious risk of infection. The author prescribed Chinese herbal medicine according to oriental treatment patterns for six cases of DME not improved by the above treatments. Patients showed various conditions, such as blood stasis, yang deficiency of the kidney, qi deficiency of the whole body, dampness-heat of the sp
{"title":"Management of macular fluid retention by Kampo medicine “1st International Symposium on Kampo Medicine”","authors":"M. Takeda, S. Kuroki, Shouhaku Yamamoto, Chen Chi-fang","doi":"10.1002/tkm2.1329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tkm2.1329","url":null,"abstract":"To The Editor Macular edema can result from a variety of diseases. Fluid retention in the macula can result in deterioration of visual acuity and metamorphopsia. Treatment usually involves direct management of the primary disease; however, such management or treatment is not always effective. Prolonged retention of macular fluid may lead to irreversible damage to macular function. The main treatment protocols currently recommended by Western ophthalmologists include retinal photocoagulation, vitrectomy, steroid injection, and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF). Anti-VEGF injection into the vitreous is currently the standard treatment for intraretinal fluid retention in Japan. However, this method is sometimes ineffective and is not considered curative. In addition, there are some cases where this treatment cannot be performed for various reasons. Kampo medicine may be very effective in cases that have been resistant to treatment strategies employed in Western medicine. Therefore, Kampo medicine has been examined as a possible means for the management of macular fluid retention. Herein, we present recent findings suggesting novel approaches to the treatment of macular edema, one of the most refractory eye diseases, using Kampo medicine. The first presentation is “Several Cases of Macular Edema Managed by Kampo Medicine.” Many macular diseases are known to be complicated by retinal fluid retention. Macular fluid retention can result in deterioration of visual acuity and metamorphopsia. Although anti-VEGF injections are standard treatment in Western ophthalmology, the treatment is not always effective. Further, they do not represent a radical treatment option, with need for long-term additional treatment. I have sought to manage macular fluid retention using Kampo medicine and found that some cases of refractory macular edema were resolved by treatment with Kampo medicine. Herein, I present various well-managed cases together with the results of optical coherent tomography. The Kampo medicine formulas used for each disease were as follows; yokukansankachinpihange for diabetic diffuse macular edema, keishibukuryogan + shosaikoto for age-related macular degeneration, daisaikoto for retinal vein occlusion, shinbuto for epiretinal membrane, and tokishakuyakusan for central serous chorio-retinopathy. The second presentation is “Six Cases of Diabetic Macular Edema Successfully Treated with Kampo Medicine.” Medical treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME) includes control of blood glucose, retinal photocoagulations, and intravitreous injections of anti-VEGF but no definitive treatment has been established. The last carries a serious risk of infection. The author prescribed Chinese herbal medicine according to oriental treatment patterns for six cases of DME not improved by the above treatments. Patients showed various conditions, such as blood stasis, yang deficiency of the kidney, qi deficiency of the whole body, dampness-heat of the sp","PeriodicalId":23213,"journal":{"name":"Traditional & Kampo Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75346010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kampo medicine is a traditional Japanese medicine that is increasingly integrated in modern medicine. Next to hundreds of years of experience, basic research on single herbs and their combinations support its use in a modern context. With standardized herbal prescriptions, we now have non-interventional and randomized controlled trials of Kampo medicines supporting their traditionally known effects. The Japan Society for Oriental Medicine celebrated the first 20 years of the activities of the Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) Committee in June 2021 [1]. Among the activities of the EBM Committee, Evidence Reports of Kampo Treatment contain randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses, including RCTs on cancer supportive care. Supportive care has always been a stronghold of Kampo medicine and leads to a more complete standard treatment especially for cancer patients. The first presentation is “Significance of Kampo Medicine for Cancer Supportive Care: Overview.” Cancer supportive care includes all measures to prevent or ameliorate side effects of any treatments including anticancer agents, with physical, mental, social, and spiritual care (survivorship). In modern cancer care, Kampo medicines are especially helpful in the management of refractory symptoms such as general malaise/fatigue, anorexia, cachexia, and peripheral neuropathy [2]. Action mechanisms of each Kampo formula and its components have been elucidated by basic research. In this symposium, we will learn and discuss state-ofthe art progress in basic and clinical research in the field of cancer supportive care. In addition to the reports on the Japanese situation, we will listen to German viewpoints on this theme. The second presentation is “Roles of Kampo Medicine for Chemotherapy-Related Adverse Events.” While the development of recent cancer treatments progresses, it is often experienced that continuation of cancer treatment becomes difficult due to individual differences, general condition, underlying diseases, and various therapy-related adverse events such as mucositis, diarrhea and immunosuppression. Therefore, the development of cancer treatments comes with the battle against their side effects. Advances in supportive care improve the outcome of cancer therapies. In recent years, the application of traditional Japanese medicine, “Kampo medicine,” to cancer supportive care has attracted attention to improve the results of cancer treatment and the quality of medical care [3]. Especially the Kampo formulas called “Hozai” have been reported to improve nutritional and immune status. In addition, their effects on both mind and body are recognized. This presentation overviews the clinical role and potential of Kampo medicine in the latest cancer treatments. The third presentation is “The Importance and Requirement of Evidence-Based Medicine to Expand the Use of Kampo Medicine.” Cancer treatment is one of the major projects in the world. In recent years, chemotherapy, surgical trea
{"title":"Significance of Kampo medicine in cancer supportive care“1st International Symposium on Kampo Medicine”","authors":"Y. Motoo, T. Nishiuchi, Y. Uezono, S. Cameron","doi":"10.1002/tkm2.1319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tkm2.1319","url":null,"abstract":"Kampo medicine is a traditional Japanese medicine that is increasingly integrated in modern medicine. Next to hundreds of years of experience, basic research on single herbs and their combinations support its use in a modern context. With standardized herbal prescriptions, we now have non-interventional and randomized controlled trials of Kampo medicines supporting their traditionally known effects. The Japan Society for Oriental Medicine celebrated the first 20 years of the activities of the Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) Committee in June 2021 [1]. Among the activities of the EBM Committee, Evidence Reports of Kampo Treatment contain randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses, including RCTs on cancer supportive care. Supportive care has always been a stronghold of Kampo medicine and leads to a more complete standard treatment especially for cancer patients. The first presentation is “Significance of Kampo Medicine for Cancer Supportive Care: Overview.” Cancer supportive care includes all measures to prevent or ameliorate side effects of any treatments including anticancer agents, with physical, mental, social, and spiritual care (survivorship). In modern cancer care, Kampo medicines are especially helpful in the management of refractory symptoms such as general malaise/fatigue, anorexia, cachexia, and peripheral neuropathy [2]. Action mechanisms of each Kampo formula and its components have been elucidated by basic research. In this symposium, we will learn and discuss state-ofthe art progress in basic and clinical research in the field of cancer supportive care. In addition to the reports on the Japanese situation, we will listen to German viewpoints on this theme. The second presentation is “Roles of Kampo Medicine for Chemotherapy-Related Adverse Events.” While the development of recent cancer treatments progresses, it is often experienced that continuation of cancer treatment becomes difficult due to individual differences, general condition, underlying diseases, and various therapy-related adverse events such as mucositis, diarrhea and immunosuppression. Therefore, the development of cancer treatments comes with the battle against their side effects. Advances in supportive care improve the outcome of cancer therapies. In recent years, the application of traditional Japanese medicine, “Kampo medicine,” to cancer supportive care has attracted attention to improve the results of cancer treatment and the quality of medical care [3]. Especially the Kampo formulas called “Hozai” have been reported to improve nutritional and immune status. In addition, their effects on both mind and body are recognized. This presentation overviews the clinical role and potential of Kampo medicine in the latest cancer treatments. The third presentation is “The Importance and Requirement of Evidence-Based Medicine to Expand the Use of Kampo Medicine.” Cancer treatment is one of the major projects in the world. In recent years, chemotherapy, surgical trea","PeriodicalId":23213,"journal":{"name":"Traditional & Kampo Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81015375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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