Tribology International最新文献_第5页

Multiscale study on laser shock peening to improve the tribological properties of CuSn alloys: Experimental and molecular dynamics perspective 激光冲击强化提高CuSn合金摩擦学性能的多尺度研究：实验和分子动力学视角

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Tribology International

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.111552

Wenmin Tang , Zhiyaun Liu , Xiaorong Huang , Yubin Ke , Xianhuan Wang , Hua Ming , Hua Zhang , Yaowen Ma , Xuanguo Wang , Du Wang , Tian Zhang

Wear-resistant Cu-Sn alloys are further enhanced by laser shock peening (LSP) to meet increasingly demanding service conditions. This study employs a multiscale approach, combining experiments, theoretical calculations, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to systematically investigate the effects of LSP on the microstructure and surface properties of Cu-Sn alloy, thus revealing the underlying mechanisms responsible for the improved wear resistance at both macroscopic and atomic scales. The results show that LSP effectively refines grain size, induces a deeper plastic deformation layer, and significantly enhances surface hardness and compressive residual stress (CRS). Notably, the wear rate is reduced by up to 65.4 % (reaching 14.59 ± 1.09 × 10^-⁶ mm³/N·m) compared to the untreated sample, and the dominant wear mechanism shifts from adhesive wear to abrasive wear. This improvement is attributed to the synergistic effect of CRS and hardness. Furthermore, the MD simulations of LSP and subsequent wear behavior are coupled to directly study the influence of LSP on wear resistance at the atomic scale. Theoretical analyses and MD simulations demonstrate that crystal defects introduced by LSP play a critical role in enhancing wear resistance by inhibiting dislocation motion and surface deformation. This work provides atomic-scale insights into the wear resistance mechanisms of LSP-treated Cu-Sn alloys, offering a theoretical foundation for the optimization of LSP techniques.

激光冲击强化（LSP）进一步增强了Cu-Sn合金的耐磨性能，以满足日益苛刻的使用条件。本研究采用多尺度方法，将实验、理论计算和分子动力学（MD）模拟相结合，系统地研究了LSP对Cu-Sn合金微观组织和表面性能的影响，从而在宏观和原子尺度上揭示了提高Cu-Sn合金耐磨性的潜在机制。结果表明：LSP能有效细化晶粒尺寸，形成更深的塑性变形层，显著提高表面硬度和压缩残余应力（CRS）；与未处理样品相比，磨损率降低了65.4 %（达到14.59 ± 1.09 × 10- 26 mm³/N·m），主要磨损机制由黏着磨损转变为磨粒磨损。这种改善是由于CRS和硬度的协同作用。在原子尺度上，耦合了LSP和后续磨损行为的MD模拟，直接研究了LSP对耐磨性的影响。理论分析和MD模拟表明，LSP引入的晶体缺陷通过抑制位错运动和表面变形，在提高耐磨性方面起着至关重要的作用。这项工作为LSP处理Cu-Sn合金的耐磨性机制提供了原子尺度的见解，为LSP技术的优化提供了理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

Microscale tribological behavior and mechanism of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings on fracturing pump plunger surfaces in different fracturing fluid environments 类金刚石（DLC）涂层在压裂泵柱塞表面不同压裂液环境下的微观摩擦学行为及机理

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Tribology International

Pub Date : 2025-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.111557

Yunhai Liu, Xinwei Li, Xiaohua Zhu, Ligao Liu

Fracturing-pump plunger wear severely limits stimulation efficiency in oil and gas extraction. Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films boost the reliability of critical equipment, yet their friction is sensitive to the fracturing-fluid environment. The absence of systematic tribological comparisons across fracturing fluids constrains DLC film deployment. Accordingly, reactive molecular dynamics investigated DLC films' microscopic friction behavior in three common fracturing fluids. DLC films outperform in foam and oil-based fracturing fluids versus water-based ones. In foam fracturing fluid, CO₂ electron repulsion cuts interfacial friction and wear, while passivating surface carbon to further suppress damage. In oil-based fracturing fluid, non-polar alkanes slide at the interface, forming an effective lubricating film to minimize wear. Moreover, lattice transformation of the Fe substrate, the main source of frictional heating and energy release, is significantly inhibited in foam and oil-based environments. This study unveils atomic-scale DLC friction-adaptation in varied fracturing fluids, offering a basis for optimizing plunger coatings.

压裂泵柱塞磨损严重限制了油气开采中的增产效率。类金刚石（DLC）薄膜提高了关键设备的可靠性，但它们的摩擦对压裂流体环境很敏感。由于缺乏系统的压裂液摩擦学比较，限制了DLC膜的部署。因此，反应分子动力学研究了DLC膜在三种常见压裂液中的微观摩擦行为。DLC薄膜在泡沫和油基压裂液中的性能优于水基压裂液。在泡沫压裂液中，二氧化碳的电子斥力减少了界面摩擦和磨损，同时钝化了表面碳，进一步抑制了损伤。在油基压裂液中，非极性烷烃在界面处滑动，形成有效的润滑膜，最大限度地减少磨损。此外，Fe衬底的晶格转变是摩擦加热和能量释放的主要来源，在泡沫和油基环境中被显著抑制。该研究揭示了DLC在不同压裂液中的原子级摩擦适应性，为柱塞涂层的优化提供了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Kinetic responses and wear behaviors of shale under cyclic impacts 循环冲击下页岩的动力学响应与磨损行为

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Tribology International

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.111545

Jinyin Wang , Yuping Liu , Wen Yue

During shale gas drilling, lateral vibrations of the drill string induce rock wear and aggravate wellbore instability. This study aims to elucidate the kinetic response and wear mechanisms of shale under cyclic impacts using a low-energy impact wear test rig at various velocities (100, 150, and 200 mm/s) and impact cycles. Results indicate that impact velocity is positively correlated with impact force and negatively correlated with energy absorption. The maximum variation in impact force response decreased by about 2.4 % before increasing by about 2.7 % as the impact cycles progressed, while the energy absorption rate stabilized between 68 % and 79 %. Microcracks developed along crystal boundaries at the edge of the impact region, and mineral wear and compaction occurred at the center. Each mineral component exhibits different forms of damage. Numerical simulation based on the Drucker-Prager yield criterion confirmed that the contact stress distribution corresponded to the experimentally observed wear morphology, showing conical damage pits after multiple impacts.

在页岩气钻井过程中，钻柱的横向振动会引起岩石磨损，加剧井筒失稳。本研究旨在利用低能量冲击磨损试验台，在不同速度（100、150和200 mm/s）和冲击周期下，阐明页岩在循环冲击下的动力学响应和磨损机制。结果表明，冲击速度与冲击力呈正相关，与能量吸收负相关。随着冲击循环的进行，冲击力响应的最大变化减小了约2.4 %，然后增加了约2.7 %，而能量吸收率稳定在68 % ~ 79 %之间。冲击区边缘沿晶界发育微裂纹，中心发生矿物磨损和压实。每种矿物成分都表现出不同形式的损伤。基于Drucker-Prager屈服准则的数值模拟证实，接触应力分布符合实验观察到的磨损形貌，在多次冲击后呈现圆锥形的损伤坑。

引用次数: 0

Enhanced tribological and mechanical performance of Metco 204NS–reinforced AA5754 via friction stir processing with a stub-projected cylindrical tool Metco 204ns增强AA5754的摩擦学和力学性能通过桩部投射圆柱工具进行搅拌摩擦加工

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Tribology International

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.111550

Song Zhao , Zhe Wu , Zhongbin Wei , Yinwei Wang , Guangfan Hu

The present work explores the simultaneous enhancement of tribological and mechanical properties of AA5754 aluminum alloy by surface compositing with Metco 204 NS particles through friction stir processing (FSP). A novel stub-projected cylindrical (SC) tool was designed to improve material flow and particle dispersion within the stir zone. Results demonstrated that using a stub-projected cylindrical (SC) tool effectively improved the surface quality of the sample, reduced the mean of grain size in the stir zone (from 6.79 to 4.05 µm) and improved the dynamic recrystallization and distribution of Metco particles across the matrix, which contributed to improved interfacial bonding and suppression of particle clustering. It was also found that the stub-projections significantly increased the microhardness and shear punch strength by nearly 19 % and 33 %, respectively, compared to the sample processed with conventional tool. Tribological evaluation using pin-on-disc tests demonstrated a substantial reduction in wear rate (from 0.42 mm³/Nm to 0.32 mm³/Nm) and coefficient of friction (from 0.39 ± 0.01–0.33 ± 0.01), attributed to the synergistic effect of grain refinement, hard particle reinforcement, and tool-induced stirring action.

采用搅拌摩擦处理（FSP）方法，研究了Metco 204 NS颗粒表面复合对AA5754铝合金摩擦学性能和力学性能的同时增强。为了改善搅拌区内的物料流动和颗粒分散，设计了一种新型的桩部投影圆柱（SC）工具。结果表明，使用SC工具可以有效地改善样品的表面质量，降低搅拌区的平均晶粒尺寸（从6.79降至4.05 µm），改善Metco颗粒在基体上的动态再结晶和分布，从而改善界面结合和抑制颗粒聚类。研究还发现，与常规刀具加工的样品相比，短段突起显著提高了显微硬度和剪切冲头强度，分别提高了近19% %和33% %。使用针盘式测试进行的摩擦学评估表明，由于晶粒细化、硬颗粒强化和工具诱导的搅拌作用的协同作用，磨损率（从0.42 mm3/Nm降至0.32 mm3/Nm）和摩擦系数（从0.39 ± 0.01至0.33 ± 0.01）大幅降低。

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引用次数: 0

Engineerable stabilized bonding hydrogel coatings with dual-layer architecture for scalable drag reduction 可工程的稳定结合水凝胶涂层，具有双层结构，可伸缩的减阻

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Tribology International

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.111543

Xueya Liu , Ketian Gao , Yankui Sun , Xuemei Bai , Qiangliang Yu , Daoai Wang , Xingwei Wang , Congshu Huang , Zhipeng Xie , Wufang Yang

An easy-to-operate, environmentally-friendly, and scalable coating method is crucial for addressing both fluid drag reduction and biofouling settling in marine equipment. Utilizing the combination of spraying, thermosetting, and photopolymerization, a stabilized bonding hydrogel coating (SBHC) compatible with various substrates is developed with rapid and large-scale production capability. The coating possesses a dual-layer structure, comprising a strong adhesive primer-layer (above 0.58 MPa) and a hydrogel top-layer that provides antifouling and drag-reducing properties. Experimental results confirm that the SBHC surface has excellent resistance to biofouling, achieving a maximum reduction of 99 % in fouling rate for both the representative fouling, therhodophyta Porphyridium and the diatom Amphora ovalis. In laminar and turbulent flow fields, the fluid resistance decreased by 18 % and 9 % respectively. Moreover, the SBHC surface also exhibits exceptional underwater transparency, reaching up to 95 %. Constructed on the dual-layer structure, the SBHC surface therefore holds significant potential for applications in antifouling and drag reduction for marine equipment, especially those with underwater viewports.

一种易于操作、环保、可扩展的涂层方法对于解决船舶设备中流体阻力降低和生物污垢沉降问题至关重要。利用喷涂、热固性和光聚合相结合的方法，开发了一种与各种基材兼容的稳定键合水凝胶涂层（shbhc），具有快速和大规模生产的能力。该涂层具有双层结构，包括强粘合底漆层（0.58 MPa以上）和具有防污和减阻性能的水凝胶顶层。实验结果证实，shbhc表面具有优异的抗生物污染性能，对代表性的污染物——红藻卟啉和硅藻双卵藻的污染率均可最大降低99 %。在层流场和湍流场中，流体阻力分别降低了18 %和9 %。此外，shbhc表面还表现出优异的水下透明度，高达95% %。由于采用双层结构，因此shbhc表面在船舶设备的防污和减阻方面具有巨大的应用潜力，特别是那些具有水下视孔的设备。

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引用次数: 0

Probing the tribo-corrosion behaviors of TA3 and TA36 titanium alloys in CO2/H2S/high salinity environments TA3和TA36钛合金在CO2/H2S/高盐度环境中的摩擦腐蚀行为研究

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Tribology International

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.111546

Dezhi Zeng , Jiancheng Luo , Chengxiu Yu , Zhengpeng Du , Xin Li , Ting Mao , Zhiming Yu , Jing Yan

Titanium alloys have emerged as potential materials for gathering and transportation pipelines in high-sulfur gas fields due to their low density, high specific strength, and excellent corrosion resistance in acidic environments. However, their low hardness and inadequate wear resistance render them susceptible to failure under the synergistic effect of corrosion and wear during service and maintenance. This study employed a new self-designed and fabricated tribo-corrosion apparatus to simulate service conditions and compared the responses of TA3 (commercially pure titanium) and TA36. The results indicate that both load and H₂S partial pressure promote the tribo-corrosion behavior of titanium alloys in CO₂/H₂S/high-salinity environments. Under conditions of 8 N load and 2 MPa H₂S partial pressure, the specific wear rates of TA3 and TA36 reached maximum values of 10.75 × 10⁻⁵ mm³·(N·m)⁻¹ and 5.12 × 10⁻⁵ mm³·(N·m)⁻¹ , respectively. At lower loads and H₂S partial pressures, the tribo-corrosion process of TA3 was primarily characterized by adhesive wear and delamination wear. As the load and H₂S partial pressure increased, the wear mechanisms shifted to abrasive wear, delamination wear, and oxidative wear. In contrast, the dominant wear mechanisms of TA36 under all conditions consistently involved plastic deformation, abrasive wear, and delamination wear. Regardless of variations in load and H₂S partial pressure, TA36 consistently exhibited superior tribo-corrosion resistance compared to TA3. This is attributed to TA36's microstructure and hardness, as well as the lubricating properties of the tribo-corrosion products (such as Fe₂O₃ and Al(OH)₃) formed on its surface, which helped to mitigate surface damage.

钛合金因其密度低、比强度高、在酸性环境中具有优异的耐腐蚀性，成为高含硫气田集输管道的潜在材料。然而，由于其硬度低，耐磨性不足，在使用和维护过程中，在腐蚀和磨损的协同作用下，容易失效。本研究采用自行设计和制作的新型摩擦腐蚀装置模拟使用条件，并比较了TA3（商业纯钛）和TA36的反应。结果表明，载荷和H2S分压均促进了钛合金在CO2/H2S/高盐度环境中的摩擦腐蚀行为。在8 N载荷和2 MPa H2S分压条件下，TA3和TA36的比磨损率分别达到最大值10.75 × 10 - 5 mm3·（N·m）⁻ 和5.12 × 10 - 5 mm3·（N·m）⁻ 。在较低载荷和H2S分压下，TA3的摩擦腐蚀过程主要表现为粘着磨损和分层磨损。随着载荷和H2S分压的增加，磨损机制转变为磨粒磨损、脱层磨损和氧化磨损。相反，在所有条件下，TA36的主要磨损机制始终包括塑性变形、磨粒磨损和脱层磨损。无论负载和H2S分压如何变化，与TA3相比，TA36始终表现出优越的耐摩擦腐蚀性能。这是由于TA36的微观结构和硬度，以及在其表面形成的摩擦腐蚀产物（如Fe2O3和Al(OH)3）的润滑性能，这有助于减轻表面损伤。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-objective rough surface reconstruction with texture inheritance: Coupling multi-scale primitives and tribological performance via NSGA-II 基于纹理继承的多目标粗糙表面重构：基于NSGA-II的多尺度基元与摩擦学性能耦合

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Tribology International

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.111532

Yaqian Wang , Liqin Wang , Maokuan Bao , Ning Feng , Jiqiang Wu , Jingjing Zhang

The microstructural features of ultra-precision bearing surfaces play a decisive role in lubrication performance and interfacial behavior, while conventional reconstruction methods struggle to simultaneously inherit precision machining textures and optimize tribological properties. This study proposes a texture-inheriting, multi-objective rough surface reconstruction method based on NSGA-II. Through multi-scale primitive regulation and adaptive parameter set constraints, the reconstructed surfaces inherit texture from the original and achieve substantial improvements in both film thickness ratio and average contact gap. Analysis using a surrogate–high-fidelity dual lubrication model indicates that primary primitive determines the upper limit of overall surface performance, whereas detail primitives govern stability and local responsiveness, with optimization efficacy relying on their synergistic interaction. Experimental comparisons demonstrate that the reconstructed surfaces achieve a friction coefficient matrix accuracy of over 92 % compared to real surfaces, confirming both the high reconstruction precision and effective texture inheritance capability of the proposed method.

超精密轴承表面的微观组织特征对其润滑性能和界面行为起着决定性的作用，而传统的重建方法难以同时继承精密加工织构和优化摩擦学性能。提出了一种基于NSGA-II的纹理继承、多目标粗糙表面重建方法。通过多尺度原语调节和自适应参数集约束，重构表面继承了原始表面的纹理，并在膜厚比和平均接触间隙方面取得了较大的改善。基于代理-高保真双润滑模型的分析表明，主要原语决定了整体表面性能的上限，而细节原语则决定了稳定性和局部响应性，其优化效果依赖于它们之间的协同作用。实验结果表明，重构表面的摩擦系数矩阵与真实表面的摩擦系数矩阵精度达到92% %以上，验证了该方法具有较高的重构精度和有效的纹理继承能力。

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引用次数: 0

Static characteristics of hybrid gas thrust bearing with inwardly-pumping spiral grooves and multiple inserting porous restrictors 向内抽气螺旋槽多孔节流器混合式气体推力轴承静态特性研究

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Tribology International

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.111488

Shaowen Zhang, Guangyou Shao, Jun Tang

A novel hybrid gas thrust bearing (HGTB) with inwardly-pumping spiral grooves and multiple inserting porous restrictors is proposed in this paper, aiming to achieve a relatively higher load capacity than conventional types. The static characteristics of this kind of bearing are studied systematically. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is established based on the Navier-Stokes equations, Darcy-Forchheimer equations and mass conservation equation for the HGTB, and the model is verified by comparing with available data concerning the hydrostatic porous gas thrust bearing and hydrodynamic spiral-groove gas thrust bearing. Then, the static characteristics of the HGTB is compared with those of two conventional types of gas thrust bearings, and the influence of configuration parameters and operating conditions on the static characteristics is analyzed. The numerical results show that the load capacity and static stiffness of the HGTB are larger than those of both the hydrostatic porous gas thrust bearing and hydrodynamic spiral-groove gas thrust bearing when the rotational speed is within a certain range. While at higher rotational speeds, the HGTB may perform inferior to the hydrodynamic spiral-groove gas thrust due to the reverse flow through the porous restrictors. The optimum position of inserting porous restrictor corresponding to the maximum load capacity and static stiffness is near the middle or the outer side of the annular thrust pad, which depends on the operating rotational speed of bearing. The optimum spiral angle and groove depth ratio corresponding to the maximum load capacity are related to the permeability coefficient of porous material.

本文提出了一种具有向内泵送螺旋槽和多个插入式多孔节流器的新型混合气体推力轴承（HGTB），旨在获得比传统轴承更高的承载能力。对该类轴承的静态特性进行了系统的研究。基于Navier-Stokes方程、Darcy-Forchheimer方程和质量守恒方程，建立了HGTB的计算流体动力学（CFD）模型，并与已有的静压多孔气体推力轴承和动静压螺旋槽气体推力轴承数据进行了对比验证。然后，将HGTB的静态特性与两种传统类型的气体推力轴承进行了比较，分析了配置参数和运行条件对静态特性的影响。数值计算结果表明，在一定转速范围内，HGTB的承载能力和静刚度均大于静压多孔气体止推轴承和动静压螺旋槽气体止推轴承。在较高的转速下，由于通过多孔节流器的反向流动，HGTB的性能可能不如流体动力螺旋槽气体推力。最大承载能力和静刚度所对应的多孔限位器的最佳插入位置是靠近环空推力垫的中部或外侧，这取决于轴承的运行转速。最大承载能力对应的最佳螺旋角和槽深比与多孔材料的渗透系数有关。

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引用次数: 0

Variable running fretting condition (VRFC) prediction model under random tangential fretting wear of E-class steel: Via experiment and simulation insight e级钢随机切向微动磨损下可变运行微动状态（VRFC）预测模型：实验与仿真分析

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Tribology International

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.111531

Bin Rong , You-hong Long , Jin-fang Peng , Qiu-yu Meng , Bing-long Wei , Zi-bo Zhao , Min-hao Zhu

E-class steel, used for axle boxes and couplers in rail vehicles, operates under random vibration and alternating loads that inevitably induce fretting wear. To replicate reality, we innovatively designed a variable running fretting condition (VRFC) test that superimposes random tangential motion on a self-development fretting wear test equipment. Wear morphology and quantitative parameters were acquired by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and white-light interferometry (for 3D morphology). Laser shock peening (LSP) was then applied to tailor the residual-stress field of the steel, and a hybrid experiment/simulation database was created. A DeepSeek model finally links the laboratory VRFC data to field damage signatures, providing a fast track to predict and mitigate E-class steel degradation in actual service.

用于轨道车辆轴箱和联轴器的e级钢在随机振动和交变载荷下运行，不可避免地会产生微动磨损。为了模拟实际情况，我们创新地设计了一种可变运行微动条件（VRFC）测试，该测试将随机切向运动叠加在自行开发的微动磨损测试设备上。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和白光干涉法（用于三维形貌）获得磨损形貌和定量参数。采用激光冲击强化（LSP）对钢的残余应力场进行裁剪，并建立了混合实验/仿真数据库。DeepSeek模型最终将实验室VRFC数据与现场损伤特征联系起来，为预测和减轻实际服役中e级钢的退化提供了快速通道。

引用次数: 0

A case study on brake behavior of copper-based brake pads mated with C/C-SiC operating at 400 km/h: Tribo-layers and reconstruction C/C- sic复合铜基刹车片在400 km/h下的制动性能研究：摩擦层与重构

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Tribology International

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2025.111530

Yuxuan Xu , Qi Chen , Donglin Liu , Deshan Chen , Ziyi Liu , Xing Wang , Minwen Deng , Haibin Zhou , Yong Han , Pingping Yao

The brake behavior of copper-based brake pads (CBBPs) mated with C/C–SiC discs at 400 km/h were investigated through full-scale dynamometer tests and tribo-layer reconstruction. At disc temperatures above 850 °C, the coefficient of friction (COF) drops from approximately 0.35–0.28, accompanied by wear rises sharply. The collapse of the mechanically mixed layer (MML) and the fragmentation of the plastic deformation layer (PDL) in the middle region govern the transition from stable braking to severe deterioration. Notably, reconstructed tribo-layers reproduce the thickness (approximately 10–30 µm) and hardness (about 2.5–6.0 GPa) observed in full-scale tests, establishing a direct causal link between tribo-layer characteristics and macroscopic braking behavior. This compelling result directly establishes the link between tribo-layer instability and brake behavior at extreme conditions, demonstrating that high-temperature oxidation, matrix softening, and third-body abrasion/impact act synergistically to accelerate deterioration. The reconstruction methodology further provides a cost-efficient and mechanistically grounded pathway for screening and designing next-generation CBBPs for high-speed applications.

通过全尺寸测力机试验和摩擦层重建，研究了铜基刹车片（CBBPs）在400 km/h下的制动性能。当阀瓣温度高于850℃时，摩擦系数（COF）从约0.35-0.28下降，同时磨损急剧增加。中间区域机械混合层（MML）的崩塌和塑性变形层（PDL）的破碎控制着从稳定制动到严重恶化的转变。值得注意的是，重建的摩擦层再现了全尺寸试验中观察到的厚度（约10-30 µm）和硬度（约2.5-6.0 GPa），建立了摩擦层特性与宏观制动行为之间的直接因果关系。这一令人信服的结果直接建立了极端条件下摩擦层不稳定性与制动行为之间的联系，表明高温氧化、基体软化和第三体磨损/冲击协同作用会加速磨损。重构方法进一步为筛选和设计用于高速应用的下一代cbbp提供了一种具有成本效益和机械基础的途径。

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引用次数: 0